Uma sicelwa ukuba sisho izinhlobo ezimbalwa zama-mushroom adume kakhulu - ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokucabanga - mhlawumbe kanye nemhlophe, i-fly agaric, i-chanterelle nama-mushroom, sikhumbula ama-boletus ama-brown nama-mushroom ase-aspen, esiwajwayele kusukela ebuntwaneni bezinganekwane. Kodwa yini esikwaziyo ngalawa amakhowe, ngaphandle kokuthi zikhula ngaphansi kwezihlahla zegama elifanayo, futhi yini ngempela intombazane uMasha eyayiqoqa ngaphambi kokulahlekelwa ehlathini?
I-Boletus mushroom: incazelo
Abamele umbuso wama-mushroom, abanomdlandla onobugovu, njengama-boletus, abamhlophe, nama-polish, bakha umndeni wezinhlobo ngaphansi kwegama elivamile iBoletae, elibiza ngezinhlobo ezingu-1300 ngokusho kwemithombo ethile. Kulo mndeni, ngokusho kokuhlukaniswa kwezici ezithile, ososayensi bahlukanisa uhlobo lwe-Obabok (igama lesiLatini elithi Leccinum, Leccinum), elinabamemezeli abangaba ngu-25 ngaphansi kwamagama ajwayelekile we-boletus ne-boletus.
Uyazi? Sekuyisikhathi eside ososayensi behluleka ukuza nombono ovamile embuzweni wokuba amakhowe esilwaneni noma esitshalweni. Okuqukethwe nokubunjwa kwamaprotheni, lezi zinhlobo ezimangalisayo ezingaphezu kwezilwane, futhi ama-carbohydrate namaminerali afana nezitshalo. Zonke izingxabano zalungiswa kuphela ngo-1960. Ukwehliswa kwaba ukuhlonishwa kombuso wamakhowe ohlukene nezilwane nezitshalo.Wonke amalungu e-genus Leccinum ahlala eduze eduze kwezihlahla ze-coniferous kanye neziqhumane. Eziningi zezilwane ziye zasungulwa emahlathini endaweni eguquguqukayo yesimo sezulu, kodwa ezinye zazo zingatholakala ngisho nasezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba nasezindaweni eziphansi. Ukungafani okuyinhloko kwefomu kuyi-large, smooth, velvet kancane kuya kwesikhumba sokuthinta isimo se-hemispherical of shades browned muted, njalo matte, ukukhanya ngaphezulu ezincane ezincane.
Funda indlela yokomisa amakhowe ama-oyster, ama-pickle chanterelles, amaqanda amaqanda, amakhowe asendle, ama-chanterelles, ama-mushroom ama-oyster namakhowe amhlophe.I-hymenophore enkulu ye-tubular yombala omhlophe-greyish ihlukanisa kalula ne-cap futhi ibumnyama ne-fungus. I-Scaly noma i-fibrous stem, isinyene, i-cylindrical, ngezinye izikhathi ide. Inyama imhlophe, ilukhuni, idutshulwa ekunqunyeni, ibuye ibe mnyama ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Ngokuvamile bonke abameleli balezi zinhlobo (ngaphandle kwe-fungus ye-gall) kuyizikhumba ezihlwabusayo ezidliwayo zesigaba sesibili.
Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-boletus
Igama lesiRussia elithi "boletus" lisho kuphela izinhlobo ezithile zezinhlamvu, okungukuthi, ezinhlobonhlobo ze-boletus ezijwayelekile (i-Leccinum scabrum), ezakha i-mycorrhiza ngqo nomuthi we-birch. Ezinye izinhlobo zilungile kakhulu ukuyibiza nge-pub.
Ukuhlangabezana nezinhlobo ezidliwayo zamakhowe.Emahlathini ethu ungathola izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-boletus. Engxenyeni ye-USSR yangaphambili, endaweni yokushisa kwesimo sezulu, kunezinhlobo eziyishumi zokuhlala ezifanele ukusetshenziswa kwabantu. Phakathi kwezinto eziphawulekayo kufanele zibizwa ngokuthi i-boletus evamile, eyimpunga, enesibindi, enhle.
