I-Drywall - enye yezikhundla ezidume kakhulu ezitolo ze-hardware. Abaningi, bebona ubukhulu balezi zashici, bahlanganiswa ngenhlonipho ngamakhosi abasebenza ngaleyo ndlela yokugqoka. Nakuba, eqinisweni, akukho lutho olukhohlisayo lapha: sidinga ukubalwa kuphela kanye nokunye ukukhishwa kwe-manual (kanye nesilinganiso esinesibindi sokubekezela). Ake sizame ukufingqa isipiliyoni sokufaka i-drywall kanye nokugqamisa amaphuzu adinga ukwazi labo abahlela ukukwenza ngokwabo.
Ukulungiswa kwempahla namathuluzi
Konke kuqala ngokukhethwa kwe-drywall ngokwalo - ngokwezimfanelo zayo, ukugqoka kumele kufanele indawo ethile. 
Ilebula "ukukhethekile" ibonisa:
- I-GCR - Ngaphambi kokuba ubheke amakamelo ngobuningi obujwayelekile;
- I-GKLV - kungumuthi wokuvikela umswakama ongafakwa endlini yokugezela;
- I-GKLO (ukumelana nomlilo) - esetshenziselwa ukugqoka izindonga lapho kunezitofu ezihlangene, izibhamu noma izimbiza zamachibi;
- Isigaba esinokwethenjelwa kakhulu I-GKLVO - umlilo-, umswakama obumelana nomswakama usetshenziselwa ukusebenza ne-attics noma i-attic.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde ukuthi ungagcina kanjani iphepha lodonga bese ubeka amawindi emafasiteleni.
Ngaphezu kwe-drywall ngokwayo, uzodinga ezinye izinto namathuluzi. Uhlu lwabo luzohlukahluka kuye ngokuthi iyiphi indlela yokugqoka isetshenziselwa - ukuxhuma odongeni noma ukuphakama kuhlaka. 
Kuzohlala endaweni yokuqala, uma udonga lube lukhulu futhi lulinganiselwe ngapha nangapha lunikeze iphutha lokufinyelela ku-2 cm.
"Ukusakazwa okunjalo" kunengqondo ukushelela ngokunyuka kwi-glue, okuzoyidingayo:
- amashidi;
- tape for amalunga okunamathisela (kungcono ukuthatha inetha serpyanka);
- i-primer;
- i-putty esekelwe i-gypsum (eyisisekelo nokuqeda);
- i-glue ekhethekile;
- ummese njengokubhala okuqinisiwe noma i-jigsaw;
- i-drill kagesi ene-nozzle mixer;
- Izakhiwo zokwakha;
- i-plummet;
- eside (kungaba kuhle ku 1.5 m) ukulawula;
- isethi yama-spatula we-widths ezahlukene;
- ibhulashi noma i-roller - basebenzisa i-primer;
- i-grater ekhethekile yokusebenza ngezindiza ze-putty;
- isando senjoloba - iyoba nendlela lapho ulungisa ishidi elihlanganisiwe nje.
Funda ukuthi ungafaka kanjani ukushisa amanzi okugeleza.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze usebenze emakamelweni aphezulu (okungaphezu kuka-2.5 m) ukwakhiwa, amashidi amamitha amathathu athathwa ngokuvamile.
Lapha udinga ukwengeza ipensela, isilinganiso se-tape nes square - awukwazi ukukwenza ngaphandle kwabo.
Nge uhlaka lokuphakama uhlu lwezinto ezithengiswayo kanye nezinto zokuqeda, kanye nensimbi yokulinganisa ihlala iyafana (iglue kuphela liyanyamalala).
Sincoma ukuthi sifunde indlela yokufaka umshini wokukhanyisa kanye nomkhiqizo efulethini ngezandla zabo.Yiqiniso, ezinye izingxenye namadivayisi zengezwe efomini:
- amaphrofayli (iziqondiso kanye nokushayela) nezandiso;
- ukumiswa okuqondile;
- amakhophi nezikuluzi;
- izikhali zensimbi;
- isikebheli.
