Kulabo abathanda ukuhlobisa ingaphakathi lendlu yabo ngezitshalo ezingavamile nezezinto ezingavamile, sineluleka ukuba ubuke iCarissa noma i-plums yegumbi. Ukunakekela akulula, kepha kukhula kahle kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ensimini noma nge-pollination ye-manual, kuletha izithelo ezimnandi. Indlela yokunakekela uCarissa ekhaya nokuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele kulokhu, funda izinto zethu.
Incazelo
UCarissa (lat. Carissa) - Lesi sitshalo esikhulayo njalo noma isihlahla esincane, esinezihlahla zezitshalo eziphakathi komndeni wakwa-Kutrov. Endle, ihlanganiswe ngokuqinile, futhi i-trunk ikhula kuze kube ngamamitha angu-8 ukuphakama. Umqhele ungaba mkhulu njenge-trunk. Emagatsheni kukhona amameva. Amaqabunga asobude obunzima, ubude kusuka ku-3 kuya ku-8 cm. Ingxenye yawo engenhla i-wax, ebushelelezi, eluhlaza obumnyama embala.
Ekhaya, ungakhula izitshalo ezingavamile: i-ananas, i-calamondin, i-medlar, i-kivano, i-feijoa, i-rambutan, igromegranate.
Kuyo yonke inkathi ekhulayo, uCarissa uhlanganiswe nezimbali ezinhle ezimhlophe zeqhwa-ezimhlophe noma ezibomvu ezinemibala emihlanu. Iphunga labo likhumbuza i-jasmine, kodwa libuthakathaka. Ngokumangalisayo ngokukhethekile isihlahla sifike ngezimbali kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuSeptemba. 
Lesi sitshalo siletha amajikijolo abomvu noma amnyama, afana neplamu. Ubukhulu bawo bukhulu kusukela ku-1.5 kuya ku-6 cm ubude. Lapho isithelo sifinyelela phezulu kokuvuthwa, ivela ezinhlameni ezingu-6 kuya kwezingu-16 zombala obomvu noma oguquguqukayo. Izithelo zingadliwa, zonke izitho zitshalo zinobuthi.
Indawo yaseCarissa yiNingizimu Afrika. Ngo-1886, kwalethwa eU.SA, lapho kwazama khona ukutshala emazweni ahlukene. Kusukela ngo-1905, i-shrub iye yasetshenziswa eziqhingini zaseHawaiian. Kusukela ngo-1913, owokuqala wabelwa eBahamas. Namuhla kutshalwa kabanzi eNdiya, e-East Africa, ePhilippines nase-Israel, ikakhulukazi ngenhloso yokuhlobisa futhi njengendlela yokutshala.
I-genus Carissa inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-35 nezinhlobo eziningi. Phakathi kwazo kukhona amancane, okuhloswe ukulima endaweni yezigumbi. Njengoba lesi sitshalo sikhetha ukukhula esimweni sezulu esishisayo noma esishisayo, asiyizimpande ezindaweni zethu ezivulekile, ubusika bubanda kakhulu. Ukushisa okuphezulu okungakwazi ukumelana kufinyelela ku -3 ° C (ama-young specimens kuya ku--1 ° C). 
Uyazi? Izitshalo eziningi ezivela emndenini wase-Kutrov, isibonelo, i-acokanter ne-pachipodium, zihlukaniswa njengezitshalo eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni. Zinejusi lacteal (latex), i-alkaloids, i-glycosides yenhliziyo. Izitshalo zasendlini zomuntu ziyingozi noma i-adenium, i-plumeria, i-allamand, i-oleander. Lapho ikhulile endlini, iphathwa kuphela ngeglavu.
I-Sorta
Ukusebenza noCarissa, abanye abalimi babethembele ekuvuneni kwabo futhi bazama ukuveza izinhlobo nezinhlobo ezivunayo, kuyilapho abanye bebheka ukuhlobisa nokuhlelwa kwesitshalo ukuba kube umgomo wabo.
Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo eziphezulu ezivumelayo Ukudabuka, i-Torrey Pines, i-Gifford, i-Extra Sweet, i-Alles (i-Chesley).
Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo, ethandwa kakhulu yi: Bonsai, Boxwood Beauty, Princess Princess, Grandiflora, Green Carpet, Horizontalis, Linkii, Boy Low, Minima, Nana, Nana Compacta, Prostrata and Tuttlei.
Kulezi zinhlobo, ezine zivame kakhulu:
- ipensela (congissa Carissa);
- grandiflora (uCarissa grandiflora);
- ama-horned amabili (uCarissa bispinosa);
- ezinkulu-fruited (Carissa macrocarpa).
