Sonke sijwayele ukudla ama-lemons, kodwa, ngaphandle kwalokho esikubona emashalofini esitolo, kunezinhlobo zasendle. Esihlokweni sethu sizokutshela ukuthi yini i-poncirus, futhi yiziphi izici ezingasetshenziswa.
Incazelo ye-botanical
I-Poncirus iyisihlahla esincane esinqumayo esinamatshe amaningi. Ukuphakama kwalo akudluli kwamamitha angu-5. Lesi sitshalo sinomqhele osabalalisa, owenziwe ngetende. On the trunks ungabona amagxolo amahle aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amahlumela amancane anemibala eluhlaza, ukuma kwe-oblate ehlukene kanye nokutholakala kwemithi. 
Indawo yameva ingamahlamvu, ubude bayo buba ngu-5 cm. Amahlamvu anebude buka-10-12 cm, i-trifoliate. Amaqabunga amhlophe atholakala kuma-petioles, anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Kubalulekile! Ngenxa yesakhiwo sesikhumba, ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izithelo ngezinjongo zokugaya, kudingekile ukuba ugeze ngokugcwele ukuze i-villi ingabandakanywa ekudleni.
Lesi sitshalo sinezimbali ezimhlophe, ububanzi bayo buyi-5 cm. Binephunga elinamandla lemon, ziqhakaza ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga avele. Isithelo sinomumo ohlangene, isithelo esivuthiwe - ophuzi okhanyayo, phezulu kukhona ikhasi elimnandi elinomsoco, ngaphakathi - i-pulp enomunyu kodwa enamafutha, engahlanganiswa nenani elikhulu lembewu.
Ingqimba ephezulu yesithelo inegama layo - flavedo. Iqukethe izigcawu eziningi ezifihla amafutha abalulekile. Ingqimba yangaphakathi ibizwa ngokuthi albedo, unesakhiwo sesiponsi. Lesi sitshalo siqala ukuqhuma futhi sithele izithelo kuphela eminyakeni 4-5.
Ukwenziwa kwamakhemikhali
Izithelo ze-poncirus ziqukethe amafutha abalulekile ombala ophuzi okhanyayo, uqukethe ushukela. 
Futhi kuhlanganisa:
- i-galacturonic acid;
- amavithamini A, B, C;
- i-limonene, i-cadinene;
- i-coumarins;
- i-flavonoids;
- i-pectin.
Kuyathakazelisa ukufunda ngokutshala izitshalo ze-citrus ekhaya - lemon, calamondine, i-citron, isihlahla sama-orange nesi-mandarin, kanye nezifo zayo nezinambuzane.
Imbewu iqukethe amafutha amaningi amafutha, ikhasi licebile amavithamini P kanye noC. Futhi, amafutha abalulekile akhona emahlathini kanye namacembe esitshalo.
Spread
Ngokuvamile, lesi sitshalo singatholakala eMedithera, eMelika Ephakathi, eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Indawo engokwemvelo yiCentral neNyakatho China, amaHumalaya. Ukutshala izimboni kwenziwa emazweni afana neJapane, e-Australia, e-Argentina nase-United States.
Sebenzisa: izakhiwo zokwelapha
Cabanga ngomthelela onosi womhlaba ongase ube nawo emzimbeni womuntu.
- Ukungakhulelwe. Ukudla izithelo kusiza ukwandisa ukuvikelwa komzimba, ukugcwalisa nge-ascorbic kanye ne-folic acid. Ngenxa yalokho, izingozi zezifo ze-catarrhal zinciphisa kakhulu.
- Amazinyo. Ngenxa yama-acids namafutha afakwe kulamula, umoya uzoba omusha, i-microflora emlonyeni izobuyiselwa, okuvimbela ukubukeka kwe-caries. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ijusi lemonisi lisiza koqweqwe lwawo lwamazinyo aluhlophe.
- Isikhumba. I-lemon yasendle ivumela isikhashana isikhathi sokuqeda induna, ukuqeda ukwephulwa kobuqotho besikhumba, ukususa ama-acne, izindawo zonyaka. Ijusi le-juice livuselela, livuselela futhi liduduza isikhumba.
- Isisu. Ukudla izithelo kuzokusiza ukuqeda ukushaya kwenhliziyo, okuvame ukuvela uma kwenzeka ukwanda izinga le-acidity esiswini. Ukudla kuzolinywa ngokushesha, futhi yonke "udoti" izosulwa.
