I-Astra imbali - ukuthi ibukeka kanjani, imibala yamacembe

Kunzima ukuphendula ngokungangabazeki embuzweni wokuthi izimbali ze-aster zibukeka kanjani, umndeni wakwa-Astrov mkhulu kakhulu. Kunamaqembu ezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-40 ahlukile ngesimo, ubukhazikhazi bama-inflorescence, ukuphakama kwesihlahla, ukwakheka kwamaqabunga, isikhathi sezimbali. Ama-Asters abizwa ngokuthi izimbali ezincane ze-alpine meadow ezifana nama-daisies, nama-chic Chinese callistefus, adidaniswa kalula nama-chrysanthemums.

I-Astra - luhlobo luni lwembali yengadi, umndeni okungeyakhe

Isiko lamagama lithathwe egameni lesi Latin "aster". Izinguqulo ezihunyushwe zegama elithi "inkanyezi" zilulimi lwakudala lwesiGreek, pra-Indo-European.

I-Asters engadini

I-Astra imbali evela kuhlobo lwezinhlobo zamakhemikhali omndeni we-Asteraceae. Ama-inflorescences-obhasikidi ayizinhlobo ezintathu zezimbali:

• okuguqukayo;
• amashubhu;
• umhlanga.

I-Astra ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-rose rose. Izinhlobo ze-duchess peony zihlukaniswa ngemithunzi ebucayi, efihlekile efihlekile

Emhlabeni kunezinhlobo ezingama-600 zezimbali. Ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo, i-asters:

• ukhule njengezimbali ezithengiswayo;
• isetshenziswa ekubonweni komhlaba kwemibhede yezimbali nama-slide e-alpine;
• amabhaluni, izingogo, izindawo ezivulekile ezihlobisa izihlahla ezimangalisa kakhulu.

Izitshalo ezimangazayo ziyehluka ngokuya ngezimbali, zijabulisa iso kusuka entwasahlobo kuye ekwindla sekwephuzile. Kunezinhlobo zonyaka nezikhathi zonyaka, eziningi zazo zinamagama azo.

Incazelo emfushane, umlando wemvelaphi noma ukukhetha

I-China kubhekwe njengendawo yokuzalwa lembali, ukusuka lapho ngekhulu le-XVIII asters beza eYurophu. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-asters zasendle zitholakala eJapan, Korea, eMongolia naseMpumalanga Ekude. Ososayensi bamazwe amaningi aseYurophu, iMelika yangenelwa ekukhetheni. Izinhlobonhlobo ezivela eFrance, eJalimane, ePoland, eDenmark, eSweden ziyaziwa. Izinhlobo eziningi ezifuywayo zazaluswa. Ama-Asters esiteshi sokuzalela iVoronezh athandwa kakhulu.

Ama-Asters ayizitshalo zasehlathini ezinezindebe eziqinile, ezinesinwele, eziqinile. Amaqabunga e-aster ayaqhekeka ezinhlotsheni zisetshenziswa, ahlanganiswe ngonyaka. Zikhula zinkulu ngaphansi, zincanyana ngenhla. Isistimu yezimpande ze-asters i-fibrous.

Ku-aster enemibala emithathu, izinhlobo zezimbali ziyahluka ngokusobala. Isigaxa esenziwe ngamaqabunga amancane sibukeka sihle

Lapho i-asters iqhakaza

Into esemqoka i-aster inflorescence, encazelweni yezinhlobonhlobo, izinhlobo ezimbili zezimbali zivame ukuhlukaniswa:

• amashubhu, afana nezinsimbi ezincanyana ezinde, zitholakala enkabeni yebhasikidi, zakha amabhokisi embewu;
• umhlanga ukhula ngaphandle kwe-inflorescence emgqeni owodwa noma ngaphezulu.

Ama-Real petals anika izimbali ukwakheka okuhlukile, kukhona:

• mncane;
• kusontekile
• ngqo;
• ukugoba ngaphezulu;
• hlangana;
• scapular;
• i-oval;
• -bunjwe ngenaliti.

