Isihlahla sesithelo i-mulberry, enegama elinye - umberry wamabele noma umberry wamabele Ngeshwa, akuyona indawo ehlala njalo emasimini noma emakhanini, ngoba akubona bonke abalimi abajwayele lesi sitshalo, okunikeza izithelo ezihlwabusayo kakhulu futhi ezinempilo. Kulesi sihloko sizofunda ngokuningiliziwe ngamameriyamu omhlophe, incazelo yalo kanye nezici zokulima nokukhiqiza.
Kubalulekile! Ukudla amajikijolo kamamerala akhula eduze kwemigwaqo kanye nezitshalo zezimboni ayinconywa ngoba athola ubuthi kanye nezinsimbi ezisindayo.
Umberry wamhlophe: incazelo
UMelberry wamhlophe (uMorus alba) weza kithi evela eChina futhi kakade sithandana nabalimi abathile. Ukuphakama kwalesi sihlahla esisakazeka kufinyelela kumamitha angu-16-20, kanti ubukhulu be-trunk bungaba ngu-0.8 m. Uhlelo lwempande lunamandla, umqhele oqinile unomumo oyingqayizivele. Umbala wamagatsha amancane uhluka kusuka ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuze kube mnandi, igxolo elinyanyisiwe le-trunk livame ukugqamile ngombala. Amaqabunga emifino ayimifino e-oval ephethe ukuphela okuqondile; umuthi owodwa usuhlakazekile futhi uphelele, uthintana nokuthinta. Umbala wamaqabunga ehlobo - umbala ocebile ohlaza, owelayo oba ophuzi ophuzi. Izimbali zombala omhlophe, ukubonakala okungavamile, zijwayele ukuzitholela impova.
Izihlahla ze-dioecious ziyi-dioecious, ekuqaleni kwehlobo ziveza isivuno sembewu enamakha amahle namnandi-afana nama-raspberries. Umamerari omhlophe unikeza izithelo kuze kufike ku-4-5 cm ubude obumhlophe, obomvu noma obumnyama, ezidliwayo ezisha futhi ezomile, kanye nokulondolozwa. Kwamanye amazwe, izihlahla zamabelebhili zikhulile ukuze zondle umquba futhi zikhiqize izintambo zemvelo zesilika.
Uyazi? I-Mberrybri - umsindisi wangempela wesihlahla, ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, uphila iminyaka engaba ngu-300.
Izici zokutshala umamberry wamhlophe
I-fruiting eningi yama mulberries omhlophe iqala kusukela ngonyaka wesihlanu wokuphila, Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isihlahla sesilisa sezithelo ngeke sinike, kodwa sizokujabulela kuphela ukubukeka kwayo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise isilwane esineminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala, esivele sinikeze amajikijolo okuqala, ngokutshala izihlahla zezithelo kulesi sakhiwo. Ngakho uqinisekisiwe ukuthola umuthi wamabelebhisi othela izithelo.
Ukukhetha indawo yokufika
Ukutshala ama-mulberries kwenziwa ekupheleni kwekwindla, ngaphambi kwezimvula zonyaka, noma phakathi kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokugeleza kwe-sap. I-mulberry ibhilidi idinga ukuvikelwa emifuleni yomoya obandayo, ngakho-ke i-mulberry ibandakanya ukukhethwa ngokucophelela kwesayithi lokufika, lapho ukuthuthukiswa komuthi nokukhathalela kuyoxhomeke khona. Ukufika emthambekeni oseningizimu kunenzuzo kakhulu kulesi sitshalo. I-kamalibhele izokukhula kahle futhi izithele izithelo endaweni enhle ye-loamy noma ye-sandy loam. Lesi sitshalo asamukeli umhlabathi onosawoti, owomhlabathi noma owomileyo. Lapho i-mulberry ibhula, i-groundwater level kumele ingabi ngaphezu kuka-150 cm.
