Ngenxa yobuhle bayo nokungathobeki kwayo, i-verbena enkulu i-verbena isetshenziswa kaningi ekubonweni kwamakhabethe, amafasitela nasezindongeni. Noma ngubani angabhekana nokutshala kwalesi sitshalo. Ukuze uthole izimbali eziningi futhi ezinde, udinga ukwazi imithetho eyisisekelo yokuyinakekela.
IVerbena ayinqabuki ezimeni zokuboshwa futhi ithathwa njengesitshalo esingenakuzithoba. Ukuze uyikhulise, udinga:
- Indawo enelanga. Imelana nokukhanya okuyingxenye okulula.
- Inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi noma i-alkaline ene-aeration enhle (ngokuhlanganiswa kwesihlabathi esihlanganayo noma i-vermiculite)
- Ukuchelela okumaphakathi (ukuze amanzi kungaqongeleli).
- Ekuqaleni kwesizini, ukugqoka phezulu ngomanyolo we-nitrogen kufanelekile, ngesikhathi sokuqandula - i-phosphorus-potash (izitolo zithengisa umanyolo owenziwe ngomumo wezitshalo eziqhakazayo).
- Ngemuva kokutshala, isikhala esizungeze isitshalo sesifakiwe. Ngale njongo, kusetshenziswa udaka lwendwangu olubunjiwe ngonyaka owedlule noma utshani obunjiwe. Utshani buhlolelwa imbewu ukuze bungalethi ukhula engadini yezimbali.
I-Verbena enkulukazi
Kubalulekile!Ama-inflorescence aqediwe avele ngokuqhakaza izimbali eziningi nokude.
I-Ampelic verbena, ukutshalwa kwayo kungenzeka ngonyaka, ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali kude nezimpande.
Uma kunesifiso sokushiya lesi sitshalo ekhaya ukuze kube ubusika, sona-ke sidluliselwa kubumba le-cache. Amahlumela asike ku-2/3 ubude bawo. Igumbi kufanele likhanye futhi lipholile - kufika ku-15 ° C. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuncishiswa kube kabili ngenyanga. Umanyolo kufanele ube ne-potassium ne-phosphorus eningi kune-nitrogen. Ukunisela kuyancishiswa. Izimo ezinjalo zihlala kuze kube kuphela kukaFebhuwari.
Lesi sitshalo sisetshenziswa zombili emibhedeni yezimbali nasezitsheni noma emabhodweni. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukutshala kwabantu kanye nezinto eziqukethwe yi-ampel verbena kuyabhekwa.
Ukutshala ebhodweni le-cache
I-verpea yase-Ampelic itshalwe ebhodweni ngemuva kokuqedwa kwentwasahlobo yonke - ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi nasekuqaleni kukaJuni. Isitshalo ngasinye kufanele sibe namalitha ayi-1.5 - 2 omhlabathi. Okusho ukuthi, izitshalo ezingama-2-3 ze-verbena zitshalwa ebhodweni olungamalitha ayi-5, izithombo ezi-4 ebhodweni olungamalitha ayi-7, kanye nezitshalo ezingama-6-8 ebhodweni olungamalitha ayi-10. Kungcono ukuhlela izimbali kude le-25 - 30 cm kusuka komunye nomunye.
Ingqimba yokukhipha amanzi engu-2 kuya ku-3 cm ibekwa phansi kwembiza.Kungcono ukutshala izithombo ngenqwaba yomhlaba ukuze ungaphazamisi izimpande nokuzivumelanisa kwazo ngokushesha.
Izici zokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile
Kungcono ukutshala i-ampule verbena eqenjini. Ngemuva kokuba isikhulile futhi igcwalise izikhala phakathi kwezitshalo, ngeke kube khona indawo yokhula. Isikhathi esiphakathi kokutshala singamasentimitha angama-30 ukuya kweli-30. Cishe amakhophi angama-40 nge-1 m2. Ngokwesilinganiso esiphakeme kakhulu, kusetshenziswa izitshalo ezingama-50 nge-1 m2.
