I-Welsey iyindlela ehlukahlukene eyaziwa futhi engavamile ye-apula. Ihoxisiwe phakathi nekhulu le-XIX futhi yahlala ngokuqinile endaweni ye-CIS nangaphezulu.
Ngokwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-Welsey, kwakunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-40 zezihlahla zama-apula ezifanele ukunakwa. Njengokwehlukahluka komzali, i-Welsey yayisetshenziswa ngenxa yezindawo zayo eziyingqayizivele nokuphikiswa kwezifo. Iyini i-apula yesihlahla salolu hlobo?
Uhlobo luni?
Hlunga Welsey kungenziwa kubhekwe ezinhlobonhlobo zekwindla sekwephuzile noma ukuvuthwa kwasebusika ekuqaleni. Hlanganisa ama-apula ukuze uthole isitoreji ngo-Septhemba, kodwa emva kwezinyanga ezingu-2-3 ukunambitheka kwabo kugcwele kakhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo zitholakala e-Central Black Earth, ezindaweni eziphansi ze-Volga, eNyakatho-West naseNyakatho-Caucasus.
Ama-apula angagcinwa kuze kube sekupheleni kukaFebhuwari nasekuqaleni kukaMashi. Ngokuqoqwa kwezithelo akufanele kubambezeleke, ngoba bajwayele ukuchithwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ama-apula alezi zihlukahlukene aphelele ukupheka i-jam ne-jam, yokomisa nokuvuthwa, kanye nesitoreji eside.
Zigcine kuzo ezinqolobaneni noma ezinqolobaneni., ngomswakama ophezulu futhi ngokwanele izinga lokushisa loku--1 kuya ku-1 C. Ithebhu yokugcina isilinganisweni: emabhokisini amakhadibhodi noma amabhokisi eplastiki izithelo zibekwe ezigabeni, ziguqule ngephepha noma i-sawdust eyomile kahle.
Izihlahla ze-Apple Welsey - samobbleplodnyeNgakho-ke, izinhlobo zokuvuna kufanele zitshalwe eduze. Kulesi simo, i-Mekintosh, i-Antonovka evamile, i-Borovinka ne-Delishes.
Ukuhlukahluka kwe-welsey okuthandwayo nabalimi, hhayi kuphela ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo eziphawulekayo, kodwa nangenxa yokubonakala komuthi nezithelo.
Humushela incazelo emuva ku-isiNgisi Humusha Incazelo variety Welsey
Esikhathini esithombeni ungabona ukuthi lesi sihlahla se-apula esimangalisayo nezithelo zayo sibheka kanjani, bese ufunda incazelo egcwele ngezansi.
Umuthi awukude kakhulu, kunalokho ophakathi.
Umqhele ububanzi, obukhulu, obuningi. Amagatsha amakhulu atholakala engxenyeni enhle kakhulu, engabangela ukuba baphule ngaphansi kwesisindo sesitshalo. Izihlahla ezincane zingasebenzisa izitshalo.
Amahlumela asemnyama asundu. Ama-Buds amancane, abubanzi. Amaqabunga amancane, ayenamabala, ayengawatholi, ama-wavy edges. Izimbali zikhazimulayo, ubukhulu obuphakathi, buhlaza.
Izithelo zilingana, zilinganisa amagremu angu-100-130. Ifomu lihlehlisiwe, lihlangene. Isikhumba sincane, sinobuhlaza obuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, sinombala ogqamile obomvu, esiphethe cishe yonke indawo yesithelo. Inyama imhlophe nge-tinge eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukunambitheka kwama-apula kunamnandi, nge-tartness emnandi, i-crispy neyomnandi kakhulu.
Ama-apula ahlukahlukene aWesley ahlukaniswa nje ngendlala nokubukeka okuhle, kodwa futhi ngokuhamba kahle nokugcina ikhwalithi. Ububi bezinhlobonhlobo zihlanganisa ukuncika kokunambitheka kwama-apula ezimweni ezikhulayo.. Uma inkathi idla futhi ibanda - ukunambitheka kwesithelo kukhula, kuba "utshani".
Isithombe
Umlando wokuzala
UWelsey usekhaya lezwe laseMinnesota. Lezi zihlukahlukene zatholakala ngo-1860. kanye nokusetshenziswa kwembewu ye-apula yaseSiberia.
Yaqala ukukhula eRussia kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX. Ngemva kokutadisha isikhathi eside, izifunda ezifanele ukukhula ezihlukahlukene ze-Wesley zaziwa.
