I-Ktenante (Ktenante, Ctenanthe) - isitshalo sasendlini seqembu lokuhlobisa, lingomndeni waseMarantova.
Uvame ukudideka ne-calathea ngenxa yokuntuleka kokuhlukaniswa kwalezi zinhlobo.
Incazelo
Endle, i-qutenant itholakale endaweni epholile yaseSouth America (eColombia, eBrazil, eVenezuela), eyethulwa nezwekazi lethu ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19.
Amaqabunga e-qutenant anesimo se-oval, esicacile noma esiyingxenyeni, ngezimfucuza, ezisehlathini ezincane ngesimo se-fan noma isikhukhula, lapho igama lembali lavela khona.
Uyazi? I-Ctenos ihunyushwa kusukela kwisiGreki ngokuthi "ikhefu".Amaqabunga e-qutenant emibala emibili: isizinda esiluhlaza esiluhlaza noma esiluhlaza oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nephethini elibonakalayo elimibalabala ngendlela yamaqoqo asymmetrical of green, yellow, gray grey or white. Ubuso beshidi yi-velvet. Ngakolunye uhlangothi amaqabunga anombala obomvu obomvu.
Lapho kuqala kusihlwa, amaqabunga e-Ctenant aphakama phezulu, evala, ephansi ekuseni.Ukuphakama kwamakamelo okulala kungena ku-90 cm, futhi kwimvelo - kufika ku-2.5 m.
Ngokuvamile i-Ktenanta idinga umnikazi ngezimbali, ukuma kwezimbali kufana ne-spikelet enkulu yengqolowa yombala ophuzi olubomvu, omhlophe noma ophuzi. Abathandi izitshalo zasendlini ngenani lobuhle bezitshalo zamahlamvu.
Izinhlobo
Ekhaya, iBerl-Marx, uLubbers, no-Oppenheim bakhula kumngane wakhe, nakuba isayensi ikwazi ngezinhlobo ezingu-15 zomqashi.
I-Ctenante Burl-Marx
Buka i-Ctenanthe burle-marxii etholakala eBrazil Roberto Burle-Marx. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemindeni ye-maranth, lesi sitshalo sincane kakhulu, asifinyelele ngaphezu kuka-40 cm ukuphakama. Amahlamvu ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aphuzi, anamabala anombala obhekwe ngamabhodlela ngesimo semivimbo, unesimo somgqa onobubanzi obunamaphesenti angaba ngu-6 kuya kwangu-10 ngobukhulu, futhi ohlangothini olungenalutho - cherry.
Umbono uthathe kahle izimpande ensimini, usakazeka ngesimo sephepha.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezinhlobo ze-Berl-Marx: i-obscura, i-agris nezinhlobo ezincane. Zihluka emthunzini wamaqabunga.
Ngo-obscura uhlobo (Obscura) amahlamvu anomngcele omkhulu we-malachite.
UKtenanta Burl-Marx Amagris (Amagris) ebonakala ngamaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngesimo somthunzi obumnyama njengama-streaks amancane. I-Ctenante Burl-Marx Amagris yayibhalwe ngobuciko eBelgium.
Shiya ama-ctenants amancane finyelela ukuphakama okungaphezu kuka-20 cm, ube nephethini elihle lemivimbo yombala wotshani ngemuva kokukhanya.
I-Ktenant Lubbers
Ctenanthe ama-lubbersiana amaqabunga umumo ubude, uphendukela phezulu. Umbala wamaqabunga uhlaza okwe-emerald ngezindawo ezingabalalayo ezihlakazekile ezinkulu zombala wombala ophuzi ophuzi. Ehlangothini logobile lamahlamvu aluhlaza. Iziqu zezitshalo ezinemibala ewayini. Isici sesici salezi zinhlobo ukukhula kwamaqabunga esiqu. 
Ukudayiswa kunezinhlobo zezinhlobo zezinhlobo ze "Golden Mosaic" (i-Golden Mosaic), i- "Variegata" (Variegata), "i-Brazilian Snow" (i-Brazilian Snow) ne "Tropical Dragon". Eyokuqala ibonakala ngezindawo eziluhlaza ezikhanyayo zendawo engavamile emlandweni omnyama. "I-Variegata" ibonakala ngamacupha ombala ophuzi ophuzi.
Amachashaza emaqabeni endlovukazi "iqhwa laseBrazil" nelithi "udrako wesibhakabhaka" alinamahloni, kodwa owokuqala anamabala amakhulu, cishe ingxenye yesiqabunga. Emaqabunga e-"Tropical Dragon" amabala ngesimo sezinhlaka ezibanzi. 