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Ama-Florist abonisa ukunakekelwa kukaCarissa njengokungathi kunzima, kodwa ngezinye izinkinga. Noma kunjalo, ukulima imbali kungenzeka ngisho nabaqalayo.
Ukukhanyisa
Njengesitshalo esithisa ukushisa, iplamu yasendlini idinga ukukhanyisa okukhanyayo nokuchichima. Uma uhlela ukukhula noKarissa efasiteleni, kufanele uhambe eningizimu, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu - entshonalanga noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Uma kungenjalo, kuzodingeka uhlomise ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe. Uma kungenjalo, uma kunokuntuleka kokukhanya, amagatsha azokhishwa futhi ngaleyo ndlela abe nokubukeka okungabonakali.
Ukushisa
Imbali ikhetha ikamelo elifudumele, lapho izinga lokushisa ehlobo ligcinwa ngo-18-25 ° ะก. Ngesikhathi sokuzola - ekwindla-ebusika - izinga lokushisa lokugcinwa kwesitshalo kuzodingeka linciphise libe yi-14-18 ° C Kuyinto yokudala umehluko wokushisa okunjalo okuzohlinzeka ngezimo zezinhlobonhlobo zokusabalalisa kwentwasahlobo. Kusukela ngo-Mashi kuya ku-Okthoba, lesi sitshalo singagcinwa kwi-loggia egqamile noma emgodini.
Isikhala se-Balcony singashintsha ukutshala izitshalo nezitshalo. Funda indlela yokutshala ukhukhamba, i-gladioli, i-marigolds, i-peas elimnandi, i-dill ebhodini.
Umhlaba
Emhlabathini kaCarissa akukho izidingo ezikhethekile. Isimo esiyinhloko si-acidity ebuthakathaka. Ikhula kahle emhlabathini onesihlabathi nomhlabathi. Ungakwazi ukubekezelela inhlabathi enosawoti.
Ukunisela
I-Carissa kufanele iphuze njalo, kodwa ingabi ningi. Imbali iyakwazi ukubekezelela isomiso esifushane, kodwa iphikisana kahle nama-bay - nge-waterlogging eqinile, inqubo ye-putrid yezimpande futhi isiqalo singase siqale.
Ukuthi isitshalo sidinga ukuphuziswa kuboniswa ukomiswa kwengqimba ephezulu yenhlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Izitshalo ezinamanzi kufanele ziphuze kuphela ngesithambile, ezifudumele izinsuku ezimbalwa. ngamanzi (hhayi ngezansi kwe-20 ° C). Okufanele ukuchelela kuncibilikiswa noma amanzi emvula.
Umswakama
Ukuze umswakama, lesi sitshalo asifuni. It kahle kahle ukubekezelela umoya owomile efulethini phakathi nenkathi yokushisa futhi zixhaswe ngosizo amadivaysi akhethekile. Umswakama omuhle wokukhula uCarissa ugcinwa ku-45-55%.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, lesi sitshalo singasheshwa ngaphansi kweshawa noma efudumele. Izosusa uthuli lwangaphakathi kulo, amaqabunga azokwazi ukuphefumula kangcono.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukondla ukwakhiwa kwegumbi kuyadingeka unyaka wonke. Imvamisa enhle yilezi zinsuku zonke izinsuku ezingu-14-21.
Ukuze kutholakale izimbali zomquba eziphuzile ze-phosphate ezidingekayo. Ekuqaleni kwenkathi ekhulayo kudinga ukwethulwa kwensimbi. Ebusika, kufanele kudliwe amaminerali. 
Ukudubula
Ngokusemthethweni, uCarissa wenza umqhele oqhakazile, ngakho-ke, ukuwunika isimo esihle nesilungiselele kahle kuzodinga ukusika izihlahla njalo. Qaphela ukuthi njengoba kunameva emagatsheni, kuzodingeka usike isitshalo ngama-iglavu ukuvikela izandla zakho.
Ukudubula okukhiqizwa entwasahlobo. Susa amagatsha abangela ukuqina komqhele, ngesikhathi esifanayo enikeza imbali isimo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nzima ukwenza lokhu, ngoba ngokuqina okukhulu amagatsha angakhula ngezingalo ezahlukene, njengoba abathanda.
Emva kwenqubo, lesi sitshalo sibuyiselwa ngokushesha futhi kalula.
