Amagilebhisi uViolet kusenesikhathi: indlela yokukhula enezici eziguquguqukayo

Amagilebhisi uValv adumile kusukela ezikhathini zaseSoviet. Kusuka kulo ukuthi basayenza iwayini elidumile kakhulu le-Muscat Steppe Rose. Amajikijolo anephunga langempela lokukhumbuza iphunga lama roses. Ezifundeni ze-viticulture zezimboni, izinhlobonhlobo azinakho ukuqina okulinganayo. Ezindaweni ezinkulu ukhule njengongasembozi. UViolet kusenesikhathi unezinye izinzuzo, kepha kukhona nezinkinga ezidinga ukucatshangelwa lapho ukhula.

Umlando weViolethi wasekuqaleni kukaViolet

Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo le e-Euro-Amur hybrid idolobha laseNovocherkassk, Isifunda saseRostov. Kutholakala ukungcoliswa izinhlobo: North and Muscat of Hamburg. Umsebenzi wokukhetha wenziwa ngochwepheshe be-All-Russian Research Institute eqanjwe ngemuva kweSoviet agrobiologist Y. I. Potapenko. Isithombo sahlukaniswa phakathi kwabanye ngo-1947. Isicelo sokubhaliswa kukaViolet ekuqaleni kweRegional State of Plants safakwa ngo-1957. Amagilebhisi angena ezivivinyweni ezahlukahlukene zombuso kwathi emva kweminyaka eyi-8, ngonyaka we-1965, afakwa kwirejista yokuphumelela kokukhethwa. Izindawo zokwamukelwa - I-Lower Volga neNyakatho Caucasus. Ikhule kwezinye izindawo, kodwa ezimweni zezulu ezihlukile, i-hybrid ayikhombisi ukunemba nokukhiqiza kwayo.

Amagilebhisi Anombala wokuqala aphakathi aphakathi nendawo, kepha anomnandi kakhulu, onamakha futhi amnandi

Amagilebhisi akuqala athandana nabatshali abaningi ngokungenambitheki, ukumelana nesithwathwa, ukubumbana nokunambitheka okuhle kwamajikijolo ngephunga le-nutmeg. Lapho sicindezelwa, isilinganiso sejusi singama-84% ngesisindo sezithelo! Amagilebhisi alungile njengethebula, ukusetshenziswa okusha, kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa ezingavuthiwe.

Izinhlobonhlobo zithandwa kakhulu kangangokuba kwenziwa izinganekwane ngemvelaphi yazo futhi izingxoxo ziyaqhubeka ezinhlanganweni. Ungathola izinkomba zeViolet zakuqala iVoronezh. Ukuloba kufakwa kuM. Abuzov, umsunguli wezincwadi, ama-atlases nezincwadi ezinikezwe i-viticulture. Kukhona noViolet wesithathu ekuqaleni, odume ngokuthi yiLevokumsky. Mhlawumbe isizathu sisesimweni samahlamvu omvini anhlobonhlobo. Ihluke kakhulu, futhi ababhekeli iwayini, bathola ukungezwani ngalesi sizathu, bazama ukukhombisa ukuthi banesikhungo “sangempela” seViolet kusenesikhathi.

Ividiyo: isibuyekezo samagilebhisi uViolet ekuqaleni (Julayi, Voronezh)

Incazelo yebanga

Into yokuqala noma yimuphi umlimi ayinaka lapho ekhetha izithombo yikhwalithi nenani lezithelo azokuthola. Ama-izithelo zokuqala zomvini weViolet zivame ukuvuthwa emva kwezinsuku eziyi-134 emva kokukhula. Uma intwasahlobo ibisaqala, ihlobo lishisa, khona-ke amajikijolo okuqala anganambitheka ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-120. Futhi okuphambene nalokho, kulayini ophakathi kanye nezinye izifunda ezinehlobo elifushane nelipholile, leli gilebhisi lingaze lavuthwa. Amajikijolo ahlabelelwa ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba, kanti ewayinini kuvame ukulenga emivini kwamanye amasonto angama-2-3. Ezindaweni zokulima eziyingozi ngalesi sikhathi kukhona kakade amaqhwa.