I-White Mulberry Planting Pattern
Umgodi wokutshala wamameriyamu omhlophe kufanele udunywe okungenani amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokutshala ukuma phansi. Uhlelo lokuhlelwa kwemithi yamameriyamu lungamamitha angu-5 * amane. Uma uhlela ukutshala i-mulberryberry yesihlahla, sebenzisa uhlelo olumayelana namamitha amabili * amathathu. Umgodi wokugibela udonswa ekujuleni kwe-0.6 m, kanti ubukhulu bawo buba ngu-0.7 * 0.7 m. Umhlaba uhlanganiswe nama-humus ovela emgodini, ezinye zihlanganiswa phakathi nendawo ngendlela yokuthiwa yi-hillock, lapho i-seedling ifakwa khona futhi ifafazwe nayo yonke ingxube ye-nutrient.
Kubalulekile! Uhlelo lwe-mulberryberry luyinkimbinkimbi, izimpande ziphumula kalula, ngakho-ke isithombo kufanele sitshalwe ngokucophelela.
I-mulberry emhlophe: izici ezikhulayo
Umuthi we-mulberry ibhekwa njengenye yezitshalo ezingenakuzithoba, kungadingi imizamo eqondile yokuyikhula, kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa ngesikhathi. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi singayinakekela kanjani imithibhele emhlophe ukuze umuthi ukhule kahle futhi ube nezithelo eziningi iminyaka eminingi.
Ukunakekelwa kweMvula yaseMelberry
I-mberry yamhlophe, lapho ikhulile esiqhingini, idinga ukuchelela okulinganisela kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Julayi ngesikhathi sokulala, uma izinyanga zasehlobo zinyuka, ukuchelela kwasehlobo kwenziwa kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukunisela kwenziwa ngezinga lama-10 amalitha amanzi afudumele ngomuthi omdala omdala. Kusukela ehlobo nasekupheleni kwekwindla, umuthi wamabhiliyamu awuphuziswa ukuze ugweme ukulimala phakathi kwamaqhwa kanye nokushintshashintsha okubukhali kokushisa phakathi nenkathi yasebusika yedormancy. Inhlabathi engxenyeni yesondo kufanele ikhululwe njalo, ivimbele ukwakhiwa kwe-crust eyomile, futhi ibuye isuse ngesikhathi sonke ukhula olungalulaza inhlabathi. Kunconywa ukuba umquba umhlabathi ozungeza umuthi wamabelebhisi nge-sawdust noma amagxolo aqhekekile, lokhu kuzosiza ukugcina umswakama emhlabathini ehlobo, kanti ebusika izimpande zizovikelwa ekuqandeni.
Izici zokusika izinkuni
I-mulberry emhlophe, ngaphandle kokunakekela inhlabathi, idinga ukusika izihlahla kanye nokubunjwa komqhele, okuwukuthi, njengoba umthetho, ukubekezelela kahle. Ukwakha nokuvuselela izihlahla zomunyuzi omhlophe kwenziwa entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuphuka kwephunga. Izihlahla ezihlanzekile zenziwa ngemuva kokuwa kwamahlamvu ekwindla, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lingekho ngezansi -5 degrees. Umqhele wamabherebhisi we-shtambovanny ukhiwa ngendlela yebhola noma i-cascading cascade, engekho ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-3-4 ubude kuze kufike ku-1.5-2 m ububanzi. Amagatsha waminyaka yonke kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJulayi, ekunciphiseni ukukhula okusebenzayo kwamahlumela. Ekwindla, amagatsha omisiwe omuthi wamabelebhili anqunywe, kanye nalabo abathintekayo yizilokazane noma izifo, kulandelwa izinsalela zezitshalo zokushisa. Amagatsha amancane angenazimbumbulu aqhwaza ekwindla-ebusika, asuswa entwasahlobo, emva kwalokho umuthi ukhulula amahlumela amasha. I-mberry yamanzi ehlumayo ivela emahlumela asendulo, ehlanganisa amagxolo e-cork.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwesihlahla sikamberry
Kuze kube yisikhathi lapho umamerari eqala ukuthela izithelo ngemuva kokutshala, ukutshala umanyolo akuyona into ephoqelekile yokunakekelwa komuthi, egcwele ngokwanele ukuthuthukiswa okugcwele kwezakhi ezifakwe emhlabathini ngesikhathi sokutshala. Njengoba umuthi uba ukhula, baqala ukuwondla. Qinisekisa ukufaka umanyolo esiteji somuthi wamabelebhisi we-fruiting.
