Ukuthena kwe-Cherry: imithetho eyisisekelo nezinto zokucubungula zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene

Noma yimuphi umlimi otshala ama-cherries esakhiweni sakhe kufanele akwazi ukuhlawula isihlahla ukuze amnikeze izimo ezingcono kakhulu zentuthuko. Ukuze uqede ngempumelelo inqubo, udinga ukuzijwayeza imithetho eyisisekelo, kuya ngohlobo lwe-cherry nomphumela oyifunayo.

Izizathu zokuthena ama-cherries

Ukuthena kwe-Cherry kudlala indima enkulu ekugcineni impilo yesihlahla, futhi futhi ikuvumela ukuthi:

yakha umqhele kahle, onomthelela ekuthuthukisweni okungcono, izithelo ezinhle nokungazetheki okuhle;
khuphula umkhiqizo futhi uvuselele isihlahla. Njengoba umqhele we-cherry uhlobene kakhulu nezimpande, inani eliningi lamagatsha lilayisha kakhulu uhlelo lwezimpande, futhi ngeke likwazi ukuwanikeza ngokuphelele umuthi izakhi. Ukususa iningi lamahlumela angenakusebenza kuvumela i-cherry ukuthi iqondise amandla ekwakhekeni kwamagatsha amasha nokwakhiwa kwezithelo;
vikela izifo. Umqhele ongakhelwanga kahle uzokwazi ukuthola inani elanele lokukhanya kwelanga, okuzoba nomthelela omuhle ekuthuthukisweni kwesitshalo, futhi umoya omncane uzosebenza njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela ezifweni ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi izifo zesikhunta.

Abalimi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi akudingekile ukunquma ama-cherries, ngoba lokhu kungavusa ukopha. Kodwa isimo esinjalo sinokuvela kuphela lapho inani elikhulu lamagatsha lisikwa ngokushesha emqheleni.

Imithetho Yokuqothula

Ukuze unqume kahle, kubalulekile ukukhetha isikhathi esifanele, wazi ubuchwepheshe bokusika, futhi usebenzise ithuluzi elibukhali.

Isikhathi

Isikhathi sokunciphisa sincike emigomweni yakho:

ukuthenwa kokuqala kwenziwa ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokutshala, ngonyaka we-2-4 - ukusuka maphakathi no-Mashi kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, ngaphambi kokugeleza kwesiqu. Izinga lokushisa lomoya akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka -5^mayelanaC;
ukuthenwa kwenhlanzeko kwenziwa kahle ekwindla, ukusukela maphakathi no-Septhemba kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, ngemuva kokumisa ukugeleza kwe-sap. Ukushisa komoya kufanele kube -5-8^mayelanaC;
ukuthenwa kokuguga kungenziwa entwasahlobo nasekwindla ngasikhathi sinye futhi emazingeni okushisa afanayo njengezinye izinhlobo zokuthena.

Ukuhlikihla

Lapho ususa amahlumela amadala asendulo, kusetshenziswa “umsongo” ngamunye. Bhekisisa igatsha futhi uzokubona ukugeleza okumise okwendandatho ngaphansi kwaso. Nquma igatsha emaphethelweni aphezulu endandatho. Ungashiyi i-hemp futhi ungagundi kanye nendandatho - lokhu kusongela ukuvela kwesibaya, ukuqhekeka kwezinkuni nokubola kwegxolo.

Kuyadingeka ukwenza ukusikwa ngendlela efanele ukuze ungalimazi isihlahla

Uma udinga ukusika izinso zangaphandle (ngokwesibonelo, ukugwema ukuqina komqhele bese uqondisa igatsha), bese usika i-oblique (cishe u-45^mayelana) ebangeni eli-0,5 cm ukusuka ezingubeni ezibheke ngaphandle.

Ngokusika okwenziwe kahle, isendleleni nezinso

Amathuluzi

Ukuze unqume, uzodinga:

ama-secateurs (kulungele bona ukusika amagatsha amancanyana);
ama-Delimbers (okwazi ukubhekana namagatsha afinyelela ku-2.7 cm ubukhulu obukhona ekujuleni komqhele);
ingadi sawubona, ikakhulukazi lapho wenza izihlahla zokulwa nokuguga.

Ungakhohlwa ukugcoba izindawo zokuthena izihlahla nge-varnish engadini noma nge-varnish esekwe uwoyela, kanye namathuluzi okubulala amagciwane ukugwema ukutheleleka esihlahleni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, angabalwa ngomlilo, asulwe ngendwangu efakwe ngotshwala noma ngo-5% isixazululo se-sulfate yethusi.

