Yini i-Maple Manchurian efana nayo ekhaya?

Imephu yaseManchurian imithi enhle kakhulu futhi enhle ngamaqabunga omumo ongavamile. Futhi nakuba izwe lakubo yiMpumalanga Ekude, sekuyisikhathi eside ethanda abalimi nabalimi abavela ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomhlaba. Ngaphandle kokuhlobisa kwawo, le maple inempahla eyodwa: kuyisimanga esimnandi seju. Indlela yokukhulisa lesi sihlahla ngokwakho - funda isihloko sethu.

Okuqukethwe:

• Spread
• Ukukhula ekhaya
• Ukuzala
• Izici zokufika
• Umhlabathi nomanyolo
• Ukunisela nokuswakama
• Ikhulula futhi ihlanganiswe
• Ukudubula
• Ukulungiselela ubusika
• Izinambuzane nezifo
• Izici amahlamvu awela eduze kwesihlahla
• Impendulo evela kubasebenzisi ekusebenzeni komuthi "Actellic"

Incazelo ye-botanical

I-maple yamancihuri ifinyelela ubude obungaba ngu-20m, ububanzi be-trunk yayo - kufika ku-60 cm. Amagxolo aphezulu noma aphuzi.

Zijwayele ngezinhlobo ezivelele kakhulu ze-maple: I-Red, Norway, isi-Tatar, isi-Japanese, ne-Alpine (yaseMelika).

Amaqabunga ayinkimbinkimbi ye-trifoliate nama-petioles abomvu obude. Ziyi-lanceolate, i-ovate-lanceolate, i-oblong-ellipsoidal, kuze kube ngu-8 cm ubude no-2.5 ​​cm ububanzi.

Izimbali eziluhlaza-eziluhlaza zixhunyiwe ngezihlangu zezingcezu ezingu-3-5. Izithelo - ibhubesi elingenalutho lika-3-3.5 cm. Isihlahla sihluma ngoMeyi, futhi siveza izithelo ngoSeptemba.

Uyazi? Ezinsukwini zakudala, amasondo ajikelezayo ayenziwe ngokuyinhloko nge-maple, ngoba amandla kanye nesakhiwo esifanayo somuthi wenza kube lula ukwenza inhlanganisela ngamazinyo amancane futhi amade. Lezi zintaba zingabonakala kumamyuziyamu nasezindlini ezindala.

Spread

Izindawo zokuhlala eziyinhloko zeMaphu Maple ziyi: Primorsky Krai, eNyakatho Korea, eNyakatho YaseChina. Itholakala emahlathini axutshwe futhi azinqabile, ikakhulukazi ezigodini zemifula.

Kodwa nanamuhla ingatholakala nasemasimini nase-arboreta kude nekhaya, isibonelo, eBoston (USA) noma eHamilton (Canada).

Ukukhula ekhaya

Manje ake siqonde ukuthi singatshala kanjani i-maple ekhaya.

Ukuzala

Enye yezindlela zokukhiqiza i-maple kaManchu yilezi imbewu:

1. Thenga imbewu noma uziqoqe eduze kwemithi yase-autumn maple.
2. Okulandelayo inqubo yokuhlunga imbewu. Bafake esitsheni esincane ngenhlabathi emanzi bese ulondoloza izinsuku ezingu-100 esiqandisini noma esivelini (izinga lokushisa livela ku-3 ° C kuya ku -3 ° C).
3. Phakathi naphakathi kwentwasahlobo, yitshala imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile wokuhluma, kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho ngesikhathi semini, ugcine e-hydrogen peroxide. Khetha indawo lapho kuzoba khona ilanga elanele. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yinto evulekile futhi ikhule.
4. Imbewu yokutshala ekujuleni kuka-4 cm, ukuhamba ibanga lika-1.5m phakathi kwe-plantings.
5. Ngokukhululekile uthele futhi uhlale unomsoco womhlaba esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.
6. Amahlumela okuqala azovela emva kwezinsuku ezingu-15-20. Ngaphambi kwamakhaza, izithombo zikhula zibe ngu-40 cm.
7. Yonke inkathi efudumele njalo iwazisa izitshalo kanye nokhula ngobumnene phakathi kokhula.

Imbewu yama-maple yamaphuri

Kukhona enye indlela elula yokukhiqiza okunjalo: kusihlwa ebusika, imbewu yokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, futhi izohluma entwasahlobo.

Kubalulekile! Izitshalo ezincane ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwazo zingakhula zibe ngu-80 cm. Emva kweminyaka emithathu zingatshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo.