Izithombo ze-verbena zikhulu
Ama verbens asekhaya atshalwe engadini yezimbali ngendlela efanayo nasezimbizeni. Okusho ukuthi, lapho onke ama-frank edlula. Futhi kungcono ukufakelwa ngokudluliselwa - ngokulusizi olungatheni ezimpandeni. Ngaphambi kokutshala, umgodi owembiwe uthululwa ngokucophelela ngamanzi. Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza kahle lapho kubanda lina lina. Ngakho-ke, bakhetha ukukhulisa i-verbena emabhodweni, ukuhlobisa ama-balconies kanye nethala.
Kwenziwa ukusikwa noma ukuhlwanyela imbewu. Indlela ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo.
Ukusika i-verbena ampelous
Imvamisa, izitshalo ezihluka-hlukeneyo zikhuliswa ngale ndlela ukuze izingane zizuze ifa lomfazi ngokuphelele. Kunezinhlobo zemifino ye-verbena. Zizala kuphela ngokuhlukanisa impande noma ukusikwa. Izimbali ezitholakala embewini azihlali zigcina izici ezihlanzekile ezihlanzekile. Futhi, izitshalo ezivela kusiki eziqhakaza ngokushesha.
Ukusika, khetha isitshalo esidala esinempilo. Inqubo yenziwa ngasebusika - kwentwasahlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, amahora okukhanya kwemini asevele enwebeka kakhulu.
Izigaba:
- Ukulungiselela umhlaba wokutshala. Sebenzisa inhlabathi ekhanyayo nenempilo. Ukuze uthole i-aeration engcono, ungangeza i-vermiculite, isihlabathi somfula noma ukhukhunathi.
- Ukudubula okuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okuluhlaza okungaba ngu-6 cm ubude, kube namaqabunga ayi-4-4 kusikwa nge-razor ebukhali. Uma kukhona i-inflorescence kusibambo, iyasuswa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzodinga amandla ukuqhuma.
- Amaqabunga aphansi nawo anconywa ukuba asuswe.
- Phakathi kwesigaxa ne-Internode ephansi kufanele kube igebe lika-1-2 cm.
- I-Petiole icwilisa emanzini, bese ifakwa e-heteroauxin yokwakheka kahle kwezimpande.
- Njengoba sekwenzile umgodi omncane ngomdlalo, kubekwa isiqu lapho. Kufanele iphindwe iphindwe ihambisane ne-internode engezansi.
- Ukusuka ngenhla kwembiza kumbozwe nge-polyethylene, ingilazi noma phezulu okunqunywe ebhodleleni lepulasitiki. Ithangi kufanele ingene umoya nsuku zonke imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku. Futhi inhlabathi kufanele ibe manzi.
- Izitshalo zigcinwa ethunzini elingatheni. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3, amaqabunga amasha kufanele avele. Ngakho-ke i-verbena igxilile.
Ukunaka!Inhlabathi kumele ibulawe amagciwane. Incandescent, ichitha amanzi abilayo noma i-potanganum permanganate.
Ukuqoqwa kwembewu
Ukuthola imbewu yakho kusuka ku-verbena, udinga ukulinda kuze kube yilapho amabhokisi ezitshalo evuthwa futhi eba mnyama. Ngemuva kwalokhu, izithelo ziyabekwa bese zibekwa endwangu noma ephephandabeni ukuze imbewu yomile. Kwesinye isikhathi ziyaxutshwa ngokulinganayo. Amabhokisi omisiwe ayavula athulule imbewu kuwo, agcinwa emathinini noma esikhwameni sephepha kuze kube yilapho ehlwanyela.
Ukuqoqwa kwembewu enkulu ye-verbena ezithelo
Imininingwane eyengeziwe! Izitshalo ezitshalwe kusuka ezinhlanyelweni zingahle zingafani nezitshalo zabazali, ikakhulukazi kusuka kumasampula we-hybrid. Isibonelo, zingaba nombala wezimbali ohlukile.
