Izinhlobonhlobo ze-strawberry "Ikhadineli" zithandwa izakhamuzi zasehlobo. Kungabonakala kalula ngokubukeka kwayo, okungafani nokuhlukanisa le berry ezihlotsheni zayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uletha amajikijolo amakhulu kakhulu. Lokhu okuhlukahlukene kuyimbangela yomsebenzi wabalimi baseMelika. Indlela yokuyikhulisa ekhanda lakho lasehlobo, funda isihloko sethu.
Incazelo kanye nezici
Ake sijwayelane nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-strawberries engadini (lelo yilo igama elifanele le-strawberries) "iKhadidi" eliseduze. Liye lishaya kufika ku-45 cm ukuphakama, kukhona amaqabunga ambalwa kubo. Ipuleti eliphakeme lamaqabunga limibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuphansi kunesicu se-bluish. Esimweni, zifana nesikebhe.
Emahlathini amafomu ama-long antennae, anekhono lokuqothula kabi. Lezo zisekelo ezivele zithele izithelo ngeke zisakwazi ukukhula futhi zithele izithelo. Ukutshala kumele kusetshenziswe kuphela izisekelo ezifakiwe noma ezincane kakhulu.
Ukuhluma "iKhadidi" kuza kuqala - engxenyeni yokuqala kaJuni, usuvele unambitha amajikijolo amnandi, amakhulu. Izithelo zokugcina zingatholakala ngo-Okthoba. Ngokwesilinganiso, isisindo ngasinye sifike ku-70-80 g. 
Bombala obomvu obomvu ngokukhanya. Isakhiwo sinzima kakhulu. Ngomumo - oval. Yiphunga elimnandi. Inyama iyamanzi. Phakathi kwe-sitrobheli kunomgogodla ogcwele ngokuphelele.
Ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kunomnandi futhi kumuncu. Bakha emlonyeni lapho bekhala. Emkhakheni we-dessert, "iKhadikhadi" wathola amaphuzu angu 4.4-5 amaphuzu. Zifanele ukugcina isikhathi eside nokuhamba ngezindawo ezide. Kulesi sici, ibanga lithola amaphuzu angu-4.6-5 amaphuzu.
Zijwayeze ngokutshalwa kwezinhlobo zezitshalo ze-strawberry njengeTristan, Black Prince, Kama, Alba, Honey, Clery, Eliana, Maxim, Tsaritsa, Kimberly, "Marshal", "Nkosi", "usayizi waseRussia", "uZeng Zengana".
Ukukhiqizwa kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene kuphezulu - cishe kilogram ye-strawberries kuvunwa kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa ngomnyaka ngamunye. Ngesikhathi se-fruiting yokugcina, amajikijolo akhule kakhulu kunesikhathi sokuqala kwe-fruiting.
Izimila ziphikisana nezifo ezinjengokubonakala kwebala nokubola. Uma isikhulile singakhuli, ngokuvamile bahlushwa yi-powdery mildew. Ukumelana nokushisa kwabo kuhle - bangakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa afinyelele ku--16 degrees, nakuba iqhwa elingezansi -8 liyesaba kakhulu izimpande. Amajikijolo asetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa okusha, kanye nokugaya, ukugaxeka. 
Uyazi? I-strawberry enkulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni yakhuliswa ngumlimi waseJapan uKoji Nakao. Isisindo sawo sasingama-250 g, kanti ubukhulu be-circumference - 25 cm. U-Berry walinganiselwa ukuthi abahlanganisi beGuinness Book of Records, benza okungenayo emakhasini alo magazini.
Ukuzala
Kungenzeka ukusabalalisa ama-strawberries engadini ngezindlela eziningana. Okuthandwa kakhulu kuzo:
- izintambo;
- ukuhlukana kwesihlahla;
- indlela yokuthutha.
Ukuze ukhiqize, kufanele ukhethe izintambo ezimbili zokuhleleka kulelo shicilelo. Ukufika kwabo kuqhutshwa ngo-Ephreli. Ama-antenna atshalwe emafutheni ahlukene. Lezo zithavu ezingadingi ukukhiqizwa zihle kakhulu ukuze zingathathi izakhi ezidingekayo ezivela kumzali womzali.
Izintshe kumele zihlale ezimbizeni ize zibe nezimpande eziqinile. Njengomthetho, amaqabunga amane kuya kwesithupha azovela ezitshalweni ezincane. Izithombo zihlukaniswa nesihlahla somzali futhi zihlanganiswe ne-clod yomhlaba zitshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo. Masinyane emva kokutshala, kunamanzi amaningi. 
