Ezingxenyeni zethu, inqwaba yamakhowe ikhula, kodwa bambalwa abantu abayithatha ngokungathí sina. Leyindaba ebalulekile, efuna ulwazi nolwazi oluthile. Phela, ngisho nasehlane elihlanzekile ngokwemvelo, ungabona "ama-mushroom" angacabangi, okubonakala sengathi afana ne-inedible, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ahluke kuwo. Enye yalezi zinhlobo yizingcweti ezifanelwe incazelo ehlukile.
Ulwazi jikelele
I-Pusherbona iyahamba - Lonke ingxenye yamakhowe avela ku-genre Amanita. Ngenxa yalokhu "ubuhlobo" abelwe kuwo okudliwayo ngokomzimba. 
Izikhukhula zibhekwa njengama-mushroom ajwayelekile. Nanka abo izici eziyinhloko:
- Hat ikhula kuze kube ngu-10-12 cm ububanzi futhi ingaba nesimo sensimbi esenziwe ngebell noma nxazonke. Njengoba ikhula, iba flat, futhi tubercle isici kubonakala phakathi.
- Iningi lokudla inyama ingxenye ephakathi, kuyilapho emaphethelweni aphansi.
- Umbala we-Hat ingaba mhlophe, imbala, imbala, imnyama noma i-orange. Kunoma yikuphi, ingxenye engenhla iyabushelela futhi iyabhanya.
- Ehle futhi enesibhakabhaka i-pulp uma kunqunywe, cishe ayishintshi umbala, uhlala umhlophe (nakuba umthunzi we-kirimu ngezinye izikhathi ubonakala eduze kwemiphetho ye-cap).
- Umlenze 6-15 cm ubude nokufinyelela ku-2 cm ububanzi - bushelelezi noma bumbozwe ngomhlobiso (i-patina encane). Engxenyeni engezansi ita kancane, kodwa ngaphandle kokuvuvukala okuvamile kwamanye amakhowe. Imibala: ezimhlophe, ezimpunga noma ukufanisa izigqoko.
- Hamapuleti afakwe emgqonyeni. Endaweni yokwandisa amapuleti amancane abonakalayo. Ku "omncane" bamhlophe, futhi ezimweni ezindala - nge-tinge ephuzi.
- Izinsalela zefilimu (Volvo) igxila enhlabathini futhi ibonakala phansi kwefungus. Ifomu labo eligcwele ibhegi lithinta iso.
Kubalulekile! Amakhowe adlawayo ayinconywa ukuqoqa emigwaqweni emisha, emigwaqweni, nasemasimeni aseduze kwamadolobha.Abaqoqi be-mushroom abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi izibhamu ezidliwayo zinesici esithile, okuwukuthi, ukungabi khona kwendandatho emlenzeni. Abaningi badukisa ifilimu noma ama-flakes e-cap - ayengavamile futhi asuswa kalula.
Inani lomsoco
Ngenxa yezimfanelo zabo zokudla okunomsoco kanye nezinga lokufaniswa komzimba, ukugeleza kubhalwe njengama-mushroom, okungajwayelekile ukudla (isigaba okuthiwa i-IV). Okusho ukuthi, abamele ukubaluleka okukhethekile. 
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, namanje ziqukethe amaprotheni amakhulu, amafutha ngesimo se-polyunsaturated acids nama-carbohydrate. Kunezivithamini zeqembu B, kanti futhi inani elikhulu kakhulu le-phosphorus ne-potassium.
Zijwayeze ngezinhlobo zamakhowe ezidliwayo ezidliwayo, ikakhulukazi njenge-flakefish, i-cheesy, i-shiitake, i-russula, i-poplar yokudonsa, i-boletus amakhowe, i-chanterelles, i-truffle emnyama, i-redhead, i-aspen, amakhowe amhlophe, uju we-agaric.
Njengezo zonke amakhowe, zibhekwa njenge-low-calorie (20-30 kcal nge-100 g, kuye ngohlobo nokucubungula).
Ngingahlangana kuphi
Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele, ama-pusher akhula emahlathini ajwayelekile ezinhlobonhlobo (coniferous, mixed mix, deciduous). Futhi uhlangabezane nemiphetho emihle noma nje otshani obude.