Ukutshala umuthi wamabelebhisi kuqala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngesikhathi kukhula kwezinso. Ukuze wenze lokhu, qeda ama-50 g we-nitroammophoska ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi afudumele, lokhu kusetjenziswa kusetjenziswa kumitha ngayinye yekwele. m umbuthano we-pristvolny. Ukuvuselela kabusha kuyenzeka ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ngoba le manyolo enkukhu ixubene namanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1 kuya ku-12, noma usebenzise umquba obunzima wokukhiqiza izimboni ngokulandela imiyalelo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukudla kunqatshelwe kuze kube sekupheleni kwe-fruiting, kuzovumela isihlahla ukuba sigcwalise ukukhula kwamahlumela futhi silungiselele i-dormancy ebusika. Ama-phosphorus nama-potash umquba angasetshenziswa ekwindla ebusika okuyinto ezondla izimpande nezakhi, kanti entwasahlobo umuthi uyoba nokugcina amandla okukhula nokuhluma.
Indlela yokunakekela amabelebhile ebusika
Ngemuva kokuba izihlahla zemithi kamalibhele zenziwe ngokuhlanzeka zenziwe ekwindla, isiyingi saso esiseduze sigcwele umswakama noma amahlamvu asomile futhi alungiselelwe isikhathi sasebusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka phakathi kwekwindla ukushintsha amagatsha aguquguqukayo emthini wamabhilikhidi phansi bese uwamboza ubusika ngezingubo ezingenayo ingubo engavunyelwe emhlabathini ngamatshe noma ezinye izisindo ukuze ugweme ukulimala nokuvulwa komuthi wamabelebhisi. Izinto ezifanayo zokumboza kufanele zimboze ingxenye engezansi ye-trunk ukuyivikela emanzini okudla ekhanda elincane. Ekupheleni kwamaqhwa ebusuku ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, indawo yokukhosela isusiwe. Imizamo enjalo yokulungiselela ubusika iyadingeka kuphela eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila komamerari ukuyiqinisa nokugwema ukuqhwaza, umuthi omdala awudingi indawo yokuhlala.
Kubalulekile! Uma kunesidingo, hlanganisa umthamo onesihlabathi, kutuswa ukutshala izihlahla zomthilakhi, okuyizihlahla zabo ezikhulayo, ezikhula ngobubanzi, inhlabathi ebophayo.
Izici zokuzala ze-mberry wamhlophe
Ukuphindaphindwa kwamameriyamu omhlophe kwenzeka ngezindlela zembewu kanye nezitshalo. Indlela yembewu isetshenziselwa izithombo ezikhulayo, ezivumelaniswe nezimo ezintsha, kanye nezimpande ezikhulayo zokuxhunyelela umuthi wamabelebhisi. Njengoba i-mulberry ibhula kancane kancane endleleni yembewu, imbewu idinga ukuklanywa.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, ekwindla ngemuva kokuqoqa imbewu yamabelebhisi amasha, bafakwa ngezinsuku ezingu-4-5 emgqonyeni wamanzi kude nelanga lokushisa ekamelweni elifudumele, bese kuthi imbewu ihlanganiswe ngendwangu ebomvu, ifake lesi sithungu esikhwameni seplastiki bese ifaka efrijini izinsuku ezingu-30-40. Ngalesi sikhathi, imbewu ikhula futhi ikhuphuke, idinga ukuhlwanyelwa kwisitsha esingenalutho, isetshenziswe kalula, ifaka isitsha ngembewu esikhwameni seplastiki bese ushiya izinsuku ezingaba ngu-60 esiqandisini. Emva kwalokho isitsha sigcinwe efasiteleni futhi sisela njalo. Ngentwasahlobo, emva kokuba inhlabathi ivuse, imbewu elungiselelwe kufanele itshalwe endaweni evulekile endaweni yokuhlala ehlala njalo.
