Isitshalo esinomlingiswa, esicabangela futhi esingenasisekelo, futhi esingalindelekile - ngakho abalimi balula isitshalo esingavamile esibizwa nge-irezine. Abaqalayo abakwazi ukuthola indlela yomqashi ophikisayo, kodwa abalimi abanamaphuzu abanokubekezela kanye nokubekezela bangenza izimo ezidingekayo ukuze bafinyelele imbali bese bethola isibhakabhaka esinamandla, esihloniphekile. Uma unquma ukuletha lo mhlali omibalabala ongaphansi komhlaba, kubalulekile ukwazi nge-nuances yokukhathalela ilukuluku.
Incazelo
Irezine (amanye amagama - Irezina, Iresina) uyilungu lomndeni wakwa-amaranth, kungenzeka kube isitshalo se-herbaceous zisetshenziswa, shrub noma shrub, ngisho nesihlahla. Ikhula e-Australia, eNingizimu ne-Central America. 
Izilwane zasekhaya zasemaphandleni zifinyelela ku-40-60 cm ukuphakama, zigcwele futhi ziyi-oblong, zikhomba amaqabunga kuze kube ngu-6 cm ubude, izithunzi ezibomvu, ezibomvu nezibomvu ezinezinhlayiya ezimnyama.
Ngenxa yombala ongajwayelekile, u-irezine uye wathola ukuthandwa.
Uyazi? Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-450 zezitshalo ezidliwayo emhlabeni, okuyinto, ngaphezu kwekhono le-photosynthesis, lingadla amaprotheni ukudla. Abazihlaziyi izinambuzane, izimbongolo, amaxoxo, ngisho nezimbungulu ezincane namagundane.
Ekhaya, liqhakaza ngokweqile kakhulu, kepha ngisho noma lisho, izimbali ezikhanyayo azikho inani lokuhlobisa. I-Irezine isetshenziselwa ukwakha izingqungquthela ze-landscape, futhi futhi njengesitshalo sezindlu ezimbizeni noma eziklanyelwe ama-ampelous.
Izitshalo ezinomsoco ezinomsoco zihlanganisa izinkanyezi ezifana ne-lanceolate starfish, i-lithnis, i-acanthus, utshani obunamandla, umnsalo wokuhlobisa, i-yaskolka, i-tiarell, i-gelenium ne-crested.
Izinhlobo
Kuphelele, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-80 ezitshalweni zezitshalo, kodwa ezimbili kuphela eziye zavame ukuba izitshalo zokuhlobisa:
- Iresine Linden (Iresine lindenii). I-Herbaceous zisetshenziswa ekuqaleni kwase-Ecuador. Ifinyelela ku-50 cm, edwetshwe ngombala obomvu okwesibhakabhaka onophawu olubomvu. Amaqabunga ahamba ngamaqanda, akhomba emaphethelweni, kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-6 cm ubude. Lesi sitshalo sitshalwe ikakhulu ngaphandle. Inzuzo yalezi zinhlobo ukukhula okusheshayo, ukuhleleka okumangalisayo nokumangalisayo - ekuphakameni kwama-10-12 cm ukusuka emhlabathini kanye namafomu e-raber Linden amahle amahlumela amahle, okwesikhashana enza i-carpet ebomvu amaqabunga, futhi enze ukugqamisa okukhulu ekubunjweni kwezwe.
- Irezine Herbst (Iresine herbstii). Endle, ikhula eBrazil. Ihluke ekukhuleni okuncane - kuphela ukuphakama kuka-20-40 cm, amaqabunga ajikelezileyo, avulekile, ahlangene namacebiso. Umthunzi wamaqabunga u-maroon omnyama nge-streaks ebomvu ekhanyayo. Kukhona futhi ama-subspecies anomthunzi omnyama wamaqabunga, lapho kutholakala khona imivimbo ye-burgundy ne-yellow-green. Kungenzeka kube nezitshalo ezinemibala engavamile - i-shelic metallic emaqabunga abomvu. U-Irezine Herbst wayevame ukusebenzisa ummbila wokupheka.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Ukunakekelwa okunempilo komhlali oshisayo kuzoqinisekisa ukukhula okusheshayo, ubuhle kanye nempilo. Ukunakekela isihlahla kuhilela ukukhethwa kokukhanyisa okufisa nokushisa, umbuso wokuswakama, nokudla njalo nokunciphisa.