Ekuphakameni kwezindlovukazi zaseLubbers kufinyelela ku-80 cm kuya ku-1 m.
Ktenanta Oppenheim
Ctenanthe oppenheimiana - omunye ophezulu kakhulu. Endle, umlimi we-Oppenheim ukhula ufike ku-2 m, ekhaya - kufika ku-1 m. 
Uyazi? U-Oppenheim's Ktenant ubizwa ngokuthi "i-giant bamburanta."Amaqabunga awo anamandla, anemibala ehamba phambili enezindawo ezinkulu eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ebomvu ngasemuva. Ebiwe phansi, amahlamvu amade (kuze kufike ku-40 cm) ahlaziye.
Ukuhluka okuvamile eYurophu kuyinto "I-Tricolor" (Tricolor), emaqabeni kukhona amabala kanye nemivimbo yembala ephuzi elibomvu.
I-Ktenanta icindezelekile
Izinhlamvu ezicindezelweyo (Ctenanthe Compressa) imelela ama-rectangles enezingqimba zomjikelezo wombala we-pistachio ngezinhlamvu ezingapheli zethunzi elikhanyayo ngendlela ye-streaks.
Isayensi iyaziwa ctenant stubby, noma cytosis ctenant (Ctenanthe setosa) ne-bristle cuttings. 
Akukona kuphela i-calatheas, kodwa futhi i-arrowroot, i-stromant, ifana kakhulu ne-ctenant, lezi zindlu zibonakala zihle kakhulu eduze komunye efasiteleni.
Izimo
I-Ktenanta ivela emazweni ashisayo, ikakhulukazi ukunakekelwa nokulima kuhlinzekela ukudala isimo sezulu esishisayo nesomnandi. Ukunakekela i-ctenant ekhaya kuhlanganisa ukulawula ukushisa, umswakama emoyeni nomhlabathi, izinga lokukhanyisa.
Uhlobo olude kakhulu lwe-ktenanta lubhekwa njengelungu le-ktenanta le-Oppenheim.
Ukushisa
Ukukhula okuvamile nokubukeka okuhle, i-ktenant idinga umoya oshisayo, ngesikhathi sasehlobo - hhayi ngaphansi kwe-+20 ° C (kancane kancane ebusuku), ebusika - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-12 ° C. Ukwehluleka ukulandela le mithetho kungaholela ezifweni zesistimu yezimpande zezitshalo.
Ungashiyi indlovukazi ngefasitela evulekile, njengoba izingqikithi zingabhubhisa imbali. Ukungena kwezinga lokushisa kwezinga lokushisa nakho akumukeleki ekukhuleni kwesitshalo enempilo. Ukuze kunciphise amathuba okufa kwakhe, kuyadingeka ukunikeza izinga lokushisa eliphakeme.
Akufanele uhambise indlovukazi endaweni ngezindawo, ingabangela ubuhle bayo.
Umswakama womoya
Ekamelweni lapho i-ctenant ikhula khona, umswakama kufanele ugcinwe ezingeni eliphansi kunezingu-55%, futhi okungcono - 70%.
Kubalulekile! Phakathi nesikhathi sokushisa okuphakathi, izinga lokuswakama lingase lihlehlele ku-25%, elizobhubhisa isitshalo. Isibonakaliso sokuqala somswakama okwanele siphutha amaqabunga embali.Amaqabunga kufanele aphethwe nge-sprayer ekhethekile ukuze alondoloze umswakama. Ukufakwa kwe-humidifier ekhethekile ekamelweni kungaba nomphumela omuhle.
Ukukhanyisa
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-ctenant ikhula emthunzini wezihlahla ezishisayo, igubhe ilanga eliqondile. Ngakho-ke, ukudlula kwelanga elikhanyayo kungabangela ukushisa kwamaqabunga.
Uma amafasitela egumbini lapho i-ctenant imele khona, ubheke eningizimu, kuhle ukubeka imbali hhayi efelini lefasitela, kodwa etaweni noma etafuleni eduze kwefasitela, ukuze imilayezo ehlakazekile ilanga ikhanyise lesi sitshalo kancane, ngoba ukungabi nokukhanya kuyoholela ekulahlekelweni kweqabunga elikhanyayo nokukhula okubi. Kodwa okungcono kunazo zonke lezi zinhlobo zemifino uzizwa emagumbini amafasitela abhekene nazo kwezinye izinkomba. 