Izithelo zincane - ngu-2-3 g ngamunye, ezindaweni ezinamanzi - aze afike ku-5-6 g. Inzuzo enkulu yezinhlobonhlobo ukuthi ihlala ithela futhi ngaphandle kokunisela, kodwa bese izihlahla zikhula kabi. Ukulungiswa kweqoqo kuyadingeka. I-peel kumajikijolo ngumbala onsomi omnyama, ocishe ube mnyama, umbozwe ngokuhlanganiswa okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ngaphakathi kwamajikijolo acishe abe mnyama weViolet kusanda kuba nenyama ebonakalayo, ujusi ovela kuyo uthukwe unganombala

Naphezu kombala onjalo omkhulu ngaphandle, inyama ngaphakathi ibonakala, ujusi awunamibala. Ukunambitheka kumnandi, kumnandi, kunephunga elimnandi lama roses. I-berry ngayinye inezinhlamvu ezingama-2-3. Ama-bunchi akhula ngesilinganiso afinyelela ku-17 cm ubude, anesisindo esingama-200 g. Ukwakheka kwesimo sesilinda, ukudonsa phezulu, kwesinye isikhathi kube nephiko (igatsha eliseceleni). I-brashi ayikhululekile, ngakho-ke, kungcono ukukhetha noma ukusika amajikijolo ngasikhathi sinye bese udla esihlahleni ngqo.

Iqoqo le-cylindrical yokuqala onsomi, kwesinye isikhathi elinamaphiko

Amaqabunga, ngokusho kwencazelo yama-viniga, ahlukaniswa noma asikwe kancane, ayindilinga ngokuphelele, aphelele, anciphile noma abushelelezi, anamaqabunga amathathu noma amahlanu. Konke lokhu kwehluka kungabonakala ngisho nasehlathini elilodwa. Noma ngokusho kwemininingwane evela kuRejista Yezwe, iqabunga kufanele lihlakazeke ngokujulile ngobuncane obuncane bokuphamba komhlaba ongezansi.

UViolet usheshe abeke isitshalo isivinini. Kodwa-ke, iziqu zincane izikhathi eziphindwe ka-2 kabili kunezihlumela ezithela izithelo. Njengengxenye yokulungiswa kwezitshalo, kunconywa ukuthi zisuswe, uma kungenjalo isikhathi sokuvuthwa sizonwetshwa, iziqu eziyinhloko zizokhula futhi zivuthwe kancane.

Ividiyo: UViolet wakuqala ukukhula, amaqoqo kuma-stepons

Izinzuzo nobubi beViolet kusheshe kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo (ithebula)

Izici zomvini ezikhulayo uViolet kusenesikhathi

Izici zokunakekelwa ikakhulu zincike ezimfanelweni zezinhlobonhlobo: zinike amandla, zinikeze umsebenzi ongemuhle. Isibonelo, ukwakheka kwenhlabathi ephansi kwenza lula ukutshala. Akunasidingo sokumba imigodi emikhulu bese uyigcwalisa ngenhlabathi evulekile. Futhi, okuphambene nalokho, ukungazinzi kwe-Powdery hlobo (i-oidium) kuzodinga ukuthi uchithe isikhathi esithe xaxa esivinini ukwenza ukufafaza okufafazayo. Kepha ukwazi ubuthakathaka, kulula ukuzungeza futhi ungalahli isivuno.