- Igazi. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-poncirus kusiza ukuhlanza igazi le-toxin, kuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi emithanjeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithelo zandisa i-hemoglobin.
- Inhliziyo. Isithelo sinokuqukethwe khalori oluphansi futhi sigcwele i-fiber, esiza ukuhlanza amathumbu avela ebubilini, futhi lokhu kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kokukhuluphala, okwenzeka ezimweni eziningi kuholela ekukhuleni kwezifo zenhliziyo.
- Amathumbu. Njengoba ukubunjwa kuqukethe i-fiber yokudla kanye nomthamo wamanzi amaningi, ukukhululwa kwezinto eziyingozi kuyasheshisa, okukuvumela ukuba uhlangabezane ngokushesha nokuqunywa noma isifo sohudo.
- Ukulala. I-Poncirus icebile kumavithamini e-B, okudingekayo ukulala okugcwele kahle. Futhi ukulala kunomthelela esimweni esihle, ukusebenza okuhle nokuqina.
- Ukucindezela. Ukusetshenziswa kwesithelo njalo emithini esilinganisweni kusiza ukugcizelela ingcindezi, ukulahla ukuhlasela kwe-migraine kanye nesizungu.
- Intsha. Ukwakhiwa kwe-poncirus kusiza ukuqeda i-cholesterol emzimbeni futhi kuphuthumise ukuvuselelwa kweseli. Ngenxa yalokho, izinqubo zokuguga ziyancipha futhi imibimbi iyahlanjululwa.
- Amathoni. I-lemon yasendle iqukethe inani elikhulu le-calcium, ngakho amalunga akho namathambo azohlala enempilo njalo.
Isicelo
Cabanga ukuthi i-pontsirus isetshenziswa kanjani ezindaweni ezahlukene.
Kuzokwelapha
I-Poncirus emithini esemthethweni ayitholanga ukusetshenziswa, kepha eMpumalanga kaningi isetshenziselwa ukulwa nezifo ezehlukene. Ukwenza lokhu, sebenzisa iziqu zalo, izimpande, imbewu kanye namagxolo.
Uyazi? Ukuze ukhiqize i-1 kg yamafutha abalulekile, udinga ukucubungula i-peel nge-3000 ulamula.
Imithi yendabuko isebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo ezimisiwe ezomile. Basiza ekuqedeni ukuhlukumezeka, babe ne-antiemetic kanye ne-antispastic action. Uma usebenzisa i-infusions kanye ne-decoctions, ukuvuthwa kwanda futhi i-lactation ivuselelwe.
Izithelo zelamula elimnandi zinomusa ongajabulisayo, ngakho-ke aziqedi. Noma kunjalo, zivame ukucubungulwa futhi zilungiselelwe iziphuzo ze-vitamin tonic.
Ekuphekeni
Njengoba izithelo ezintsha zingenakudliwa, ziyasetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-marmalade. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithelo ezomile ziyisithako sokudla inyama, ungabangezela ku-jam noma i-liqueur.
Ekudalweni kokuphila nokuma komhlaba
Ikhasi lemon le-wild liqukethe inani elikhulu lamafutha abalulekile, ngakho-ke isithelo singasetshenziswa njengempepho yemvelo. Isibonelo, faka i-zest eyomile esikhwameni sesigqoko bese uyishiya ekhabhinini noma esifubeni sabadwebi. 
Ngokuvamile lesi sihlahla sisetshenziselwa ukwakha izingoma zezwe, zingatholakala emigwaqweni engxenyeni esempumalanga ye-United States, nakwezinye izindawo zaseChina naseJapane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yobukhona bamameva, izihlahla zisetshenziselwa ukuhlwanyela ukuzivikela, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukuzithola zingenalutho.
Ama-oranges abomile kanye nama-ulamula - ngokuvamile asetshenziswe njengemihlobiso.
Njenge-stock
Kukholelwa ukuthi iPoncirus iyisabelo esihle. Lokhu kuyiqiniso, kodwa udinga ukucabangela amanye amaphuzu. Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali asendle njengesitokisini kulungile uma kwenziwa esikoleni. Uma uzama ukufaka kuwo ama-lemons ajwayelekile, futhi uwakhule ezimweni zangaphakathi, akunakwenzeka ukuthi okuthile kuzovela.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ebusika isitshalo sizolahlekelwa amahlamvu njalo. I-Poncirus ifaneleka njengesitokisi kuphela zezitshalo ezingakwazi ukubekezelela ubusika ezimweni ezipholile.