I-whiskey ingasuswa ngokushesha phakathi kwemigqa. Kusukela ehlathini ngalinye, kungathathwa ama-antenna amabili, kanti abanye basuswa. Ngemuva kwesikhathi, bazothatha ama-rosettes ngamaqabunga bese baqala ukugxila. Phakathi nenkathi yokuqothula, ama-ends we-whiskers kufanele asuswe, ashiye indawo yokuqala, eqinile.
Ekupheleni kwehlobo, ngesonto ngaphambi kokuhlelwa kwezitshalo ezincane, omunye kufanele ahlukanise imifula yasemfuleni evela emahlathini omama. Kudingeka ukuthi i-pritenit iphinde ithulule. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ungahlala endaweni enomphela.
Kubalulekile! Abalimi balesi sonyaka banconywa ukuthi basebenzise izihlahla ezikhethiwe ngokukhethekile zokuzalanisa ngamadevu, okungabandakanyeki ekuhlungeni. Zikhethwa ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokuhluma, zikhetha lokho okwaletha amajikijolo amakhulu kunazo zonke, ubunzima obunzima obubekezeleke futhi abukeka bephikisana nezifo.Indlela yokuhlukanisa isihlahla isetshenziselwa ama-strawberries aneminyaka emithathu kuya emine. Izinhlanzi ezihluthulelwe kahle zikhethiwe futhi entwasahlobo noma ekwindla zihlukaniswe ngommese obukhali. Isihlahla ngasinye esihlukanisiwe kufanele sibe namaqabunga amathathu kanye nophondo olulodwa oluhle. Kule fomu, amahlumela atshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo.
Indlela yembewu isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ngabalimi. Izakhamuzi zasehlobo, azihambisani, ngoba izakhiwo zokhuni lomama azihanjiswanga ngaso sonke isikhathi ezitshalweni ezincane. Ukufeza, udinga ukuqoqa amajikijolo avuthiwe. Khona-ke banqunywa ungqimba ongaphandle futhi bomile.
Imbewu ihlukaniswa kalula namajikijolo omisiwe. Ukuhluma kwazo kuqhubeka iminyaka emine. Ngokuba izithombo, imbewu itshalwe ngenyanga yokuqala entwasahlobo esitsheni ngenhlabathi, efakwe ekamelweni elifudumele, elihle kakhulu ngelanga. Hlanganisa njalo inhlabathi ngembewu ngokupomfaza.
Amahlumela okuqala aboniswa emhlabathini cishe ngenyanga. Ziyakhula kuze kufike amashidi amabili noma amathathu. Khona-ke izithombo zidonsa, ziqukethe impande bese zihlala ezimbizeni ezihlukene. Amahlumela adluliselwa endaweni enomphela ngoMeyi. Ngokuvamile ngalesi sikhathi kakade baneziqephu ezingaphezu kweziyisithupha. 
Imigomo nemithetho yokufika
Ukuze ama-strawberries akhiphe isivuno esivulekile, kubalulekile ukunamathela emithethweni embalwa lapho utshala futhi ukwanelisa izidingo zalo ngokuklanywa komhlaba, inani nenani lokuchelela.
Kungenzeka ube nesithakazelo sokwazi ukuthi udinge kangakanani ukuphuza ama-strawberries, kanye nendlela yokuhlela ukuchelela okuzenzekelayo.
Ukutshala ama-strawberries anomkhawulo "iKhadidi", cha. Noma kunjalo, kunconywa ukuyibeka emhlabathini phakathi kuka-Agasti 20 noSepthemba 15. Etshalwe ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sitshalo siyoba nesikhathi esanele sokuzivumelanisa nomhlabathi, uthathe izimpande ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibanda.
Umhlabathi wokukhulela "iKhadidi" kufanele ube nesihlabathi noma i-loamy, enezinto eziphezulu zezakhi kanye nokuphendula okubuthakathaka kwe-acid - 5-6 pH.
Kubalulekile! Ama-Strawberries ngeke akhule emhlabathini obumpofu wobumba. Enhlabathini enhlabathini, isivuno saso sizokwehla kakhulu, kanti izithelo zichotshoziwe. Kubalulekile ukubuyisela umhlaba isikhathi esisodwa noma ezimbili ngaphambi kokutshala.
Ukutshala lezi zihlukahlukene ngezindlela ezimbili:
- Umzila owodwa
- I-line-line.
