Emvelweni, u-garlic wasendle eNyakatho Nenkabazwe utholakala yonke indawo. Ungayitshala emaplangeni akho. Lesi sitshalo sinokuzithoba okukhulu kakhulu, ukunakekela kulula kakhulu. Imifino ingasikwa kakhulu kunamanye amakhambi, ingumthombo wamavithamini namaminerali, obaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwentwasahlobo ngemuva kokuntuleka kwamavithamini wasebusika. Isiko lisetshenziswa kabanzi ekuphekeni nasekwelapheni kwendabuko. Amaqabunga kagalikhi asendle abanzi futhi acwebile, afana kakhulu namaqabunga omnduze wesigodi. Futhi ukunambitha, kufana nesiphambano phakathi kwe-anyanisi nesweli.
Ukusakazwa kwe-leek yasendle ngembewu
Ama-leeks asendle awathandeki kakhulu kubafuyi, yize izinhlobo eziningi zisatholakala ezitolo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokugawulwa kwamahlathi, lesi sitshalo ezifundeni eziningi sisohlwini lweNcwadi ebomvu, ngoba indawo yaso yemvelo ithinteka ngokungenakuphikiswa. Amagama ezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha awafani nokuvela kwangempela nokusungulwa kwendlela - Teddy Bear, Bear Ear, Bear Delicacy, Bear Paw. Ugalikhi wasendle uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "u-anyanisi webhere", kanti ama-glade akhula kuwo abizwa ngokuthi "ama-meedows." Lesi sidlaliso singenxa yokuthi lapho amabhere ephuma ngokungaziphathi kahle, ugalikhi wasendle cishe uwukuphela kwemifino ehlathini. Ngakho-ke, izilwane ngenjabulo zijabulela amahlumela amancane.
Ukukhethwa kwembewu yegalikhi yasendle ezitolo ezikhethekile ngeke kubizwe kakhulu
Ividiyo: unjani ugarliki wasendle
Ungaziqoqa imbewu ngokwakho. Umkhuba ukhombisa ukuthi zonke izitshalo eziyishumi engadini ziyaqhakaza minyaka yonke. I-inflorescence ekwakhekeni kwebhola cishe elijwayelekile iqukethe izimbali ezimhlophe ezincane. Imbewu ezimnyama eziyindilinga ivuthwa eminyakeni eyishumi yesibili noma yesithathu kaJuni ngezithelo “zebhokisi” ezintathu. Banqunywa lapho beqala ukuphenduka ophuzi. Ngemuva kwalokho igobolondo lizoqina futhi liwuvule ngaphandle kokulimaza impahla yokutshala isizini ezayo, kuzoba nzima kakhulu. Imbewu ithululelwa “ebhokisini”, yomile futhi igcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile, emnyama enomoya omuhle wokufaka umoya esikhwameni sephepha noma esikhwameni selineni kuze kube sekutshaleni. "Ukuvunwa" yimbewu engu-100-120 ngesitshalo ngasinye.
Ngokuqoqa imbewu yegalikhi yasendle uwedwa, ungaqiniseka ngokusha kwayo
Lapho uthenga, qiniseka ukuthi unaka usuku lokuphelelwa isikhathi. Kufanele ziqoqwe ehlobo eledlule, hhayi ekuqaleni. Ukuhluma okudala akusafani. Ungabahlukanisa ngokubukeka kwabo - abamnyama futhi bayindilinga, kepha bampunga futhi banciphile.
Entwasahlobo, amahlumela amancane egalikhi asendle avela cishe ngaphansi kweqhwa.
Isiza esikhethiwe sokutshala imbewu sitshalelwa ngaphambi kokufika ku-40-50 cm (izimpande zezitshalo zinamandla impela). Ngasikhathi sinye ukhula nezinye izinto zemfucuza ziyasuswa. I-lime egayiwe, ufulawa we-dolomite noma amagobolondo amaqanda aqothulwe esimweni se-powder (200-300 g ngemitha emugqa) kufakwa emhlabathini one-acid. Ungasebenzisa futhi umlotha wezinkuni - awugcini ngokubhekelela okuhle kuphela, kepha futhi ugcwala inhlabathi nge-potassium ne-phosphorus. Cishe amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokutshala, umbhede uyathukululwa, usebenzisa umanyolo we-organic ukukhulisa ukuzala kwenhlabathi. I-humus efanelekayo, umquba owakhiwe Kepha umquba omusha kanye nokulahlwa kwendle akufiseleki. Ithuluzi elinamandla kangaka "lingashisa" izimpande zezithombo ezivelayo.