Ama-inflorescences ahluka kububanzi:

• amancane kusuka ku-1.5 kuye ku-4 cm;
• maphakathi ne-4 cm, ngaphansi kuka-6 cm;
• kukhulu kufinyelela ku-decimeter;
• likhulu kakhulu i-17-19 cm.

Kwesimo:

• isicaba ngomugqa owodwa noma ngaphezulu wezikhwanyana zomhlanga;
• i-flat-round kancane iphakanyisiwe enkabeni;
• i-hemispherical enesikhungo se-tubular kanye nemiphetho yomhlanga;
• oyindilinga, oqukethe amacembe we-tubular noma umhlanga wezimo ezahlukahlukene (isisonga esisheshayo cishe singabonakali).

Amabhasikidi ayakhula:

• esiqwini esiphakathi (imvamisa kungesikhulu);
• amahlumela oku-oda kokuqala (aqhamuka esiqwini);
• i-oda lesibili (livela amahlumela we-oda lokuqala).

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezimbali ezinamagama ezinhlobo ezithandwayo, ukuthi zibukeka kanjani

Igama lezinhlobo ze-asters livame ukuhlotshaniswa nokwakheka nokwakheka kwamahlamvu, luhlobo luni lwezimbali olukhona.

Ngendlela, izimbali ezibanzi kakhulu ku-inflorescence, kutholakala imbewu ethe xaxa. I-efihlekile isikwa ngesimo sezulu esomile ngemuva kokuphamba kwe-petals. Khama egumbini elinomoya opholile, elifudumele nelomile.

I-aster ye-pompom yonyaka cishe iqukethe izimbali ze-tubular kuze kube ngu-2 cm ubude.

Ababhali

I-hot-aster engadini yesitshalo esithandanayo ihlala kuhlobo oluhlukile lonyaka lwezinhlobo zeCallistephus chinensis. Lawa angama-inflorescences amakhulu-obhasikidi on the stalk high (single noma branching engxenyeni engenhla).

Okungenasisekelo

Kusetshenziselwa ukuklama iziza, izindawo zasemadolobheni. I-perennial shrub engazibekezeli, i-greenery. Ama-buds amelana neqhwa ukuya ku--5 ° C, ebusika kahle, akhula ngokushesha.

Izinhlobo ezidumile:

• I-aster-high aster ekwindla kaJenny ekwindla enamacala amaningi omugqa opinki, oyisisekelo esiphakanyisiwe kusuka kuma-tubular buds;
• izinhlobo eziphakeme kakhulu zaseLady eBlue, izinhlobo eziningi ze-septemberin ezinamabhasikidi afinyelela ku-4 cm ubukhulu;
• ukubuka kwe-Gremlin nge-acoresular lush inflorescence;
• Izinhlobonhlobo zika-Anderson zifana ne-chamomile yasekhemisi.

I-aster entsha yase-Belgian aster uMaria Ballard ayiphansi ebuhleni kunonyaka. Amabhulogi izinyanga ezimbili

I-Dwarf

Sebenzisa utshani be-alpine, ama-balconies wokuqamba. Ukuphakama okuncane kakhulu kwezinhlobonhlobo zeMonpassier, kuphela amasentimitha ayi-15. I-Pinocchio, ihlobo, i-Curb aster ikhula ize ibe ngu-25 cm. Kancane phezulu, kuze kube ngu-35 cm, izinhlobo iMilady, i-Olympiad, iLiliput, Scarlett, i-Triumph. Imvamisa bathengisa ukuxubana kwemibala ehlukile kusuka kokumhlophe kuya kofihlo olumnyama.