Imivini yakuqala yeViolet inciphile futhi iyakhasa, kepha isivuno sigcinelwe yona, ngakho-ke ama-trellises amakhulu adinga ukusungulwa aqine

I-Landing Purple Kwasekuqaleni

Yize izinhlobonhlobo zingenakuzithoba, zikhula kahle emhlabathini wobumba, noma kunjalo, kufanelekile ukunaka okufanele lapho utshala. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukukhetha indawo kanye nomgodi wokulungiselela olungiselelwe kahle sekuyingxenye yempumelelo. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, akudingekile ukukhetha indawo enelanga kakhulu ye-hybrid yakuqala. Esivinini esikhulu, lapho kukhula khona izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, izindawo ezinhle kakhulu zinikezwa izinhlobo ezisekupheleni kwezithelo ezinkulu.

Uma uthenge isithombo esitsheni noma enkomishini, ungasitshala kusuka ngoMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba, futhi ngohlelo oluvulekile lwezimpande entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Lungiselela isihlalo emavikini angama-2-3:

1. Bumba umgodi ngokujula nobubanzi obungama-50-60 cm.
2. Phansi, beka ungqimba lwamanzi ayi-10 cm: isitini esaphukile, udaka olwandisiwe noma izingcezu ezincane zamagatsha awugqinsi.
3. Hlanganisa umhlaba othathwe kusuka phezulu 30 cm noma ngefudu nge-peat, humus, isihlabathi ngokulingana okulinganayo.
4. Faka u-0.5 l womlotha no-40-50 g we-superphosphate egodini elilodwa lokufika.
5. Xuba konke kahle bese ugcwalisa umgodi ngale ngxube.

Umgodi ojwayelekile wokufaka amagilebhisi: ukujula kwamafosholo amabili e-bayonet, amanzi abekwe phansi

Uma wenza umgodi ngosuku olwedlule, izinsuku ezingama-1-2 ngaphambi kokutshala, bese uthele ukuze umhlaba uqhubeke bese ufaka ezinye izingxube zenhlabathi. Usuku ngaphambi kokutshala, izithombo ezitsheni nazo zithululelwa kahle, futhi ngohlelo lwezimpande oluvulekile, beka izimpande kusixazululo seZircon (amaconsi angama-40 ilitha elilodwa lamanzi). Ngosuku lokutshala ngokusho kwephethini le-1x1.5 m, bhala izimbobo ezihambelana nosayizi wezimpande zezithombo, isitshalo, amanzi kanye nesithombo semifino. Uma uhlela ukukhula, njengefomu lokumboza, ngaphandle kwesiqu, khona-ke lesi yisithombo kudingeka ukuthi sijuleke egatsheni lokuqala elisethulini. Imivini eguquguqukayo kuphela ezosala ngaphezulu, ebusika ingagobeka ibekwe phansi.

Ividiyo: abalimi abasaqala abalokhuni

Amabhasi

Ngonyaka wokuqala ngemuva kokutshala, amahlumela akhulayo angaxhunywa ezigxotsheni eziphakeme, kepha ngesizini elandelayo ama-trellises athembekile futhi anaphakade, ngokwesibonelo, kusukela ngamapayipi wensimbi, azodingeka. Izihlahla kunconywa entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwamahlamvu Njengoba abaningi baphuze iwayini, imivini engasokile ebusika ingcono.

I-Common for Violet iphethini yokuqala yokwakheka - imikhono emi-4

Izindlela ezimbili zokwenza i-Purple Violet ziyenziwa:

• Isikhombisi esingenamacebo angu-4 esinendawo yokukhosela ebusika.
• Esisandla esiphindwe kabili esinokulinywa okungasebenzi. Ukuphakama kwesiqu kungu-1,2 m.

Ukwakhiwa kwesitampu kwamagilebhisi: kumikhono emibili (isibalo esingaphezulu), ngemikhono emi-4 (isibalo esiphansi); amahlumela athela izithelo phansi, futhi aboshwe, njengasesimweni esingenamampu

Amahlathi kaViolet anamandla okuqala okuqala okukhula ngawo, kepha isivuno sikhula sikhulu, ngakho-ke akukho ngaphezulu kwamehlo ayi-5-7 asele emkhalweni ngamunye, naku-1-2 amaqoqo edubuleni ngalinye.