Harsh
I-Boletus enzima (eminye imithombo - kanzima) ayiyona into ejwayelekile kakhulu. Mhlawumbe lokhu kungomunye wabameleli abalugugu kakhulu. Unesikhwama esimhlophe esimnyama semisindo efudumele, ebumnyama nobudala. Umlenze we-obabka ukhululekile, ukhulu kakhulu, u-cylindrical, esemncane egcwele izilinganiso ezincane ezincane, ezidlulayo neminyaka. I-mushroom ine-taste enhle kakhulu, i-mushroom enamandla kakhulu futhi isetshenziswa ekulungiseleleni izifundo zokuqala nezibili. Ukugcina isitoreji eside, ukomisa noma ukuqandisa kuyasetshenziswa. 
Grey
I-Boletus gray (i-grabovik) - evame kakhulu ezinkantini. I-big (ekukhuleni okuvuthiwe) isifinyelela ku-15 cm ububanzi, iphikisiwe kancane, ifinyelele ethintweni, nge-shades enkulu kakhulu emnqumfeni omnyama ibe yintsundu ebomvu.
Kubalulekile! Igama lesibili lezinhlobo zinezwi elithile elimnandi, kodwa lilotshwe ku- "a" hhayi ku "o", futhi alihlangene nebhokisi, ingcwaba, nokufa. I-Hornbeam, njengoba kuyaziwa, ingumuthi womndeni we-birch, lapho lezi zinhlobo zivame ukudala i-mycorrhiza (ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kwe-mycelium ye-fungus kanye nenqubo yezimpande zezitshalo eziphakeme).Emoyeni esomile, i-peel ye-cap ye-mushroom evuthiwe ivame ukuphulwa. I-pulp enezinyosi inambitheka kakhulu, kumhlophe omhlophe, lapho uxhumane nomoya iba umbala ophuzi obomvu, bese kuthi isikhathi siphenduka kusuka ebumnyameni obumnyama sibe mnyama. Amakhowe asikiwe asheshe angabi namsebenzi, ngakho-ke amakhophi amasha namasha kufanele athunyelwe ebhasikisini.
Okuvamile
Isici esiyinhloko se-boletus evamile ngumlenze omude, ongafinyelela ku-20 cm ukuphakama. I-mushroom, ehlala ehlathini ehlanjululwayo noma enqenqemeni, njengokungathi uzama ukululaza phezu kohlaza bese usetha ilanga ngesigqoko sayo esikhulu se-hemispherical sombala obomvu okhanyayo nomthunzi kusuka emgundeni kuya emanzini. Inyama ekunqunywe imhlophe, ilukhuni, iyathandeka ekunambeni, iyancipha ngesikhathi sokucubungula. Ukuze kusetshenziswe ekudleni, insizwa engekho ngaphezu kwamakhowe iyanconywa. 
Nini ukuqoqa
Zonke izinhlobo ezingenhla ze-boletus zingakha izidumbu zezithelo kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi kuya ku-Novemba, kuze kube seqhwa lokuqala. Izikhathi zokwenziwa kwe-fruiting: August - Okthoba. Kodwa-ke, abaqoqi be-mushroom abanolwazi bahlale bebikezela isikhathi sokubukeka kwababameli bokuqala be-boletus kuye ngokuthi izimo eziningi: kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unyaka odlule wawuyi "mushroom" (njengoba bathi, unyaka awudingekile unyaka), ngezinga elingakanani ihlobo eledlule limelele, nokuthi ubusika obudlulile bunjani. Futhi, kwaziwa ukuthi izinkathi zama-mushroom aphezulu ziveza, ngephethini elithile, okunye okuhambisana nezikhathi zokungabikho okuphelele kwefungi.
Uyazi? Abantu basalondoloze inkolelo yokuthi unyaka wamakhowa nawo ubonisa impi. Mhlawumbe lokhu kwenzeka ngokungahambi kahle, kodwa ekwindla ka-2014, abaqoqi be-mushroom e-Ukraine babuya "ekuzingeleni okuthulile" ngezivuno ezingakaze zenzeke ...Abaqashi abaningi be-mushroom abanolwazi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, bazi izindawo zabo, ama-mushroom awaziwayo kuphela, abavakashele ukuthi, ngokuqinisekile, bangasho ukuthi kufanelekile ukuzingela ngokuthula, noma, njengoba bethi, "akukho nhlanhla". Esikhathini sokuqoqa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-boletus - i-mushroom "engozini" kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, liwohloka ngokushesha kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuqoqa ama-specimens amancane kuphela. I-mushroom ephakeme kakhulu nge-cap enkulu futhi emanzini, i-hymenophore enamandla kakhulu (ingxenye engezansi ye-cap) ayinakwenzeka ukuhlala esiteji sokulungiselela futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ilahlwe.