I-Ktenanta ibekezelela ukukhanya okufakelwayo, okubalulekile ebusika.
Kubalulekile! I-darker amaqabunga ayenjalo, ukubekezela kunomthunzi.
Umhlaba
I-Ktenanta idinga inhlabathi ekhethekile, hhayi i-acidified, ngaphandle ketshezi. Kulezi zimo ze-floriculture yasekhaya, ukunakekelwa kwe-ktenant kuhlanganisa ukuthengwa kwe-substrate ekhethekile ye-maranth. Njengomunye esikhundleni, ungasebenzisa inhlabathi ye-azaleas.
Ungenza futhi ingxube ekhethekile ngokwakho ngokuxuba izingxenye ezimbili zomhlabathi omila, ingxenye eyodwa ye-peat, ingxenye engu-1 yesihlabathi futhi ungeze amalahle amancane. Isimo esibalulekile ukuqinisekisa hhayi nje kuphela okunomsoco, kodwa futhi nomhlabathi ovulekile okwazi ukugcina umswakama, ngakho-ke kufanele nakanjani uhlole lokhu kukwakheka, ukhonjiwe ebhasini lakho. Uma umhlaba ukhululekile, ungalala ebhodweni. 
Ukuzala
Isakazwa yi-quander lapho kuguqulwa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla noma ama-cuttings.
Uhlukanisa isihlahla
Okuyinhloko yale ndlela ukuzama ngokucophelela, ukuzama ukulimaza ama-rhizomes, ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwentwasahlobo, bahlukanise imbali yabantu abadala abafinyelele eminyakeni yobudala ibe yizingxenye eziningana futhi batshale ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Ama-flowerpots anezingxenye zalesi sitshalo kufanele aphuze futhi agubungele isikhwama se-polyethylene, ngaphandle kokubopha, kuze kube yilapho iqoteni iqala ukunikeza amaqabunga amasha (emva kwenyanga).
Cuttings
Isithombo se-ctenant yiqabunga elinomlenze onamathele kuso. Ukusabalalisa nge-cuttings nakho kungenziwa ekwindla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, usike i-petiole egalelwe ingilazi yamanzi amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kwezimpande. Ukwengeza, ungakwazi ukumboza ingilazi ngesikhwama seplastiki. Lapho izimpande zivela, isiqu sishintshwa ebhodweni.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-cuttings kukuvumela ukuba uthole izitshalo eziningi ze-varietal ngesikhathi esifushane, lapho ufunde imithetho yokusika kwe-Calamondin, rose, iTerry petunias, i-currants, i-spruce blue, i-streptocarpus, i-plumeria, i-Brugmancia, i-Dieffenbachia, i-laurel, i-clematis, i-chrysanthemums, i-thuja, i-gramatis, i-plums-ungahlobisa ingadi futhi indlu igcwele izitshalo ezinhle futhi eziwusizo.
Ukunakekela
Kudingekile ukuba unakekele imbali enjalo njenge-ctenant ngokunisela, ukufaka umanyolo nokufakelwa kabusha.
Ukunisela
Umswakama wezindawo ezishisayo udala isidingo esiphakeme samanzi ezinkantini, kodwa ungavumeli ukudala ama-puddles epanini, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande zingase zibole. Ukuze uvimbele lesi simo singakwazi ukufaka amagrafu, i-moss noma indwangu ebomvu, etholakala emgodini ophethe imbali.
Ukunisela kwenziwa ngaphansi kwamaqabunga, ukuvimbela ukubunjwa kwamanzi amakhulu emanzini, ngenxa yokuthi ingashintsha umbala.
Amanzi okuchelela nokupomfa kufanele ahlelwe ngaphambili futhi atshiswe ekamelweni lokushisa. Ungasebenzisa futhi amanzi emvula.
Isikhathi esanele sokuphuza lesi sitshalo yizinsuku ezingu-2-3, kepha ukuma kwenhlabathi ebhodweni kumele kulawulwe.
Umanyolo
Ukunakekela inhlabathi kuhlinzekela ukuthi kudingeke ukuba ukhululeke futhi ukhule. Izitshalo kufanele zisetshenziswe okungenani isikhathi esingu-1 enyangeni yenyanga, besebenzisa ama-fertilizer akhethekile ahloselwe ihlamvu elihlobisa. Ebusika, lesi sikhashana singanyuka. 
