Ama-apula - enye yezinto ezijwayelekile nezithengekayo zezithelo emashalofini ezitolo zasekhaya nasemakethe. Zihluke kakhulu ekunambithekeni nasayizi, futhi izitsha ezenziwa kubo zifanelwe ne-cookbook ehlukile. Ngemuva kwalokho, izithelo ezihlwabusayo nezomuthi angeke zidliwe kuphela eziluhlaza, kodwa futhi zilungiselele zonke izinhlobo ze-jams, amapayi, ubhaka kuhhavini, owomile nokunye okuningi. Enye yezinto zokupheka zokuqala zokulungiselela lesi sithelo yizona ama-apula aqoshiwe - Isitsha esithakazelisayo, izici esicabanga ngazo kulesi sihloko.
Ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali ama-apula
Ukwakhiwa kwama-apula okwenziwe ngale ndlela kungahlukahluka kakhulu. Kuncike ezintweni eziningi, njenge:
- Ukuhlukahluka nokukala kokuvuna kwesithelo.
- Imibandela yokukhula nesitoreji.
- Isikhathi sokugcina.
- Indlela yokupheka
Kodwa bonke banezici eziphathekayo zalesi sidlo:- okuqukethwe okuphezulu ushukela (okokuqala, fructose);
- ama-acids ephilayo (malic, citric);
- izinto ze-tannic, izitrogen kanye nezama-pectic;
- Ahlukahlukene vithamini eziyinkimbinkimbi: A, C, E, PP, P kanye B amavithamini.
Naphezu kokubunjwa okunjalo okucebile, okuqukethwe kwabo kwekhalori kungama 47 kcal kuphela nge-100 g yomkhiqizo. Lokhu kuvumela ukuba benze ingxenye yezidlo ezihlukahlukene.
Uyazi? Ama-apula abhakawa athandwa kakhulu ngesikhathi sikaPeter the Great, owasungula i-Garden Office. Wayehlanganyela ekungeneni kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-apula kanye nokukhuphuka komthamo wokulima okukhona.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo
Kunezindlela eziningi zokucubungula izithelo nemifino yokugcina isikhathi eside, futhi ngamunye uthatha ezinye zezakhiwo eziwusizo zomkhiqizo ongeqile. Kodwa ama-apula aqoshiwe abhekwa njengenye yezindlela eziphumelele kakhulu zokuvuna lesi sithelo, ngoba kule nqubo bagcina inqwaba yezimfanelo ezinempilo yezithelo ezintsha futhi bathole izakhiwo ezintsha ezilinganayo:
- ukuvuselela i-microflora yamathumbu, ukugcwalisa umzimba ngamabhaktheriya e-lactic acid;
- ukucebisa umzimba nge-calcium, ukunciphisa ukuhlukumeza kwama-tissue e-inert;
- ngcono isimo sezinwele namazinyo;
- ukwandisa ukuqina kwesisindo;
- babe nomphumela omuhle emsebenzini wesimiso se-hormonal;
- Ukuba khona kwe-ascorbic acid (okungaphezu kwama-apula ayo agwetshiwe kunakuwo okusha) kuqinisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.
Kungashiwo ukuthi amalungiselelo anjalo asebusika anithinta izinhlelo eziningi zomzimba womuntu, enikeza umphumela oqinisayo jikelele nokugcwala umzimba ngamandla.Ubude besikhathi sokubamba
Inqubo yokungena izodinga ukubekezela, ngoba, ngokwesilinganiso, kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-40-50 ukuqedela (hhayi ukubala umsebenzi wokulungiselela). Kodwa ngemithetho yonke, ukuphathwa okunjalo kungagcinwa isikhathi eside, kuze kufike isivuno esisha.