Beka ama-boletin atholakalayo kufanele ahlukaniswe nezinye izinhlobo zamakhowe ngendlela enzima, amandla "okuphefumula," engavumeli ukuvuna isivuno ngesikhathi sokuvuna. Amaqabunga e-Wicker ezenziwe ngezinto zokwenza izinto zemvelo noma ezenziwe ngamapulangwe (ama-wicker noma ama-plastic rod) afanelekile lokhu, amabhakede amakhulu angasetshenziswa, kepha izikhwama zeplastiki (udoti) azifaneleki ngalokhu.Kuyoba okuthakazelisayo ukufunda ukuthi ungahlukanisa kanjani ama-toadstool aphuzi kanye namakhowe anobuthi ekhula ezihlahleni, kusukela emazazini adla kanye nama-boletus.Kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-mushroom ingumzimba wesithelo kuphela womzimba omkhulu, i-mycelium, engonakaliswa kalula ngenxa yeqoqo elingalungile. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, ukutholakala kufanele kunqunywe ngommese obukhali eduze nomhlaba ngangokunokwenzeka, noma "ngokuphambene" ngokucophelela njenge-screw in one and half or turns. Muva nje, indlela yesibili, iningi labachwepheshe be-mycologists libhekisela ekutholeni abantu abaningi.
Izindawo zokukhula
Yonke i-greengrass ikhula emahlathini ahlangene emahlathini asezindaweni ezifudumele zendawo yonke enyakatho yezwekazi, ikhetha izindawo ezinezinhlabathi ezifudumele futhi ezifudumele. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo zezilwane, zakha i-mycorrhiza ne-birch, i-aspen, i- hornbeam, i-poplar emhlophe, njll.
Uyazi? Ama-boletus amakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni atholakale esifundeni saseTomsk seRussia Federation njengesikhethi se-mushroom negama lokugcina iNkosi efanelekile. Isisindo sokuthola sasiyi-2.4 kg, ububanzi bekhanda babuyi-360 mm, futhi ubude bomlenze babuyi-280 mm. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ngezilinganiso ezinjalo ezimangalisayo, le ndawo yayisimweni esihle kakhulu, ayilimazanga yizibungu futhi ingahle yenza isidlo esiphelele somndeni omncane.
I-Boletus ihlala ngokujwayelekile ehlangene (ne-birch) amahlathi, ama-birch groves amancane, otshanini; kukhona kokubili ama-single specimens namaqembu amancane. I-Boletus enobudlova ikhetha amahlathi nge-aspens namapipi amhlophe. I-gray bolepot ivame kakhulu emahlathini e-beech exutshwe nophondo lwe-hornbeam, amahlathi e-poplar, ngezinye izikhathi emaphethelweni ezungeze izihlahla ze-birch.Ama-boletus amanga
Omunye ummeleli we-bolt-gall mushroom (amanga aphansi). Kweminye imithombo, ichazwa njengobuthi, kepha kungaba ngcono kakhulu ukuyibiza ngokunganele ngenxa yokunambitheka okunomusa. Kumahloni kangangokuthi ngisho nezibungu azidli! Ngempela, ukuthola isifo esinobuthi obukhulu nale makhowe, udinga ukuyisebenzisa kakhulu, okuyinkinga kakhulu ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo. Kulesi simo, ubuhlungu ngeke bukwazi ukuqeda nganoma iyiphi indlela. Noma yikuphi ukucubungula kwalawa amakhowe (ukupheka, ukuthosa, njll) kuthuthukisa kuphela lokhu ukunambitheka.
