Labo abawazi ngokukhona kwemifino enjalo njengamazambane amazambane, ngokuvamile bawahlanganisa ngamazwe afudumele. Kodwa kuvela ukuthi le mifino ingahlwanyelwa esimweni sezulu sezulu sezulu. Lezi zinto zizinikezele ekuziqaliseni kokulinywa kwama-yam emigqumeni esheshayo.
Okungajwayelekile emgwaqeni ongaphakathi: iyini i-yam
Lesi sitshalo esinezinhlanzi esinezilimo eziyizigaxa singokwezihlobo ze-Ilomey nomndeni wakwaVivunkov. Ngaphandle, yi-creeper enwabuzelayo, ubude bayo bufinyelela kumamitha amahlanu. Amahlamvu ahlotshiswe enhliziyweni noma angama-palmate-lobed, izimbali zinkulu, zimhlophe noma zimhlophe-zibomvu. Isithelo ibhokisi eliqukethe imbewu.
Uyazi? Inzalo ye-mbatata yakhiwa isiphuzo, okunye okukhumbuza ikhofi. Amaqabunga, ngemuva kokungena emanzini, ayengezwa esaladini.
Inani elibalulekile lamazambane amazambane alo, elifinyelela ku-30 ​​cm ubude. Ngaphandle, zibukeka njengezambatho, kodwa azikho amehlo. Inyama imhlophe, iphuzi, i-orange, ukhilimu - itholakala ezihlukahlukene. 
Ukunambitheka kwalezi zilimo eziyizigaxa kubuyehluka, kungaba mnandi kakhulu, futhi kube mnandi kakhulu, kunambitheka we-nut noma i-chestnut. Zidliwa ngezinhlobo eziphekiwe, ezithosiwe, ezibhaka kanye noshizi. Kukholelwa ukuthi izwe lakubo lama-sweet potato yiNingizimu Melika, lapho lisakaze khona emhlabeni jikelele.
Seluleka ukuba ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezindawo ezizuzisayo zemifino enjenge-radish eluhlaza, izaqathe eziphuzi, i-cassava, i-rutabaga, i-turnips, i-beet, isitshalo se-celery, i-daikon, i-girasol, isithombo se-black and white.
Emazweni afudumele afana nezwe laseChina nase-Afrika, likhule ngamashumi ezinkulungwane zamathani. Kodwa-ke, le mifino ingahlonywa ngempumelelo ezindaweni ezihamba phambili, nakuba isimo sezulu esibi kakhulu sihlwanyelwa njengesitshalo saminyaka yonke, kanti ubukhulu bezilimo eziyizigaxa buncane kunezindawo ezishisayo.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezifanele ukukhula emgwaqeni ophakathi
Erejista YaseRashiya Yenkolo Yokufeza Ukufeza, akulona uhlobo olulodwa lwezambatho ezithambile. Ukulima, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezisetshenziswa ezivela phesheya.
Nazi ezinye zazo:
- I-Garnet - ezihlukahlukene-zakuqala-ekuqaleni, bred e-United States. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ziyi-oblong, inyama inomnandi, i-orange.
- I-Tynung T-65 (i-Tainung T-65) - ekuqaleni kweTaiwan ezihlukahlukene, inezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkulu ezine-pulp yellow, ukunambitheka okumnandi.
- "I-Purple" (i-Purple) - ezihlukahlukene ezivela eU.SA ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, inyama ibubende, iyakuthanda njengamazambane.
- "Ginseng Red" (Ginseng Red) - ezihlukahlukene ezivumela ukuphakama ezithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni, inyama iluphuzi, ijabule ekunambeni.
Bheka izindawo eziwusizo ze-yam.