Uyazi? I-dryry yavela ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye - umnikazi wesikhwama sephepha u-Augustine Sakett wasungula "ibhodi yokwakhiwa" yetshezi. Uhlaka lwe-1.5 cm lwaluhlanganisa imigqa engu-10 yephepha kanye nomgqa omncane we-gypsum.
Ngodonga oluyinkimbinkimbi lubuye lusizo kakhulu. Kusukela kumabhubhu uzodinga uhlangothi olubanzi kanye nomqhele wesikhombisi (uma kwenzeka udinga ukwenza izimbobo ezizungezile).
Ukulungiselela isisekelo
Zonke "izintambo" zihlangene, futhi ungaqhubeka. Okokuqala kufanele ulungise izindonga. 
I-algorithm kanje:
- ukutholakala kwemifantu kanye nokuqhekeka kugcwele isakhi se-putty noma se-sement-isanti;
- Ngemuva kokumiswa, udonga luzohlanzwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa iphepha le-emery elinamahlamvu angama-60-80 amayunithi. Lezi zindatshana zenziwe ngezigaba eziyindilinga, ukuze kube lula kakhulu, zithole amaspredishithi emgqeni omkhulu;
- ezinye izikhukhula ezivuthayo zizodinga ukuthulukisa i-foam. Iyabamba ngokushesha, futhi emva kokumisa, ukudlula okwedlulelwe ngaphandle kunqunywe ngomese;
- khona-ke udonga luhlanjululwa uthuli (olufanele njengelinye ibhulashi elibanzi, kanye ne-vacuum cleaner);
- isigaba esilandelayo yisisekelo. Ukubunjwa okusetshenzisiwe kufanele kube komile ngokuphelele;
- emva kwalokho kwenziwe izilinganiso zokulawula.
Isihloko esihlukile sikulungiswa kwodonga oludwetshiwe. Kwenzeka ukuthi upende lubambe ngokuqinile, futhi uyisuse aluyiqiniso. Kodwa kukhona isisombululo: ukugcina isisombululo, njengoba kufanele, emhlabathini yenza izinhlamvu.
Kungenzeka ube nesithakazelo sokufunda mayelana nokuthi ungasusa kanjani upende lokudala.
Ividiyo: kanjani ukususa upende odongeni
Kubalulekile! Indwangu yodonga lwangaphandle kufanele ilandelwe ukwelashwa kwe-antiseptic primer. Okufanayo kusebenza ngaphakathi endlini emakamelweni anomswakama ophezulu.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo ugcine isikhathi: cishe u-10 cm ubude no-30 cm ngokuqondile. Ngezinhloso ezinjalo, basebenzisa i-ax noma i-perforator nge-spatula ebanzi (into esemqoka lapha ukubala umzamo ukuze ungangeni kakhulu odongeni).
Uma ukuhlola ngezinga kubonise ukuthi akuzange kusebenze ukukhipha izithambeko ngokuphelele, kepha akusho ukuqonda ukubhekana nohlaka, ubuchwepheshe obulula bokuguqula kuqala.
Okokuqala - ukusetshenziswa kwama-beacons ngesimo sezingcezu ezincane zomswakama noma yikuphi ukuma. Isikhumbuzo sinezicucu ezimbili, ezivezwe ngamaphuzu aphakeme kakhulu futhi aphansi kakhulu. Zibanjwa ku-glue bese zibeka ukuze indiza iqhubeke ezingeni elifanayo. Izingcezu ezisele zifakwa ngeso, futhi ngokubaluleka kuvela "yedwa", okuzokwenza kube lula ukufakwa kweshidi elikhulu.
Ungenza okuhlukile: besebenzisa isimiso esifanayo (kodwa ngaphandle kweshidi), izikrini zifakwe emigqeni ehambayo nge-20-30 cm.
Ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi amaphethelo amakhanda abo asezingeni elifanayo, i-plaster noma i-glue isetshenziswa kukho konke ukuphakama kwezikrini zokuzibamba, emva kwalokho amasayithi anjalo kufanele ame.