Ngomkhawulo owodwa we-line phakathi kwamahlathi ngu-15-25 cm, phakathi kwemigqa - 60-80 cm. Ngokuhamba kwe-line amabili phakathi kwamabhande kushiya i-70 cm, ukuhlukaniswa kwemigqa kungama-30 cm. Phakathi kwamahlathi kufanele okungenani kube ngu-20-40 cm.
Uma izwe lakho libhekwa ngamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, kubalulekile ukutshala ama-strawberries engadini emagqumeni. Kuhlanganiswe imigqa emibili yehlathini, ibanga eliphakathi kwazo ligcinwa.
Ukutshala okufanelekile kwe-strawberries kanje:
- Khetha indawo ekhanyayo, evikelekile kusuka kubhrikhi. Abahlezi be-strawberries engadini bangaba anyanisi, iklabishi, beet.
- Izimbobo zokupheka zezithombo.
- Siwaphuza.
- Sithatha amasokisi asezimpande bese siwahlwanyela ukuze ihlumela le-apical lisezingeni eliphansi.
- Amanzi okufika.
- Gweba inhlabathi ezungeze izihlahla ngezindaba eziphilayo - utshani noma sawdust. Futhi kufanele ifilimu emnyama.
Indlela yokunakekela
Ngaphezu kokutshala okufanele, ukunakekela ama-strawberries kubaluleke kakhulu. Sinikeza wena ukuba ujwayele izincomo ekusetshenzisweni kwezinyathelo ezidingekayo kuye ngenkathi ekhulayo.
Ngo-Ephreli, udinga ukusika amaqabunga owomile kanye nama-peduncles, i-whiskers. Izikrini zisetshenziselwa le nqubo. Futhi phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukwelashwa kwe-prophylactic ngokumelene nezifo nezinambuzane ze-Bordeaux liquid, i-Horus noma ezinye izindlela ezinomphumela ofanayo kuyodingeka.
Emasontweni okuqala kaMeyi, kuzodingeka uhlume kabusha. Futhi, imisebenzi enkulu yokunakekela phakathi nalesi sikhathi izoba:
- i-weeding;
- inhlabathi ivusa;
- izihlahla eziphakemeyo;
- ukuhlanganiswa ngezinto eziphilayo.
Kusukela ekuvuneni kukaJuni kuqala. Ukunisela phakathi nalesi sikhathi kufanele kwenziwe ebusuku, emva kokuphela kokuvuna ama-strawberries avuthiwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukususa izinkukhu ezitsheni ze-uterine kanye ne-whiskers kuzo zonke izitshalo.
Sincoma ukuthi ufunde ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani ama-strawberries emva kokuvuna, kanye nokuthi ungayinciphisa kanjani amaqabunga namadevu ama-strawberries nokuthi uzowavuna nini.
Ngenyanga kaJulayi, ngaphambi kokucubungula kabusha futhi emva kwayo, kubalulekile ukufaka isicelo sokuphambana nezifo nezinambuzane. Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ama-fungicides "Kvadris", "Topsin M", "Cavit" kanye nezinambuzane "Aktellik", "Teldor", "Calypso". Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umanyolo we-nitrogen-kanye ne-phosphorus aqukethe.
Kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Agasti benza ukugqoka okuphezulu, kodwa manje okunye okunye okuyizinto eziphilayo kanye nezamaminerali. Khipha imvula kanye nezindawo zokuqothula. Uma kunesidingo, ukuqhuma ukuphikisa izifo nezinambuzane.
Ngokuqondene nokuchelela, isivuno esiphezulu sezinga eliphezulu singatholakala kuphela ngokugcoba njalo inhlabathi futhi sihlale sinomanzi. Amanzi okuchelela kufanele abe nemfudumalo-okungenani ama-degrees angu-20. Ezinsukwini ezishisayo kakhulu futhi ezinomile, ungajabulisa isitshalo ngokufafaza. 
Noma kunjalo, ingenziwa ikhiqizwe kuphela ngaphambi kokubonakala kwe-peduncles. Esikhathini esizayo, kuvunyelwe kuphela ukuchelela okuyisisekelo. Ukunisela kuyadingeka ekuseni noma kusihlwa ukugwema ukushisa kwelanga kwamaqabunga. Ukuze ugweme ukutshisa amahlathi amancane kubo ungenza izindawo zokukhosela izinto ezingenayo.
Uma unakekelwa kahle, ungajabulela amajikijolo anomnandi, anempepho namakhulu avela emahlathini iminyaka emithathu noma emine. Esikhathini esizayo, kuzodingeka ubuyekeze ukuthutha.
