UFicus Melanie ungummeleli weqembu elikhulu lamakhiwane enjoloba enjoloba, inqwaba ethandwa kakhulu izitshalo ezinamanzi. Ukumnakekela akufani nokunakekela yonke i-ficus, okungukuthi, kuzothatha okungenani ukunakekelwa kwakho kanye nemizamo yokwenza umuthi ohlaza uzwakale ukhululekile. Ukuqukethwe okungaxhunyiwe nokubukeka okukhanyayo kuchaza ukuthandwa kwe-ficus Melanie phakathi kwabalimi be-novice nabathandi bezitshalo.
Incazelo nesithombe
Lolu hlobo lwe-ficus lwalwakhiwa ngabalimi baseDashi abavela ezihlotsheni ze-Decor. 
Lesi sitshalo sinomshini ohlangene, awukhuli, kodwa ohlangothini nalo lonke isihlahla, okwenza kube lula ukwakha umqhele omuhle futhi unikeze lesi sitshalo inani elikhulu lokuhlobisa.
Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo, ngokuvamile u-ficus uMelanie ukhethwe ukufakwa kumafasitela ewindi noma amanye amapulatifomu amancane.
Sincoma ukuthi uzijwayele ngemininingwane yokunakekela i-rubic ficus, indlela yokwenza umqhele we-rubic ficus, futhi ufunde ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo nezifo zale ficus.
Ukuvela kwezitshalo
Ngokwemvelo, izitshalo zenjoloba ye-rubber zikhula zibe ngamasayizi amakhulu (30-40 m), noma kunjalo Izinhlobonhlobo zikaMelanie zikhula ngokuphakama kwamamitha angama-30-60 kuphela, kuyisihlahla esihle kakhulu.
Ekuqaleni, lesi sihlahla sinomuthi owodwa oqinile, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile isistimu yezimpande evamile iqala ukususa izimpande zendawo, ngenxa yokuthi lesi sitshalo sithole isiteketiso ngokuthi "umuthi wenyoka."
Lesi sitshalo sikhulu kulabo abathanda amahlathi, hhayi izimbali, ngoba ekhaya ficus Melanie ayiqhakaziukuthi kufanele nakanjani ucabange lapho uthenga. 
Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwemithetho elula yokunakekelwa, i-ficus iyakwazi ukukhulula ngokushesha amaqabunga amasha - eyodwa ngeviki, kuyilapho wonke amahlamvu aphansi egcinwa.
Amaqabunga aminyene kakhulu, anesikhumba, ama-oblong anomumo ngamathiphu aqondile, aphikisiwe kancane, angadluli ubude obuyi-15 cm, futhi ububanzi buyi-6-8 cm.
Engxenyeni engenhla yamaqabunga asemnyama okwesibhakabhaka ehlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nge-streak elula, ohlangothini olungemuva ludwetshwe umbala omnqumo okhanyayo, umbala obomvu futhi obunzima kuya othintweni, ohlukaniswe kahle ngemifino ebomvu.
Amaqabunga ahlelwe kakhulu kwi-stem, ama-internodes anama-1-2 cm kuphela, ngokwesilinganiso ama-10 cm we-stem afinyelela emaqabunga angu-6-8.
Uyazi? Kwezinye izingxenye zaseNdiya, izimpande zensiza zenjoloba-ficus zisetshenziselwa ukwakha amabhuloho wokumiswa bukhoma. Ezinye izakhiwo eziqinile kakhulu zikwazi ukumelana nesisindo sabantu abangamashumi amahlanu. Ukukhula ibhuloho kungathatha iminyaka engu-10-15, kodwa izakhiwo zikwazi ukuzivuselela, ngakho-ke impilo yabo yokusebenza ifika eminyakeni engu-500-600. Lolu hlobo lobuciko lubizwa ngokuthi i-arbosculpture futhi luye lwasetshenzwa amakhulu eminyaka.
Umsuka nokusabalalisa
Emvelweni, ikhula emazweni anomoya ofudumayo nomswakama - enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-India, iziqhingi zase-Indonesia zaseSumatra naseJava.
NgokweBuddha, kukholelwa ukuthi i-ficus iyisitshalo esingcwele esiletha uthando, ukuchuma nenjabulo endlini.