Humus - ithuluzi elisebenzayo lokukhulisa ukuzala kwenhlabathi
Abalimi abaningi basebenza ngokutshala kwekwindla imbewu yasendle kagalikhi, bekwenza lokhu eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala kaSeptemba. Usuku olunokwenzeka kungenzeka maphakathi no-Okthoba. Isikhathi esikhethiwe sikhethwe ngokuya ngezimo zesimo sezulu esifundeni. Izinga lokushisa elilungele kubo licishe libe ngu-20 ° C. Uma, kungakapheli nenyanga ngemuva kokutshala, ingaphezu kuka-25- 26 ° or noma ngaphansi kuka-10 °,, umlimi osezingeni elifanele ulinde ihlumela elilodwa.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu idinga ukuhlangana okulinganayo okulinganisa ubusika. Zixutshwe nesihlabathi noma i-peat, zithambisa umsuka ongaphansi bese uthumela ithangi izinsuku ezingama-80-100 esiqandisini noma kwenye indawo enezinga lokushisa elihlala lingu-0-3 ° C. Enye indlela ukugoqa imbewu ngendwangu emanzi noma ngethawula lephepha, ukuyifaka embizeni yengilazi bese uyiqaqa ngesivalo. I-substrate iyanyiswa njengoba kunesidingo. Imvamisa kanye ngesonto yanele. Ngezikhathi ezithile, zidinga ukuthi zizanyazanyiswe, zinikeze ukufinyelela komoya omusha.
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwembewu kulingisa "ubusika" babo ku-vivo
Ividiyo: ukuhlukaniswa kwembewu
Ukuze wandise ukuhluma, imbewu ifakwe amahora ama-12-14 kwisisombululo sanoma iyiphi i-biostimulant. Umphumela ofanayo unikezwa yizo zombili izidakamizwa ezithengiwe (i-Epin, i-Zircon, i-Emistim-M, i-Kornevin) kanye namakhambi esintu (ijusi le-aloe, i-succinic acid, uju oluhlanjululwe ngamanzi).
U-Epin, njengamanye ama-biostimulants, asiza ukukhulisa ukuhluma kwembewu, futhi ukwelashwa nakho kunomthelela omuhle ekungavikelekeni kwezitshalo
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa kuma-grooves ngokujula kwama-4-5 cm. Isikhala somugqa singama-20 cm. Kuhlwanyelwa ngokulinganayo ngangokunokwenzeka, kufafazwe nge-humus ngaphezulu, kuhlanganiswe nesihlabathi esihle. Kuyinto engathandeki ukusebenzisa i-peat crumb, ifaka inhlabathi ngamandla. Lapho-ke umbhede uqiniswa ngentambo yepulasitiki.
Amahlumela okuqala azovela entwasahlobo, ndawo thile ngo-Ephreli, kodwa hhayi ngonyaka olandelayo, kodwa kwesinye isizini. Lokho wukuthi, inqubo yonke ithatha unyaka nesigamu. Njengoba umkhuba ukhombisa, ingaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yembewu iqhuma. Ngokushesha emva kwalokhu, indawo yokukhosela kuzodingeka isuswe. Lapho kukhiwa iqabunga elilodwa langempela, izitshalo ziyatshalwa, kushiye phakathi kwazo ingu-15-20 cm. Yenza lokhu ngokucophelela, ubasuse enhlabathini kanye nenhlama yomhlaba. Uhlelo lwezimpande zezithombo ezincane luyantekenteke kakhulu. Bangcwatshwa enhlabathini ngobukhulu obungama-5 cm. Ngesikhathi sezinkathi zokuqala ezimbili zokuba semhlabathini ovulekile, kungakuhle ukuthi ungaphazamisi, usike amaqabunga. Kungcono ukubanikeza ithuba lokuthi bakhe uhlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe. Ukuma komhlaba kuyabhekelwa, kukhula ingadi njalo, kukhululwe umhlabathi ngokucophelela futhi uyinkcenkceshele.
Izithombo ze-bulb zasendle kufanele zilinde isikhathi eside
Ngokushoda kwezinto zokutshala, imbewu itshalwa emiphongolweni encane ye-peat egcwele inhlabathi yendawo yezithombo noma ingxube ye-humus ene-turf evundile. Lezi ziqukathi zingcwatshwa emhlabathini.
Enye indlela yokutshala imbewu yegalikhi yasendle isebenzisa lokho okuthiwa i-nursery. Ibhokisi elingashoni lembiwa emhlabathini endaweni ebamba ukushisa noma ngaphandle. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngokuya ngephethini engu-0.5 * 0.5 cm. Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, lapho izithombo zikhula futhi ziqina, ziyatshalwa, zidluliselwe endaweni ehlala njalo. Lokhu kugwema ukukhwabanisa engadini.
Ukufika kwentwasahlobo nakho kungenzeka. Inqubo ihlelwe kangcono ngo-Ephreli. Kulokhu, umbhede wengadi udonswa noma yiziphi izinto zokumboza ezimhlophe ezidlula umoya (agril, lutrasil, spanbond). Amahlumela avela ngoMeyi-Juni wonyaka olandelayo.
Igalikhi yasendle isakazwa ngempumelelo ngokuzihlwanyelwa, ngakho-ke, ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, ukutshala embhedeni wensimu kunobukhulu obukhulu, izitshalo azisenayo indawo eyanele yokudla. Ukugwema lokhu, kanye emva kweminyaka emihlanu amaqembu amakhulu anyanisi ahlukaniswa futhi atshalwe, adlulisela ezindaweni ezintsha. Ngendlela efanayo, lesi sitshalo "singashanela" phezu kwesayithi, siphenduke ukhula olujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi umbhede uzungezwe ngamashidi abembiwe azungeze umngcele.