Uyazi? I-Strawberry yiyona berry kuphela, lapho imbewu ingabekwa khona phakathi, kodwa ngaphandle.
Ukulawula izifo
Sitshilo kakade ukuthi izinhlobonhlobo "iKalinari" idume ngokumelene nokugwinya okwegrey and spotting. Nokho, ezinye izifo zingathinta.
Ngokuvamile amahlumela aphethwe yi-anthracnose noma i-verdigris - isifo esibi kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi ungalahlekelwa yi-80% yesitshalo. Lesi sifo sesifubeni sithinta amahlamvu, iziqu, izimbali nezithelo. Kuboniswe ngezindawo ezibomvu, ezikhula kancane zibe izilonda, futhi zihlangene endaweni eyodwa. 
Kancane kancane, amaqabunga ngamaqabunga, imbali ngembali, izithelo ngezithelo, ukutheleleka kubulala isitshalo sonke. Izizathu zokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo zandisa umswakama, potassium kanye ne-phosphorus ukuntuleka, inhlabathi enamandla kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukungabi naphezu komhlabathi futhi ukukhiqiza umquba wokufika.
Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-anthracnose, udinga ukunakekelwa kokutshala izithombo ezinempilo - kumele kucutshungulwe, ugijimise i-fungicide isigamu sehora. Izipulisi zokuvimbela zenziwa kathathu kuya kwezine izikhathi zonyaka. Faka isicelo se-fungicides evunyelwe i-strawberry.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde ngendlela yokuzikhethela ngokuzimela ukuthi i-acidity yomhlabathi kusayithi, nokuthi ungayikhipha kanjani inhlabathi.
Umkhuhlane we-powdery futhi awusona isifo esibi kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile uvame ama-strawberries. Lesi sifo senyama sithinta zonke izitho zomhlaba zesitshalo. Zigcwele ama-cobwebs amhlophe anezinhlamvu ze-fungal.
I-fungus ivela ezindaweni zokuqina ezinokhula, lapho kukhona ukuqhuma kwomoya okuncane, emibhede enokhula yokhula. Izimo ezithandekayo zokuthuthukiswa kwazo ziphezulu umswakama (70%) nokushisa (+ 18 ... +23 degrees). Futhi, i-fungus ikhula ngokujulile endaweni lapho kune-nitrogen eyanele. 
Nge-powdery isikhutha, amaqabunga aphakama, aphenduke obomvu, bese esomile. Amajikijolo amaqanda, akhula futhi amile. Uma i-fungus ingena endlini yokushisa, khona-ke iningi lezitshalo lingalahleka, ngoba lesi sifo siphuthuma ngokushesha endaweni ehlanganisiwe.
Ukugwema isikhutha se-powdery, kubalulekile ukuthenga izithombo ezindaweni ezifakazelwe. Ama-strawberries kufanele atshalwe kancane - ngokuhambisana nezincomo.
Kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwezihlahla ukuze kuqedwe lesi sifo esiteji sokuqala, ukuphuza, ukuchelela njalo, ukupompela kwe-fungicidal yokuvimbela. Uma ukutheleleka kungenakugwema, sebenzisa i-Quadris spray noma i-Learnzol.
Kulezi zinambuzane, i-nematode ingozi enkulu kunawo wonke we-strawberries - isibungu esilimaza izingxenye zomzimba zesitshalo. Ukuze kuvikelwe ukubonakala emibhedeni yetrobrikhi yalezi zinambuzane, ama-marigolds atshalwe nxazonke, iphunga elivimbela le nkathazo. Ngokunqotshwa kwazo zonke izitshalo ezilimele zisuswe ngokushisa. 
Ngakho, i-strawberry "iKardinal" ibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala, ezinamathuba amaningi. Phakathi kwabo: amajikijolo amakhulu, ukulondolozwa kahle kwezithelo, isivuno esikhulu, ukumelana nokubola okungcolile nokubona, ukuhluma isikhathi eside, ukuqina okuhle kwebusika.
Izinkinga zalezi zinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-sitrobheli zimi kanje: ukunqoba kwe-powdery isikhutha, izinkinga zokukhiqiza ngenxa yenani elincane lezimboni ezingathela izithelo ngonyaka ozayo. Noma kunjalo, "iKhadidi" - ama-strawberries engadini, afanele ukuthatha umbhede wanoma yimuphi umhlali wehlobo. Kulula ukukhula, futhi kunikeza izithelo eziningi isikhathi eside.