Okuphakathi

Izinhlobo ezidumile zeHarlequin zingamhlophe, i-apricot, isalmon, ipinki, ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka onamaqabunga we-hemispherical buds. Ukuze usike, izinhlobo zeDaria, i-Assol, uMakoti, ibhola le-raspberry, i-Rita, uSomnandi nabanye sezikhulile. Ukubukwa Okuhle kakhulu Rackley kuyaziswa ngemibala emibili noma emithathu esihlahleni esisodwa.

Isikhathi eside

Iziqu zamamitha we-aster Symphony emhlophe zithweswa umqhele ngama-spherical terry inflorescences anesilinganiso esingamasentimitha afinyelela ku-9. Ama-got serotypes anemibala ehlukahlukene akha isihlahla se-pyramidal size sibe ngamasentimitha angama-80, ama-buds angama-terry afinyelela ku-12 cm. Olunye uhlobo olukhethiwe lweLady Coral. Ihluka ngombala kusuka ku-aster ophuzi kuya kofi onsomi. Ubungako bama-inflorescence bufika ku-17 cm.

I-aster emhlophe ifu lendawo yonke, yakha isihlahla esisabalele.

Amaphampu

Hlukanisa enanini elikhulu lama-inflorescence ayindilinga. U-Alena luhlobo oluphakathi nendawo oluhlaza okubomvu. I-Larar engemuva kwebala elimise okwenziwe ibhola, yonkana. Erfur emfushane - ngaphansi, emngceleni asters. Amakhosazana axube, uNatasha, u-Anita ayaziswa.

Inaliti

Amahlanga emhlanga amancane anokwazi ukugoqa. Ingxubevange ye-Alice yezimbali zokuqala, yaminyaka yonke, ububanzi be-bud kufika ku-11 cm. Ngaso leso sikhathi, kuvezwa ama-buds afinyelela ku-16. I-Galaxy ehlukahlukene ye-Bunch ibonakala ngokuqhakaza okukhulu, kwakheka kuma-24 buds. I-Unicum emhlophe, i-Comme il faut, i-Snowflake.

E-aster efana nenaliti, amacembe anciphile, afana nezikhala ezinde. Hemispherical noma spherical inflorescence

Imise okomhlana

Ukuthi i-aster ibukeka kanjani kucace igama. Lezi zivame ukuvela ekwindla ezigeleza sekwephuzile ezinezimbali ezigoqwe ukuya enkabeni. Le ntokazi enezinwele ezimpunga e-peony ehlukaniswe ngumbala omhlophe obonakalayo wengxenye engenhla yezimbali zomhlanga. I-Yablunyova ibaluleke kakhulu ngombala wayo obuthakathaka, ontayela. Izinhlobo ezidumile: i-Alexandria, iTower, iRoyal Peony, isixha sikamama.

Ngombala

Ngokuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo, wonke ama-shades wesibuko atholakala ngaphandle komnyama. I-Violet yokugcwaliswa okuhlukahlukene ivame ukutholakala, incane kakhulu i-salmon ne-orange.

UTerry

I-asherry yonyaka yonyaka iba mnene (yakha ihlumela) futhi yethryy ephakathi nendawo - i-inflorescence evulekile. Kuma-perennials, izinhlobo ze-terry zasehlobo zohlobo lweBallard oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (uMaria) no-pink (uSara) shades ziyathandwa.

Isikhathi sezimbali

Imvamisa sithathwa ngesikhathi lapho i-asters iqhakaza:

• ama-buds okuqala noma entwasahlobo akhululwa ekupheleni kukaMeyi, ekuqaleni kukaJulayi ayaphela;
• ihlobo - liqhakaza kusuka ekuqaleni kukaJulayi kuya kuSepthemba;
• ekugcineni kwe-buds noma ekwindla kuvela ngoSepthemba, hlala kuze kube yiqhwa.

Ukutshala imbewu

Ama-Asters atshalwa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo noma emhlabathini ovulekile ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ngaphambi kobusika. Ukuthola izimbali zokuqala, ukutshala izithombo sekwenziwe ekhaya kusukela ngoMashi. Ngezansi kunemiyalo emincane yokufika kokwezigaba.