Indlela yokukhetha i-ficus uma uthenga
Lapho ukhetha isilwane esitolo esitolo, landela lezi zeluleko.:
- Yenza okuthandayo isitshalo esincane, ngoba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi izinto eziguquguqukayo ze-ficus ziyancishiswa, futhi kungase kube nzima ukugxila ezincane ze-microclimate.
- Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuthenga kusentwasahlobo-ehlobo, kusukela ngalesi sikhathi kulula ukuba isitshalo sivumelane nezimo zendlu entsha.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlola amaqabunga e-ficus kusuka enhlangothini yangaphandle nangemuva: akufanele abe yizindawo ezinombala noma ezimhlophe, ukukhula - lezi zimpawu zikhombisa lesi sifo.
- Hlanganisa lesi sitshalo kancane noma ugijime isandla sakho ngokumelene nokukhula kwamaqabunga - esimweni esiphelele wonke amahlamvu kufanele ahlale endaweni, ngaphandle kwalokho wenqaba ukuthenga lesi sitshalo.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze uthole umqashi omusha omusha, qiniseka ukuthi uhlela ukuhlukanisa amasonto angu-2-3. Qaphela ukuthi kukhona izinambuzane noma izifo esitshalweni (lokhu kuzosindisa ezinye izimila endlini ngokutheleleka).
Izimo zokukhula kwe-ficus
Kunezimo ezikhulayo kakhulu zokukhula ze-ficus. Noma kunjalo, ukhumbule ukuthi isici esiyinhloko salesi sitshalo singenakuzithoba, ngakho-ke ngisho namaphutha amancane nokungaqondakali ekunakekeleni ngeke kuthinte ubuhle nesimo sesilwane sakho.
Ukukhanyisa nendawo
Ukuze ukutshala kwe-ficus Melanie ukuthola indawo ekhanyisiwe efulethini, lapho ilanga eliqondile elingawa khona, okukwazi ukushisa amaqabunga. Futhi indawo kufanele ibe ngaphandle kwemidwebo. 
Usuku olukhanyayo kufanele lube ngamahora angu-12-14, ngakho-ke lapho ubumnyama obusika bokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, kufanele usebenzise ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe. Kancane kancane, i-ficus izodonsa wonke amaqabunga emithonjeni yokukhanya, ngakho-ke ukwakheka komqhele omuhle nokulingana, ibhodlela lizodinga ukushintshaniswa ngezikhathi ezithile.
Lesi sitshalo sigxile kahle eningizimu yefulethi, kodwa uma kungenjalo kungenzeka, kuyozizwa kahle ngisho nasesiteleni lesenyakatho. Uma ukukhanya kuphansi kakhulu, lesi sitshalo sinciphisa ekukhuleni futhi singaphinde silahle amahlamvu.
Zijwayeze ngezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu ze-ficus, ikakhulukazi nge-lyre, myocarp no-Benjamin ficus, futhi ufunde nendlela yokukhiqiza i-ficus ekhaya.
Ukushisa nomswakama
UFicus Melanie uyakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphakathi kuka-16-30 ° C. Noma kunjalo, izinkomba ezijwayelekile zilungile - 20-25 ° C. Uma i-thermometer iphakama ephakeme ngesikhathi sasehlobo, nikeza okunye okupakisayo nokusula amahlamvu ngesiponji esincane.
Ebusika, isihlahla kufanele sigcinwe ku-16-18 ° С. Ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa ngezansi + 12 ° C kungaholela ekuqandeni kwenqubo yezimpande, ukulahlekelwa kwamahlamvu nokufa kwesitshalo.
Azikho izidingo ezikhethekile zokungcola komoya - i-ficus izwa kahle kahle ngomswakama ovamile we-40-60%. Kodwa-ke, ngezinsuku zasehlobo ezishisa kakhulu noma ngenkathi yokushisa, amaqabunga kufanele asuswe ngeponji elincane, eshaweni noma efafazwe ngesibhamu sophethi. 
Ukwakheka komhlaba
Ikhetha inhlabathi enomsoco nge-drainage enhle nokuphefumulela, izinga leP kumele lingabi namandla noma lingacacile.
Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi inhlabathi yezitshalo ezincane nezomdala zihluke ekubunjweni - izitshalo ezincane zenjabulo zikhetha inhlabathi engavamile, kodwa emva kweminyaka engu-2-3 kuyadingeka ukwengeza i-sod noma i-humus emhlabathini.
Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuthi ufunde indlela yokuthatha inhlabathi ye-ficus.
Ungagcina isikhathi nomzamo futhi uthenge ingxube eyenziwe ngomumo ku-ficus. Akunzima futhi ukulungisa ukubunjwa okulungile kwalezi zakhi:
- Isitshalo esincane: 1 ingxenye yama humus, peat nesihlabathi.
- Isitshalo somdala: 1 ingxenye ye-peat, isihlabathi, i-turf kanye nomhlaba weqabunga.
- Ngomuthi omdala (ukhetho 2): izingxenye ezimbili ze-humus ne-sod land, 1 ingxenye yesihlabathi.
Qinisekisa ukuthi wenza uhlaka oluhle lobumba obunwetshiwe, isihlabathi sokhuni, isihlabathi esinomhlabathi noma i-rubble. Kungcono ukhethe ubumba obunwetshiwe - lokhu okubonakalayo okubumbeni kuyakwazi ukukhipha uketshezi oludlulayo kanye nomanyolo, futhi uma kunesidingo - buyiselwe emhlabathini.Kubalulekile! HAkufanele kube okucacile - le ngxenye igcina umswakama, imonakalisa amanzi, enomphumela omubi kakhulu ohlelweni lwempande kanye nesitshalo lonke.
UFicus Melanie: ukunakekela ekhaya
Ukunakekela i-ficus i-Melanie ithela njengento edingekayo, ukondla njalo, ukusika izihlahla kanye nokufakelwa kabusha. Okulandelayo, sibheka ngokuningiliziwe ngenqubo ngayinye.
Ukunisela
Ayikho isimiso esinamandla sokunisela i-ficus - isidingo somswakama womhlabathi siyoxhomeka kumswakama ekamelweni, izinga lokushisa emoyeni, ukwakheka komhlabathi kanye nezakhiwo, iminyaka yokutshala nokukhanyisa indawo.
Kubalulekile ukulandela umthetho oyisisekelo: umhlabathi ebhodweni kufanele wome ngokuphelele noma uhlale kancane emanzini.
Ukuze uqiniseke ngesidingo sokugcoba, ungajulisa umunwe engxenyeni yobumba ngamasentimitha amathathu - uma umhlaba uhlala eminwe yakho, khona-ke umswakama ukwanele, kodwa uma ubhidliza noma uqina kakhudlwana, sekuyisikhathi sokukhipha isilwane sakho.
Ngesikhathi sehlobo, ukuchelela kumele kube namanzi amaningi - amanzi kufanele athululelwe embizeni izikhathi eziningana ukuze uqale ukuvela emgqeni. Ngemuva kwesigamu sehora, khipha amanzi epanini. Ebusika, ukuchelela kumele kube okulinganiselayo, ngoba ukungcola ngokweqile kuyingozi kakhulu kwisitshalo, ikakhulukazi uma kugcinwa emazingeni aphansi okushisa. 
Ukuphalaza kufanele kwenziwe nge-humidification enganele ngokomoya, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sokushisa nokushisa kakhulu ehlobo. Ukunisela nokupuniza, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amanzi ahlukene ekamelweni lokushisa.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nemithetho yokunisela i-ficus.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Yondla i-ficus Melanie idinga izikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga ngenkathi efudumele, futhi 1 isikhathi ngenyanga ngenkathi yekwindla nobusika. Umanyolo ungasetshenziswa ngosuku lokuchelela noma olulandelayo (kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi inhlabathi yayimanzi).
Kungcono ukunikeza okuthandwayo kumfutho we-mineral liquid. Kungakapheli inyanga eyodwa emva kokufakelwa kwesilwane esisendlini esinezikhukhula, akunakwenzeka. Ukusetshenziswa kokugqoka okuphezulu kungashisa izimpande, ngaphandle kwalokho, enhlanganisweni enhlabathini entsha, inani lezakhi zanele.