Ungadluli isitshalo, awukwazi ukuvumela okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-calcium ne-nitrogen ku-substrate, kungaholela ekufeni kwakhe.
Ukufakelwa
Kunconywa ukutshala kabusha i-qutenta njalo entwasahlobo, ikakhulukazi uma isikhulile kakhulu. Akufanele ukhethe ibhodlela elikhulu lokutshala isitshalo esiphakathi, kungabangela ukuma kokukhula kwayo.
I-flowerpot ingcono ukuthatha ubumba obungabhalwa ngokubhaka ngezinyosi ezansi ukuze ususe umswakama owedlulele.
Ungakhohlwa ukunikeza amanzi embizeni yokukhipha amanzi angaphezulu. Ngalesi sizathu, amantongomane noma ama-eggshell, amatshe amancane abushelelezi, amatshe, amagxolo, izinsimbi zamapulasitiki, njll afakwa phansi ebhodweni.
Kubalulekile! Ngemuva kokutshala isitshalo inyanga eyodwa, kumele ugweme ukutshala umhlabathi.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Uma kwenzeka ukunakekelwa okungalungile, i-ktenant ingase ivezwe ezifweni noma ibe yisisulu sezinambuzane. 
Izifo ezilandelayo zivamile:
- I-Root rot - isifo esibangelwa ukuchelela ngokweqile. Izimpande zesitshalo zimnyama futhi ziqala ukubola. Le nkinga ingaqedwa ngokusika izimpande ezigulayo ngokuphalaza i-Bordeaux liquid, sulfur colloidal, cuproxate. Ngezinye izikhathi isisombululo se-potassium permanganate noma i-sulfate yethusi siyasiza.
- Amazolo kaMealy - amaqabunga aphethwe yizimpuphu nefulawa. Ukwelashwa kuqukethe ukupompa nge-benomyl, i-teofanate-methyl, okungajwayelekile nge-sapphi ne-soda.
- Isifungumnyama esimnyama (esimnyama) - ngenkathi isitshalo sibonakala sigcwele indwangu. Kungenzeka ukunciphisa i-fungus enjalo ngokuhlanza izindawo ezithintekile ngesepha futhi ukuphatha ngezinambuzane zokugaya izinambuzane.
- Ukuvuthwa - lesi sifo sibonakala ngokutholakala kwezibungu ezinemibala ebomvu nge-rash emaceleni. Kulesi sifo kungasiza ama-fungicides noma i-Bordeaux ingxube.
- Indawo ye-Leaf - izindawo ezimanzi nemingcele ecacile evela ekukhanyeni kwelanga noma ngokupompela ngokweqile.
Izinambuzane ezinobungozi ezilimaza i-ktenante yizi:- I-spider mite - ama-cobwebs ashiya nama-stalks. Ukuguqula ishidi, uzobona ichashazi elimnyama. Utshwala, oludinga ukusula izindawo ezithelelekile, luzosiza ukulibhubhisa.
- I-Scutellum - izinambuzane ezihamba phambili zombala obomvu obuhlaza, okumelwe zisuswe ngokuphatha nge-turpentine, lube noma i-diesel. Isitshalo kufanele sihlanzwe.
- I-whitefly iyi-butterfly encane kakhulu edla isitshalo. Ungawaqeda nge-fumigator, tape yokunamathisela, u-anyanisi noma amanzi ka-garlic.
- I-Mealybug - inambuzane enama-oval egalelwe i-patina emhlophe. Ungayilahla ngokusula ngesisombululo sesephu noma utshwala, noma usebenzisa amakhemikhali akhethekile.
- Ama-aphid yizinambuzane ezincane eziza ngemibala ehlukahlukene, zihlala ngemuva kwamacembe. Ungabalwa nabo njenge-mealybird.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka
Ungase ubhekane nezinkinga ezinjalo uma ukhula ctenant:
- Amaqabunga aphelile futhi aphanye. Mhlawumbe umoya ekamelweni uyomile kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukuba uphese imbali.
- Amabala emaqabunga. Isizathu sibhekene nokukhanya kwelanga noma amanzi. Susa imbali kusuka efasiteleni noma umboze ingilazi ngekhethini. Uma uthele amanzi phezu kwequtennant, gwema amanzi emaqabunga.
- Ukubola kweLeaf - kwenzeka ngenxa yezingqikithi. Ungabeki isitshalo efasiteleni.
- Ukukhula kwembali ye-curve ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya. Zama ukuhambisa indlovukazi kwenye, igumbi elikhanyayo.