Ungasebenzisa indlela yokuhlanganiswa, eqhutshwa ngasekupheleni kwehlobo noma ekwindla zakuqala:

1. Lungisa ama-cuttings ama-25 cm ubude.
2. On the okwenzelwe rooting shoot, shiya 2 amaqabunga, okuyinto mfushane ngesigamu.
3. Ngaphambi kokutshala, gcina ama-cuttings kwisisombululo sokukhula samahora angu-24.
4. Uwaphonsa emhlabathini kuze kufinyelele ku-5 cm. Inhlabathi ilula futhi imanzi. I-substrate evumelekile kakhulu izovela emhlabeni, i-peat nesihlabathi (isilinganiso: 3: 2: 1).
5. Entwasahlobo, ukufakelwa ama-cuttings ibe yi-substrate entsha.

Ukutshala ukusika imephu ye-Manchurian

Enye indlela yokuzalanisa - izakhiwo zomoya:

1. Ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, egatsheni elincane elinomese ohlanzekile, yenza ama-oblique ambalwa aqhekeke emagqumeni, uwaphathe nge-root stimulator.
2. Ukuze ugweme ukunyuka kwezicucu, faka lapho esiqotsheni se-foam noma ehlathini elihlanzekile, bese uwubopha nge-moss-sphagnum emanzi bese uyifaka nge-polyethylene.
3. Ukuze ugweme ukushisa, gqugquzela konke nge-foil noma indwangu elithambile phezulu.
4. Kule nkathi, igatsha lizonikeza izimpande ngqo emangceleni. Ngentwasahlobo elandelayo, khipha yonke into, unqume izingqimba bese umbeka endaweni engunaphakade.

Funda indlela yokukhulisa i-maple yasekhaya (abutilon).

Indlela efanayo ifakwe emagqumeni kanye nama-offsprings ekhula kusukela esihlahleni somuthi. Kodwa abaphoqeleli "i-compress" emasimini, kodwa bajikijela phansi bese bephonsa lesi sigaba ngokusikeka (kuze kufike entwasahlobo elandelayo). I-Manchurian Maple Breeding nge-Layers Air

Ukuze uthole i-maple enjengokuhlobisa, ungasebenzisa futhi indlela yokuhlanganiswa yokuwela izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi unabalimi abanolwazi kuphela. Ngakho:

1. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, unqume ama-cuttings we-maple bese uwagcina ku-peat moss kancane kunomsoco ku-0 ° C kuze kube yilapho amaqabunga e-rootstock asuswa.
2. Uma nje umuthi okhulayo unomuthi ocebile wejusi, yenza isisindo esifushane esitokisini endaweni lapho kunezinso. Njengomthetho, kuphakama kwe-1.5-3 m, kodwa kuvunyelwe futhi ngokushesha ngaphezu kwekhola yezimpande - ibhola lomqhele lizosala lilele phansi.
3. Nciphisa kahle i-Buddha enjalo ngesisulu kusuka ekunqumeni kwe-graft. Ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokuthinta iminwe yakho, yifake kummese esihlahleni somuthi bese unamathele kucezu, ukuze okungenani unqenqemeni owodwa luvumelane. Ukuphepha nge-bandage tape ngaphandle kokumboza izinso.
4. Ukwenza uhlaka luphenduke umqhele ophephile, unqume wonke amagatsha esitsheni esiphansi kwesayithi lokuhlanganiswa, kanye nesiphezulu sesitshalo, eshiya amagatsha angu-2-3 kuphela ngaphezulu kwe-graft ukunikeza isitshalo.
5. Amagatsha okugcina asekudleni kumele asuswe lapho i-graft iqala futhi iqala ukukhula.

Kubalulekile! Ungakhohlwa ukumboza zonke izigaba nge-pitch engadini.

Izici zokufika

Izihlahla ze-maple zitshalwe, ngokuvamile entwasahlobo noma ekwindla, konke kuxhomeke endleleni yokuzalanisa.

I-Maple Manchu idinga indawo evulekile futhi ekhanyisiwe. Isithunzi esincane, uzophinde akwazi ukudlulisa, kodwa kuphela okuncane. Nge-shading ngaphezulu, umuthi ungase uqale ukukhula kancane, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi umbala wamaqabunga uzoguquka. Ngakho-ke, angalahlekelwa konke ukuhlobisa kwakhe.