Uyazi? Emahlathini aseNyakatho Melika, ama-black floats akhula, okuthiwa ubukhosi obukhulu: i-cap ububanzi buyi-15 cm (futhi lokhu kunesilinganiso somlenze we-25-27 cm).Ezinye izinhlobo zikhula ngamunye, kanti ezinye zivame ukuhamba ngamaqembu. Ngokuvamile, i-mushroom-float ingabonakala kuma-peatlands nenhlabathi e-acidic. Enye indawo eyintandokazi yezinye izinhlobo zezilwane iseduze neziqu zezihlahla ze-coniferous noma ama-birches.
Izinhlobo ze-mushroom
Okusabalalisa kakhulu kwezinhlobo ezidliwayo grey i-pusher.
Ingabonakala ngombala wayo ompunga noma ocheki, omncane (4-8 cm) nesithwebuli esincane. Kuseduze kuya emkhathini womthunzi kukhanya. Ifomu elenziwe nge-bell-shaped, kaningi kangako - liphansi, kodwa njalo libheke ngamaphethelo.
Umlenze (ngesilinganiso esingu-5-12 cm) ufakwa kuVolvo omhlophe futhi awunayo indandatho. Izinguquko zombala wazo - ezimhlophe, beige, ezimpunga. Amacwecwe akhululekile, abe nombala omhlophe.
Isikhathi esingcono sokuqoqa - kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba. Khulisa ngomunye, okukhokhelwa inamba enkulu.
Emahlathini kunezikhala zenye imigqa enezilinganiso ezifanayo, okungukuthi:
- Tan brownokuyinto ezithakazelisayo nge hat yayo. Emhlophe emaphethelweni, kancane kancane sishintsha umbala wayo ube mnyama, futhi amathoni amancane aphezulu e-orange athengiswa, okuphakathi okuba mnyama. I-Volva i-brownish phansi, futhi ayikho indandatho emlenzeni.
- Ngaphezulu i-safari. Umehluko omkhulu yi-cap saffron-orange enesithunzi phakathi nendawo. Umbala ofanayo uhambisana nomlenze (kanye nomhlophe). Amapulangwe ngokuvamile ane umbala ophuzi. Kwenzeka kancane kakhulu, ikakhulukazi emathunjini (kokubili amanga namaqembu amancane).
- Umber ophuzi (ngu-amanita waseBattarra) ngesikhungo esimnyama kanye nomnqumo ophuzi noma umnsundu omnyama. Nge ithoni kwesikhwama nomlenze onesikali esincane, ubhapathizwe ku-volvo evulekile.
- Mhlophe. Esigabeni esinezikali eziphaphathekile, i-ovate noma i-cap yensiza ene-tubercle igxile (ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube ngu-10 cm ububanzi). Inyama ebomvu iyancipha futhi igubha kahle. Izinhlobo eziningana, zikhula emahlathini axutshweyo nezinhlobonhlobo, emithini ye-birch (efaka ngayo i-mycorrhiza).
- Ubumhlophe beqhwa. Lezi zinhlobo ezincane kunazo zonke - ezineziqu ezingu-7-10 cm, ubukhulu bekhanda buhluka kusuka ku-3-7. Amakhowe amancane abonisa ukuthi ama-flakes ahlukahlukene. Uma uneminyaka yobudala, ziyanyamalala, futhi umbala wemilenze uyashintsha: kusuka ezimhlophe kuphenduka ibe grey ezingcolile. Lo mgwaqo awunakufundiswa kancane, futhi ngisho nabaqoqi be-mushroom abanolwazi ngokuvamile bawudlula.
Izinhlobo eziningi ezingavamile zinikezwa. webbed, uhlaza okomnqumo futhi iholele amakhophi. Amagama abonisa ukuthi umehluko omkhulu wamakhowe. Kuyiqiniso, ngenxa yokungakwazi ukudidazeka kalula kalula ngezinhlobo ezinobuthi.
Kubalulekile! Uma i-fungus ingabaza, akusikho into ongayithathi ekudleni.
Ukuhlukanisa kanjani amakhowe angenakutholakala futhi anobuthi
Esinye sezizathu zokuthandwa kwabantu abathintekayo - ukufana kwazo nemigqa engapheli (ikakhulukazi ama-fly agarics nama-toadstools).
Ukuya "ekuzingeleni okuthulile" ukuqoqa izitshalo, kufanelekile ukukhumbula izici eziyinhloko zezinhlobo, ezidliwayo:
- Ukungabikho kwendandatho emlenzeni. I-mushroom edliwayo ayinayo ngisho nangendlela ebonakalayo engavamile.
- Okufanayo kusebenza kumabhande ezintshevu.
- Izindleko zesembozo sefilimu, esivikela isikhala ngesikhathi sokukhula.