Ividiyo: Ukhula ugarliki wasendle kusuka imbewu
Ukutshala isibani
Ugalikhi wasendle awukhethi, kepha ukuze isitshalo sizizwe singcono futhi silethe isivuno esihle, kungakuhle ukuthi siphinde sibuyele esimweni semvelo sendawo yaso yokuhlala, uma kungenzeka. Emvelweni, ugarliki wasendle ukhula emahlathini, ngasogwini lwezimbaza, imifudlana, iziphethu. Isitshalo siphansi (20-50 cm), ngakho-ke sicashunwe yizihlahla nezihlahla. Ngokufanelekile, kungcono ukuyitshala endaweni engadini emjondolo wesakhiwo, isakhiwo, uthango, ngaphansi kwesihlahla sezithelo nokunye. Isiko alithandi ilanga elikhanyayo - amaqabunga aba mancane, alahlekelwe ubukhazikhazi bawo, omile ngaphandle, ukunambitheka kuya ngokuya kukhulunywe. Kumuntu osebenza engadini, lesi sici sesitshalo siyinzuzo - ungonga isikhala esakhiweni sengadi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbhede wengadi, osendaweni evulekile, kuzodingeka ukhula futhi unisele kaningi kakhulu.
Kumapheya asendle engadini, ungabela indawo, ngenxa yomthunzi, engalungele ezinye izitshalo eziningi
Izinga lomhlabathi wegalikhi wasendle alisho izidingo ezikhethekile. Isinda ngempumelelo kuyo yonke inhlabathi enobumba “olukhanyayo” nesihlabathi. Ukuphela kwento isitshalo esingayibekezeleli ngokwezigaba yi-substrate ene-acidic. Inketho enhle kakhulu kuye inhlabathi evulekile, evumela ukuthi umoya namanzi kudlule kahle. Emvelweni, ugarliki wasendle ukhula cishe endaweni yokubhukuda, kepha ekudingisweni ayikuthandi ukubhala amanzi. Kuyingozi ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo - izinhlamvu zicishe zibole ngokungenakuvinjwa. Ngakho-ke, akutuswa ukutshala i-leek yasendle ezindaweni eziphansi. Amanzi ancibilikile yiwo amade kunawo wonke lapho. Uma kungekho okunye ongakwenza, kufanele unakekele ukukhipha ngokufaka itshe elichotshoziwe, ubumba olwandisiwe, kanye namatshe amatshe emhlabathini. Noma kufanele ugcwalise ama-crests ukuphakama okungaba yingxenye yemitha.
Abalimi baphendukela kaningi ekusakazweni kukagalikhi wasendle ngamabhuleki. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi uthole ngokushesha isivuno esitshalweni esisha. Kepha akanazo izingqinamba ezithile - kukhiqizwa i-ovary eyodwa entsha kusuka kudutshulwa ngamunye. Isikhathi esifanele senqubo ngu-Agasti-Septhemba, lapho isikhathi semifino sesivele sesiphelile futhi isitshalo "sishubile." Ingxenye engenhla yalesi sikhathi yoma futhi iyafa, ngakho-ke, amasampula enzelwe ukuhlukaniswa kufanele amakwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke ubathole engadini. Umgcini wegadi uzothola isivuno sokuqala esebenzisa le ndlela yokusabalalisa ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila kwesitshalo esisha.
Ama bulbs amasha e-leek akhiwa minyaka yonke
Ngokushoda kwezinto zokutshala, ama bulbs ambalwa angatshalwa endaweni evulekile yelanga, hhayi emthunzini, njengenjwayelo. Izitshalo ezinjalo zikhula ngokushesha futhi "zihlukanise" ngenkuthalo ngokwengeziwe, kepha zidinga ukunakekelwa okuthe xaxa, ikakhulukazi maqondana nokunisela nokususa ukhula.
Amabhule atshalwe ngokuya ngephethini efanayo nezithombo, ashiya ama-15-20 cm phakathi kwezitshalo.Ambelwa emhlabathini ngobukhulu obungu-5 cm, omncane kakhulu ngo-2-3 cm. "Izimpaphe" ezomile kufanele zibonakale ebusweni. Amapulangwe eniselwa ngokulinganayo, inhlabathi ihlanganiswe ngotshani abasanda kusikwa, amaqabunga, amahlamvu, izinkuni, ukudala ungqimba ongu-cm cm 5. Akuvumelekile ukusebenzisa sawdust entsha yalokhu, ikakhulukazi i-coniferous. Isendlalelo masisha ngokushesha. Ukuthi inqubo iphumelele yini ingahlulelwa ngokuwa okulandelayo ngemuva kokufakelwa. Uma konke kuhambe kahle, kufanele kufakwe ibhalbhu entsha. Ingxenye yesitshalo yesitshalo ayikhulisi phakathi nehlobo; igxile ezimpandeni.
