Kuwo wonke ama-conifers akekho umuthi olingana nomsedari ukuze kuvunyelwane ukuhlanganiswa kwamazwe okulima ingadi. Yilokhu abantu abaningi baseNgilandi abakucabange ngakho, okuchaza ngokugcwele lolu hlobo lwezitshalo ezivuthiwe ezivandeni ezithandekayo. Imisedari emibili noma emithathu ekungeneni kwendlu ayenele ukwakha ukwakheka kwezakhiwo, ukuyibeka kahle futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo imikhosi. Sizokutshela ukuthi yimiphi imisedari efanelekile ukulima emapulazini, ukuhlaziya izinhlobo zabo nezinhlobo ezidumile.
Uyazi? I-Cedar wood is appreciated kakhulu emakethe yomhlaba, njengoba idume ngokuhlala kwayo, iphunga elimnandi kanye nezindawo zokulwa namagciwane. AmaHindu adumisa lezi zihlahla esikhundleni sezandla zaphezulu, amaFenike asetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwemikhumbi, abaseGibithe - ukuze baqothule. Abacwaningi bayaphawula ukuthi imvukuzane ayiqali emabhodini emisedari.
Imisedari: izici ezijwayelekile
Iyini imisedari, endaweni yethu engazi konke. Abaningi bawasebenzisana namantongomane omnandi we-pine, athengiswayo. Eqinisweni, lokhu kunambitheka akusebenzi neze emisedari, ngoba yisithelo sePineyini yasePiberia.
Eminye imelela imisedari ngamantombazane amakhulu amakhulu nezilingo ezinamapulangwe ezinama-blue-green, amagatsha ahamba phambili kanye ne-scaly grayish amagxolo.
Lezi zinhlobo zasendle, ezivame ukutholakala emaphethelweni aseMedithera, emahlathini nasezintabeni ze-Himalaya. Endalweni yemvelo, laba abamele umndeni wephayini bangafinyelela emamitha ama-50 ubude.
Ama-botanists ahlukanisa imisedari njengezihlahla zemvelo ze-oligotype genus. Zihluke ezinaliti eziqoqwe ezinhlangothini futhi zihlelwe ngokomoya ngezinaliti, izigaxa ezinemijondolo ezihlangene nezigaxa. Ukuqhakaza ekwindla. Izithelo ezivuthiwe ze-triangular shape zimbozwe ngesikhumba esincane futhi zibe namaphiko amakhulu. Izithelo zalo msedari azidli, ziqukethe ama-resin amaningi.
Imisedari yasemakhaya inganelisa ngisho nama-aesthetes adingekayo, ngoba anezinhlobo eziningi, ahlukene ngobukhulu, isakhiwo somqhele, umbala kanye nezinaliti ubude.
Ekunakekeleni, imisedari, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ihlobo luni, engeza ohlwini lwamaqembu angenakuhlushwa kwezitshalo. Ukuze uthole izimila ezigcwele, zidinga ukudla okunomsoco okuhleliwe njalo ngenyanga, ukusabalala kwentwasahlobo yezihlahla zomuthi nokugcoba njalo umoya nomhlabathi. Ukuphalaza kubaluleke kakhulu izithombo ezincane. Ngendlela, badinga ukulungiselela ngokucophelela ubusika: indawo yokuhlala yamagatsha nezihlahla zomuthi. Kuyisici ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukutshala izihlahla zemisedari, ngakho-ke udinga ukuthi usondele ngokujulile ekukhetheni indawo yokufika. Izinto zokutshala zikhiqiza kuphela eminyakeni engu-6-8 ubudala. 
Ekuqaleni kokuthuthukiswa kwayo, izinyathelo zokuvimbela ziyadingeka ukuvimbela izifo zefungal. Imisedari iyakwazi ukugqwala, ebonakala ngamachashazi abomvu ezinaleni. Ukwelashwa yi-fungicidal. Futhi, izihlahla zisongelwa nge-chlorosis, ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokutheleleka emhlabathini we-limestone. Lesi sifo sibonakala ngokungazelelwe nokuphuza izinaliti ezingenasici, ngokuphazamisa amagatsha. Ama-bark nesibhakabhaka namaHermesi aseSiberia ahlala emisedari. Ukuthintwa yizi zinambuzane amakhophi akusekho ngaphansi kwensindiso. E-foci encane kusiza ukwelashwa ngama-insecticide.
Uyazi? Izinto zamaminerali namavithamini atholakale kilogram yezinaliti ezinomile. I-K (20 mg), P (3810 mg), i-B1 (19 mg), i-B2 (7 mg), i-B3 (28 mg), i-PP (142 mg), i-B6 (2 mg), i-H (0.15 mg), C (600 mg). Ngendlela, uma izinaliti eziqoqiwe zifakwa kwisitoreji egumbini elipholile ngezinga lokushisa elingaphezulu kwama-degree ama-5, ukubunjwa kwalo ngeke kube mpofu nhlobo.