- Amacwecwe abizwa emaphethelweni ayo (ayabonakali nakwezinhlanzi ezinobuthi).
- I-fragility yemilenze nama-caps. Lokhu kunciphisa ngesikhathi sokuhamba, kepha indlela eqinisekile yokunquma ukuthi yikuphi amakhowe osezandleni zakho. Okudliwayo kulula ukulimaza - kokubili i-cap kanye nomlenze omncane uyaphela.
Uyazi? Amakhomikhali aqinile kakhulu: abesabi noma imisebe noma ukucindezela okukhulu (kufika ku-8 atm). Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivivinyo ezisebusweni obusondelene nomhlaba ziye zabonisa ukuthi zisinda ezingeni eliphezulu kuze kube ngamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-30.Kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa i-pusher kusuka e-toadstool nge-iphunga - ekugcineni uthola amanothi ashukela ashukela (kanti i-mushroom edlalayo ayinikezi ukunambitheka okubonakalayo).
Ividiyo: indlela yokuhlukanisa amakhemikhali angama-mushroom angenakulungiswa futhi anobuthi
Isicelo sokupheka
Ama-gourmets awafani nakakhulu nalawa amakhowe: ukunambitha bakhululekile kakhulu, ngaphandle "kokugqamisa" okhethekile (okuwukuphela kokubukeka okumhlophe nokunambitheka okucashile).
Kukhona isizathu salokhu: ngesikhathi sokukhula, ama-resinous compounds aqoqa emzimbeni wesithelo, okungukuthi, uma ulungiselelwe ngendlela engalungile, yingozi kumzimba.
Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuthi ufunde ukufisa amakhowe ngendlela efanele: amakhowe amhlophe, ama-oyster, amakhowe asendle, ama-mushroom, indlela yokudoba, ukuma amakhowe.
Ukugwema ubunzima obunjalo, kuyadingeka ukutholwa kwangaphambili amakhowe ngezigaba eziningana:
- Ukulimala ukuhlanzwa.
- Ukuhlanza ngokuphelele ngokususwa kwe-flakes ehlutshiwe nokuwa phansi.
- Ukupheka imizuzu engu-45-50 (kodwa kungcono ukumelana nehora).
Lezi zindlela zisetshenziselwa ukupheka izitsha ezibandanyiwe nezibilisiwe ngokuhlanganyela kwamaphini, kanye namaqebelengwane nama-saladi. Uma iqoqo lenzelwe ukukhethwa, ukukhwabanisa akukwenziwa.
Kubalulekile! Imvamisa ephephile yokuthatha noma yikuphi izitsha ze-mushroom - okungenani izikhathi ezingu-2 ngesonto. Abantu abanesilonda esidlwenguliwe kanye nesifo se-pancreatitis, abesifazane abakhulelwe nabaqhamukayo, kanye nabantwana, bayaphikisana ngokuphelele.
Ngokuvamile, lawa amakhowe asetshenziswa njengesithako isobho. I-algorithm yokupheka kanje:
- Ukugeza okuhlanjululwayo kugezwa futhi kufakwe ebhodweni elikhulu.
- Amanzi e-Bay abilise okungenani amaminithi angu-45.
- Ngemuva kwalokho, amakhowe asusiwe, ahlanjwe futhi avele ahlukane.
- Bese ubeka amazambane epanini, izaqathe eziqoshiwe kanye nama-mushroom cubes epanini.
- Konke lokhu kuthululwa ngamanzi, izinongo zengezwa ukunambitheka futhi ziphekwe kuze kube namazambane ophekwe ngokugcwele.
- Esidlweni sokugcina sigcwele ukhilimu omuncu, ungakhohlwa ngemifino eqoshiwe.
Akukubi kabi le fungi futhi njenge-additive kuya amazambane othosiwe. Lapha, akukho ukupheka. Uma ungaphuthelwa leli phuzu, umthamo wesifo se-carcinogens uzongena emzimbeni, futhi imiphumela ingaba yingozi kakhulu. 
Ngokuvamile, ukunemba nokuqapha lapho uqoqa idatha kusuka kumakhowe futhi usebenza nabo kufanele kube ngowokuqala.
Manje uyazi ukuthi yiziphi izingcweti, ukuthi zingobani nokuthi zingabhekaphi. Sithemba ukuthi abafundi bethu bazobonisa ukuhlakanipha okukhulu nokujwayele izipho ezinjalo zehlathi zizophepha. Zizinakekele futhi uvumele zonke izinsuku zilethe okuhle kuphela!