- Ukunqoba-100 - yavulwa ngesisekelo sezinhlobo ezidume zaseMelika eNancy Hall (eNancy Hall) futhi manje sekubhekwa njengento evamile eRussia. Inyama iluphuzi, ukunambitheka kuyinto enhle kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Ngezimo zesimo sezulu esifudumele, izinhlobo zakuqala kanye nezinkathi zonyaka phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo engakapheli izinsuku ezingu-110 ezifanele kakhulu. Izinto zokutshala zihlelwe kahle kusuka ku-batatovodov yendawo noma ezitolo zaseYurophu ezikhethekile.
Okuphawulekayo kokuhluma amazambane: indlela yokukhulisa izithombo
I-sweet potato isakazwa yi-cuttings - lawa amahlumela agxila kwi-tuber. Kusukela ku-tuber eyodwa, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo, ungathola kusuka ku-10 kuya ku-50 cuttings. Ukuze ukuhluma kwemifino kulungiselele i-substrate: hlanganisa izingxenye ezilinganayo zenhlabathi elula, i-humus nesihlabathi.
Baqala ukuhluma ngoFebruwari noma ngo-Mashi, kuxhomeke kwi-microclimate yendawo. Izilimo eziyizigaxa kufanele zibe nempilo, ngaphandle kokulimala komshini nezindawo ezithambile. 
Kunezindlela eziningana zokuhluma, okuningi mayelana nabo okuchazwe ngezansi.
Ukuhluma emanzini
Ngale ndlela, i-tuber ifakwe engilazini yamanzi ukuze ingxenye engaphansi ifakwe emanzini ngo-1-2 cm. Amanzi aguqulwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Uma kuvela amahlumela, i-tuber ifakwe kwisitsha esine-substrate; ngaphandle kwalokho, kukhona ingozi yokubola. Ngokuvamile izilimo eziyizigaxa zigcinwa emanzini okungaphezu kwenyanga.
Kubalulekile! Uma uthenga i-yam yokutshala ezitolo ezivamile, ingacubungulwa nge-inhibitors, isb. izinto ezivimbela ukuvela kwamahlumela ku-tuber. Kulokhu, ukuhluma izilimo eziyizigaxa akunakwenzeka ukuba uphumelele.
Uhluma emhlabathini
Umkhuba ovame kakhulu wokuhluma ama-yam enhlabathini. I-substrate ilungiswe ngendlela echazwe ngenhla. Ukutshala okulula noma okuqondile kwezilimo eziyizigaxa kuyasetshenziswa, zombili izindlela azikho izinzuzo ezithile phezu komunye nomunye.
Sincoma ukuthi ujwayelane nama-nuances okutshala imifino enjalo yezimpande njenge-parsnips, beet, scorzonera, iJerusalema i-artichokes, i-turnips, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, i-turnip kanye nesithombo somnyama.
I-Horizontal
Kulesi simo, i-tuber ibeke phezu kwe-substrate enezingqimba, eceleni kwayo, futhi idonswe kancane. Kunconywa ukuba i-substrate ihlale iyanamanzi; kunconywa ukuthi igcine isitsha ngesifo sofuba esiye sahluma endaweni ekhanyisiwe ekamelweni lokushisa elingekho ngaphansi kuka-20C. 
I-vertical
Indlela elula - isigamu se-tuber singcwatshwe emhlabathini futhi sivame ukuphuza ekamelweni lokushisa, ukugcina umhlabathi unomanzi njalo. Ngemuva kokuthi amahlumela avele, kubalulekile ukubanikeza ukukhanya okuhle.
Ngenye indlela yokuhluma, i-tuber inqunywa ibe yi-halves emibili, ingcwatshwe ngocezu phansi kwe-substrate iphinde yanisela. Ngalendlela, izicuttings zivela ekuqaleni nangokwengeziwe, kodwa ingozi yokubola ye-tuber iyanda. 