Ukuthena okwakhayo kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zam Cherry

Izindlela zokwakheka komqhele zingahluka ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-cherry, kepha amacebo ngokwawo asendaweni yonke futhi angasebenza kunoma yisiphi isifunda.

Isihlahla sikaCherry

Ama-cherries ezihlahla avame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezingadini. Izinhlobo ezidumile:

I-Zhukovskaya
I-Turgenevka,
INord Star
Ibhodlela lipinki.

Isici saso esikhulu sikhiqiza amagatsha esihlahla sezimbali. Banikeza isivuno seminyaka engu-5, kodwa inqobo nje uma ubude babo bungaphansi kwama-30-50 cm.

Yonke imiqumbe yezihlahla ze-cherry ingahluma amahlumela amasha

Ithebula: Umqhele Wokubumba Isihlahla

Iminyaka ye-cherry, isikhathi sokutshala

Unyaka owodwa

Iminyaka emi-2

Iminyaka emithathu

Iminyaka emi-4

Imicimbi

Inketho 1 (yisithombo sonyaka ngaphandle kwamagatsha): uma uthenga isithombo ngaphandle kwamagatsha, usike sibe ngama-80 cm, bese ngonyaka olandelayo, uwuthume usebenzisa i-algorithm echazwe ngezansi.
Inketho 2 (ukuncipha ngonyaka ngamagatsha):

Yakha okujwayelekile, ususe wonke amahlumela kungakapheli amasentimitha angama-30 kuya kweleveli yomhlabathi.
Ukusuka amahlumela asendaweni engenhla, shiya u-4-5 osebenziseka kakhulu, obekwe ezinhlangothini zombili zesihlahla ebangeni le-10-15 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye futhi usuka esiqwini nge-engela ka-40^mayelananokuningi.
Nquma lezi amahlumela ukuze ubude bawo bungabi ngaphezu kwama-30 cm.
Fushanisa i-conductor ephakathi ukuze ikhuphuke ngo-15-25 cm ngaphezu kwegatsha eliseceleni elingenhla.

Inketho 3 (yisithombo esineminyaka emibili): uma ukhetha isithombo esineminyaka emibili esinamagatsha asevele ethambile, bese wenza lokho okwenzekayo kukholamu ethi “2 years”.

Khetha amahlumela aseceleni aqinile wonyaka we-2-3 ahlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zakho, bese uwasika ku-1/4. Uma ubude b amahlumela anjalo bungaphansi kwama-30 cm, khona-ke ungabathinti. Susa amagatsha asele aseceleni wonyaka.
Nquma wonke amahlumela akhula ngaphakathi komqhele, nakho konke ukukhula esiqwini.
Fushisa amahlumela e-skeletal ukuze ubude bawo bube yi-40 cm.
Ukukhula konyaka odlule, kusikwe ku-30 cm.

Khetha amahlumela aseceleni aqinile wonyaka we-2-3 ahlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo, azisike ku-1/4, asuse amagatsha asohlangothini wonyaka asele. Uma ubude bamahlumela asele bungaphansi kwama-30 cm, khona-ke ungawathinti.
Nquma wonke amahlumela akhula ngaphakathi komqhele futhi ususe konke ukukhula kwesiqu.
Sika ukukhula konyaka minyaka yonke ukuze ubude bawo bungangeqi kuma-40 cm.
Fushanisa amagatsha wamathambo abe ngu-60 cm.

Njengomthetho, ngalesi sikhathi umqhele we-cherry usekwe ngokuphelele futhi uqukethe ihlumela eliphakathi (ukuphakama okuphezulu - 2,5- m m) namagatsha wamathambo angama-8-10. Ukunciphisa ukukhula kwe-cherry, usike phezulu okungama-5 cm ngaphezu kwegatsha lamathambo eliseduze. Esikhathini esizayo, ama-cherries adinga kuphela ama-santi kanye nama-anti-aging trings.

Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-4, ama-cherries adinga ama-sanical and anti-ukuguga

Isihlahla se-Bush cherry

Ama-Cherry-bush (bush) ama-Cherry (i-Vladimirskaya, iBagryanaya) nawo akhule ngempumelelo ngabalimi abaningi. Ngokuphikisana nezinhlobo ezinjengezihlahla, izithelo ezinjengezihlahla ezihlahleni emagatsheni minyaka yonke. Esinye isici se-cherry enjalo ukuba khona kwegatsha lokukhula ekugcineni kwegatsha, ngakho-ke, uma kungekho magatsha kuso, alikwazi ukufinyezwa, ngaphandle kwalokho ihlumela lingoma.