Ukunisela nokondla Purple kusenesikhathi

Nisela izihlahla ngonyaka wokutshala kanye njalo emavikini ayi-2-3, kodwa ngobuningi (amabhakede ama-2-3 ngesitshalo ngasinye) futhi kuphela lapho kungekho mvula. Akudingekile ukugcwalisa izimbobo ngezithombo, amanzi azodonsa umoya enhlabathini, izimpande zibole. Isivini esikhiqiza izithelo sidinga ukunisela:

• entwasahlobo, ekuqaleni kwesikhathi sokukhula, kodwa kuphela uma kungenziwanga yiqhwa ezinsukwini ezilandelayo;
• ngaphambi kokuqhakaza;
• phakathi nenkathi lapho amajikijolo akhula afinyelela kusayizi wethanga.

Izinga lokunisela - amalitha angama-50-70 ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Lapho amajikijolo esefinyelele usayizi wawo, sekusele isonto ngaphambi kokuqala kokugcwala kwawo, ukuthambisa kumiswe. Kepha le yimithetho ejwayelekile, lapho usebenza, udinga ukugxila kwisimo sezitshalo zakho, isimo sezulu, futhi futhi unaka ukwakheka kwenhlabathi.

Ividiyo: izindlela ezimbili zokunisela amagilebhisi (ukunisela okwenziwa ekhaya kanye nomsele)

Uma izihlahla ziyeka ukukhula ngaphambi kwesikhathi, noma kunesomiso, khona-ke ukuthambisa okwengeziwe kuyadingeka. Inhlabathi enobumba azihambeli kahle amanzi kuzo, kepha ezinesihlabathi, kunalokho, umswakama awuhlali; udinga ukunisela amagilebhisi kuwo izikhathi ezi-1.5 kaningi. Kodwa-ke, ukuthambisa njalo kuholela ekufakweni kwezakhi zomzimba, izimpawu ze-chlorosis - kuphuzi kwamaqabunga - kungavela emvinini. Le nkinga ixazululwa kalula ngohlelo lokusebenza lomanyolo.

Imbangela ye-chlorosis ukuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba; lesi sifo sivame ukukhula emhlabathini onesihlabathi esivumela kalula amanzi noketshezi ukuthi kudlule

Eminyakeni emithathu yokuqala ngemuva kokutshala, awudingi ukufaka umanyolo amagilebhisi. Kukholelwa ukuthi unokudla okwanele okulethwa emgodini wokufika. Kepha uma kunezimpawu zokukhula okumangalisa, ngokwesibonelo, isithombo sikhula kancane kunabanye, khona-ke singondliwa ngokufaniswa nesihlahla esidala.
Ingxenye enkulu yomanyolo isetshenziswa ekwindla ngesilinganiso: 10-16 kg we-humus noma komquba kanye no-200-300 g wokhuni lomlotha ngesitshalo ngasinye. Buyela emuva usuka esisekelweni sesihlahla esingama-50 cm bese wenza ukubhula okucashile okujulile kube ngu-25 cm. - Vula i-humus ngokulinganayo, uthuli ngomlotha, amanzi bese ukala umkhondo.

Masinyane ngemuva kokuqhakaza, amaviki ama-2 ngaphambi kokuqhakaza futhi ehlobo, lapho amajikijolo akhula ngosayizi wethanga, anikeze okondlayo okusamanzi kusuka ku-mullein:

1. Dilute slurry ngamanzi 1: 3.
2. Beka endaweni efudumele ukuze isixazululo siqale ukubila.
3. Ngemuva kwesonto, ukuvutshelwa kungasetjenziswa njengokugqoka okuphezulu, okuhlanjululwe ngamanzi 1: 5.