Izinhlobo ze-Cedar
Laba bameli abakhulu bemikhuba ye-coniferous bayaziwa kubantu eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-250. Kodwa, ngokungavamile, namanje ama-botanist akakwazi ukufika enombolweni eyodwa yezinhlobo zemisedari. Ngokusho kwabanye, emvelweni kukhona kuphela imisedari yaseLebanese, echazwa ukufana kwazo zonke izitshalo ezivuthiwe. Abanye baqhubeka behlukanisa ngokucacile, beqokomisa ngaphezu kwalokho i-Atlas, i-Himalayan kanye nezinhlobo ezincane ze-coniferous. Futhi okwesithathu, ngokuphambene nalokho, awazi ukuthi i-short-coniferous breed. Ukusebenzisa okuhlangenwe nakho kochwepheshe bamazwe omhlaba abahloniphekile abahlanganyela kwiprojekthi yomhlaba wonke ethi "Catalog of Life" futhi baqoqa mayelana no-85% wolwazi mayelana nakho konke okuphilayo emhlabeni, silandela ukuhlukaniswa kwabo.
Umsedari waseLebanoni
I-Cedar Lebanese (i-Cedrus libani) yahlonywa ngekhulu le-XVII. Ibonakala ngokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo, ukuphila isikhathi eside nokujwayela ama-frosts abanzi (kuze kube yi--30 degrees). Ikhula kahle ngisho nasemhlabathini we-limestone emahlathini ashisayo. Umuthi omncane udala umqhele owenziwe nge-cone, futhi kuze kube sekukhuleni, uguqulwa ube yindawo ecacile yamagatsha. Amakhophi amadala wamagatsha ahlanganiswa abe isambulela. Ihluma ngokudubula okuncane. Izinaliti eziluhlaza obumnyama obunomthunzi othumayo, ubude bezinaliti kuze kube ngu-3 cm. Ama-cones alula, afinyelele ku-12 cm ubude. Ubujamo obuhlobisa buhluka ngobude nombala wezinaliti:
- "Glauca" (enezinaliti ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka);
- "I-Vreviramulosa" (ngamagatsha amakhulu omzimba ovulekile);
- "Isitebhisi" (umqhele wendwangu uhlanganiswa ngamagatsha amancane amancane, aphakanyiswe phezulu);
- "Pendula" (amagatsha awela kalula);
- "Tortuosa" (amagatsha ahamba phambili ahlukene);
- "Nana" (izinhlobonhlobo ezincane);
- "I-Nana pyramidata" (isihlahla esincane ngaphansi kwamagatsha afisa phezulu).
Kubalulekile! Izinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa izitshalo ze-coniferous, njengombuso, azijwayele ukuveza izimbali nokukhiqiza imbewu. Ama-specimens anjalo asakazwa kuphela ngokusika, futhi uma engenzi lutho, enza ukufakelwa kwesithwathwa kumama.
I-Atlas imisedari
I-Cedar Atlas (uCedrus atlantica) elibhekiswe ekukhuleni okusheshayo kwezihlahla ezincane, kungasinda isomiso hhayi amaqhwa esikhathi eside (kuze kube yi-degrees -20). Kudingeka ukukhanya Awubekezelelisi inhlabathi yelinestone nomswakama owedlulele. Esimweni sezakhiwo zasemapulazini, i-columnar, i-pyramidal, amafomu okulila ngezingubo zesiliva, zegolide nezindwangu eluhlaza. Ngokuyinhloko, lezi zinhlobo:
- "I-Glauca horizontalis" Inomphumela omuhle wokuhlobisa, izinaliti eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amagatsha ahlanganisiwe. Ngandlela-thile, i-Atlas cedar glauks iyingxenye yezinhlobonhlobo ze-elite.
- "Aurea". Isihlahla esinomqhele we-pinion kanye nezinaliti zegolide eziphuzi. Unyaka nonyaka izinaliti ziyakhula.
- "Fastigiata". Izinhlobonhlobo ezide zekholomu ye-columnar nezingaliti eziluhlaza ezikhanyayo.
- "Endula". Uphawu oluphawulekayo lwezinhlobonhlobo luyisimo sebushelelezi se-columnar kanye nesiphakamiso esiphakanyisiwe. Izinhlamvu ezihlaza.