Ukukhanyisa
I-Irezine idinga ukukhanya okukhulu, ngakho-ke ukukhula endlini kufanelekile ukukhetha indawo ekhanyiswe kakhulu eningizimu, eningizimu-ntshonalanga noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga.
Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, ungasebenzisa uhlangothi lwempumalanga noma olusentshonalanga ekamelweni. Ngaphandle kwalokho ungabeki i-irezine engxenyeni enyakatho yendlu.
Esikhathini sentwasahlobo eshisayo nezinhlobo zasehlobo, i-irezine kufanele ihlolwe kancane ukuze igweme ukushisa uma ivuleka ilanga eliqondile. Lesi sitshalo kumele sibe kancane kancane futhi sihambisane kahle nemisebe eqondile yelanga. 
Ubude bamahora okukhanya kufanele kube okungenani amahora angu-14, okungenani amahora angu-16. Ukugcwalisa ukungabi khona kokukhanya, ungasebenzisa izibani ezikhethekile.
Kubalulekile! Ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanyisa, amaqabunga alahlekelwa ama-crimson hue, avela, isihlahla silahlekelwa ukuheha.
Ukushisa
I-Irezine ihlukumezeka ngokuphathelene nokushisa. Unyaka wonke, ungagcina izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi + 16 ... +25 ° C.
Noma yikuphi ukushisa ngaphandle kobubanzi obucacisiwe kuthinta isimo se-irezine kabi: uma siphansi kakhulu (kusuka ku- +12 ° C nangaphansi), lesi sitshalo singase sibole, silahlekelwe amaqabunga, futhi uma sikhulu kakhulu, amaqabunga azobola. 
Umhlaba
Ukuze irezine ikhule, kubalulekile ukuthenga inhlabathi ekhethekile nge pH neutral noma kancane acidic (6-7). I-shrub idinga ngempela ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi aphakeme kakhulu.
Funda ngokubaluleka kwenhlabathi ye-acidity, indlela yokunquma i-asidi, indlela nokuthi ungayichitha kanjani inhlabathi.I-substrate ingalungiswa kusuka kulezi zakhi ezilandelayo:
- umhlaba we-sod (izingxenye ezingu-4);
- Umhlabathi ohlaza (izingxenye ezine);
- humus (izingxenye ezimbili);
- isanti (ingxenye engu-1);
- peat (ingxenye engu-1).
Inhlanganisela efanayo iyakulungiswa lapho kuguqulwa irezine. Kubalulekile ukuhlwanyela njengoba isimiso sezimpande sikhula, ngokwesilinganiso, esisodwa eminyakeni engu-2-3 ngesikhatsi esishisayo. 
Ukunisela nokuswakama
Ukuze uketshezi, ungasebenzisa okulula (imvula noma i-thawed), ihlungiwe noma ihlelwe ngesikhathi samanzi ngosuku lokushisa kwama-20 ... 25 ° C. Umthetho oyinhloko wokunisela ukulinganisela, ngoba kokubili ukungaphumeleli kanye nokweqile komswakama kuyingozi ku-irezine.
Entwasahlobo nehlobo, kudinga ukuchelela okuningi. Thola isidingo sokuba umswakama ngokumisa phezulu.
Ebusika, ukuchelela kunciphisa isikhathi 1 ngesonto, ikakhulukazi uma ugcina isitshalo ekushiseni okuphansi ngokwanele (+ 14 ... +16 ° C). Kodwa ngisho nangenkathi ebandayo akunakwenzeka ukuvumela ukumile okuphelele komhlaba we-coma.
Asikho isidingo esithile sokungcola komoya, futhi i-rabra ayinqamuki ngisho nokomisa emoyeni ekamelweni. Kodwa-ke, phakathi nezinyanga ezishisayo zasehlobo, kanye nasebusika, ngesikhathi sokushisa amadivaysi okushisa, kuyadingeka ukuba uhambise ingxenye engenhla yesitshalo esivela ku-sprayer izikhathi eziningana ngesonto. 
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukondla unyaka wonke, kepha imvamisa yokukhulelwa incike kule nkathi. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, uma kunenkathi yokukhula okujulile, umanyolo kufanele usetshenziswe masonto onke.