Yiziphi ama-apula ongakhetha ukuthumba
Ezimakethe nakwezitolo kwakumelela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezithelo zalesi sithelo. Kodwa akuzona zonke ezifanele ukuhamba. Okufanele kakhulu kunezinhlobo zephuzile (ekwindla noma ekwindla-ebusika). Izithelo kufanele zivuthiwe futhi ziqinile. Amanye ama-gourmets akhetha ukuthatha kancane hhayi avuthwe, kodwa lokhu kuyindaba yokunambitheka. Ibanga elihle libhekwa Antonovka.
Kodwa futhi izinhlobo ezinjalo zizokwenza:
- "Pepin";
- "Anis";
- "Slav";
- I-Titovka;
- "I-Flask";
- ukugcwalisa okumhlophe;
- "Paping".
Kubalulekile! Ukuntuleka kwanoma yikuphi ukukhubazeka esiqhingini kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba i-apula eyodwa ephangiwe ingaphazamisa wonke amanye.
Kungcono ukhethe izithelo ezilingana nobukhulu obufanayo, ngakho-ke bazobe sebekulungele esikhathini esisodwa.
Inqubo yokulungiselela ama-apula namaqabunga
Isiteji sokulungiselela sibaluleke kakhulu, ngoba umphumela wokugcina ngokuqondile uxhomeke kulesi sigaba.
Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isithelo, kuhle ukuphumula izinsuku ezingu-15-20 (ikakhulukazi uma izinhlobo ziqinile, isibonelo, i-Antonovka noma iSlav). Umkhiqizo, olungiselelwe kusuka ezitshalweni ezivuthiwe, utholakala ngokulinganayo osikiwe e-brine, enamanzi, ethambile, unomusa oqabulayo oqabulayo nombala wegolide. Ngemuva kokuthi izithelo sezikhulile, kufanele zihlanjululwe kahle ngamanzi asebenzayo.
Awudingi ukukhipha iziqu, futhi kungcono ukuhlanza amaqabunga. Amahlamvu, amagatsha, utshani kanye nazo zonke izithasiselo ezidingekayo kumele zihlanzwe udoti owedlule futhi zigeze. 
Ukugeza ama-soda amathini
Uma uchama ngamathini kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izitsha kufanele zihlanzwe kusengaphambili. Kubalulekile ukugeza i-soda. Ukusetshenziswa kwanoma iyiphi i-chemical detergents ayinconywa ngokuqondile. Ngemuva kokuthi imbiza ihlanjululwe kahle futhi ayikho imidwebo ye-soda eshiywe kuyo, kufanele inzalo noma ifakwe ngamanzi abilayo.
Izimo zokugcina
Isigaba sokugcina sesitoreji (ngokushesha ngemuva kokulungiselela) sihlala cishe ngesonto elilodwa. Ngalesi sikhathi izithelo ezimanzi kufanele zigcinwe ekamelweni lokushisa.
Ngemuva kokuvuna, kubalulekile ukuthuthela endaweni epholile (mhlawumbe isakhiwo esingaphansi noma esingaphansi), lapho kufanele khona izinsuku ezingama-30-45 (kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwesithelo). Ekamelweni elifanayo, futhi kufanele ligcinwe ubusika.
Kubalulekile! Kunconywa ukuthi ungafaki ama-apula afakiwe. Nakuba kukholelwa ukuthi abalahlekelwa yizimfanelo zabo eziwusizo, kodwa isimo sabo nokubukeka kwabo kuyawohloka kakhulu uma kuqhwaqwe.
Iresiphi elula ye-apula ehlutshiwe Antonovka emabhange
Indlela esheshayo kakhulu futhi elula, ngoba wonke umsikazi unamabhange ku-arsenal, futhi umkhiqizo oqediwe ukulungele ukugcina, ngoba izitsha ezinjalo azithathi isikhala esiningi endlini.
Izithako
- Antonovka apula - 10 kg.
- Amanzi - ama-5 amalitha.
- Usawoti - 2 tbsp. izinkezo.
- Ushukela - Ubuciko. izinkezo.
- Amahlamvu okusajingijolo, i-currant ne-cherry.