Ukufakelwa
Ngaphambi kokuba imbali ifinyelele eminyakeni engama-3 ubudala, kufanele ifakwe njalo ngonyaka entwasahlobo. Emva kwalokhu ukufakelwa kabusha kwenziwa njalo ngemva kweminyaka emithathu. Ukutshala isitshalo kubalulekile ngoba uma kungenziwanga, kuzoqala ukukhulula amaqabunga amancane bese uyeka ukukhula.
Ukutshala ungalungisa i-substrate elandelayo:
- i-turf;
- iqabunga lomhlaba;
- umhlabathi we-turf;
- inhlabathi ye-peat;
- isihlabathi somfula.
I-Pot yokutshala kungcono ukhethe i-ceramic. Ngokufakelwa ngakunye, kufanele kube okujulile nokubanzi kunangaphambili. Ukugeleza kufanele kufakwe phansi.
Ngemuva kokufakelwa isitshalo, isitshalo kumele siphuze kakhulu futhi sibe nomthunzi ngezinsuku ezimbalwa kusuka elangeni eliqondile.
Ukuvota
Endle, lesi sitshalo sivotelwa yizinambuzane zobusika. Lapho lokhu kungenakwenzeka, umuntu ukhiqiza impoqo yokuvota.
Ukuzala
Shicilela uCarissa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- imbewu;
- vegetative - cuttings.
Imbewu
Imbewu yokuhlwanyela idinga inhlabathi elula ye-peat-sand.
- Ngaphambi kokutshala inhlabathi kufanele ihambelane.
- Imbewu ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela idinga ukungena ngosuku emanzini afudumele.
- Kudingeka ukumba ngaphakathi kwe-substrate ukuya ekujuleni kwe-0.7-1 cm.
- Ukutshala kufanele kuhlanganiswe ne-foil ukwenza umphumela we-mini-greenhouse.
Amahlumela kufanele alindeleke emavikini amabili. Ngemva kokubonakala kwabo, ifilimu kufanele isuswe. Izitshalo ezisakazwa yindlela yembewu, faka izimbali kuphela lapho uneminyaka emibili.Cuttings
Izitshalo eziqhakaza zihlakazwa ngokusika, kungalindelwa ngonyaka ofanayo.
- Izihlahla kufanele zivunwe ekwindla.
- Zinqunywe kusukela phezulu kwehlumela, zishiya ama-internodes amathathu.
- Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuphatha ukusika ukusika nge-root stimulator stimulator.
- I-substrate yokuqothula isilungiswa kusuka ku-peat ne-perlite.
- Emva kokutshala, i-cuttings ihlanganiswe nefilimu noma ingilazi yezibuko.
Ukuqothulwa kwezihlahla emanzini akukhuthazwa ngenxa yokubola kwabo njalo.Isicelo
Ngaphandle kokuthi i-shrub itshalwe ngenhloso yokuthola izithelo, isetshenziselwa izindawo zokuhlobisa, ngokuvamile ukutshala amahlombe.
Ukukhetha izitshalo zezingodo, kufanele uqaphele i-barberry Thunberg, i-forsythia, i-calypod, i-hawthorn, i-boxwood.
Lesi sitshalo sesetshenziselwe imithi yendabuko. Ngakho-ke, amajikijolo namaqabunga ezinhlobo zamapensela aseCarissa asetshenziswa njenge-astringent ukuze asuse isifo sohudo. I-decoction yezimpande isetshenziswa njenge-agent ephikisayo. Izinqubo zomsuka zihlanjululwa ukunciphisa ukucindezelwa.
Inani lomsoco wezithelo
Izithelo zikaCarissa zibalwa njengezithelo. Isikhumba sabo sincane; inyama inamanzi, amnandi noma amunambitheka kakhulu, abomvu. Uma uluma, kukhishwa ijusi elimhlophe. Imbewu lapho bedla ayibonakali.
Kubalulekile! Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amajikijolo avuthiwe kahle, okungukuthi, athambile futhi anezikhumba ezimnyama. Izithelo ezingapheli zingabangela ubuthi.
Inani lokudla okunomsoco wezithelo ezintsha - 61-62 kcal. Bacebile:- amavithamini A, B1, B2, C, PP;
- i-calcium;
- i-magnesium;
- insimbi;
- i-sodium;
- i-phosphorus;
- ithusi;
- i-potassium
Naphezu kwezakhiwo ezinobuthi, ukwelashwa kwezifo emithi yokwelapha, sebenzisa iso lempuku, i-wolfberry, iberry yew, ivy, inkomo parsnip, ibhokisi, utshani ipulazi, snyat, suit yokugeza.