Isifunda sokukhula kwemvelo
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zenziwe eMelika, kodwa eyatholakala kakhulu enxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia, eBelarus naseMelika yaseBaltic. Ngenxa yobunzima bayo obusika busika bungatshalwa yonke indawo. Igcina ama-frosts kuya ku- 20-25ะก, ekushiseni okuphansi kudinga indawo yokuhlala.
Ngesimo sezulu esihle singaveza isivuno esihle.
Ukuthela
I-apple ye-fruiting iqala ekuqaleni, 3-4 ngonyaka emva kokutshala.
Ukuvuna komuthi owodwa kufinyelela ku-200-250 kg.
Kodwa i-Welsey iveza izithelo ngemuva konyaka. I-apula ayivuthi ngokulinganayo, ngakho-ke udle izitshalo ezakhiwe ngezimbini ezimbili. Okokuqala - ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba, okwesibili - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba
Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, udinga ukutshala kahle i-apula kanye nokuhlinzeka kahle.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Imithetho yokutshala nokunakekela izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-Welsey ayifani neze nemithetho esebenzayo kwezinye izinhlobo.
Kungcono ukhethe isayithi lokufika ngamanzi angaphansi komhlaba angaphezu kwamamitha angu-4. Kungenzeka ukutshala kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla, emigodini elungiselelwe kusengaphambili.
Welsey uthanda ukukhanya okuhlekodwa ayibekezeleli ukuvezwa kwelanga elishisayo. Endaweni yokufika akufanele ibe yimimoya eqinile.
Inhlabathi kumele ibe ne-air-ne-permmeable, i-loamy noma i-loamy-sabulous. Amathangi okufika ngobukhulu obujwayelekile: ububanzi buyi-50-80 cm, ukujula kungu-1-1,5 m.
Uhlaka oluphezulu lwe-sod oluxubene ne-superphosphate, umlotha okhuni kanye nomquba uyathululelwa emgodini. Ukutshala ngokucophelela isihlahla ngesikhonkwane sokusekela. Indwangu elithambile elula ukuze ingalimazi amagxolo, isithombo sinamathele emgodini ohlangothini lwe-leeward. Ngemuva kokutshala - ukuchelela okuningi.
Okudingekayo ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwe-apula ukuphuza, ukukhulula kanye nomanyolo. Uma ihlobo selomile, ukuchelela kuyenziwa kanye ngesonto, mhlawumbe kusihlwa. Ukuphuza i-apula encane kungcono kusuka phezulu, ukugeza amagatsha. Ukukhululeka kwenziwa emva kokuchelela noma imvula, ngokucophelela, ukuze ungalimazi izimpande.
Izitshalo zisetshenziswa ngendlela ejwayelekile yazo zonke izinhlobonhlobo zama-apula: ehlobo - i-nitrogen ne-phosphorus-potassium, kanye nokuwa - okuphilayo.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuqhutshwa izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka.. Kuhle kakhulu ukusebenzisa isisombululo se-urea esingagxilile noma ingxube ye-slurry-based based wood ash for root root and spraying.
Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, i-apula isetshenziselwa ukusika izihlahla. Inqubo yokuguga lesi sihlahla, kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3, ukuvuselela izihlahla kuvuselelwa.
Ngesikhathi sasebusika, umuthi we-apula kufanele ufudumale ngamagatsha ama-fir noma i-sacking futhi kuhle ukugubha isihlahla somuthi. Kodwa naphezu kwayo yonke imizamo, kusekhona ingozi yomuthi nezifo ezibhujiswa izinambuzane.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula Welsey ziphikisana kakhulu nesikhumba, kodwa zingathinteka ezinye izifo ezivamile, njenge-powdery mildew ne-cytosporosis. Izindlela zokulawula zikhona yonke indawo kuzo zonke izinhlobo: ukusika izihlahla kanye nokushiswa kwamagatsha abathintekayo nokucubungula ngamalungiselelo akhethekile.
Izinambuzane ezivame ukutholakala ezihlukahlukene ze-Wesley yi-hawthorn ne-pinwort.. Ukujikijela amaqabunga awile ekuwa, ukuhlenga nokukhulula umhlabathi oseduze ne-trunk nokuphalaza izinambuzane kuzosiza ukulwa nabo.
Ukunakekela umuthi we-apula Wesley kulula.
Sekuyisikhathi eside lezi zinhlobonhlobo zaziwa futhi zithandwa kokubili emasimini amateur nasezikhungweni zezitshalo ezikhulayo.
Izimfanelo zalo eziwusizo yisikhathi esivivinywayo nabalimi abalulekayo.
Futhi kule vidiyo ungafunda ngezimfanelo ezinhle ze-Welsey ezihlukahlukene futhi ubone ngamehlo akho lezi zihlahla zama-apula.