Ngezihlahla ezizokhula zodwa, shiya ibanga elingenani elingamamitha amathathu ukusuka komunye nomunye. Futhi 1.5-2 m ngokwanele ukuba uhlasele.

Dweba imbobo 50 × 50 × 70 cm ngosayizi (ubude, ububanzi, ukujula), uthele amanzi emanzini lapho - amatshe amancane, amabhande aphukile, itshe elichotshoziwe. Engeza noma yimuphi umanyolo wamaminerali emgodini. Ukupakisha (ngaphambi kokutshala, ubambe kancane emanzini ukuze ukondle izimpande), uyibeke ngokucophelela phakathi nendawo uphinde ufafaze eduze kwesiqu ngenhlanganisela ye-humus, isihlabathi nomhlaba ohlaza. Ukutshala i-maple Beka isikhonkwane esincane eduze kwe-sapling bese ubopha i-trunk kuso, lokhu kuzosindisa isitshalo esingavuthwa emoyeni oqinile. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukwakha umgodi wokunisela eduze nensimu.

Uma utshala inqwaba - inqubo izoba efanayo, kodwa kuphela kuleli cala uzodinga umsele omude mayelana nobubanzi obufanayo nobubanzi njengomgodi. Sibopha i-trunk ku-maple encane

Umhlabathi nomanyolo

Amabalazwe afana nomhlaba ovundile nge-reaction acidic noma okungenani engekho hlangothi. Uma isayithi lakho lingumhlabathi wobumba, kufanele liguqulwe futhi lixubane nesihlabathi kanye ne-peat. Uma kunalokho, i-peaty eyomile, bese uyimba, wengeze isihlabathi nobumba.

Ngenxa yokwakheka okucebile, i-maple inikwe ububanzi obubanzi bezinto zokuphulukisa. Funda mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwebalazwe emithi yokwelapha.

Uma ungazange ufake isicelo sokufaka umanyolo wamaminerali ngesikhathi sokutshala, khona-ke intwasahlobo elandelayo ingeza u-40 g we-urea, 15-25 g we-potassium usawoti, u-30-50 g we-superphosphate ngehora elilodwa lemitha. Ehlobo, lapho ukhulula futhi unisela, i-Kemir Universal ivame ukungezwa - 100 g ngalinye ngehora elilodwa lemitha.

Ngokuvamile, ukuvuthwa kwe-maple ngamanyolo kuyadingeka isikhathi 1 ngonyaka, futhi udaba oluphilayo (umquba, izinyoni zezinyoni) lisetshenziswa isikhathi esingu-1 eminyakeni emine.

Ukunisela nokuswakama

Izihlahla ze-maple azifani nomhlabathi onogwadule, ngakho-ke badinga ukuphuza okuncane nokungajwayelekile. Kuyadingeka ukuphuza isitsha samanzi kakhulu ngonyaka wokuqala ukuze isitshalo sigxilwe kahle.

Umuthi omdala ukwanele ukuphuziswa kanye ngenyanga, ekushiseni okukhulu ongakwenza izikhathi ezingu-3-4. Emthini owodwa udinga cishe amalitha ayishumi amanzi.

Ikhulula futhi ihlanganiswe

Ukukhululeka kuyadingeka ngokungavamile, ngokuvamile uma ukhula noma emva kokuchelela, ukuze inhlabathi ingahlanganiswa.

Uma ufuna ukuvikela isitshalo ezinkingeni ezingokwemvelo, thola ukuthi kungani udinga inhlabathi, ikakhulukazi ukwemukelwa kwe-agrotechnical reception.

Ngemuva kokutshala, izihlahla zomuthi umquba nge-peat noma emhlabathini ungqimba ka-3-5 cm. Ehlobo, ukuze ugcine izimpande zome, i-maple ingahlanganiswa ngokusebenzisa igobolondo lamantongomane noma i-sawdust. I-mulch enjalo izogcina umswakama futhi ivikele isitshalo emhlathini. I-maple trunk mulching

Ukudubula

Kusuka esihlahleni, amagatsha omile nesifo kufanele asuswe ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukusika akudingekile. Kodwa uma usafuna ukwenza umqhele we-maple ukuhlobisa futhi usika izinwele zakho, kuzodingeka ukwenze lokhu ngaso sonke isikhathi - uma kungenjalo umqhele uzokhula kakhulu, futhi i-trunk namagatsha angeke imelane nesisindo esinjalo.

Ukuze uthuthukise imephu futhi uqondise ukukhula kwayo ngendlela efanele, thola zonke izici zokusika izihlahla entwasahlobo, ekwindla nasehlobo.

