I-Psidium iyisitshalo esingumhlobiso okhethekile ovela emndenini we-Myrtle. Kuvamile ngobukhulu beMexico neBrazil, kepha ezweni lethu kukhula njengeplanethi yendlu. Ngaphezu kokubukeka kwayo okuhle, inezithelo ezinamakha kakhulu nezinempilo. Kukubo ukuthi i-psidium ivame ukuboniswa esithombeni. Izithelo zingavuthwa ngisho nasezitshalweni zasendlini.
Incazelo yeBotanical
I-Psidium isihlahla esihlala sikhona noma esi-deciduous. Kwesinye isikhathi isitshalo siba njengokubonakala kwesihlahla esincane esinomqhele ovuthayo. Ukuphakama kwawo kusukela kumamitha ayi-1 kuye kwangama-3.5. Amahlumela amancanyana anokusika okungunxantathu futhi ambozwe ngesikhumba esinsundu ngombala onsundu.
Emagatsheni amancane kunamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani. Amahlamvu atholakala kuma-petioles amafushane futhi anephethini lokusiza lama-veins. Ipuleti lamaqabunga okusaqanda ligobe kancane libuyele emuva emthanjeni ophakathi nendawo. Ubude beqabunga bungamasentimitha ayi-7-15. Uhlangothi lwangemuva lwamapheshana lumbozwe ngama-pubescence aminyene amfishane.
Entwasahlobo, kuvela izimbali ezincane ezingaodwa emahlumela amancane. Amacembe abo apendwe mhlophe. Izimbali ziqukethe ithhubhu elifushane, amacembe amane avulekile nezinsimbi eziningi eziphuzi maphakathi nendawo. Izimbali zinde, ama-buds amasha angaba semagatsheni ngasikhathi sinye nezithelo ezivuthiwe.
Izithelo ze-Psidium
I-Psidium inikeza izithelo ezihlwabusayo kakhulu futhi ezinempilo. Imvamisa babizwa nje ngokuthi ama-guavas, ngokufaniswa nolunye lwenhlobo. Ngokwesimo, zifana nethanga noma ulamula futhi zimbozwe ngesikhumba esinsundu esiluhlaza noma ngokusajingijolo. Ngaphakathi kukhona uginindela omnandi futhi omnandi wezimbali ezimhlophe, ukhilimu noma opinki. Maphakathi nezithelo kunembewu encane emhlophe emincane.
I-pulp ye-psidium iqukethe inani elikhulu le-ascorbic acid, ama-tannins kanye namafutha abalulekile. Lezi zithelo zimane nje zingenakutholakala ngesistimu yomzimba evikelekile noma ukuqhekeka. I-pulp ebucayi iyondla, inike amandla, iqinise uhlelo lwe-lymphatic futhi isize ekulweni namakhaza. Ukuphela kokwephula umthetho ukusabela komzimba.
Ukubukwa okudumile
Kwi-genus psidium, kunezinhlobo ezingaba yikhulu. Iningi lazo likhulile njengezilimo ekhaya. Ekuthambeni kwethu, i-psidium itshalwa ekhaya njenge -planethi yendlu. Okufaneleke kakhulu kuleli banga yilezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo.
I-Psidium guayava noma i-guava. Lesi sitshalo sakha isihlahla esikhulayo noma isihlahla esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-10. Ekuphakameni okuncane kokubhanqwa komhlaba, kunamaqabunga ezihlahla zodwa. Amahlamvu e-oval onqenqemeni olucashile afinyelela kubude obungu-7-15 cm, nobubanzi obuyi-3-7 cm. Phezu kwepuleti leshidi kunendawo enesikhumba, futhi ezansi kuzwakala sengathi kune-pubescent. Izimbali ezimhlophe qhwa ezinobubanzi obungu-2-2,5 cm zitholakala emacansini we-1-3 buds. Ezinyangeni ezine ngemuva kokuqhakaza, izithelo ezimise okwenziwe ngethanga zivuthwa ubude obungama-12 cm. Ngaphansi kwesikhumba esiluhlaza kukhona ipulpiti elinephunga elimnandi elinembewu encane.
Psidium ugu. Lesi sitshalo sakha isihlahlana segatsha kusuka ezisekelweni size sifinyelele kumamitha ayi-6. Igxolo elimpunga eligrey lisibekela amagatsha. Amapheshana ama-ovate noma ama-oval cm ubude be-5-8 cm. Ipuleti lesikhumba elinombala linombala omnyama ngaphezulu nendawo ephansi ekhanyayo. Entwasahlobo, kwakhiwa izimbali ezimhlophe ezinobubanzi obungaba ngu-3 cm. Kamuva, izithelo eziyindilinga ngesikhumba esiphuzi zavuthwa esihlahleni. Ububanzi bawo bungamasentimitha angama-2,5 ukuya kwayi-34. Unsipha wezithelo unamanzi, umnandi, umhlophe.