Ukutshala nokutshala iVerbena
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kunconyelwa ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari - Mashi. Imbewu isatshalaliswa enhlabathini elungiselelwe, ishiye igebe eliphakathi kwawo kube ngu-3-4 cm. Fafaza inhlabathi encane phezulu. Isitsha simbozwe ngengilazi noma ngefilimu. Amahlumela avela ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-2-2 emazingeni okushisa angama-20- 25 ° C. Lapho imbewu ibeka, kubalulekile ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa kufika ku-16 - 18 ° C. Izithombo zitshalwa emavikini amathathu ngemuva kokuvela kwazo.
Ukuze isitshalo singaboli, ithangi lingena umoya nsuku zonke. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe nomswakama, kepha ngaphandle kokuqina kwamanzi. Kunconywa ukufaka umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi njalo ngeviki. Izinhlobo ezi-hybrid ze-ampel verbena azidingi ukuphaneka, ngoba zinama-branching athuthukiswe kahle.
Ngaphambi kokutshala emigwaqweni noma kuvulandi, izitshalo ziqine. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khuphula kancane isikhathi "sokuhamba" emoyeni ovulekile. Lapho ilanga selinamandla, kungakuhle ukuthi umboze nge-gauze noma ngephephandaba elingabili ukuze isitshalo singashisi.
Uma lesi sitshalo siphilile, khona-ke sinokuzivikela komzimba okuhle. Futhi uma izinambuzane zivela noma zihlasela izifo, imbali iyamelana nazo futhi izizwe kahle. Kodwa-ke, okuqukethwe okungafanele kunciphisa amandla wesitshalo. IVerbena ingaphansi kwezifo ezejwayelekile:
- ukubola kwentamo yezimpande zezithombo, aziwa kakhulu ngokuthi "umlenze omnyama";
- ukubola okungwevu (isikhunta);
- i-Powdery isikhutha (amhlophe ezinhlamvu omhlophe asatshalaliswa kuzimbali namaqabunga).
Kubalulekile! Ngokuvimbela nokwelashwa, baphathwa nge-fungicides.
Kukhona ukuthanda amagciwane amahlumela. Kubonakala njenge-chlorosis necrosis. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lesi sitshalo siyafa. Esigabeni, izintambo zokudonsa ziyabonakala - zi-exudate.
Kulokhu, isibulala-zinambuzane sizosiza. Ezitolo, kutholakala i-fungic fungic ehlelekile kanye ne-bacterium ebanzi.
Phakathi kwezinambuzane, okulimaza kakhulu: izibungu zesicabucabu, ama-aphid, ama-thrips.
- I-spider mite, enabantu abaningi, yakha i-spider web emaqabungeni. Kuyabonakala ikakhulukazi kumahlumela amancane. Ngasohlangothini oluhlukile lweshidi, kubonakala sengathi iziqwenga zezikhumba ezinamakhaza.
- Ama-aphid, ngokuqongelela okunamandla, gcoba amahlumela ngobisi lwawo olunamathelayo. Ngenxa yalokho, lesi sitshalo asikhuliswanga kahle futhi singafa.
- Ama-thrips adla izitshalo, ahlala emaqabungeni nasezimbali. Babonwa indawo enamaqabunga eqabulayo.
Emgwaqweni, isibalo sabo asikhuphuki ngamanani amakhulu ngenxa yemvula, izinyoni, umoya. Emakhaya, lezi zinambuzane ziyachuma. Isitshalo esivela kubo singalashwa nge-phytoerm. Lo mkhiqizo webhayoloji ongafaki usongo olukhulu kubantu nasezilwaneni. Okungenani izindlela ezimbili zokwelashwa kufanele zenziwe ngokuphumula kwezinsuku eziyi-10.
Ngakho-ke, ngokubheka izenzo ezilula lapho utshala futhi ushiya i-ampben verbena, ungakujabulela ukuqhakaza kwawo kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo kuya eqhweni.