Izithelo ziyadliwa fresh, zongezwe kuma-saladi, futhi kudijamu, ama-jams, i-jelly, ama-puddings, ama-syrups alungiswa kuwo. E-Asia, asetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa ukubhaka, ekwenzeni i-curry, ukuhlobisa amaqebelengwane. AmaNdiya avela amajikijolo angavuthiwe alungiselela ama-marinades.
Kunzima ukukhula
Uma kwenzeka amaphutha ekunakekeleni, lesi sitshalo sizoveza izinguquko ekubukeni kwayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuchithwa okunamandla kwama-internodes cishe kubonisa ukuthi imbali ayikhululekile endaweni lapho itholakala okwamanje. Ngakho-ke, kufanele umthole enye ikhoneni - ukukhanya nokufudumala.
Amagatsha amakhulu kakhulu namagatsha aphelile abonisa ukuthi imbali ayikho ukukhanya okwanele. Nikeza umthombo owengeziwe noma ushintshe ukubekwa kwembiza. 
Ukuqhakaza kwembali kungaba umphumela womoya oshisayo kakhulu endlini. Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukudala izimo ezipholile ngokupompa njalo, ukufaka shading, noma ukuhambisa kwenye indawo.
Ukwehlisa amahlamvu kusikisela ukuthi imbali ayinamanzi. Ukunakekela kufanele kuthathwe ukuze kusetshenziswe ukuthambisa okulinganisela njalo.
Uyazi? Ezinhlobo zezitshalo ze-acocanter ne-pachipodium, efana neCarissa, efakwe emndenini wase-Kutrov, ama-Bushmen aphuza ubuthi ngenxa yemicibisholo.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ngamaphutha ekutshaleni nasekukhuleni i-carissa, ingathinta izifo kanye nezinambuzane.
Kulezi zinambuzane ezitshalo ziyesabekayo:
- isikhumba sesicabucabu - ukutholakala kwebhulasi le-spider ku-trunk namaqabunga abonisa ukutheleleka;
- Izifo zomzimba - izimpawu zokulimala yizindawo eziphuzi emagqabini kanye ne-trunk, uketshezi olunamanzi;
- I-Aphid - iholela ekuqotheni amaqabunga namaqabunga, ukubukeka kwamaphuzu amancane kanye namazolo omusi emagatsheni;
- I-thrips - mayelana nokubukeka kwayo ingatholakala ngamachashazi amnyama amnyama emaqabunga, ukuguqulwa kwamahlumela amancane, i-plaque yesiliva emaqabunga omdala;
- i-whitefly - izinambuzane ezincane ezimhlophe zinyuka ngaphezu kwesitshalo, izibungu zibonakala engxenyeni engezansi yeqabunga leqabunga.
Uma imbali iminyene kakhulu, ingabangela ukubola kwegrey. Esikhathini sokuqala sokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, ukufa kwesitshalo kungagwenywa ngokusebenzisa ukwelashwa nge-fungicides yesistimu (Teldor, Switch VDG, Horus VDH), isisombululo sophusi-isobho, isisombululo se-0.2% se-Fundazol, 0.1% isixazululo "Topsina-M". Ngokujwayelekile kudinga ukwelashwa okubili. Uma imbali imangala kakhulu, ngeke kube khona ukuyigcina.Kungcono ukusebenzisa amandla okukhulisa isihlahla esincane, ukubuka izinyathelo zokuzivikela ezingavumeli ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo: ukuvumbulula ekamelweni kaningi, ukungenawo umhlabathi, umswakama omile emaqabunga nge siponti, ungafaki izimbali eziningi ku-sill eyodwa, inqubo ethi "Fundazol" ne "Topsin-M" "ngenhloso yokuvimbela.
Ngakho-ke, uCarissa uyisitshalo sokuqala nesinhle ukuthi, ngokunakekelwa kancane, kuyojabulisa umnikazi wayo ngokucwilisa izimbali eziningi futhi unyaka ngamunye. Izimo eziyinhloko ezidinga ukuhlinzekwa ngembali yokuthuthukiswa okuvamile nokukhula ukukhanya okwanele, izimo zokushisa ezifanele, ukuphuza okuphuthumayo njalo nokudla okuvamile, okutholakala kalula efulethini elivamile lomuzi.
Izincomo zokukhula kwe-carissa ezivela emazweni
Inzalo yami uCarissa yaqala ukunikeza amagatsha amathathu, bese iqala ukukhula. Ngiphakamisa phezulu kakhulu, kodwa wayengafuni ukushayela nganoma iyiphi indlela. Ngabe nginezinkinobho zonke zokuphunyuka ezintathu - ekugcineni, ngikhulisa i-pair of new on the three. Ngakho ungazisoli, uphonse ...Evgenia
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