Amabhu kagalikhi asendle atshalwa ngobunono kakhulu ukuze angalimazi izimpande zezitshalo
Ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa ukuthi ama-ramson bulbs ahamba kancane ngaphansi komhlaba. Emikhulu kunayo yonke futhi indala kakhulu ingama-20-25 cm. Zimbumbe ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi izimpande zezitshalo ezingomakhelwane. Lapho ikhishwa emhlabathini, "izingane" ngokunokwenzeka azingafakwanga ngesandla, zisika kuphela lapho zingasebenzi khona. Ama-bulb angenazimpande noma onezimpande ezomile awwenzi mqondo ukutshala. Ngeke zithole izimpande.
Amalambu kagalikhi asendle akhishwe emhlabathini kumele empeleni abe nezimpande, ngaphandle kwalokho akunangqondo ukuzithelisa
Umbhede ulungiswa kusengaphambili, ugaya inhlabathi ujule. Ngaphezu kwe-humus (3-5 l / m²), i-nitrogen (15- 20 g / m²), i-potash (i-10-15 g / m²) ne-phosphorus (25-30 g / m²) nayo ingezwa. Kufanelekile, ngokwesibonelo, i-urea, i-superphosphate elula ne-potrateum nitrate. Kukhona okuphakelayo okuyinkimbinkimbi nokuqukethwe kwalezi zinto ezi-macro - i-Azofoska, iNitrofoska, iDiammofoska.
I-Azofoska - Umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi oqukethe i-nitrogen, phosphorus ne-potassium
Akufanelekile ukukhulisa njalo i-leek yasendle endaweni efanayo. Izitshalo ziqala ukulimala futhi ziyafiphala. Kunconywa ukudlulisa isiko esivandeni esisha njalo ngeminyaka engama-7-8. Isiginali ekhanyayo yokuthi isikhathi sesivele sinoxhaxha olunwebekile, amaqabunga aqothulayo nezinhlamvu.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Lesi sitshalo sinokuzithoba okukhulu, sidinga ukunakekelwa okuncane kuphela. Ukugxila okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekuniseleni ugarliki wasendle. Inhlabathi embhedeni kufanele ihlale inomswakama olinganiselayo, ikakhulukazi ngenyanga yokuqala ngemuva kokufakelwa endaweni engapheli. Kepha awukwazi ukugcwalisa lesi sitshalo - izinhlamvu zizobola futhi zizokufa.
Inketho enhle kakhulu kagalikhi wasendle imvamisa, kepha ukuthambisa ngokulinganisela. Inhlabathi ephakathi kwabo kufanele yome 4-5 cm ukujula. Lokhu kulula ukukunquma ngokumba umgodi omncane embhedeni futhi uzama ukufinya umhlaba ube yinhlama. Uma ikhukeka emunweni wakho, yisikhathi sokunisela. Lapho isimo sezulu sishubile, kwanele njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-4-6, ekushiseni nasesikhathini sesomiso isikhathi eside, izikhathi eziphakathi kokunisela ziyaqedwa.
Ukuchelela okufanele kuyingxenye eyinhloko yokunakekelwa okufanele kukagalikhi wasendle
Ukuvula inhlabathi kahle ngemuva kokunisela ngakunye. Uma kungasebenzi, okungenani izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngenyanga. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukufakelwa kwenhlabathi, izimpande zinikezwa ukufinyeleleka komoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba. Emhlabathini onjalo, amanzi awanyatheli.
Ngemuva kokufa kwengxenye engenhla, ungakhohlwa ukuthambisa. Kuze kube sentwasahlobo elandelayo, lesi sitshalo sizoba nemvula eyanele yemvelo.
Ukuhlanganisa umbhede kagalikhi wasendle kusiza umlimi wonge isikhathi ekhula futhi anciphise inani lokunisela
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile ukhula. I-mulching izosiza ukonga kakhulu isikhathi kuyo (kanye nokugcina umswakama enhlabathini ngokwandisa izikhala phakathi kokuphuza). Ubukhulu bengqimba ebukhulu bungamasentimitha ama-3-4. Njengoba kudingekile, kuzodingeka ukuthi ivuselelwe. Ezilimaza kakhulu ezilimaza kakhulu iklabishi wegalikhi zasendle kanye nokuhlwanyela ukhula. Lokhu nokhula kunezimpande ezinamandla ezingabhoboza kahle ama-bulbs, zonakalise isitshalo.
Ama-rhizomes wama Wheelgrass angalimaza kakhulu ama-wild bulbs, ngakho-ke, ukushesha imibhede kumele
Isikhathi sokumila kugalikhi wasendle simfushane impela, ngakho-ke kusuka kumanyolo kungcono ukunikeza ukukhetha ezintweni eziphilayo zemvelo noma izindlela ezithengiwe ezisuselwa ku-vermicompost. Bondliwa ngama-infusions nezisombululo zezitshalo njalo emavikini ama-3-4. Imvamisa yokusebenzisa isitolo somanyolo kanye nokuqoqwa kwesisombululo kunqunywa ngemiyalo enikezwe emiyalweni yomenzi.