Kukhona ihlumela lokukhula ekugcineni kwegatsha le-bushy cherry, ngakho-ke awukwazi ukufinyeza amagatsha

Ithebula: Ukwakhiwa komqhele we-Bush

Iminyaka ye-cherry, isikhathi sokutshala

Unyaka owodwa

Iminyaka emi-2

Iminyaka emithathu

Iminyaka emi-4

Imicimbi

Inketho 1 (yisithombo sonyaka ngaphandle kwamagatsha): uma uthenge izithombo ngaphandle kwamagatsha, bese ulinda kuze kube sentwasahlobo, bese ngonyaka olandelayo, uyihlanze usebenzisa i-algorithm echazwe ngezansi.
Inketho 2 (ukuncipha ngonyaka ngamagatsha):

Yenza i-shtamb, usike onke amahlumela asohlangothini kungama-30 cm ukusuka ezingeni lomhlabathi.
Sika ihlumela eliphakathi nendawo ukuze izithombo zingabi ngaphezu kwama-80 cm ubude.
Shiya ama-5-7 amahlumela aphumelela kakhulu atholakala ezinhlangothini ezihlukile zesithombo ebangeni le-8-10 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. I-engeli yokunamathiselwa esiqwini - hhayi ngaphansi kwama-40^mayelana. Sika amagatsha asele.

Inketho 3 (isithombo esineminyaka emibili): uma utshala imbewu eneminyaka engu-2 ubudala enamagatsha asevele ethambile, bese wenza lokho okwenziwe kukholamu “yeminyaka emi-2”.

Susa konke ukukhula kwesiqu.
Khetha u-3-4 amahlumela aseceleni aqine ahlangabezana nezidingo ezifanayo. Susa amahlumela asohlangothini asele.
Sika wonke amahlumela wonyaka akhula ngaphakathi komqhele.

Landela izinyathelo ezifanayo nezangonyaka owedlule.

Njengomthetho, ngalesi sikhathi umqhele we-cherry kufanele ubunjiwe ekugcineni futhi uqukethe ihlumela eliphakathi (ukuphakama okuphezulu - 2-2,5 m) kanye namagatsha wamathambo angama-12-15. Ukunciphisa ukukhula kwe-cherry, usike phezulu okungama-5 cm ngaphezu kwegatsha lamathambo eliseduze. Esikhathini esizayo, ama-cherries adinga kuphela ama-santi kanye nama-anti-aging trings.

Lapho izihlahla ezinamathela ezinamathelayo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amagatsha awanakufinyezwa

Ukuthena uCherry Felt

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-cherries azwayo yi-pubescence of amahlumela namaqabunga, kanye nama-pedicel amafushane, ngenxa yokuthi izimbali nezithelo "zinamathela" amahlumela.

Amajikijolo we-felt cherry ahlelwe ngokuqinile egatsheni.

Ithebula: Ukuhlelwa Komqhele We-Felt Cherry

Iminyaka ye-cherry, isikhathi sokutshala	Unyaka owodwa	Iminyaka emi-2	Iminyaka emithathu	Iminyaka emi-4
Imicimbi	Khetha u-3-4 amahlumela aqine kakhulu akhula kusuka ekhanda lesihlahla, bese uwagawula endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha angama-30-50. Susa amahlumela asele akhula endaweni efanayo. Nquma konke ukukhula kumacici akhethiwe abe ngu-1/3 wobude. Uma kukhona amagatsha ku-cherry akhula ngaphakathi komqhele, bese uwasusa.	Khetha amahlumela angama-3-5 anamandla wonyaka aqhamuka ekhanda lesihlahla, asuse onke amahlumela afanayo. On amahlumela wonyaka, usike ukukhula ngo-1/3. Sika amahlumela we-biennial ngo-1/4. Kumahlumela we-biennial, usike ukukhula ngo-1/3. Susa wonke amagatsha akhula ngaphakathi komqhele.	Khetha amahlumela angama-3-5 anamandla wonyaka aqhamuka ekhanda lesihlahla, asuse onke amahlumela afanayo. On amahlumela wonyaka, usike ukukhula ngo-1/3. Sika amahlumela weminyaka emibili ukuze ubude bawo bungabi ngaphezu kwama-40 cm. Sika amahlumela weminyaka emithathu ukuze ubude bawo bungangeqi kuma-60 cm. Susa wonke amagatsha akhula ngaphakathi komqhele.	Njengomthetho, isihlahla sinamagatsha angama-10-12 wamathambo futhi siyakhiwa. Esikhathini esizayo, ama-cherries adinga kuphela ama-santi kanye nama-anti-ukuguga, kanye nokugcina ukuphakama okuthile (2-2,5 m).