Imisedari yase-Himalaya
Izihlahla zemisedari ze-Himalaya zimelelwa ngamagama ahlukahlukene ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo. Ngokwemvelo, lezi zinhlobo zinomqhele oqhakazile onenombolo ecacile yamagatsha. Ngezinga lokuguga, bakha phezulu phezulu. Isiko sithuthuka ngokushesha, sithanda umoya omanzi, sibekezelela isithunzi futhi sivumelane nesichotho. Nakuba abalimi abaqaphele bexwayisa ngemiphumela ye-chlorosis, ebonakala ngamachashazi aphuzi emagatsheni. Kunconywa ukutshala zonke izinhlobo ze-Himalaya emisedari endaweni evikelwe emoyeni.
Izimpawu zezici zomsedari zakwa-Himalaya ziyizingxube zayo ezithambile nama-cones akhazimulayo. Emasimini e-landscape ukwenza izibalo zangempela, lesi sitshalo sinqunywe. Ngaphandle kwezinhlobonhlobo ezijwayelekile, abathandi bezinto zokuhlobisa eziluhlaza bafuna ukutshala i-conifer encane ekhaya noma izinhlobo eziningi zezinaliti. Ezindaweni zokubeletha ziyadingeka:
- "Albocpica". Umsedari ubukhulu obukhulu phakathi komqhele we-pyramidal. Okuqakathekileko kobuhlanga umbala wamahlumela amancane. Ekuqaleni bahlanzekile, ngakho-ke nge-yellowness encane, esigabeni sokugcina sezokuthuthukiswa baba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- "Aurea". Ihlukana namahlumela aphuzi aphendulela okwindla ngekwindla. Ama-cones alobuhlobo bombala we-Himalayan womsedari ushintsho ne-bluish kuya obomvu obomvu kanye nobudala.
- "Ukukhanya kwegolide". Umuthi ovuthiwe ukhula umqhele onamandla womhlaba. Ukungafani kwezihlukahluka kungumbala wezinyosi ze-conifer, ubude obufinyelela ku-28 mm. Ohlangothini olusenyakatho banobuphuzi, futhi emthunzini kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- I-Prostrata. Umuthi okhula kancane ophethe umqhele obanzi wokuhlanganisa, ophethwe phezulu. Ngeminyaka engu-20, lesi sitshalo sifinyelela ngamasentimitha angu-30 kuphela ubude namamitha angu-75 ububanzi.
- IKashmir. Izinhlobonhlobo zithandwa ezindaweni ezibandayo, njengoba zibekezelela kalula ukushisa okukhulu.
- "Rygmy". Le misedari idume ngefomu layo elizungezile nelinaliti eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lapho uneminyaka engu-15 ubudala, lesi sihlahla sikhula cishe ku-30 cm ubude no-40 cm ububanzi.
Kubalulekile! Ngokuba zonke izinhlobo zokumelana nobusika bomsedari ziyingqayizivele. Izinhlobo ze-Himalayan neLebanese zihlala zihlala njalo kule ndaba. I-Atlas ikhula ngokuvamile ihlushwa iqhwa elinzima, elihlanganisa futhi liphule amagatsha.
Izilwane, ezibizwa ngokuthi imisedari
Abantu babiza imisedari iningi lemithi engezansi yohlobo lwephayini. Lezi yizinto ezibizwa ngokuthi iYurophu, iSiberia, imisedari yaseKorea kanye ne-elfin emisedari. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka okungekho emnyakeni wokushisa okunzima, izinhlobo zemvelaphi yaseYurophu neyaseKorea zivame ukutshalwa ezindaweni zethu. Kukholelwa ukuthi ekunakekeleni kwalezi zinhlayiya kunzima kakhulu. Eqinisweni, kanye nawo wonke ama-coniferous cultures, amahlumela amancane adinga ukuqondisisa ngokucophelela.
Iminyaka emihlanu yokuqala badinga ukuphuziswa njalo ehlobo okungenani izikhathi eziyisithupha. Ebusika, faka umqhele nesihlahla somuthi ngamagatsha ase-spruce. Ngonyaka kabili ngonyaka (entwasahlobo kanye ne-midsummer) igcwalisa nge-biohumus. Futhi ngesikhathi sokunyathela amahlumela amancane, ukwakha umqhele. Ukudubula kwamagatsha kungenzeka ngezifo ezinzima nge-seryanka. Ukuze izinambuzane zingalimazi isitshalo, udinga ukususa izinaliti ezihluthulelwe njalo futhi usebenzise izidakamizwa ezinezethusi.
Umsedari waseYurophu
Encwadini yesayensi, ibizwa ngokuthi i-pine yemisedari yaseYurophu (pinus cembra). Umuthi ungowomndeni wama-pin, igama lakhe lithathwe esithombeni somsedari waseSiberia. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zifana nezihlahla zephayini kunemisedari. Indawo yalezi zinhlobo igxila eningizimu-mpumalanga yeFrance nasesifundazweni sasePatras High kumaCarpathians. Isiko sihambisana kahle nezindawo ezithuthumayo, kungenwa yi-frost (ingasinda ama-frosts angu-40), umswakama-onothando, ikhetha inhlabathi entsha yobumba. Ngaphandle, kunokufana okuningi nomsedari waseSiberia; kunesilinganiso esincane sokuphakama, umqhele osakazayo wokuma kwe-ovoid nama-cones amancane. Ngendlela yabo yemvelo, izitshalo ezincane zinomqhele omuhle, owenziwe kancane, kanti njengoba zikhula, zithola amafomu amahle. 