Thela amabhakede ama-2 wokufaka ngaphansi kwesihlahla esisodwa. Faka isicelo kuphela emhlabathini omanzi, okungukuthi, hlanganisa ukugqoka okungaphezulu nokunisela. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-3-4, uthuli phansi kwenhlabathi ngaphansi kwezihlahla ngomlotha (200-300 g ngaphansi kwesihlahla) ukhululwe.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo ngamanyolo e-nitrogen, umlotha akufanele ungezwe. I-Alkali ihlangana ne-nitrogen ukwakha i-ammonia eguquguqukayo. Ukudla okuningi kuzohwamuka.

Ividiyo: ukugqokwa okuphezulu kwamagilebhisi ngama-microelements

Ukuvikelwa ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni

Musa ukulinda izimpawu zomonakalo kumagilebhisi ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni, fafaza sifutha. Ngakho-ke, kusuka ku-oidium nezinye izifo zesikhunta, kwanele ukwenza izindlela ezimbili zokwelapha (entwasahlobo nasekwindla) ngamalungiselelo aqukethe ithusi, isibonelo, i-HOM (40 g nge-10 l) noma u-1% weBordeaux. Faka umswakama zonke amahlumela namaqabunga, kanye nomhlabathi ngaphansi kwezihlahla. Amaqabunga aphuzi, awomile, anamabala ayakhumula futhi ashise.

Ividiyo: uhlelo lokucubungula amagilebhisi ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni ngezidakamizwa zesimanje (Ukraine)

Ukusuka ezinambuzaneni kuya eziqhakaza ngamaqabunga nasekwindla, ngemuva kokuvuna, ungasebenzisa ama-insecticides aqinile ngesibalo esikhulu sezenzo: I-Aktara, iKarbofos, i-Aktelik, njll. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, njalo emva kweminyaka engama-3-4, phatha ngesixazululo seNitrafen. Umuthi ulwa nezifo kanye nezinambuzane ngasikhathi sinye.

Kungani amagilebhisi eqhwa ahlala eningizimu

Yize lokhu okuhlanganisiwe kumelana neziqandisi ezinzima futhi kukhulele eningizimu, abahloli beewayini bayalulekwa, noma kunjalo, ukukuvikela ebusika. Okungenani khipha imivini ku-trellis, uylale bese uyimboza ngomhlaba othobekile. Amagilebhisi angamboziwe ebusika angathintwa yizimvula zeqhwa. Ukugcona kwehla emazingeni okushisa aphansi we-subzero, imivini imbozwe ungqimba olugqinsi lweqhwa. Ngaphansi kwesisindo sayo zingaphula.

Imiphumela yemvula eqandayo - amahlumela ambozwe ngokuphelele ungqimba olugqinsi lweqhwa

Enye ingozi: iqhwa liyancibilika, amanzi angena ngaphansi kwesikali sezinso futhi aqandeke lapho. Ingxenye yezinso ilimele. Awukwazi ukwephula iqhwa, lokhu kuzodala ingozi enkulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukungathathi izingozi, ukhule amagilebhisi ngendlela yokumboza futhi uwavikele esimweni sezulu sasebusika.

Ividiyo: ukuvimba amagilebhisi anamathe emhlanga

Ukuvuna nokusebenza

Amagilebhisi avunwa kusengaphambili onsomi, kunjalo, esimweni sezulu esomile. Sika amabhulashi ngesikele bese uwafaka emabhokisini angajulile, ngaphansi kwawo kumbozwe ngephepha. Ngesikhathi sokuqoqa, zama ukungathinti amajikijolo ukuze ungalimazi indibilishi ye-wax ebusweni bawo.