Ukuze uthole isihlahla se-cherry esizwe, kumele minyaka yonke ushiye amahlumela aqinile akhula kusuka ekhanda lezimpande

Izihlahla zokuhlanzeka

Ukuthenwa kwenhlanzeko kuvame ukwenziwa ngonyaka noma kube kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-2.

Ithebhulethi: ukwenza kanjani ukuthenwa kokuhlanzeka kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamakheli

Uhlobo lwe-cherry	-Ngathi Sihlahla	Bushy	Felt
Imicimbi	ukususwa kwamagatsha enza umqhele (njengomthetho, amagatsha anjalo akhula ngaphakathi); izihlahla zokuthena 1/7 zobude ukukhuthaza ukwakheka kwamagatsha esitsha sezimbali.	ukususwa kwamagatsha akhula ngaphakathi komqhele; ukuthena amagatsha aneminyaka emibili ubudala nangaphezulu egatsheni lokuqala le-lateral uma kunesidingo (igatsha ekugcineni liphukile noma lide ngokweqile).	ukususwa kwamagatsha enza umqhele; ukuthenwa kwamahlumela ngo-1/3, uma ubude bawo bungaphezu kuka-60 cm.

Ngemuva kokulungisa, uqoqe udoti uwushise.

Ividiyo: Imithetho yokuthena ama-cherry

Ukuthena okudala ukuguga

Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi izihlahla ze-cherry ziphila iminyaka eyi-12-15, izihlahla zokuqala ukulwa nokuguga kufanele zenziwe lapho lesi sitshalo sifinyelela eminyakeni engu-8. Olunye uphawu olukhombisa isidingo sokuvuselelwa kabusha kwama cherries ezihlahla ukuncipha kobude bokukhula minyaka yonke kuya ku-20 cm, nasehlathini - kuvezwa iziphetho zamagatsha. Ama-cherries we-Felt awunazo izimpawu ezinjalo, ngakho-ke gxila kubudala kanye nesivuno.

Kungcono ukwenza izihlahla zokulwa nokuguga hhayi ngokushesha ngokuphelele, kodwa kungakapheli iminyaka engu-2-3 ukuze i-cherry ingalahli amagatsha amaningi futhi ingagundi.

I-Trimming Algorithm:

Susa amagatsha amadala, abunile, asontekile, kubandakanya nalawo enamathambo.
Susa amahlumela ezimpande.
E-cherry esihlahleni, sika amagatsha asele e-skeleal ukuze ungene egatsheni lokuqala eliqinile le-lateral ngaphandle (ubale kusukela phezulu), susa amagatsha angeziwe (ngokwesibonelo, maphakathi nomqhele), bese unqamulela amagatsha asele ku-40-45 cm kusso esingezansi.
Kuma-cherries e-bush, usike namagatsha lwamathambo egatsheni lokuqala elinamandla le-lateral. Susa ukukhula okuqina kakhulu. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi akunconywe ukufinyeza amahlumela, ukuze unganciphisi isivuno futhi ungalimazi ukukhula okuthe xaxa kwehlumela. Uma udinga ngempela ukunqamulela noma yiliphi igatsha, bese ulinquma egatsheni eliseceleni.
Ama-cherries azwayo, kunconywa ukususa ukukhula okweqile bese usika amahlumela 1/3 futhi ukuze ufinyelele ubude obungu-60 cm.

Ukunqunyelwa kokuhumusha (igatsha eliseceleni) kufanele kwenziwe ngaphandle komqhele

Ukuthena ama-cherries akuwona umcimbi onzima futhi kungaphezu kwamandla wanoma yimuphi umlimi. Landela zonke izincomo futhi ngokuqinisekile uzonikeza i-cherry yakho ngezimo ezinhle kakhulu zokukhula, futhi isihlahla sikubonga ngesivuno sekhwalithi.