Kubalulekile! Uma okungenani ingxenye eyodwa yama-boletus amanga ingena esikoleni esiyinhloko kanye nezinye, amakhowe "amahle", ngokuqinisekile uzothola umphumela ngesimo sendiza emafutheni emgqonyeni wobusi.Mhlawumbe lokhu yilokho okumele ukwesatshwe uma kwenzeka u-gall mushroom - ama-boletus amanga. Ngokuma imilenze nama-caps, i-mushroom yezinyosi cishe ayifani nokuhlukaniswa nama-boletus ajwayelekile. Izici ezihlukile zangaphandle - lo umbala we-cap, lapho kukhona khona amathoni anobuthi obuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka obuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-mushroom ihlale ibamba iso ngokushesha, njengo-Amanita omuhle. Ingxenye engezansi ye-cap inomthunzi omnyama noma ongcolile obomvana (ngokuphambene nesikhunta "sangempela", esimhlophe). I-pulp ye-fungus ye-gall iyinqweqwe elibomvu futhi ekugcineni iphenduka ibomvu. Izindaba ezimbi ukuthi ukuthi ukuzingela amakhowe ongenalwazi, ekuzingeleni okuthulile, kulula ukudibanisa ama-boletus amanga ne-mushroom evamile. Izindaba ezinhle: ukuhlukumeza okuyinhloko kwaleli amakhowe - ukufutheka - empeleni, isici esiyinhloko esihlukanisayo esahlukaniswa nabo "zangempela" boletus. Ungesabi ukukhokha kancane i-mushroom ekunqunyeni komlenze - kholwa kimi, konke kuzokucaca kuwe ngokushesha. Wonke amaqiniso e-cut ayenamnandi ama-mushroom amnandi, ngaphandle kwesithunzi sokufutheka.
Amavithamini amaningi ngokwabo anamakhowe afunwa ngamakhowe.
Ukwakhiwa
Ku-pulp obabka okwamanje:
- amaprotheni - 35%;
- amafutha - 4%;
- ushukela (ngesimo se-mono - kanye ne-disaccharides) - u-14%;
- ama-carbohydrate - kufika ku-25%;
- amavithamini: C, B1, B2, E, D, PP;
- micro- kanye macronutrients: sodium, magnesium, calcium, potassium, iron, phosphorus kanye nama-manganese;
- amanzi
Uyazi? I-selenium yamaminerali yemvelo yenza ukuba kubuyiselwe isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, ngenxa yokuthi, njengoba ucwaningo lubonisa, ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza nezinye izifo zesimiso ziyancishiswa kakhulu. Futhi enye yemithombo ecebile kakhulu ye-selenium ngamakhowe.
Amakholori (nge 100 g yenyama) - 20 kcal.Izakhiwo eziwusizo
Inani lokudla okunomsoco ngokulandelana kokuqukethwe kwekhalori ephansi yiyona inzuzo enkulu yama-mushroom, okuvumela ukuba asetshenziswe ekudleni okuhlukahlukene okulungiselelwe abantu abanamandla ngokweqile, kanye neziguli ezinesifo sikashukela. Amaphrotheni avela esitokisini se-boletus boletus aqukethe wonke ama-amino acids abalulekile kubantu futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ahlukahlukene amino acids abangela ukutholakala ngokushesha kwezinto eziphilayo eziphelile ngenxa yesifo. Kusukela kulo mbono, lolu hlobo lwemikhiqizo yindawo enhle yenyama kulabo abasebenzisa imifino.
Funda futhi mayelana nomndeni wefungi - i-russia.Izakhiwo eziwusizo zama-dub kufanele futhi zibandakanye ikhono eliphezulu lokubamba ubuthi emkhakheni womuntu wesisu. Ngenxa yokuthi kukhona okuthiwa "amafayili okudla" ekubunjweni kwe-fiber ye-boletus, ama-molecule wezinto eziyingozi emgodini wokugaya aboshelwe futhi asuswe emzimbeni. Ngenhloso yokwelapha, ifolishi ye-pub isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko emithi yokwelapha. Ngokwesisekelo salo, ukulungiswa kwemithi ekulungele ukusiza ngezifo zezinso, i-dysbacteriosis, izifo zesigubhu semathunjini, njll.