Ukwakheka komqhele kanye nomqhele
Ukunciphisa kunconywa ekupheleni kwebusika noma kwentwasahlobo. Kwanele ukusika ama-internodes angu-5 kusuka phezulu kweziqu. Ngenxa yale nqubo, lesi sitshalo sizoqala ukushayela kahle futhi sihlathini, kuyoba mkhulu kakhulu. 
Lo mphumela ungafinyelelwa, uma isikhathi esithile i-ficus isungulwe esikhundleni sokugxila - hhayi ukuhluma okuphezulu, kodwa i-lateral, izokhula, ngakho-ke isitshalo sizokhula ngokubanzi.
Kubalulekile! Ukuphanga kuyadingeka ukwenza amagilavu - ijusi lokutshala linezinto ezinobuthi ezingabangela ukucasula isikhumba esinzima.
Ukufakelwa
Kubalulekile ukutshala izilwane zasendlini ngonyaka, ekupheleni kwebusika. Kubalulekile ukhethe ibhodlela kuphela elikhulu kakhulu kunalokudlule (2-3 cm). Uma ngokushesha uhlwanyela isitshalo esincane ngamandla amaningi, kuzokhula uhlelo lwempande, kodwa ingxenye yomhlabathi iyoba ngemuva kokukhula.
Ngomuthi omdala (ngemuva kweminyaka emine), ukufakelwa kokutshala kuyadingeka kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo 3-5 cm ibhola elingaphezulu lomhlaba lingashintshwa njalo ngonyaka. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi lesi sitshalo sidinga ibhodlela elibanzi elingaba yizizathu ezilandelayo:
- inhlabathi iyoma ngokushesha kakhulu ngemuva kokumisa;
- izimpande zagcwalisa imbiza ngokugcwele futhi yaqala ukuhluma emigodini yemigodi noma phezulu.
I-Ficus Melanie akufanele ifakwe kabusha, okungukuthi, ukuguqulwa, okungukuthi, akuhlukanisi i-clod yobumba ezimpandeni ekuguquleni ibhodlela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha isitsha esisha, ubeke ungqimba lwamanzi uphinde uthele ingxube encane yenhlabathi (ilungile noma yenziwe ngokuvumelana nezilinganiso ezingenhla).
Ividiyo: ukufakelwa kwe-ficus Melanie Ngokulandelayo, usebenzisa i-scapula, isitshalo kumele sisuswe ngokucophelela kusitsheni esidala ngaphandle kokuphazamisa izimpande. Bese ufaka isitsha esisha, ugcwalise lonke isikhala ngomhlabathi uphinde uthele.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungathatha kanjani ibhodlela, uphinde ufake i-ficus ekhaya.
Izici zokuzala
UFicus Melanie ungasakazwa ngezindlela eziningana:
- Amahlumela ama-apical noma ama-lateral. Zinqunywe kangangokuthi zikhona amaqabunga 2-3 emahlumela, asikho isidingo sokucubungula ukusika. Ukudubula kufakwa emanzini ukukhipha ijusi elimnandi. Khona-ke uketshezi lufakwa esikhundleni esisha, luhlanganiswe nephakheji ukudala ukushisa okuncane futhi kulindele ukuthi izimpande zivele. Ukusheshisa inqubo, ungakwazi ukwengeza isithuthukisi sokukhula ngokwemiyalo. Lapho izimpande zakhiwa, ukuphunyuka kungasetshenziswa kufakwe emgodini nomhlabathi.
- Izakhiwo ze-AirLe ndlela yinkimbinkimbi futhi inikeza amathuba amancane okuba nomphumela ophumelelayo, ikakhulukazi abahlolisisi abangenalwazi. Kunoma yikuphi indawo, isiqu kufanele sikhishwe ku-1/3 yobuningi, faka i-toothpick noma ulingane ngaphakathi (ukuze ingabuyi ndawonye ndawonye), gqoka nge-peat phezulu bese ugoqa ngesikhwama seplastiki. Lapho izimpande zivela, isiqu kufanele sinqunywe ngaphansi kwesayithi lokungena futhi sitshalwe ebhodweni elihlala njalo.