Ungasebenzisa kokubili umanyolo we-organic and amaminerali, ngokwemiyalelo ephaketheni. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kancane (ekwindla nasebusika), imvamisa yokufaka umanyolo iyancipha ibe yinyanga 1 ngenyanga.
Njengomanyolo owenziwe ngomzimba usebenzisa isisindo somfuyo, isidlo sezinhlanzi, amasondo obisi, amaqabunga amaqanda, izikhumba zebhanana, ikhasi le-anyanisi, i-nettle.Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukunciphisa inani lezakhi ezisuka kumthamo ocacisiwe. Kodwa-ke, abanye abanikazi be-irezine bathi igumbi lesilwane libekezelela izinyanga zasebusika kahle, ngaphandle kokungenelela.
Ukudubula
Ukuze ukhiqize isihlahla somumo omuhle, ukuvuselela nokuvuselela i-irezine, kuyadingeka ukuthi ugijime njalo, noma ngokucophelela, ukuphoqa. Udinga ukususa phezulu phezulu futhi amanye amahlumela ohlangothini.
Endaweni yabo, lesi sitshalo emva kwesikhathi esifushane sizovumela ukuthi amahlumela amancane aqale esihlahleni, okuzokwenza kube khona ukuzithokozisa. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ungasebenzisa ukusika izihlahla eziningi, okuyinto ezoba ukugqugquzela ukukhula okuthuthukisiwe kwesilwane esiyingqayizivele.
Uyazi? Lapho igama elithi "imbali" livela kakhulu ukuhlangana ne-inflorescence enhle, eyinkimbinkimbi, enomsindo. Noma kunjalo, akuzona zonke izimbali ezinezici ezinjalo. Isibonelo, i-inflorescences ye-pharynx yengonyama ngemuva kokuchichima ifana nama-skulls wangempela futhi ibe nokubukeka okwesabekayo.
Ukukhiqizwa yi-cuttings
Ukusabalalisa kwe-irezine kwenzeka ngenzalo nokuxhunyelelwa, indlela yokugcina isetshenziselwa inqwaba yamacala ngenxa yendlela elula futhi esheshayo. Inqubo kufanele yenziwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Izinyathelo zenqubo:
- Sika izinsimbi eziba ngu-7-8 cm ubude.
- Zifinyelele emathangeni ngesihlabathi (ungalungisa inhlanganisela yesihlabathi bese uhlalisa isilinganiso esiphezulu se-1: 1).
- Moisten futhi ulondoloze ukushisa kuze +20 ° C.
- I-Cuttings idinga ukumboza ifilimu ukudala "ukushisa okushisa".
- Lungisa izimbiza ezingapheli zezitshalo kuze kufike ku-10 cm ngokujula, ulungise inhlabathi efanayo nokutshala izihlahla ezindala.
- Cishe izinsuku ezingu-7-10 zokuqothulwa kwezicucu ziyokwenzeka, ngakho-ke, zingatshalwa ukukhula okuphakade.
Ukunakekela izitshalo ezincane akufani nokukhathalela ama-adult specimens.Izinkinga ezingenzeka
Uma ukhula lo mmele we-subtropics, ungase ubhekane nezinkinga ezinjalo:
- Ukuwa kwamaqabunga ezansi. Ezitshalweni ezincane zenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya noma ngenxa yokuqina ngezihlahla. Ukuze uthole ama-adult specimens, ukuwa kwamaqabunga aphansi kuyindlela evamile.
- Leaf iyawa yonke indawo. Isizathu singase sibe ukuchelela ngokweqile noma okunganele.
- Ukudonsa iziqu. Ivela lapho kunesikhanyiso esanele.
Izinambuzane
Lesi sitshalo asikho kangako esithinteka yizifo ze-fungal noma amabhaktheriya, kodwa ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane ezinobungozi kanye nemikhaza ngokuvamile kuyenzeka ngenxa yokwephula imithetho yokunakekelwa. Kubalulekile ukuhlola njalo amaqabunga e-irezine kusuka engxenyeni yangaphakathi nangaphakathi yesinus kanye neziqu ukuze uqaphele "ukuhlaselwa" kwezivakashi ezingamenyiwe ngesikhathi.