Uyazi? Okumangalisa ukuthi ezindaweni zethu ezisezingeni eliphezulu zisebenzisiwe kusukela ngonyaka wama-1950: emibhalweni yokwakha yezwe lamaSoviet, yayikhethwe njenge-slab.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuphathwa okunjalo, cabanga ukuthi kuzoba kuhle yini. Uma umehluko ungaphezu kuka-2 cm phezu kwendawo yonke edongeni, zizokwenza umphumela, kepha "ukuhlukanisa" okukhulu (ikakhulukazi ezindizeni ezahlukene) akuzona izihlaka ezifanele kuphela ezizogcina isimo. Ukusebenza nabo kuchazwa kancane ngezansi.
Ukususwa kokukhulu
Ukubala okulungile yingxenye yempi. Endabeni ye-plasterboard, uhlelo noma umdwebo kuyadingeka, okucabangela zonke izinhlobo ze-nuances. Futhi zikhona eziningi zazo: indawo yamafasitela kanye neminyango, ukushintshwa nezihlalo.
Konke lokhu kubalwa esiteji sokuklama, kucatshangwa ububanzi nobukhulu bamashidi - okwenza ukulinganisa okunzima ephepheni kwenza kube lula ukubala ukuthi yikuphi ukuphakama komgudu ozosetshenziswa ngaphansi kocingo. 
Ukuhlelwa kwezinhlelo ezinjalo kuqala nodonga:
- umugqa umakwe esigxotsheni nasephansi (ekugcineni kwodonga oluzayo). Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha umugqa wendwangu noma umdwebo wokupenda;
- uma ifreyimu isilungiswa, ikhebula elidlula kule ndawo noma isendlalelo sokusakaza umsindo kufanele kubekwe kalula kwigebe phakathi kwalo nodonga. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi indawo enkulu kakhulu "ifihla" indawo yekamelo;
- Khokha ngokukhethekile emaceleni. Ukuzivocavoca kubonisa ukuthi ukulingana ngama-degree angama-90 akuhlali njalo: ezindaweni ezinjalo, amashidi ngokuvamile kufanele adunywe. Kungakanani - kungcono ukubala ngokushesha, ngokusho kwesilinganiso.
Njengoba usuqalile zonke izinombolo, qhubeka nokuhlelwa kweshidi. Ngokuncintisana ngaphansi kokusika okuvamile, konke kucacile: imigqa eqondile emigqeni eqondile neyizingqimba ihlelwe ngosizo lwe-tape isilinganiso noma ababusi, futhi ngisho nangcono - izinga (kunoma yiliphi icala, akunakwenzeka ukwenza ngaphandle kwamamaki enziwe ngokuhlanganyela kwakhe).
Kubalulekile! Umkhawulo, ozophendulelwa phansi, uvame ukusika ku-0.5-1 cm - lokhu kuzowuvikela emanzini.
Izakhi eziyinkimbinkimbi (izingqinamba ngaphansi kwezihlalo, ukushintshwa, njll) zidinga ngokuqondile ukushaya ezindizeni. Kuhle uma kunezingubo ezifanayo ezikhona "ezingachazwa" eshidi, ekuphakameni kwesokudla.
Izimbobo ezizungezile zithatha ama-compass. Into enzima kunazo zonke izikhala eziyinkimbinkimbi - ngokusebenzisa ukumaka, kubalulekile ukwenza amaphethini afanele kusuka emicongweni. Ngaphambi kokuba konke lokhu kusebenze, kuyadingeka ukukhumbula engxenyeni eyodwa yale ndaba.
Iqiniso liwukuthi ngesikhathi sokuhamba amakhilomitha namaphethelo angonakaliswa - i-plaster iyaqhuma. Izindawo zenkinga zivame ukucwiliswa, okwenza izinguquko ohlelweni (ungakhohlwa ngalokhu, ngaphandle kwalokho ngesikhathi sokufaka itholakala ukuthi zonke izimbobo nezicucu "ziye zaphuma").