Ukukhula nokutshala ekhaya
Cabanga ngendlela yokutshala kahle lemon yasendle ekhaya.
Ukuhlwanyela nokukhiqiza
Ngokuvamise ukuvame ukutshala imbewu yemithi. Lokhu kwenziwa kanje:
- Okokuqala udinga ukugoqa imbewu emanzini, wengeze ukukhula okukhulayo kulowo mkhiqizo;
- shiya amahora angu-5-6;
- nciphisa inhlabathi ehloselwe ukutshala;
- hlwayela imbewu enhlabathini ekhululekile, elula, ejulise ngo-0.5-1 cm;
- ukumboza izitshalo ngefilimu, faka isitsha ekukhanyeni egumbini elinokushisa kwama-23 ... +28 ° C;
- emva kwezinsuku ezingu-7-10 hlola ukuthi amahlumela avele.
Kumele uqaphele ukuthi ukukhethwa akukwenziwanga izinyanga ezi-3, ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela kubalulekile ukulungisa iziqukathi ezifanele.Kubalulekile! Ukutshala kabusha isitshalo akuvunyelwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ngesikhathi sezimbali nezimbali. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sale nqubo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ngezinye izikhathi ukukhiqiza kwenziwa ngokusika. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukhethe ukusika, ukuphakama okumele okungenani kube ngu-10 cm, kungcono ukwenza lokhu entwasahlobo noma ehlobo. Uma usebenzisa le ndlela ayikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ama-hormone okukhula. Ukwenza lokhu, ama-cuttings ahlanganiswe ne-plastic cap, ukulungiswa kwanezelwa emhlabathini futhi ukuphuma kuyenzeka emva kwamasonto ayisithupha kuya kwangu-8.
Umhlabathi nomanyolo
Isihlahla singakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nanoma imuphi umhlabathi, kodwa kungcono ukutshala lesi sitshalo endaweni enokungcolile futhi enomsoco. Inqubo yokukhulula umbuthano wesondo akudingekile. Uma umhlaba uzoba yi-peat, amaqabunga ama-humus, i-perlite noma i-vermiculite-lokhu kuzothuthukisa amanzi. Kudingeka ukondla izitshalo ezivuthiwe kuphela entwasahlobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa umquba ophilayo.
Ukunisela nokuswakama
Uma kukhona umoya owomile ekamelweni, kubalulekile ukuyihambisa noma ukubeka isihlahla phezu kwenaliti enezinduku ezinamanzi. Kumele uqinisekise ukuthi amanzi ahlangene nebhola eliphansi. Futhi lapho kukhona umoya owomile ekamelweni kunconywa ukuba uchithe amahlamvu ngamanzi afudumele. Kungcono ukubeka i-poncirus egumbini eliphuza kahle umoya, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ama-drafts kufanele akhishwe ngokuphelele. 
Inhlabathi kufanele ibe nemvula ngokulinganayo, kodwa akufanele ivunyelwe ukuba ifakwe. Nisela uma ungqimba oluphezulu lumile ngo-3.5 cm. Ekwindla, ukuchelela kufanele kunciphise.
Ukudubula
Kunconywa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuba ihlume amahlumela abonakalisiwe futhi abomile. Lesi sitshalo sibekezelelwe kahle njengesihlahla sokusika umqhele, nenqubo yokuhlanzeka. Ukwenza ukuphakama okulungile nokuhle komqhele, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ingxenye yayo yesithathu.
Ukumelana nobusika nokuqhwa kwamaqhwa
Izitshalo ezikhulayo ekhaya, abantu bavame ukuzibeka efasiteleni. Lapho kufika ubusika, umbuzo uvela ukuthi izinga lokushisa eliseduze nefasitela likhululekile ekunakekeleni, ngoba liphansi kunalena yonke indlu. Akufanele ukhathazeke ngakho, ngoba i-Poncirus ibekezelela ukushisa okuphansi, ngeke iqhwa futhi ngeke iqale ukulimaza.