Umsedari waseYurophu unezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-100, kufaka phakathi eziningi zokuhlobisa, ezihlukaniswe ngobukhulu nobukhulu bomqhele, umbala nobude bezinaliti.
Uyazi? Imisedari ikhona ohlwini lwemithi ehlala isikhathi eside emhlabeni. Isihlahla esidala kulesi sizwe sineminyaka engaba yizinkulungwane ezintathu.
Umsedari waseSiberia
Isihlahla somsedari waseSiberia (pínus sibírica) sihlukaniswa nomqhele ohlotshisiwe womhlobiso obunjengama-cone, i-brown-grey scaly bark kanye namahlumela abasha abomvu, ahlanganiswe inqwaba ebomvu. Amahlumela afushane, izinaliti ezithambile, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka olunemibala ye-wax bluish. Inaliti ubude cishe ngo-14 cm. Uphawu olujwayelekile lwezinhlobonhlobo yizithelo ezinkulu ezinamantongomane anomnandi. Zivela ngonyaka we-30 wokuphila. Ngokwesilinganiso, kunezinhlobo ezingu-50-150 kuBuqugu ngamunye. Lezi zinhlobo zibhekwa njengenye yebusika kakhulu-okunamandla nokubekezela. Amafomu okuhlobisa asetshalwe ikakhulukazi emhlabathini okhanyayo, ogcwele kahle. Imisedari yaseSiberia ibhekwa njengesiko esikhula kancane, ngoba kuvele izinsuku ezingu-40 kuphela ngonyaka. 
Umsedari waseKorea
Umsedari waseKorea (рinus koraiénsis) uchazwa ngencazelo njengiseduze nezinhlobo zaseSiberia naseYurophu. Endle, kungumuthi omude onogwaja obomvu, okhwehlelayo, ogqamile kanye nomqhele oqinile, oqinile. Ama-specimens amancane afakwe njenge-cone noma i-oval, futhi abavuthiwe aba yi-cylinder noma i-cone ephikisiwe. Amahlumela amasha ahlanganisa ubumnene obubomvu. Izinaliti zifinyelela ubude obungama-20 cm, obuncantathu, obumnyama obuhlaza, zikhula ezinhlangothini zezingcezu ezingu-4-5 futhi ziqhubeke egatsheni cishe iminyaka emine. Ama-cones asePorea asePorea nawo akhiqiza imbewu engadliwayo, ngayinye ekhula ibe yizingcezu ezingu-150. Endle, izihlahla ziqala ukuthela izithelo emva kweminyaka eyikhulu, futhi emasimini - emva kwe-30. Uhlobo lubhekene nokumelana nomoya. 
Uyazi? I-decoction ye-30 g ye-conifer izinaliti kanye no-150 ml wamanzi abilayo isindisa eyodwa kusuka avitaminosis kanye kubanda. Zonke izithako zibilisa ehlobo imizuzu engama-40, kanti ebusika ngo-20, bese uhlunga bese uthatha nsuku zonke ngama-2 - 3 amanani. Uma ukhetha, ungakwazi ukuphuza isiphuzo noju. Umuthi wendabuko uncoma ithuluzi ngisho nangezinhloso zokuvimbela.
Cedar elfin izinkuni
Ezindaweni ezincane ezihlangene nasezindaweni zangasese, izinhlobo ezincane ezikhulayo zezihlahla zikaphayini, okuthiwa i-cedar elfin (i-pineus pumila), zizobonakala zihle kakhulu. Izihlahla ezinjalo ezivundile zingachazwa ensimini yasemadwaleni, entshanini noma e-mixborder. Lezi zitshalo ezincane ezinamagatsha asakaza. Ababelethi baletha amafomu amaningi okuhlobisa, ahluke ezinhlobonhlobo zemikhosi: umuthi, izinyoni ezinwabuzelayo, okwenziwe ngesitsha. Engadini, lolu hlobo luhambisana kahle ezindaweni ezivikelwe emoyeni. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo - ububanzi obuvela kumamitha angu-30 -7 ububanzi bomqhele obuyi-25 cm - 12 amamitha. 
Ukuzikhethela kwemithi yemisedari iqukethe ama-cones amancane kakhulu, ukuvuthwa ngonyaka wesibili, futhi amahlumela amancane aqondiswe phezulu, ahlukaniswa nombala ohlaza ogcwele.