Uyazi? AmaGreki asendulo abizwa ngokuthi i-gypsum ngokumane futhi elula - i-mineral emhlophe.
Ukulungiselela amashidi we-drywall
Ukuhlola zonke izinombolo kuzilinganiso, qhubeka nokucubungula amashidi. Futhi ake siqale ngokubunjwa, noma kunalokho ukusika. 
Ukusika
Ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile bokusika bulula:
- leli shidi libekwa emhlabathini ophansi, obushelelezi. Kodwa lokhu kuhle - ngokwenza lokhu kungenzeka akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi, bese izihlalo eziningana zigcinwa, lapho okufakwa khona umsebenzi wokusebenza. Kulesi simo, ubuso akufanele buhle kakhulu (uma kungenjalo ishidi lizovele liqhekeke);
- i-slot emgqeni wokumaka yenziwe ngommese, ngaphansi kombusi;
- ukungena kokuqala kusehlangothini oluphambili, ne-plaster igxuma kungqimba. Qaphela: ummese ubanjwe ngomzamo, uzama ukukhipha kancane ngangokunokwenzeka kusuka emgqeni. Akudingekile ukwenza njalo ukunyakaza kwe-"sawing" nge-chisel - ukuhamba nje kokungcwaba;
- khona-ke ishidi liguqulwa futhi, ngemva kokulichofoza eceleni kwe-line incision, badlula kule bend.
Konke lokhu kuhle, kodwa uma udinga ukwenza ukusika, inqubo ishintsha (kanye namathuluzi). Indlela elula yokuthola ama-slits nxazonke unomqhele obekwe emgodini - le bhisikidi ye-cylindrical inikeza ukuvula okuhle ngezinga eliphansi lokuchoboza.
Ividiyo: indlela yokusika kalula i-drywall Uma kungenjalo, izimbobo ziboshwe ngamaphuzu amaningana embuthanweni ozayo. Kukhona lapho kuhola khona i-jigsaw blade, eyenziwa eceleni komzila - indlela efanele yokufinyelela ngokunemba.
Imigqa egciniwe emaceleni emigxathu noma emanzini egciniwe ahlukaniswe ngokusebenzisa i-hacksaw ekhethekile ye-drywall. Ekubukeni, lokhu kungummese ofanayo, kodwa ngamazinyo nesibambo esinamandla. Ukusebenza naye kudinga ukubekezela okukhulu - ithuluzi elihle, kodwa alithetheleli amaphutha uma lisetshenzisiwe.
Ngokuvamile ezindlini kukhona izivakashi ezingamenywa, okulula kunzima ukuziqeda. Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde indlela yokubhekana nezintuthwane, izinkamba, amabhu, i-springtails kanye namagundane.
Sizing
Iyenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili - usebenzisa ama-beacons (ukufakwa kwabo kuchazwe ngenhla) futhi ngqo endaweni. Indlela yokuqala inokwethenjelwa ngokweqile ngokwemigomo yokuchithwa, kuyilapho lesibili singasebenzi kakhulu. Akumangalisi ukuthi uthanda kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Uma usebenzisa i-glue akukwaziswa ukuba usakaze yonke indawo.
I-Drywall LighthouseLe nqubo ibukeka kanje:
- endaweni ekhonjiwe, izindonga ziphinde zidlule izinga ukuze zithole ubukhulu besendlalelo esizayo ngamaphuzu ahlukene;
- bese ulungisa ikhambi lokunamathisela. Isisekelo esomile sigcwele ngamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa, ligcinwe imizuzu engu-2-3 futhi lixubaniswe kahle ngesandla noma nge-mixer kuze kube yilapho kuhlanganiswa okungafani ngaphandle kwezibungu (njengobunqwaba obukhulu). Umthamo wamanzi, umthamo wezinto ezomile, kanye nemigomo yokusetshenziswa, kuxhomeke kumkhiqizo othize, ngakho funda imiyalelo;
- ingxube eqediwe isetshenziselwa ngokushesha emkhatsini wangaphakathi we-sheet - i-glue pellets ishiywe lapho njalo ngamasentimitha angu-30-40. Ububanzi bawo buyi-10 cm, nokuphakama - kusuka ku-3 ukuya ku-5 cm;
- izinombolo zingalungiswa: uma ishidi elikuleli qophelo lihamba ngodonga, libeke elincinci, kuyilapho kumgodla omkhulu, ingxenye eyingxenye iyadingeka. Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, kufanele abe khona emakhoneni wephepha.