Imithetho yokupheka
Ama-mushroom ama-Boletus anambitha kakhulu futhi angcono ukupheka noma yikuphi ukudla nokusebenzisa ngokuhlukahluka okuhlukahlukene. Zingafakwa usawoti, ziqoshiwe, zithosiwe futhi ziphekwe, futhi ukugcinwa kwesikhashana eside, ukomisa noma ukomisa ukushisa kufanelekile.
Kubalulekile! Abesifazane besifazane abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi amakhowe owomile namaqhwa ane-flavour ecebile kakhulu kunama-fresh.Ngaphambi kokupheka ama-boletus, kufanele ihlanzwe. Uma uzokomisa noma ubombele ama-mushroom, akufanele kuthunjiswe; kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, isivuno akufanele nje sihlanzwe kahle, kodwa kufanele sikhuphuke emanzini ambalwa afudumele (ngokuhlelekayo asebenzayo) amahora amaningana. Le nqubo yokuqala iyadingeka ngezizathu ezimbili: okokuqala, amakhowe azobe ehlanzwa kangcono, okwesibili, ezinye izinto eziyingozi ezikhona emkhiqizo (okusho ukuthi hhayi amakhowe amakhowe, kodwa kunalokho i-nitrate nezinye izidakamizwa zezimboni), uzohlala emanzini. Kulula kakhulu ukuhlanza amakhowe ama-boletus, into eyinhloko ukukwenza ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, kuze kube yilapho amakhowe aphelile. Ngokungafani namafutha, lapho udinga ukususa ifilimu yokunamathisela kwi-cap, emva kwalokho ugeza izandla zakho isikhathi eside futhi ubuhlungu, noma, uthi, ezinye izinhlobo ze-ryadovka, "nekhanda" lifihle esihlabathini, elihlanganisiwe emaceleni futhi alifuni ukuphuma, ubuhle bethu obuhle cishe akukaze kungcolile ngempela, futhi ukuwahlanza akudingi umzamo omkhulu.
Uma iqabunga elomile noma utshani obunamathele, kodwa unamathela esikhwameni, kuwanele ukusikhipha kancane ngommese, futhi uthuli oluthuliwe (lungaba khona uma lesi sitshalo sasihlangene emaphethelweni aseduze komuzi, noma kunjalo, kungcono ukushiya amakhowe lapho bekhula khona) nje ugeze noma ususe i-rag emanzi. Sihlola isibonelo ngasinye sokulimala yizibungu, ukubola, noma ezinye iziphambeko, sihlunga ngobudala nobukhulu, futhi sinqume ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo. 
Kungcono ukwehlukanisa umlenze kusuka kwesikhwama futhi kancane kancane uyifake ngomese ukuze ekugcineni uhlanze. Kodwa uma uxoxela ukubhubhisa ubuhle bendoda encane enhle, ungayishiya yonke. Amakhophi we-worm akufanele aphonswe. Zibafake amahora amaningana emanzini abandayo, ungeze kuwo ufulawa usawoti ngesilinganiso sezipuni ezimbili ngesitreji, bese uqeda futhi ususe izindawo ezilimazekile.
Kubalulekile! Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzophika isiphi isitsha, ama-boletus eel kufanele abiliswe kusengaphambili. Isikhathi sokwelashwa kokushisa okungenani imizuzu engama-40, futhi amanzi amakhowe abilisiwe kumele ashintshwe okungenani kanye (ukukhipha bese uthele uhlanzekile, emva kokugeza ama-mushroom).Yiqiniso, sikhuluma ngama-mushroom ama-mushroom, okuyiqiniso ukuthi anganakwa ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokupheka ngaphambi. Ngokuqinisekile isidlo sizoba tastier futhi sibe mnandi kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, sincoma ukuthi singaligodli lokhu kuqapha okungenhla, njengoba isimo semvelo emhlabeni asivumeli ukuba sikhulume ngokuphepha okuphelele kwamakhowe asehlathini, ngisho noma kusobala ukuthi siyadla.
Uma unquma ukupheka isobho kusuka kwamakhowe ama-boletus, sebenzisa amanzi esithathu kulokhu (kabili uthele umhluzi uthele amanzi ahlanzekile). Ukudoba, amakhowe abilisiwe achotshoziwe ukuze anambitha, bese ethosiwe enhlanganisweni yemifino nebhotela, ngaphandle kokumbozwa ngesembozo (uma kungenjalo uzophendukela ku-porridge). Ngaphambi kokuvala, uma ufisa, ungangeza ukhilimu omuncu. 