Nini ukufakelwa izithombo
I-cuttings ingafakwa endaweni evulekile, lapho ubukhulu bayo bufinyelela ku-15-20 cm. Uma amahlumela afinyelela usayizi oyifunayo, futhi angeke atshalwe endaweni evulekile, izithombo zisala endlini. Lapho isimo sezulu sivumela ukuba sitshale izithombo, ukusika kwe-length edingekayo kunqunywe.
Ngokuqondene nezimo zezulu, ngokuvamile ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kwenzeka ngoMeyi noma ngasekuqaleni kukaJune, lapho kungekho ngozi yokubuya kweqhwa. Izihlahla zidinga ukulungiselela ukutshala.
Bahlukaniswe ngokucophelela kusuka ku-tuber (ukusika okungcono), kodwa uma kuvela amaqabunga aphansi, asuswa. Okulandelayo, i-cuttings ifakwa emanzini izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, uhlelo lwempande kufanele luqale ukwakha. Ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpande, ama-cuttings angatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ukutshala amazambane amahle emhlabathini ovulekile
Ngemuva kokulungiswa kahle kwe-cuttings nokusungulwa kwesimo sezulu esifudumele, amazambane amazambane atshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile, okufanele afudumele kufika ku-15 ° C ... + 18 ° C. 
Ukukhethwa kweSayithi
Umhlabathi ovundile ovundile uhle kakhulu kulo mifino, kepha ungakhula cishe noma yikuphi. Isayithi lapho ahlala khona, kufanele avuleke kahle futhi avikeleke emoyeni. Lesi sitshalo asithandi umthunzi namanzi aphelile ngenxa yokugeleza okungenamsoco.
Kungcono ukwakha imibhede eningi eningi, khona-ke kuyoba lula ukumba isivuno. Ukuze uhlale ushisayo, ungakwazi (futhi ngokuvamile udinga nje) ukumboza umbhede ngokugoqa ngepulasitiki ngezimbobo ze-yam shoots, kulokhu, wafafaza izimbobo ngesihlabathi. Isayithi salesi sitshalo singaba ithanga, anyanisi kanye nosawoti.
I-patterning yokuhamba
Umphumela omuhle utholakala ngokuhlwanyela ukutshala ama-cuttings, kanti emhlabathini kumele kube okungenani ama-node amabili, lapho izimpande zihluma khona. Kodwa-ke, abanye abalimi banamathele ukusika ngaphandle kwezimpande zibe semhlabathini bese bewamanisela kakhulu - le ndlela igcina isikhathi esiningi, kodwa ngokuvamile akuzona zonke izicucu ezithatha izimpande.
Ividiyo: ukuhamba kwamanzi amazambane
Ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa lapho utshalwa khona liyi-70 cm, kanti izitshalo ngokwawo emigqeni zitshalwe kude ebangeni elingaba ngu-30 cm komunye nomunye.
Indlela yokukhuphula yam emgwaqeni ophakathi: imithetho yokunakekelwa
Ngaphambi kokutshala, kunconywa ukuba usebenzise umanyolo obunzima obunamaminerali emhlabathini ngenhla yokuphoqelelwa kwesulfulthi. Emva kokutshala, ungondla isitshalo ngezinto eziphilayo, kungabi ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezimbili ehlobo - kungaba i-mullein nge-50 g we-superphosphate ibhakede ngayinye lapho kusetshenziswa ibhakede lesisombululo ngomitha ngamunye wembhedeni.
Maphakathi no-Agasti, i-yam idliwe ngama-fertilizer umquba. Indlela enhle yokugqoka - ukukhipha umlotha, lapho kuthatha izinkomishi ezimbili zomlotha ebhakede lamanzi futhi ziphoqeleke ngeviki ngokugqugquzela ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ngenyanga yokuqala emva kokutshala, imibhede iyanisela ngendlela yokuthi umhlaba uhlale unomanzi. Khona-ke ukuqina kokunisela kuncishisiwe, ukuchelela okuvamile kuyenzeka uma ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi luma. Amaviki amabili ngaphambi kokuvuna, ukuchelela kunqanyuliwe, ngaphandle kwalokho izilimo eziyizigaxa ziyoba ngamanzi amaningi. 