Kuzodingeka usebenze masinyane: i-glue idle ngokuphelele emaminithini angu-20-30. Ngakho-ke, masinyane qhubekela phambili.
Ukupaka: ubuchwepheshe
Lesi yisikhathi esibaluleke kunazo zonke, ngezinye izikhathi sidinga ukubamba iqhaza komsizi - ishidi elinqanyelwe ukubambezeleka kweglue ngo-35 noma ngisho no-40 kg:
- ishidi ngokwalo lifakwa emagodini amancane (1 cm ngamunye) futhi ngobumnene, kodwa masinyane, incike odongeni, ungakhohlwa ukudonsa inqenqemeni engenhla igubungele phansi. Lapha kuyadingeka, ngendlela, ukusebenzisa i-lever emkhatsini wedanga ne-GSL;
- khona-ke ubuso bucindezelwa odongeni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha umbusi omkhulu noma umthetho ovezwe endizeni, ngokusho ukuthi bayobamba ngani isando senjoloba;
- edlula ngale ndlela kusukela phansi kuze kube phezulu, ishidi lihambelana ngokusemandleni kumakhophi asevele aqoqwe;
- ungakhohlwa ukususa i-glue ngokweqile - oxhumana nodonga lwenhlanganisela kuzophuma, futhi kuzodingeka ukususe masinyane (okwamanje kungakabanjwa).
Ividiyo: Ukunamathela kwesikhashana
Ngokuphathelene namalungu, kunenye iphuzu elibalulekile: imiphetho eqondile ifakiwe, yebo, ekupheleni, kodwa izingxenye ezinezimpondo ezihlangene zihlanjululwa ngu-4-5 mm.
Imfundo ibonakala iyilula, kodwa empeleni konke kunzima kakhulu ngobukhulu beshidi nesisindo sayo, esidinga ikhono elithile. Nakuba ngokuvamile kulukhuni izingxenye ezingu-2-3 zokuqala, "ngemva kwalokho umsebenzi uhamba ngokushesha.
Ukulungiselela iSeam
Iziqephu ezitholakalayo ngesikhathi sokufakwa zifuna ukucubungula okufanele. Kulokhu, amalunga atholakala ngokujoyina amashidi anenzuzo enqunyiwe.
Ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ubuso buyizinga, umcibisholo ugcwele iglue. Nakuba lokhu kuhamba, uma igebe lingama-4 mm noma ngaphezulu (izigxobo ezincane ezingenakwenzeka ekucubunguleni - kwenzeka ukuthi ingxube enzima iyanqikaza ukungena "entanyeni" encane).
Uyazi? E-USA naseNtshonalanga Yurophu, indima yama-drywall ozimele ngokuvamile anikwa emigodini yemithi.
Ngamahlombe ngemiphetho ejikeleziwe, i-interval ye-5 mm ibalulekile, futhi ngaphezu kwayo yonke ukuphakama. Uma kuncane, kuyodingeka uyiqede ngokucophelela, ulethe igebe ebubanzi obufunayo.
Ukunamathiswa kwezingcingo
Kuyenziwa kuphela emva kokuba iglue selimile ngokuphelele. Emva kwalokho, i-putty yokuqala ilungisiwe (imiqulu, amanani kanye nokulinganisa kuyahluka - funda ngokucophelela idatha kwiphakheji).