Ngokukhethwa, amaphilisi abilisiwe afakwa esitsheni esilungisiwe (imiphongolo yokhuni ingcono kakhulu, kepha ingilazi noma izitshalo ze-ceramics nazo zifanelekile) ezigcawini, zifafazwe kakhulu ngosawoti, imifino esisha kanye nezinongo zokunambitha. Bese ubeke ngaphansi kwengcindezi endaweni epholile enyangeni inyanga. Kodwa kufanele ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi ukubhekwa nokucubungula akukona kahle kakhulu emaphakathini kusukela ekubukeni kwe-organoleptics (lokhu kunalokho kungumthombo weplate, isibonelo, i-bulkhead).
Uyazi? Izinambuzane yizitha eziphakade zamakhowe ezidliwayo. Kodwa kuvela ukuthi isimo esihlukile sisekhona emvelweni: kukhona amakhowe adla izibungu! Bakha izindandatho ze-mycelium, njengokungathi bafaka uhlobo lwenethiwekhi. Njengoba ibanjwe yi-worm, lesi sidalwa esimangalisayo, njengefilimu yaseHollywood, siyadla kancane kancane futhi sidle ngesikhathi sosuku!Ukuhamba ngezimoto kungenye yezindlela eziwusizo kakhulu (futhi, ngendlela, ephephile) yokupheka ukudla. Amakhowe asetshenziswe ngamanzi asulungiswa kanje. Ukuze uthole ilitha lamanzi, thatha amathisipuni amabili kasawoti, amane wezipuni ushukela nama-tablespoons amabili eviniga ka-9%. Ibhilidi yamanzi, ushukela, usawoti kanye nezinongo (peppercorns ezibabayo, i-allspice, i-clove, imbewu yesinaphi, njll.) Ibilisiwe imizuzu engu-10. Amakhowe akhishwe emanzini abilayo afakwa ezimbizeni ezinyathelayo, ngesikhathi esifanayo engeza ama-clove amaningana kagalikhi anqunywe ngesigamu futhi uma efunwa, amathanga amabili we-pepper, bese kuphekwa ama-mushroom, uviniga uyagcwaliswa ekugcineni, ngemuva kwalokho ibhange liqhubekela phambili bese liphenduka sibheke phansi, sigcwele ithawula futhi sishiya ukupholisa ngokuphelele. Emalitha amathathu amakhowe abilayo azodinga ama-1.3 amalitha we-brine.
Ukungafani nokulimala
Kusukela ekuphikisaneni nokusetshenziswa kwalolu hlobo lwamakhowe kufanele kuphawulwe, mhlawumbe, ukubekezelelana kuphela kwezinto ezakhiwa yi-pulp. Ukuqapha kufanele kuthathwe ama-boletus (noma kunjalo, njengawaphi amanye amakhowe) kubantu abanezinkinga ezimbi zesibindi nezinso. Kodwa-ke, ukwazi ukuthi unezifo ezinjalo, ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho.
Kuwusizo kakhulu ukudla amakhowe anjengokuthi: ingulube, i-cep, i-boletus, i-boletus nama-mushroom.Phakathi kwezimfanelo ezingalungile zalolu hlobo lomkhiqizo ikhono lamakhowe, njengesipanji, ukukhipha konke okulimazayo kanye nobuthi obusemhlabathini nasemoyeni. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi ngisho namakhowe aziwayo futhi adlayo njengama-mushroom boletus, empeleni, angaba nomuthi.
Kubalulekile! Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyisithupha yamahlathi amakhowe ziphikisana ngokuphelele! Futhi akuyona nje engozini yokwehla: lokhu kudla kunzima kakhulu emzimbeni wengane ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwefayibha yokudla, okwenza kube nzima kwezinye izakhi ezincane nezinzuzo ezinkulu ukuthi zingene egazini.