Sika isixha ngesikhafu, ungabambe ngamajikijolo, kodwa ngehlumela

I-violet yakuqala kungumvini owuhlobo luni lonke olungele zonke izinhlobo zokuvuna kanye nokusetshenziswa okusha. Amajikijolo awekho amakhulu, angomiswa, bese iqhwa lingasetshenziswa esikhundleni seqhwa futhi njengomhlobiso: faka izingilazi ewayinini elipholile, i-cognac, i-champagne, i-cocktails. Kepha inqwaba yesitshalo iya ekwenzeni amajusi newayini. Amajikijolo aleligilebhisi amnandi futhi amnandi, kepha ijusi alinawo umbala kanye ne-acidity. Ngakho-ke, ama-winemaker abandakanyeka ekuhlanganiseni: ngoba kwenziwa umvini owodwa wokuphuza amamaki ayi-2-3. Ama-spin-ups nawo awalahlwanga kude, i-mash elimnandi lilungiswa kubo futhi ligxishwe ku-grappa ne-brandy.

I-Muscat steppe rose iwayini elibomvu selikhiqizwe kusukela ngo-1965 futhi lenziwa kusukela kumagilebhisi akuqala we-Purple akhula yiVNIIViV im. Potapenko

Ukubuyekezwa mayelana namagilebhisi Purple kusenesikhathi

Kwake kwaba isikhathi esithile, watshala lokhu okuhlukahlukene. Kokunye ehlobo, uthole i-powdery hlobo (i-oidium), wasusa izinhlobonhlobo. Kodwa lapho, kulo nyaka ekunambeni eVoronezh, enambitha iwayini, ngokushesha wathatha izingcezu zalolu hlobo oluhlukahlukene. Manje sezibambile. I wayini ayijwayelekile, futhi iqinile, ayinambitheki, i-nutmeg engajwayelekile. Ngikweluleka ukuthi uqale, kepha gcina isifutho sosizi silungile ...

Akovantsev Mikhail

//www.vinograd777.ru/forum/showthread.php?t=124

Ibanga elihle uViolet kusenesikhathi. Amajikijolo amnandi kakhulu, angaqedwa emisha futhi kungenziwa newayini, iwayini lihle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi isobho.

yurr

//kievgarden.org.ua/viewtopic.php?f=55&t=270&start=20

Yebo, lokhu, ukuhlukahluka okumnandi kakhulu, kwendlela yendawo yonke, futhi okumnandi kuhlala kugula. Indodana esencane iyamthanda futhi ayidle, futhi njengoba izinyoni zimthanda, azikhethi zonke izinhlobo. Ngenze le wayini ukuba yomile, kulo nyaka ngihlela ukuba nayo yonke i-lime yami ye-nutmeg yesobho.

saratov

//www.vinograd777.ru/forum/showthread.php?t=124

Ngonyaka odlule ngasebenza sonke isivini amahlandla ama-2, ngalezi zindlela zokwelapha uViolet akuzange kulimaze lutho nakancane. Ngonyaka owedlule ngafafaza isikhathi esingu-1, futhi futhi angigulanga

I-Viticulture yeRostov

//www.you tube.com/watch?v=NFCcgUvWXC0

Ubuye wadubula i-Purple yokuqala, amakhilogremu ayi-11 aqhamuka emahlathini amancane. 9 esihlahleni esisodwa no-2 kwesinye. Ijusi lakhe limnandi nje!

Vadim waseRostov

//lozavrn.ru/index.php/topic,1188.75.html

Amagilebhisi asekuqaleni kwama-violet akhombisa umkhiqizo wawo nokuvuthwa kwangaphambi kwezifunda zaseningizimu kuphela. Lapha ukhule ngempumelelo ngisho naphezu kwenhlabathi esindayo nasemithambekeni yanoma yikuphi ukubuka. Kukhethwa ifomu lokumboza elingenasisekelo ukuze kungenzeka ukubeka imivini ebusika futhi kuvikeleke i-icing yezinso.Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu okuhlanganisiwe kudinga ukufafazwa okuvikelekile ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni. Wonke umsebenzi uyakhokha ngokuvunwa kwamajikijolo amnandi futhi anamakha angena kulungiswa kwewayini le-natimeg edume.