Indlela yokupheka
Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okumnandi, kudingeka wenze izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula:
- Geza ngokuphelele izithelo ngamanzi ahambayo noma eziqukathi eziningana ezahlukene.
- Izithelo ezihlanzekile ziba izingcezu: ezinkulu - izingxenye ezingu-6-8, kanti ezincane zingaba izingxenye ezine. Uma ukhetha ukuhluka okuphakathi, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzise izithelo.
- Izimbiza zangaphambili ezilungiselelwe ukumboza ngamaqabunga okusajingijolo, i-currant ne-cherry (ehlanzekile ngaphambilini).
- Beka u-pulp osikiwe (noma izithelo zonke) ezimbizeni ngaphandle kokugcoba.
- Engeza usawoti noshukela emanzini, gqoka umlilo bese ulethe emathunjini. Emva kokukhipha ekushiseni bese ubeka eceleni.
- Thela okuqukethwe kwamathini ngesikhumba esishisayo ukuze sifinyelele entanyeni.
- Vala izitsha nge-capron caps bese uzibeka emakhazeni, lapho ezophekwa khona amasonto amabili. Kungenzeka ukugcina, kanye namanye amalungiselelo, ebusika.
Hlola izindlela zokupheka ezinhle zokuvuna ama-apula ebusika.
Ama-apula anezinyosi ebusika nefulawa rye
Enye iresiphi esheshayo futhi elula ye-apula angekho esiphundu.
Izithako
- Ama-apula - 1.5 kg.
- Amanzi - 2 amalitha.
- Ufulawa we Rye - 2 tbsp. izinkezo.
- Usawoti - 1 tbsp. i-spoon.
- Ushukela - 4 tbsp. izinkezo.
- Amaqabunga amancane nama-currant.
Indlela yokupheka
Ukulungiselela kwenziwa ngezigaba eziningana:
- Izithelo ezihlanziwe kahle kufanele zisuliwe zomile.
- Esikhathini esilungisiwe izimbiza zezingilazi, phinda uhhafu amaqabunga e-mint ne-currants (ungakwazi ukwengeza amanye amakhambi okuthandayo). Amaqabunga ahlukahlukene nawo afiselekayo emva kokugeza ukuze ashise ithawula.
- Ngokuqinile, kodwa ngaphandle kokucindezela, faka isithelo embizeni.
- Vala ngamakhambi asele.
- Hlanganisa usawoti, ushukela kanye nofulawa we-rye emanzini. Faka kuze kube yilapho konke kuchitheka.
- Thela izimbiza phezulu (i-brine esele igcinwe esiqandisini).
- Gcina izitsha endaweni efudumele izinsuku ezingu-3-7.
- Lapho izithelo zithatha ezinye zegazi, engeza i-brine ngaphezulu.
- Hambisa endaweni epholile lapho ama-apula izinsuku ezingu-30-45 azofinyelela ukulungela.
Ukupheka ama-apula aqoshiwe ebhakedeni
Le ndlela izosiza ukwenza inombolo enkulu yezikhala ngaphandle kokubunzima okukhulu, ngaphandle kokudla izitsha ezikhethekile, njengemiphongolo.
Izithako
- Ama-apula - ibhakede elingu-1.
- Amanzi - ibhakede elilodwa.
- Usawoti - 9 tbsp. izinkezo.
- Ushukela - 9 tbsp. izinkezo.
- Amahlamvu okusajingijolo ne-currant.
Uyazi? Ama-gourmets amakhulu afana neFrance abathanda izitsha zesiRashiya zokudla zesizwe - iFarm Farms Farms iyayithenga imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene exotic kubo, kuhlanganise nama-apula athuliwe.
Indlela yokupheka
Ubuchwepheshe bokupheka bulula:
- Geza izithelo namaqabunga bese woma ithawula.
- Beka phansi ibhakede (ngaphambi kokuhlanzwa nokugxila ngamanzi abilayo) ngamaqabunga okusajingijolo ne-currant.