Imithetho yesitoreji
Uhlale ufuna ukugcina isivuno se-mushroom isikhathi eside. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukwenza lokhu, kodwa kuphela ngaphansi kwesimo esisodwa: isitshalo esivunyiwe esisha kufanele sisetshenziswe ngokoqobo ngemuva kokubuya ekuzingeleni "okuthulile." Amakhowe amahlathi awakwazi ukugcinwa ngisho naseqandisini, kungenjalo unayo yonke ithuba lokuthola ubuthi obukhulu emathunjini emathunjini. Esimweni esinzima kakhulu, uthele emanzini akhiqizwayo, ngale ndlela izitshalo zizophila kuze kube ngakusasa ekuseni, ikakhulukazi njengoba, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kunconywa ukuthi wenze lokhu uma ungawomile noma ubengeze amakhowe. 
Ukugcina isitoreji esifushane, ukuhlanza, okuhlanjululwe, nokubiliswa kwe-boletus kufanele kuhlanjululwe kahle emanzini amaminithi angu-15-20, igcwele amanzi ahlanzekile kanye neziqandisini. Kuyinto engathandeki ukusebenzisa iziqukathi zensimbi (ngisho nensimbi engenasici) ukugcina imikhiqizo esiphelile. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-1-2, lo mkhiqizo ophethwe ngomumo ungasetshenziswa noma usebenzise iziqephu zokulungiselela izifundo zesibili. Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, ukulungiselela ngokugcwele. Lokhu kungaba ukuhlanza, ukusawoti, ukukhamba, ukucubungula ngamakhova noma i-mushroom powder, kanye nokushisa.
Kubalulekile! Ngayo yonke ukunambitheka kwayo, ama-pubs, njengombuso, ane-flavor-flavor (iningi zokupheka ezitsheni ze-mushroom kunconywa ngisho ukupheka ama-boletus ahlanganiswe namanye amakhowe). Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, i-mushroom i-powder kusuka ku-boletus ayenzi lutho.Inhlanzi eqoshiwe egoqwe embizeni enenzalo ingagcinwa ngisho nasezingeni lokushisa lokushisa kuze kuphele iminyaka eyodwa nengxenye. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-caps okuqinisa ukugqoka. Ukuqhwala kukuvumela ukuba ugcine amakhowe kuze kube unyaka, uma izinga lokushisa efrijini okungenani li-15-18 degrees frost. Kungenzeka ukuthi ibombele bobabili bageza futhi bahlanza amakhowe wonke amasha, futhi balayishiwe, ngaphambi kokubiliswa ngamaminithi angu-10-15. Ngemuva kokuthi umkhiqizo ungasebenzi kahle ungasetshenziselwa ukupheka okuthosiwe, ama-mushroom asetshenziwe, izobho zokupheka. Yiqiniso, ukushisa kabusha akuvumelekile neze. Ukumisa kungenye indlela yokugcina isivuno isikhathi eside. I-mushroom eyomile kahle ingagcina zonke izakhiwo zayo ezizuzisayo, izimfanelo zokudla okunomsoco kanye nokunambitheka kusukela eminyakeni eyodwa kuya kwemibili lapho igcinwe ekamelweni elihle kahle elinomsoco ohlala njalo futhi kude nephunga eliqinile langaphandle. Ngalesi sici esincane esihle, lapho amakhowe omisiwe anikezwa khona noma aphanyeke, abekwe ngaphambilini emasakeni esikhwameni noma emasakeni esikhwameni. Amakhowe omisiwe, njengomthetho, emva kokuthunga, asetshenziselwa ukwenza isobho.
Zijwayeze ngamakhowe anjengokuthi: ukugcwalisa okumhlophe, ukhula lwe-aspen, ama-chanterelles, amakhowe kaSathane, amakhowe ase-aspen, i-morel ne-black truffle.Ngakho-ke, sibona ukuthi uMasha ovela emlandweni wezinganekwane awusizo ukungena ehlathini elimnyama. Ama-mushroom ama-Boletus, empeleni, lawo ma-mushroom, ngenxa yokuthi kufanelekile ukuvuka ekuseni bese ehamba ehlathini uhlanganisa usuku lonke. Izinzuzo zabo ezingenakunqotshwa zihlanganisa ukubukeka okugqamile okwenza kube lula ukuzibona, ukungabikho kwamawele ngempela esiyingozi kanye nokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu.