Indlela yokuphindaphinda yemifino yomuthi wamabelebhi ihilela ukusebenzisa izimpande zomsuka, ama-grafts - noma iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu engadini. Indlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlanganiswa okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, usike ama-cuttings amasha ngamaqabunga ama-3-4, isigaba esingaphansi kufanele sisebenze ngokucophelela ngaphansi kwezinso, futhi phezulu ngaphezu kwezinso, bese ususa amaqabunga aphansi. I-stalk elungiselelwe kufanele ifakwe e-penumbra emhlabeni omanzi omanzi e-angle engaba ama-degree angama-50 futhi imboze ngento yokumboza noma imbiza engilazi yomswakama ophezulu. Izikhathi eziningana ngosuku, isiqu kufanele siphume umoya, sisuse indawo yokukhosela, futhi siphuculelwe, ngaleyo ndlela siyiphuculise. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa, indawo yokugcina indawo isuswe, futhi isitshalo sitshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo.
I-mberry kamalibhele: izakhiwo eziwusizo
Amamberry amhlophe iqukethe amavithamini amaningi, micro and macro, okuyinto eyabangela izindawo zayo eziningi eziwusizo. Amajikijolo aluhlaza asetshenziselwa ukukhathazeka kwesisu nokushaya inhliziyo, nokuvuthwa - ukuqothulwa. Ijusi le-Berry lihlanjululwa ngamanzi afudumele futhi i-liquor ephumela ekuguleni. I-decoction yamagxolo kanye nezimpande zamameriyamu kusiza ukuphulukisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ama-infusions amaqabunga aqeda ukushisa komkhuhlane. Ukumnika ama-mulberries kanye namagxolo kuzosiza ekulwa nemibanda kanye ne-bronchitis, kanye nokunciphisa i-asthma. Ukucindezeleka nokulala ukulala ngeke kulungiswe ngokufaka umanyolo ovamile wamajikijolo omisiwe, futhi isimiso sezinzwa sizothuthukisa futhi umzimba we-metabolism uzosheshisa.
Abantu ababhekene ne-myocardiodystrophy noma isifo senhliziyo, kutuswa ukusebenzisa 200-300 g amajikijolo avuthiwe izikhathi eziningana ngosuku izinsuku ezingu-30. Ukusetshenziswa kwamajikijolo omunculi kunconywa kubantu abasebenza umsebenzi wabo kuhilela umsebenzi wezemvelo, abagijimi, kanye neziguli ezilulama kusukela ekuhlinzekeni. Izithelo zeMberryberry zinomphumela omuhle ekwenzeni izinqubo zegazi. Abahlengikazi baphatha izimpungushe ngejusi yezithelo zamabelebhisi amasha, futhi amagxolo achotshoziwe ahlanganiswe namafutha futhi asetshenziselwa ukulimala, ukusikeka nezinxeba zokuphulukisa ngokushesha.
Uyazi? Omunye umuthi wamabhilidi omdala ungadala kuze kufike ku-100 kg amajikijolo ngonyaka ngamunye.Ukuvuna okulula kwemamerikhi ezimhlophe, ungasebenzisa indlela elula - Spread polyethylene noma indwangu ebanzi ngaphansi kwamagatsha Amajikijolo avuthiwe azowa, umlimi uzodinga ukuqoqa futhi ajabulele ubumnandi bawo.