Njalo emva kweminyaka emibili, entwasahlobo, ukuze kwandiswe ukuzala kwenhlabathi ngesikhathi sokuqala kokukhulula, i-humus noma umquba obunjiwe (2-3 l / m²) uvaleleke enhlabathini. Ungenza futhi umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen (urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate) ngefomu elomile noma ngendlela yesisombululo (8-10 g nge-1 m² noma i-10 lamanzi). Ukwenza ngokweqile ngemvunulo enjalo akukufanele. I-nitrogen ethe xaxa emhlabathini inomphumela omubi ekungavikelekeni kwezitshalo, ishiya mnyama, iba ama-coarser nama-nitrate ayingozi empilweni aqongelela kuzo. Ekupheleni kwenkathi yezitshalo, umlotha wezinkuni ohlutshiwe (ingilazi nge-1 m²) uhlakazeka minyaka yonke engadini. Ungumthombo wemvelo we-potassium ne-phosphorus. Njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-4, ufulawa we-dolomite noma enye into enezakhiwo ezifanayo kufakwa enhlabathini ene-asidi.
I-Dolomite ufulawa - i-deoxidizer yenhlabathi engenayo imiphumela emibi ngenkathi ibheka umthamo onconyiwe
Ukondla u -galikhi wasendle, ukumiliselwa komquba omusha wezinkomo, imidwebo yenyoni, imifino ye-nettle, namaqabunga e-dandelion ayalungiswa. Ngokuyinhloko, ungasebenzisa noma yiluphi olunye ukhula olukhula esizeni. Isitsha esijulile sigcwaliswa ngezinto ezingavuthiwe cishe ingxenye yesithathu, engezwe ngamanzi, kuvalwe ngokuqinile. Ngemuva kwalokho ishiyelwa elangeni izinsuku ezingama-3-4 kuze kube kuvela iphunga lesimilo. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, umanyolo osuqediwe uyahlungwa bese ufafazwa ngamanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 10 noma 1: 15 uma udoti ubusetshenziswa njengezinto ezingavuthiwe.
Ukumiliselwa kweNettle - Umanyolo wemvelo ngokuphelele nowamahhala ngokuphelele
Igalikhi legalikhi yasendle, njengomthetho, ngaphandle kwendawo yokukhosela eyengeziwe, ngisho nasezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile. Kepha uma ubusika kulindeleke ukuthi bube nobunzima obukhulu futhi ngasikhathi sinye neqhwa elincane, kungakuhle ukuthi udlale ngokuphephile ngokugcwalisa umbhede ngesendlalelo semboleko sezimbali (amaqabunga avuthayo, izinaliti, utshani) 8-10 cm ubukhulu nangokuqinisa izingqimba eziningana ze-burlap noma enye into yokumboza evumela ukuthi umoya udlule. Ngokushesha lapho kwehla iqhwa ngokwanele, bayiphonsa phezulu, bakha isithwathwa seqhwa. Ihlala kancane kancane, ngakho-ke phakathi nobusika kuzodingeka ukuvuselela isakhiwo kaningana.
Ividiyo: amathiphu wokukhula wegalikhi
Ugalikhi wasendle ekhaya
Usayizi kagalikhi wasendle awufani, ngakho-ke ungatshalwa ekhaya, uzihlinzeka ngamakhambi amasha anempilo unyaka wonke. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kungama-20-50 cm kuphela, amaqabunga mancane, ama-3-5 cm ububanzi, aziningi zazo ekuphumeni. Isikhathi esihle somhlaba sokuqala kwentwasahlobo. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi imifino ekuthunjweni inothambile futhi incane kunasengadini.
Ngokuphakama kwezitshalo okungaphakeme kakhulu, uhlelo lwezimpande kugalikhi asendle lunamandla amakhulu, ama bulbs asemhlabathini ngokujula okungaba ngu-20 cm. Ngakho-ke, imbiza yakhe ayakhethiwe hhayi ububanzi kakhulu, kepha ijulile, ngesimo esifana nebhakede. Kuqokwa iziqukathi ze-Ceramic ngaphandle kwe-glaze. Izinto ezinjalo zivumela umoya ukuba udabule kangcono, uvikele umswakama ukuthi ungashoni ezimpandeni.
Imbiza ye-ramson kumele ijule ngokwanele
Ngokwesitshalo, inhlabathi yomhlaba wonke yezimbali zasendlini kufanelekile, kodwa kungcono ukuxuba inhlabathi ngokwakho. I-humus, umhlaba one-sod enamaqabunga kanye nesihlabathi esimanzi emifudlana kufanele uthathwe ngesilinganiso 2: 2: 1. Awukwazi ukuthatha i-turf ngaphansi kwezihlahla ze-coniferous. Emvelweni, ugarliki wasendle ngaphansi kwawo awukhuli. Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kokubola, kuwo wonke ama-3 L we-substrate eqediwe, beka isipuni se-chalk noma i-carbon ocushiwe ecijuselwe ku-powder.