Ngakho kanye ngonyaka, okungukuthi ebusika, kuzodingeka ususe amagatsha omisiwe, afriziwe, amaqabunga, emva kwalokho - obuthakathaka nabangalungile, futhi ekupheleni - uvumelanise isimo somqhele.

Kubalulekile! Khumbula: omfishane usika umuthi, umlenze uzoba umqhele wawo.

Ukulungiselela ubusika

Maple Manchu ubusika-obuqinile. Ukwesekwa kwasebusika owengeziwe kuyadingeka kuphela izithombo ezincane - uma kungekho neqhwa elanele, intamo yabo impande ihlanganiswe ngamaqabunga e-spruce noma amaqabunga owomile.

Kodwa iziqu ze-maple encane eminyakeni yokuqala engu-2-3 yokuphila kwazo kufanele zifudumale nge-sacking, zimboze ezinqabeni ezimbili. Indawo yokuhlala yaseManchurian ebusika

Izinambuzane nezifo

I-maple ingaba ngaphansi kwezinkinga ezinjalo:

1. Ukubona ama-coral (ama-burgundy emagqabeni, amanye amagatsha): amagatsha abathintekayo kumele asuswe masinyane, ukusikeka kuhlanganiswe kahle nge-pitch pitch, futhi ithuluzi lokusika kufanele lisuswe nge-disinfected. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe ukuvimbela lesi sifo: izikhathi ezintathu njalo ezinsukwini eziyisihlanu ukuphelisa ukwelashwa nge-copper sulphate (5%
2. Amazolo e-Mealy (ama-tar amaqabunga): ungavolisa umuthi ngesimo sulfure emhlabathini kanye ne-lime ngesilinganiso se-2: 1. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, i-copper sulfate nayo iyoba yinhle.
3. I-Maple whitefly: ukufipulisa kuqhutshwa izibungu ezine-0.1% "Aktellik" noma i-ammophos, ngoJuni uphathwa nge-chlorophos (0.15%). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuqoqa nokushisa amaqabunga omile.
4. I-maple mealybug: ngaphambi kokuqhakaza izinso, kungenzeka ukuthi ufeze i-prophylaxis - uphefa isihlahla no-Nitrafen (3%). Ehlobo (ekupheleni kukaJuni - ekuqaleni kukaJulayi) kungenzeka ukucubungula iCarbofos (0.1%).
5. I-maple leaf weevil: umuthi uphathwa nge-chlorophos (0.3%). Kuqhutshwa futhi kuthobisa inhlabathi ekuhlosweni komqhele wesitshalo, kusetshenziswa i-chlorophos granular (7%).
6. Ama-aphid: i-maple ichithelwa nge-insecticide yokuncelisa izinambuzane, isibonelo, i-dimetoatom.

Izici amahlamvu awela eduze kwesihlahla

NgoSeptemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba (konke kuxhomeke ekushiseni nangomswakama womoya - okufudumalayo nokugwinya emgwaqeni, kamuva ukuwa kweqabunga kuqala) amaqabunga amabalazwe abe yombala obomvu, emva kwalokho iqabunga liwa ngokushesha. Isihlahla singena esimweni sokuphumula.

Ukuphela kweqabunga ukuwa ngokuvamile kuhambisana nokupholisa okuqinile, imvula ejwayelekile kanye nokuqhuma okukhulu kwemimoya. Izihlahla ze-maple zivame ukubonakala ngo-Okthoba 20. Amaqabunga angabodwa kuphela agcinwa emagatsheni kuze kube maphakathi noNovemba.

Uyazi? E-Russia ekhulwini le-XIX kwakukhona isiko elinjalo: ingane encane yadluliselwa phakathi kwamagatsha e-maple. Lo muthi ubhekwa njengomthwali wemandla omlingo, ingxenye yawo eyadluliselwa kwengane, futhi ngenxa yesiko esinjalo impilo enhle neyesikhathi eside yayilindele.

I-maple yama-Manchurian iyoba ukuhlobisa okuphelele kwendawo yakho engadini noma endaweni yasemadolobheni. Into esemqoka ukuyihlwanyela kahle futhi ungakhohlwa ukunakekelwa kwesihlahla. Nakuba, njengoba usuvele uqonda, ngeke kukulethe izinkinga ezinkulu. Futhi uma ufunda isihloko sethu futhi ufunde zonke izincomo, khona-ke awusoze ukwesaba.

Impendulo evela kubasebenzisi ekusebenzeni komuthi "Actellic"