Uma umbhede ungahlanganiswa ne-foil, khona-ke kukhona ingozi yokuqothula kwama-internodes amahlumela. Bahlushwa nalokhu ngokumane bephakamisa izitshalo bese beqeda lezi zimpande. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, isivuno singase sinciphise kakhulu, kwezinye izimo ku-zero.
Le mifino cishe ayihambisani nezifo. Uma isayithi ingasetshenzisiwe kahle futhi amanzi ngemva kokuphuza ahlaselwa, kungase kuthinteke kancane kancane. Kulezi zinambuzane, ukushaywa kwegundane kubonisa ingozi enkulu.
Ukuze ulwe nabo, ungasebenzisa ucingo lwesikhumba esenziwe kahle esinesisindo esingama-30 cm, esongezwa nge-dropwise cishe 30 cm ejulile. Balwa namagundane futhi ngosizo lwezingibe, abashayeli be-elekthronikhi, ama-baits anobuthi (kulokhu kungcono ukusebenzisa amasevisi ochwepheshe).
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Isikhathi sokuvunwa sincike ezinhlobonhlobo zamazambane, ngokuvamile sekuyizinsuku ezingu 90-120 emva kokutshala.
Ividiyo: ukuvuna amazambane
Isibonakaliso esingavamile sokuthi isikhathi sokuhlanza siwuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka samahlamvu esitshalo. Qamba ngokucophelela izilimo eziyizigaxa, njengoba zilimala kalula. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isitoreji sesikhathi eside sithatha isitshalo, izilimo eziyizigaxa ezithatha amazambane zitholakala enqubo yokwelapha.
Le nqubo iqukethe ukuthi izilimo eziyizigaxa zibeka endaweni epholile yesikhathi eside izinsuku ezingu-10 kuya emavikini amabili. Ukushisa okunengqondo kwalokhu ku-30 ​​° + 35 ° C. Gcina isivuno emabhokisini noma emabhokisini ene-ventilation ekushiseni kwama-20 ° C. Uma ukugcina kubalulekile ukuhambisa izilimo eziyizigaxa ngendlela encane ngangokunokwenzeka, lokhu kungaholela emonakalweni nasekubola.
Uyazi? Igama elithi "amazambane amahle" liboleka ulimi lwase-Arawak - lezi zizwe zaseNdiya ezihlala eNingizimu neMelika Ephakathi.
Amaphutha kungenzeka lapho ukhula
Ngokuvamile abaqalayo batatovody benza amaphutha ejwayelekile lapho bekhula lemifino. 
Okuvamile kakhulu okulandelayo:
- ukubambezeleka kokuhluma kwezilimo eziyizilimo eziyizigaxa, okuholela ekutheni ukutshala kakhulu kwezitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile;
- endaweni epholile kakhulu, umbhede awuhlanganiswa nefilimu, ehlisa noma eyeka ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo;
- ukutshala eduze kwemibhede yamam yezitshalo eziphakeme nokuhlanganisa ezifana nommbila noma insiyi - ziyakwazi ukufihla futhi zivimbele ukuhlwanyela kwama-yam;
- akukho ukulwa namagundane we-vole okwandisa ngokushesha futhi akwazi ukubhubhisa sonke isitshalo.
I-Batata, naphezu kwemvelaphi yasezindaweni ezishisayo, kungenzeka ukuba ikhule ezimweni zezulu zendawo ephakathi. Ukuhlakulela kwakhe ubunzima obukhethekile akubanga imbangela, kodwa udinga ukwazi inani lezinhlayiya futhi usebenzise zonke izindlela ezidingekayo ze-agrotechnical. 
Ukunambitheka okuhle kwamazambane kunika izizathu ezanele zabalimi ukuqala ukutshala lesi sitshalo.