Izinga lomhlabathi wegalikhi wasendle aliqhamuki, lokhu kuyasebenza kulezo zibalo ezitshalwe ekhaya
Kokubili imbiza nenhlabathi kumele kuhlanzwe ngaphambi kokutshala. Geza isitsha kahle bese uhlanza ngamanzi abilayo, ugobe umhlabathi, uwunuke, uwuthose kuhhavini noma uwuthulule ngesixazululo esimnyama se-potanganum permanganate.
Ungatshala ekhaya kanye imbewu, kanye ama of leek zasendle. Ukulungiselela kokufika ngaphambi kokufika kuyadingeka. Inqubo ayihlukile kunalokho kuchazwe ngaphezulu ngenhla evulekile. Kepha ekhaya, izithombo zivela ngokushesha okukhulu, cishe inyanga.
Ngemuva kokutshala, imbewu nezinhlamvu kufafazwa ngengqimba yesihlabathi esihle esixutshwe nama-peat chip (ukushuba kongqimba - cm cm). Inhlabathi esebhodweni inwebeka ngokulingana ngokufafaza kwibhodlela lokufafaza. Isitsha siqiniswe ngesongelo sepulasitiki noma simbozwe ngengilazi. "I-Greenhouse" ivulekile nsuku zonke ukuze kungene umoya imizuzu engu-8-10, kuvimbele ukunqwabelana ekuqongeleleni. Isendlalelo sithukululwa ngobumnene, sithambile njengoba soma. Ngokushesha lapho kuvela amahlumela, imbiza idluliselwa endaweni lapho izonikezwa khona umthunzi olinganiselwe wokukhanya nokuvikelwa elangeni eliqondile.
Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ekukhuleni ugalikhi wasendle ekhaya
Ehlobo, kuyasiza ukwenza i-garlic yasendle kuvulandi, i-veranda evulekile, ithala. Lesi sitshalo singena kahle emoyeni omusha. Ukunakekelwa kwakhe kubandakanya ukunisela okujwayelekile nokugqoka okuphezulu. Noma yiziphi izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi zamahlamvu wokuhlobisa azokwenza. Ungawashintshanisa ngama-organics wemvelo nezinto ezigqokwa ngaphezulu ezisuselwa ku-vermicompost.
Isilimo sokuqala ekhaya sitholakala ngemuva kweminyaka emibili uma imbewu yegalikhi yasendle itshalwa. Kwamabhuleki - ngesizini ezayo. Ukushiseka ngokweqile akukufanele ukusikwa, isitshalo kungenzeka singalulama ekulahlekelweni okubukhali kwesisindo esiningi esiluhlaza. Kunconywa ukuqala amakhophi amaningana ngasikhathi sinye futhi "uwasika" ngawodwa.
Izifo zezitshalo nezinambuzane
Iphunga elithile likagalikhi wasendle kanye nokugcotshwa okuphezulu kwamafutha abalulekile emaqabungeni kusabisa izinambuzane eziningi ezidla ngojusi bezitshalo. Mhlawumbe okuwukuphela kwembala ukundiza kwezimayini. Ukungaziphathi kahle kwesiko nakho kuhle. Kaningi, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokubola ziyavela, ekuthuthukisweni kwayo lapho lowo osebenza engadini evame ukusola, kaningi futhi / noma ngokunisela isitshalo kakhulu. Enye isifo okungenzeka ukuthi siyisikhunta ukugqwala kwamaqabunga. Ngokuvamile idluliselwa kusuka ezitshalweni eziseduze.
Ingozi enkulu yegalikhi yasendle akuyona imigodi yabantu abadala, kodwa izibungu zayo. Zingena ezicutshini zamaqabunga bese zidla “imhubhe” yazo, cishe ngaphandle kokuya phezulu. Ngaphandle, kubukeka njenge bulge ye-semicircular enobubanzi obungu-1 mm kanye nobude obungu-1.5-2 cm. Izimpawu ezibonakala ziwumbala wezicubu ezithambile kancane kancane futhi zife, zinamaqabunga aqothulayo, aqothulayo. Le nqubo iyaqhubeka, njengomthetho, hhayi ngokushesha.
Ngasizathu simbe, impukane indiza igqoke ophuzi kakhulu; lesi sici sisetshenziswa ekwenzeni izithiyo ezenziwe ekhaya.
Ungalwa nabantu abadala ngokulengisa i-tepi enamathele yokubamba izimpukane noma izicupho zasekhaya eceleni kombhede - usike amabhodlela epulasitiki agcwele ushukela, amanzi ahlanjululwe ngoju noma ujamu, noma izingcezu zekhadibhodi, iplywood, linoleum, kufakwe uju olufanayo, i-petroleum jelly, ne-glue yomisa ende. . Izibungu zesaba kude, zifafaza inhlabathi embhedeni ngenhlanganisela yomlotha wezinkuni, izinkukhu zikagwayi kanye nopelepele obomvu womhlabathi.