Flower izinambuzane nezifo
Naphezu kokungahloniphi kwalesi sitshalo, ekukhuleni kungabhekana nezinkinga ezithile, izinambuzane nezifo. Izikhalazo ezivame kakhulu uma ukhula izitshalo:
- Ukuwa amahlamvu. Isizathu singase sibe umswakama ngokweqile noma ukungabi nomswakama emhlabathini, ukungabi namandla okukhanya, ukwehla okushisa okushisayo, ukutholakala kokuhlelwa ekamelweni. Ukulungisa inkinga, udinga ukubukeza izimo zesitshalo.
- Amahlamvu aphuzi. Kulesi simo, imithetho yokunakekelwa nokugcinwa kwempahla iphinde iphulwe. Ngokuvamile amahlamvu athola i-tint ephuzi ngaphambi kokuwa, kodwa phakathi kwezinye izizathu umuntu angakwazi ukukhipha lokhu: umanyolo owengeziwe (kubalulekile ukuthululela amanzi amaningi phezu kwe-ficus futhi ungadli izinyanga ezingu-2), ibhodlela elikhulu (ukufakelwa kabusha kuzosiza) inhlabathi), izimpande ezibola (isidingo sokususa izindawo ezilimele).
- Ukungabi nokukhula. Kungenzeka ngokuntuleka kokukhanyisa, ibhodlela elincane, noma inani elanele lomanyolo.
- Amabala amnyama emagqabeni. Khombisa ukushisa kwelanga noma umanyolo owedlulele.
Uyazi? Phakathi kwezinkulungwane zezinhlobo ze-ficus, kukhona ama-ficus-stranglers. Basebenzisa isitshalo esiyinhloko njengenkxaso, bathathe izimpande emoyeni, kancane kancane baqinise ukugxila futhi bafake isitshalo-ukwesekwa kuze kumile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo ezinjalo ze-ficus azizona izidumbu, ngoba azithathi izakhi ezisekela isitshalo.
Ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungafanele, isitshalo singabuye sihlaselwe yizinambuzane noma izifo.
- Shchitovka. Ukubukeka kwalezi zinambuzane kuyingozi kakhulu esimweni saleso sitshalo - izinambuzane ezincane zihlasela amaqabunga neziqu futhi zondla amajusi, kuze kufike isitshalo. Bheka njengezinhlamvu ezincane (kufika ku-4 mm) zombala obomvu noma oqinile. Uma kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa kwama-scythes, amahlamvu neziqu kufanele asuswe ngesiponji esinywe emanzini asozini. Izingxenye ezilimaza kakhulu zalesi sitshalo zinganqunywa, bonke abanye bangaphathwa ngokulungiswa kwe-Actellic ngokwemiyalelo.
- Isibungu se-spider Kusuka egameni liyacaca ukuthi ungabona ukuthi kukhona khona izinambuzane ngokutholakala kwewebhu elimhlophe. Isizathu esivame kakhulu ukuthi umoya oshisayo omile kakhulu ekamelweni. Ukuqeda umklomelo, kubalulekile ukuthi uphefule futhi usule amahlamvu kaningi nge-sponge eyimvula.
- Thrips. Uma uhlaselwa lezi zinambuzane, izibonelo ezigulayo kudingeka zihlukaniswe, zihlanza amaqabunga phansi ngaphansi kweshado, zithathele inhlabathi bese ugeza imbiza. Khona-ke izitshalo zingelashwa ngamalungiselelo okuthi "Actellic" noma "Fitoverm" (ukuze kube nokusebenza okukhulu ngemuva kokwelapha, izimbali zimbozwa isikhwama seplastiki ngosuku).
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezifo ze-ficus, ukuthi ungabhekana kanjani nezibungu zesicabucabu nezihlangu ezitshalweni zasendlini, kanye nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ze-fungicides ezisetshenziselwa ukutshala izitshalo zasendlini.
UFicus Melanie uyinhlangano enhle kakhulu yokulima ihhovisi noma ifulethini. Ayithathi isikhala esiningi, kulula kakhulu ukuyihlanza, ibukeka ingahle kunoma iyiphi ingaphakathi futhi ihlanzeke kahle emoyeni.
Uma ungenayo isipiliyoni ekukhuleni izitshalo zasendlini, isibonelo esinjalo siyoba yindlela efanelekayo yokuqala emakhaleni. 
Impendulo evela kubasebenzisi benethiwekhi