Thola ukuthi yiziphi izindlela ezisetshenziselwa ukulwa nama-aphid, i-whitefly, izibungu zesicabucabu, izibungu ezibomvu, i-thrips.Ngokuvamile i-irezine ithinteka yizinambuzane ezinonya ezinjalo:
Kubalulekile! Uma uthola ukuthi isihlahla sithinteka yizinambuzane, udinga ukuhlola ngokushesha izitshalo ezisele ekamelweni bese uzihlukanisa nalabo abonakalisiwe ekamelweni elihlukile.
- Aphid Kungenzeka ukubona ukuthi inkathazo yizibonakaliso zangaphandle: amaqabunga ama-curl, agqugquzelwa ngeminyango enamathele, lapho i-fungus emnyama isakazeka khona. I-aphid eluhlaza ithinta isihlahla ngenxa yokudla ngokweqile noma ukungabi khona kwayo ngokuphelele (lapho isihlahla sishisa), kanye nangenxa yomoya emoyeni, ukungabi nomoya wokuphuza umoya, ukukhanya okunganele noma ukuchelela. Ungakwazi ukulwa namakhemikhali ("Aktellik", "Akarin", "Fufanon") ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo.
- I-Whitefly. Le nkathazo kunzima ukususa, ngoba udinga ukuthatha zonke izinyathelo zokuvimbela. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokubonakala kwe-whitefly yisimo, umoya omanzi nokushisa okuphezulu. Ngalungiselelo elincane lama-greenery, amathuba okubonakala okwenyuka kwezinambuzane. Isitshalo esithathelelekile kufanele sihlanzwe, uma kunokwenzeka, sisuse ngesandla isisulu, sithathe indawo. Khona-ke udinga ukwelashwa ngamalungiselelo "Confidor" noma "Aktellik". Ungakwazi futhi ukulungisa ikhambi lasekhaya: hlanganisa 1 ingxenye yegaliki encibilikisiwe ngezingxenye ezingu-5 zamanzi, shiya isonto bese uphefa isitshalo.
- Isibungu se-spider Uma izinambuzane zithinteka, i-underside yamaqabunga igcwele amachashazi amhlophe, ihlanganiswe nama-cobwebs. Ukukhiqiza okuningi kwezinambuzane kuholela ekutheleleni. Isizathu senzeke yomoya omile nomhlabathi. Ukuqeda izinambuzane, izitshalo, izimbiza kanye namafasitela kufanele zihlanjululwe ngamanzi asozini, bese ziphathwa ngezinambuzane izikhathi eziningi: i-Apollo, i-Akarin, i-Omite.
- Okubomvu. Amaqabunga abathintekile ahlanganiswe ne-patina elula, efana ne-wax, kanye nokuvimba okunamandla. I-scarlet ivela lapho ubomvu obuningi bomhlabathi nomoya, phambi kwamaqabunga amaningi omile. Ukuvimbela umonakalo ngenkathazo, i-irezine kumele isetshenziswe njalo, ifakwe, ifakwe, ihlanzwe futhi ihlanzwe. Ukuqeda ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa: "Fitoverm", "Calypso", "Aktara".
- Thrips. Uma inambuzane e-nimble ivela esilwaneni esisodwa, ingakwazi ukushaya ngokushesha indawo elandelayo, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlukanisa isihlahla esibulalayo. Ukuvimbela okwenzekayo, kubalulekile ukugwema ukoma kwenhlabathi, njalo ugeze futhi ugeze amaqabunga. Ingqimba ephezulu yenhlabathi idinga ukushintshwa, amahlamvu kufanele ahlanzwe futhi aphathwe iresine ngalezi zindlela: "Inta-Vir", "Fitoverm", "Karbofos", "Aktellik".
Phakathi kwazo zonke izindlu zendlu, i-irezine ihlukaniswa ubala oluhlukile lwembala lamahlamvu. Ngokuqinisekile kuyoba ukugxila okuyinhloko emlandweni wemifino yembiza. Njengoba ufunde zonke izinhlobo ze-nuances nemithetho yokunakekelwa komuntu ohlala ezindaweni ezishisayo, ungakwazi kalula ukukhula isitshalo esingavamile, esingapheli, esingavamile.