Izibungu zempukane ezindizayo zidla izicubu zamahlamvu zivela ngaphakathi
Uma kutholakala ukulimala kwesimilo, kusetshenziswa ama-insecticides - i-Aktaru, Confidor-Maxi, Mospilan, Apache. Imvamisa yokwelashwa kanye nokuhlushwa kwekhambi kunqunywa yimiyalo. Kuyadingeka ukufafaza zombili izitshalo ngokwazo ne-substrate.
Ukugqwala kubangelwa ukhunta okuthi i-pathogen yayo ithwalwa ngumoya noma idluliselwe ngamaconsi amanzi. Kwisitshalo esithintekile, inkambo ejwayelekile yenqubo ye-photosynthesis kanye ne-metabolism iyaphazamiseka, ihlushwa ukuntuleka komswakama, amaqabunga aqala ukuwa. Kulesi simo, amabala obomvu acindezelekile esimo esiyindilinga avela ohlangothini olungaphambili, uhlangothi olungalungile luqiniswa ungqimba oluqhubekayo lwe-saffron tinge "enoboya". Kancane kancane ishintsha umbala ube nsundu onsundu futhi uqweqwe.
I-leaf rust yisifo esiyingozi esiphazamisa izinqubo ze-photosynthesis kanye ne-metabolism, ezibalulekile kulesi sitshalo.
Ukuvimbela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, inhlabathi embhedeni ifafazwa ngesisombululo se-5% se-urea, kuthi lapho kuphela isikhathi sokukhula iphathwe nge-2% yethusi sulfate. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, njalo emavikini ama-2-3, i-leek yasendle ifafazwa ngegwebu le-potash eluhlaza noma insipho yokuwasha, isixazululo se-pink epanini se-potanganum permanganate, sifakwe emanzini nge-ash ash noma nge-colloidal sulfure (15-20 g nge-10 l). Izindlela zokwenziwa ezisebenzayo - buhlanjululwe i-kefir noma i-whey ngokufakwa kwe-iodine (yehla ilitha). Ungafaka amanzi ngengxenye efanayo ye-ammonia noma yeviniga.
Ukulwa nalesi sifo ngama-fungicides. Kuyelulekwa ukukhetha izidakamizwa zemvelo yemvelo (i-Ridomil-Gold, i-Alirin-B, iTiovit-Jet, i-Bayleton). Amandla amakhulu yi-Abiga Peak, iTopazi, i-KhOM, i-Kuprozan. Kukhona futhi imali esebenza ngempumelelo yayo ihlolwe isizukulwane esingaphezu kwesisodwa sabalimi - iBordeaux ketshezi, i-sulfate yethusi.
I-Bordeaux ewuketshezi isikhunta esivamile, ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwayo okuye kwahlolwa izizukulwane ezingaphezu kwesisodwa sabalimi, kungenziwa ngokuzimela
Ukubola okumpunga ngobuningi bamacala kubangelwa ukufaka amanzi kwenhlabathi. Kuvele “uthuli” olimpunga emaqabungeni, bese kuvela amabala ansundu noma agqamile “angamanzi. Kancane kancane, ziba mpunga futhi ziqine ngokuhlangana okungapheli kombala wokufakelwa kombala othi “fluffy” onamaqabunga amancane amnyama. Izicubu ezithintekile zithambisa futhi zife.
Imvamisa, umlimi uqobo, oshisekela kakhulu ukuthambisa, unecala lakhe ngokuthuthukiswa kokubola okungwevu kogalikhi wasendle
Kwama-prophylaxis, izitshalo zimbozwa ngoshishi ochotshoziwe noma ngomlotha wezinkuni ohlanzekile, inhlabathi embhedeni ifafazwa ngesibabule se-colloidal. Amanzi wokunisela ngezikhathi ezithile athathelwa indawo ngesixazululo se-pink potassium permanganate solution.
Uma lesi sifo singasibonwa ngesikhathi, lesi sitshalo singimba kuphela bese sishisa ukuqeda umthombo wokusuleleka. Ngesikhathi sokuqala, zonke izindawo zezicubu ezithintekile zikhishwa ngebanga noma nge-scalpel. Kuyadingeka ukuthwebula ama-2-3 mm wokubukeka okunempilo. Ngokunokwenzeka, inqwaba yefungus isivele isakazekele lapho, izimpawu zangaphandle kuphela ezingakabonakali. Amanxeba ayagezwa nge-2% vitriol futhi afafazwe nge-activated carbon powder noma isinamoni. Ekukhululeni okulandelayo, amagilebhisi eTrichodermin, iGliocladin angeniswa enhlabathini. Esikhundleni samanzi, inyanga nenyanga ugarliki wasendle uniselwa ngesisombululo esikhanyayo se-pink se-potanganum permanganate noma i-Fitosporin-M.