- Tamp izithelo ngokuqinile (isikhala esiphakathi kwezithelo singabuye sibekwe ngamaqabunga noma amakhambi akho adumile aphunga).
- Letha amanzi emathunjini bese usulela usawoti kanye noshukela kuwo.
- Gcwalisa ibhakede nge-brine - kufanele limboze ngokuphelele okuqukethwe.
- Vala ibhakede nge gauze noma ithawula nesitolo endaweni epholile. Kulapho kufanele uhlale amasonto amabili.
- Lapho nje inyama isetshenziswe (ngezikhathi ezithile kuyadingeka ukuthola futhi uzame), isithelo singasakazwa ngezimbiza ezinzalo, uthele nge-brine futhi, uhlanganiswe ngamabhodlela, ubeke eceleni isitoreji esiqandisini. Noma shiya konke okugcinwe ebhakedeni endaweni epholile futhi emnyama.
Ukupheka ama-apula oqoshiwe emgqonyeni
Le recipe ibhekwa njengesiyingqayizivele nesendabuko. Izithako zalo nokupheka ubuchwepheshe buvivinywa yizizukulwane eziningi zabamakhosikazi. Kuyinto yokupakisha ngokhuni eyenza ukunambitheka okungavamile okunzima ukuphinda kwesinye isitsha.
Izithako
- Ama-apula - 10 kg.
- Amanzi - amalitha ayi-10.
- Ushukela - 400 g;
- Usawoti - 3 tbsp. izinkezo.
- I-mustard powder - 1 tbsp. i-spoon.
- Usongo wegorosi noma rye.
- Amaqabunga ama-Mint, ama-currants, ama-raspberries.
- Izinongo ukunambitha (isibonelo, sinamoni, pepper, basil).
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuvuna ebusika: amapheya, izinhlanzi, ama-apricot, i-yoshta, i-gooseberries, i-viburnum, i-blueberries, i-cherries, i-mountain ash kanye ne-sea buckthorn.
Indlela yokupheka
Ukuze uthole amalungiselelo amahle ebusika udinga:
- Geza izithelo, amaqabunga kanye notshani (ngokungezelelwe uhlakaze utshani ngamanzi abilayo), khona-ke makumame.
- Beka utshani namaqabunga ezansi ezitsheni ezilungiselelwe (hlambulula ngesisombululo soda bese uhlambalaza, hlola ukuthi kukhona ama-chips kanye nokuqhekeka).
- Ukusebenzisa ama-apula kufanele kube cuttings up, ngamunye ungqimba ukubeka straw kanye namaqabunga. Futhi utshani oludinga ukubeka isikhala phakathi kwezithelo namadonga emgqomo.
- Qaphela ngokucophelela isendlalelo sokugcina ngotshani kanye namacembe asele.
- Hlanganisa ushukela, usawoti, lwesinaphi esimile, izinongo namanzi. Letha emathumba bese upholile.
- Thela ibhulashi phezu komgqomo ukuze zonke izithelo zimbozwe futhi ziphakeme kancane. I-brine esele iyalondolozwa (kuzodingeka ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile).
- Amandla okuvala noma cindezela phezulu bese ushiya endaweni efudumele izinsuku ezingu-3-5. Ngalesi sikhathi, udinga ukufaka njalo i-brine, njengoba ama-apula azodonsa okuningi ketshezi.
- Hlanzeka endaweni epholile futhi emnyama lapho izithelo zizofinyelela khona izinsuku ezingu-30-40. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuthi ngabe isikhunta sibonakale yini phezulu. Uma kunjalo, kufanele kususwe ngokucophelela futhi kuqhubeke ukubuka.
Le ndlela elula futhi engabizi kakhulu yokwehlukanisa ukudla kwakho ngenkathi ebandayo. Ama-apula afakiwe - lokhu kuyinto ewusizo etafuleni lakho ebusika, lapho izithelo nemifino entsha kunzima futhi kuyabiza. Nje isikhathi esincane nomzamo, futhi umphumela uyokujabulela wena nabathandekayo bakho.