I-Catidiy's psidium noma i-sitrobheli. Isitshalo sinezindlela eziningi ezihlangene. Isihlahla asidluli ukuphakama okungama-3 m, kepha ngonyaka singeza ukukhula kube ngama-30 cm. Amaqabunga aluhlaza acwebezelayo amboze amahlumela amancanyana. Ubude bawo buyi-4-12 cm nobubanzi obungama-2-6 cm. Izithelo ezincane ezizungezile, ukuya ku-4 cm ububanzi, zimbozwe ngesikhumba se-burgundy noma obomvu. Ngaphansi kwayo kunepulpiti emhlophe noma ebomvana. Ine-ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu nephuzi le-sitrobheli.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-psidium
I-Psidium izala kahle ngezindlela nangezindlela zemifino. Imbewu eqoqiwe kufanele igezwe kahle nge-pulp futhi yomiswe endaweni epholile. Izitshalo zikhiqizwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngokutshala, sebenzisa amabhokisi acwebile ngesihlabathi esimanzi ne-peat substrate. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa kwizimbobo ezijulile futhi zifafazwe ngomhlaba. Isitsha simbozwe ngefilimu ukuvimbela ukoma ngokushesha. Ibhokisi libekwe egumbini eliqhakazile elinokushisa komoya elingaphansi kuka + 21 ° C.
Imbewu iqhuma kungakapheli amasonto ayi-1-2. Lapho ifinyelela ukuphakama okungu-10-15 cm, incindi yezithombo. Isonto ngemuva kwale nqubo, izitshalo zidluliselwa kumabhodwe amancane ahlukanisiwe nomhlaba ama-psidiums amadala.
Ukususa izimpande, kusikwa amahlumela anobude obungamasentimitha ayi-101. Kufanele aqukethe okungenani amaqabunga amane angaqinile. Ingxenye engezansi yosuku igxiliswe endaweni yokukhuthaza ukukhula. Ngemuva kokucutshungulwa, ukusikeka kugxilwe endaweni ebheke phezulu kungxube ye-peat nge-perlite futhi embozwe nge-cap. Ukushisa komoya akufanele kwehle ngaphansi kuka + 20 ° C. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, ukuqala kwezimpande ezintsha kuzovela. Manje udinga ukuvula izithombo nsuku zonke. Ngemuva kwenyanga, zingatshalwa futhi zikhule ngokuzimela.
Ukufakelwa
I-psidium iyatshalwa njengoba i-rhizome ikhula. Izimbiza kufanele zikhethwe ngokulingana ne-rhizome. Izitshalo ezincane zitshalwa njalo eminyakeni eyi-1-2, nezitshalo ezindala njalo eminyakeni engama-3-5. Umhlaba uhlanzwa ngokwengxenye kusuka ezimpandeni ukuvikela i-acid acid ngokweqile. Phansi kwembiza ejulile kwakubeka ungqimba lwezinto zokudonsa. Inhlabathi yokutshala i-psidium kufanele ifake lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- isihlabathi somfula;
- umhlaba wegadi;
- ishidi lomhlaba;
- Peat;
- i-decusuous humus.
Ngemuva kokufakelwa, lesi sitshalo sibekwa endaweni enomthunzi amasonto angama-1-2.
Imithetho Yokunakekela
Ekhaya, ukunakekela i-psidium kulula kakhulu. Itshalwe emakamelweni afudumele noma emagumbini okugcina izithombo ashisayo. Igumbi kufanele likhanye. Kuyadingeka ukufihla amahlumela kusuka elangeni eliqondile lemini futhi unikeze amahora amade wemini. Imbiza ingabekwa efasiteleni elisempumalanga noma lasentshonalanga. Ebusika, ukukhanya okwengeziwe kungadingeka. Isibonakaliso sokuntuleka kokukhanya siyabuna, amaqabunga aphuzi.
Kuwo wonke unyaka, i-psidium idinga ukufudumala, izinga lokushisa lomoya elifanele kufanele libe + 22 ... + 24 ° C. Ehlobo, amabhodwe e-guava anconywa ukuba ayiswe engadini abekwe emthunzini omncane. Kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo ethule, ngaphandle kokusalungiswa nezinguquko ezingazelelwe zokushisa.
I-Psidium iniselwa ngamanzi afudumele, amile. Ivumela isomiso esincane, kepha ayiphenduli kahle emanzini amile. Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo siniselwa kakhulu isonto ngalinye, futhi ebusika - izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngenyanga. Abahlali bezindawo ezishisayo kudingeka balondoloze umswakama ophezulu. Kunconywa ukufafazwa njalo kanye nesishizi esishisayo. Ebusika, beka i-psidium kude namabhethri bese usebenzisa i-humidifier.
Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba, kwenziwa umanyolo enhlabathini. Kunconywa izakhi zemvelo eziphilayo. Ngiyabonga, amaqabunga ayoba makhulu, futhi aqhakaze izimbali - anda kakhulu. Umanyolo usetshenziswa kabili ngenyanga.
Ukuze uthole umqhele omuhle, i-psidium kumele ilungiswe njalo futhi icwetshwe amahlumela amancane. Izimbali zingahanjiswa ngempova zodwa, kodwa kunconywa ukusiza le nqubo kancane. Ngebhulashi elithambile, impova idluliswa isuka ezimbalini eziqhakaza kuphela iye kulezo esezilahle ezinye zezinsimbi.
I-psidium imelana nezifo futhi icishe ingathinteki nezezifo. Ezimweni ezingandile, zingatholakala emaqabungeni e-scute noma spider izimbuzane. Phatha lesi sitshalo ngesibulala-zinambuzane ngokushesha.