Isixazululo se-potassium permanganate - ithuluzi eliphumelelayo lokungasebenzi kwemvelo komhlaba
Ukubola kwezimpande kuyingozi nangokwesiko. Ikhula isikhathi eside, ngaphandle kokuzibonakalisa engxenyeni esemoyeni yesitshalo. Ngemuva kwalokho izisekelo zeziqu zithambile, shintsha umbala ube nsundu-nsundu, ube mnyama lapho uthinta. Inhlabathi idonswa ungqimba lwesikhunta, iphunga elimnandi elingelapheki liyasakazeka. Impi yokulwa nalesi sifo kulesi sigaba ayisekho. Isitshalo siyakhishwa futhi sishiswe, inhlabathi ekule ndawo iyabulawa amagciwane, ichitheka ngesisombululo esingu-5% se-sulfate yethusi. Izindlela zokuvimbela ziyafana nalezo ezisetshenziselwa ukuvikela ngokumelene nokubola okungwevu.
Cishe akunakwenzeka ukuphawula ukuthuthukiswa kokubola kwezimpande ekuqaleni kwesigaba.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Ukuvuna sekumi ngomumo ukuvuna cishe ngokushesha nje lapho iqhwa lihlibilika. Ukugcotshwa okuphezulu kakhulu kwamavithamini, amaminerali, uwoyela obalulekile, ama-phytoncides nezinye izinto ezinempilo emaqabungeni egalikhi asendle kuyabonakala ngo-Ephreli. Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lapho imifino yangaphambili isikwa, isikhathi esithe xaxa lesi sitshalo sidinga ukululama. Amabhuleki, kunalokho, abiwa ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, lapho efinyelela usayizi wawo omkhulu. Ingadliwa nemicibisholo. Zithobekile ngokwengeziwe futhi zibushelelezi kunamaqabunga. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, okwenzeka ngoMeyi, isivuno siyamiswa - imifino ibumbene ngokusobala.
Isivuno sikagalikhi wasendle sihle kakhulu, kepha udinga ukuqoqa amaqabunga ukuze kungabi ngezindleko zezitshalo
I-rosette yasendle yemvelo, njengomthetho, iqukethe amaqabunga amathathu kuya kwesihlanu. Ungasika (mane usike, ungadabuli bese usontekile) eziphezulu ezimbili noma ezintathu. Iqabunga eliphansi impela lihlala kulesi simila ukuze libuyiswe ngokushesha ngonyaka olandelayo. Kule sizini ngeke kube khona imifino emisha. Izinhlobo zabantu abadala ezingaphezulu kweminyaka emihlanu zingancishiswa ngokuphelele. Isivuno sikagalikhi wasendle asilungile - kusuka ku-1 m² bathola cishe 1.5 kg wesisindo esiluhlaza. Ezitshalweni ezindala, lesi sibalo sifinyelela ku-3 kg.
Lapho ukha amanzi, izinzuzo zikagalikhi wasendle cishe azihlupheki
Ukuze ube njalo nesitshalo, kungakuhle ukutshala ugarliki wasendle okungenani ezindaweni ezintathu ezahlukene ngokuphumula konyaka owodwa kuya kwemibili. Isikhathi ngasinye, amaqabunga azonqunywa embhedeni owodwa kuphela, amabili asele azokwazi ukululama.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, amaqabunga kagalikhi asendle awasasikwa - ngalesi sikhathi awanamathenda futhi awusizo
Ugalikhi omusha uwusizo kakhulu. Amahlamvu kanye nezinhlamvu kufakwa kumasaladi. Ungalungisa futhi isithando esimnandi sezitsha zenyama nezinhlanzi kuzo, ezixutshwe ukhilimu omuncu kanye nopelepele. Emazweni aseCaucasian, ama-bulbs adliwa nje nge-bacon futhi afafazwe ngosawoti. At lokushisa egumbini, amaqabunga ilele, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okusha, izinsuku 4-5, esiqandisini - isonto noma isigamu.
Isaladi ngegalikhi yasendle - nje isitolo samavithamini namaminerali
Lesi sitshalo siwusizo kakhulu kubantu, kepha ugarliki wasendle awukhuthazelwa imfuyo ekhuluphayo. Ubisi luguqula umbala lube bomvana-ophuzi, inyama ithola i-aftertaste emnandi.
Ukuze ugcine ugarliki wasendle isikhathi eside, amaqabunga kanye nezinhlamvu kuyathukulwa, kusawoti, kukhethwe. Okungenani kwezinto zonke eziwusizo kuyalahleka ngesikhathi sokulanda. Ungazihambisa. Kepha ukomisa ugarliki wasendle akufanelekile. Ngemuva kwale nqubo, icishe ilahlekelwe ngokuphelele ukunambitheka kwayo, iphunga kanye nezinzuzo.
Abadli nje kuphela amaqabunga nezinhlamvu, kodwa nemicibisholo yasendle yegalikhi yasendle
Ividiyo: izinzuzo zezempilo zika-ramson
Igalikhi yasendle ayithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwalimi abalimi baseRussia. Kepha lokhu akufanele ngokuphelele. Entwasahlobo, cishe ukuphela kwekhambi elisha, umthombo ongabalwa wamavithamini namaminerali. Lesi sitshalo sinokuzithoba okukhulu, ngisho nomlimi angalima leek yasendlebeni lakhe ngisho nangaphandle kokuhlangenwe nakho.