Imihlangano ehlanganisiwe ivalwe ngokuvumelana nalolu hlelo:
- Uhlaka lokuqala lwe-putty lubekwa phakathi kwamashidi;
- Kuyo (phakathi nendawo ye-seam) bafaka ucezu lensiza ye-serpyanka ngobude obudingekayo, phezu kwesinye isendlalelo esisetshenziswayo;
- uma usuhambisa nge-spatula, ulinganise izinga (kubalulekile ukuthi ungqimba oluphezulu lugcwalise ngamashidi). Uma kunesidingo, yenza "isithasiselo";
- elinde ukomisa, wabeka ungqimba omncane wokuqeda ama-putty, okwakugcina ukuhlanzwa kahle ngephepha le-emery.
Ividiyo: Gcina izigqoko ezomile
Ukusebenza okuzungezile imiphetho yesigxobo isebenzisa i-algorithm efanayo. Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukucubungula igridi ekukhoneni - ukwenza lula umsebenzi, i-putty ixutshwe kancane kancane.
Izici zokunyuka kuhlaka
Sithole ukuthi amafolda asetshenziselwa ukusebenzisana nezintambo ezingalingani. Isigaba sokuqala siyiqiniso umaka. Iyenziwa ngeso ephuzu elivelele kunazo zonke, lapho kuzokwenziwa khona izisekelo zesikhathi esizayo.
Kubalulekile! Ngomsebenzi onjalo usebenzisa iphrofayli ehlanganisiwe kuphela.
Imigqa ihola kokubili ngokuzenzekelayo nangokwezansi, ngokudluliselwa ezindongeni eziseduze, ephahleni nasezingeni. Phakathi kwezikhala ezimile ushiye 0.6-1 m (nakuba ungathatha 40 cm ukuqina).
Umhlangano wesakhiwo iqala ngokufakwa kwiphrofayli yokuqondisa, ehlanganiswe nama-dowels. Khona-ke, ukumiswa okuqondile kufakwe, lapho kufakwa khona amaphrofayli angenawo (adlala indima yama-struts futhi aqhubeke ekhononda ngama-press washers).
Ividiyo: indlela yokwenza ifreyimu ye-drywall
Lezi zigodi ngesikhathi semhlangano azitholakali eziqondisweni, ngaphandle kwalokho izingozi zetekisi ziyahamba. Kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuqhuba i-wiring noma ezinye zokuxhumana ngokusebenzisa ifreyimu bese ubeka ungqimba wokushisa noma ukuguqulwa komsindo lapho (uboya obunamaminerali wenza umsebenzi omuhle).
Ngami i-montage kuqala ngaphambi kokufaka ishidi kwisayizi oyifunayo. Kuzohamba ngokushesha uma imigqa ekhomba isikhundla sephrofayela ngaphansi kwamashidi ifakiwe. Baxhunyiwe ngezikrini, ngo-increments ka-15-20 cm.
Lapho uhlangana, ikhanda elibhekene ne-screw kufanele lifakwe kancane emgqeni we-plaster - amaphethelo ahambayo akhishiwe. Kodwa kubalulekile ukubala amandla: ukucindezela okukhulu phezu kwesibukovuli, ungakwazi "ukukhanya" ukugqoka noma ukushiya ukuqhuma.
Indlela ye-skeleton iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kodwa nayo inenzuzo ecacile: ngesikhathi sokufakwa, isikhundla sekhasi singalungiswa ngokuphikisa izinsimbi noma ukuyikhulula.
Uyazi? Ukukhiqizwa kwe-gypsum kufana namashumi ezinkulungwane zamathani. Ngakho-ke, ngo-2010, amathani ayizigidi ezingu-147 zalesi sakhiwo esiluhlaza ayitholiwe emhlabeni.
Ividiyo: ukufakwa kwe-drywall
Umsebenzi oqhubekayo (ikakhulukazi ngezingqimba) unciphisa izenzo ezisejwayelekile: ukubeka igridi nokubeka i-putty, kulandelwa ukupholisa.
Manje unomqondo wokuthi ungasebenza kanjani ne-plasterboard wallding cladding, futhi yini edingekayo kulokhu. Sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo, futhi imiphumela yokulungisa izojabulisa emehlweni. Ukuphumelela nokunemba ekubalweni!
Impendulo evela kubasebenzisi benethiwekhi