Umthamo wokufika kanye nenhlabathi

Izithombo zikhule ezisekelweni ezabiwe ezigcwele ngengxube ye-peat noma i-humus enomhlabathi ongu-1: 3 turf.

Ukulungiselela imbewu nokutshala

Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu iphathwa nge fungicides ngokumelene nokubola kwezimpande. Imbewu ingcwatshwe ekujuleni kuka-1 cm. Amahlumela avela ngezinsuku ezi-3-7.

Isikhathi

Isikhathi sokutshala kwasekhaya ama-asters weqembu eliphakathi lide: kusukela ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaFebhuwari kuya ekuqaleni kukaMashi. Izinhlobo ze-Autumn zihlwanyelwa ezindlini zokugcina izithombo ngo-Ephreli, embozwe yiqhwa, embozwe nge-acrylic.

Ungazinakekela kanjani izithombo

I-Astra ayifuni ukunakekelwa, kungcono ukuyinkcenkceshela emavikini okuqala ukusuka kusifutho, ukuze amanzi angagxili. Izinga lokushisa akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka + 18 ° C. Kanye ngenyanga, ukugqoka phezulu kwefoliar ne-urea kwenziwa (1 ithisipuni le-urea nge-litre enye yamanzi).

Ukufakelwa

Izithombo zikulungele ukutshala lapho kuvela amaqabunga angama-5-7. Ngokuya esifundeni nasezimeni zezulu, izitshalo zidluliselwa kusuka ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi kuya maphakathi noJuni.

By endleleni, amahlumela amasha esaba frost eqinile ukubuya. Ngemuva kokutshala, amahlumela embozwa ngamabhodlela epulasitiki atshaliwe.

Indlela yokufaka esikhundleni

Ukulinywa kwenhlabathi okuvumelekile kwama-aster angavimbeli ukubanda, ukutshala nokunakekela njengasendaweni yokuhlwanyela.

Aza kanjani ama-asters

Kwizitshalo zisetshenziswa iminyaka eminingi, ukuhlolwa kwe-Astra okusasazekayo kanye nokusakazeka kwamahlathi kuyavunyelwa.

Ukwehlukaniswa nge-Bush

Kuvunyelwe ukwehlukanisa izihlahla kusuka eminyakeni emibili. On the ungqimba kufanele kube khona izinso ngohlelo izimpande (embozwe ingxube inhlabathi 3 cm), amahlumela 3 noma 5.

Izimbumbulu

Isetshenziselwa ukugcina izinhlobo ezingandile. Izithombo ezisikiwe ezingafika ku-7 cm ubude zitshalwe emanzini, zitshalwe emhlabathini.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ekukhuleni

Ngokuya ngobuchwepheshe bezolimo, izitshalo akuvamile ukuthi zigule.

Izinkinga ze-Leaf

I-Fundariosis (ukhula luqala ngamahlamvu lufika ekomiseni lesiqu) lubonakala emhlabathini we-acidic, liphathwe ngokukhawula inhlabathi.

Izinambuzane

Ama-aphid acekelwa phansi ngama-insecticides, izimbuzane zesigcawu - ngama-acaricides ezitshalo zokugcina ukushisa. I-Metaldehyde, upelepele obomvu womhlaba uyasebenza ngokulwa nama-slugs.

Isifo

I-aster ithambekele ekukhuleni izimpande; inhlabathi isindwa ngomlotha, iFitosporin. Ukubola oku-brown, ukugqwala kanye neqabunga leqabunga kuvela kancane, kuphathwa nge-Khom, isikhunta.

Izimpawu zokunakekelwa okungafanele

Izitshalo ezinothando olukhanyayo, ama-buds aboshwe kabi emthunzini. Ngokweqile kwe-nitrogen, amaqabunga akhula ngentshiseko, ama-buds mancane. Ngemuva kokuqunjelwa, umquba we-phosphorus-potassium uyadingeka.