Ngezinye izikhathi ekwindla, abanikazi bezitshalo bayiphonsa egumbini elithambile, ngoba lesi sitshalo sibekezelela ukupholisa kahle futhi ekushiseni kuka-8 ... + 12 ° C kuzozizwa kahle.
Izimfanelo ze-orange, ilamula ne-mandarin zihlangene esithelweni esisodwa, esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-kumquat, sithole ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobonhlobo zalesi sitshalo, yini ewusizo kumquat omisiwe, kanye nendlela yokukhula ekhaya.
Uma lemon yasendle ikhule emgwaqweni, akufanele ukhathazeke ngakho ngokufika ebusika. Lesi sitshalo sinokumelana nokuqina kwama-frost futhi sikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa phansi -15 ... -20 ° C. Uma umuthi utshalwa ngobusika obunzima, kufanelekile ukuwumboza nge-spruce noma izinto ezingelusiwe ebusika.
Ukulungiselela izinto zokusetshenziswa
Ukusetshenziswa kwezitshalo ngezinhloso zokwelapha, ukulungiswa kwazo zonke izingxenye zayo. Izitshalo, amaqabunga nezithelo kufanele ziqoqwe ngesikhathi sezimbali, kodwa imbewu - lapho zivuthisa ngangokunokwenzeka. Izitshalo namaqabunga zivunwa ngesandla, emva kwalokho kufanele zibekwe eceleni kwekhadibhodi noma indwangu futhi zome ngaphandle. 
Izithelo kufanele zihlanjwe, zisike, zisuse imbewu futhi zome elangeni. Ngemuva kokuthi izithelo zomile, kumele zithathelwe esitsheni seglasi bese zigcinwa unyaka owodwa.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Njengabo bonke abameleli bama-citrus, iPonzirus incike ekuhlaselweni kwegciwane le-exocortis. Ziyabonakala ekulimazeni emagqabeni ezitshalo, i-chlorosis yamaqabunga, ukuhlanganiswa okwandiswa kwamahlumela, okuholela kancane ekufeni kwawo.
Ungavumeli inhlabathi ukuthi iphele, njengoba lokhu kungabangela ukuguqulwa kwamahlamvu. Ukuphulwa kwemithetho yokunisela nakho kuholela ekuphuzizeni kwamahlamvu.
Uma uqaphela ukuthi amaqabunga aphukile, lokhu kubonisa ukuntuleka komanyolo. Ukuntuleka kwezimbali kubonisa usayizi omncane kakhulu ebhodweni noma ukungabi khona kwelanga.
Uyazi? E-Spain, i-lemon ibhekwa njengophawu lothando olungenakuqhathaniswa. Uma intombazane engathandi isoka layo, ingamnika ilamula, ngaleyo ndlela ikhomba ukuthi imizwa yakhe ayihambisani.
Lapho kukhona umoya owomile, lesi sitshalo sivame ukuhlaselwa yizingxabano nezibungu. Uphawu oluphawulekayo lokuhlasela kwesihlangu; ama-brown patches emahlamvu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amaqabunga azoguquka futhi aphule, futhi izimbali nezithelo ziyobuna. Ukuze ususe le nkathazo, kudingekile ukuba ukhethe ukwelashwa ngezilungiselelo ezikhethekile zokubulala izinambuzane.
Uma amahlamvu evila, futhi isicabucabu saqala ukuvela kuma-internodes, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi isilwane sesicabucabu sasihlala esihlahleni. Uma ukulimala kuyinto encane, kwanele ukugeza izinkuni ngamanzi asozini. Uma isimo siyinkimbinkimbi, kufanelekile ukuphala isitshalo ngezinambuzane. 
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo ezincane zivame ukuhlasela ama-mealybugs, ama-whiteflies angakwazi ukuhlala ngaphansi kwemahlamvu. Ngeshwa, izitshalo ze-citrus zivame ukuhlaselwa yi-fungal, okuholela ekubeni i-rhizome, stem, amahlumela, amaqabunga nezithelo.
I-Poncirus eneqabunga lamithathu - isendle, kodwa isitshalo ewusizo kakhulu. Nokho, ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa ngezinhloso zokwelapha, kufanele nakanjani uthintane nodokotela wakho. Ungakhula isihlahla ngaphandle kokubunzima okukhulu ekhaya.
