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I-Lupine: indlela yokusebenzisa njengomquba ohlaza

I-Siderats izitshalo ezikhulile ukuze kuthuthukiswe isakhiwo somhlabathi. Enye yalezi zimila ezihlaza, yiqiniso, i-lupine (kokubili yonyaka futhi iphela). Ngemuva kwalokho, umndeni we-legume, okwakungokwakhe, ngenye indlela uyingqayizivele kulezi zakhiwo.

Kungani sidinga ama-siderats

Yini umquba ohlaza owenzela umhlaba:

  • buyisela futhi uthuthukise;
  • ukwandisa umswakama ukukhishwa;
  • ukunciphisa i-asidi;
  • umanyolo;
  • ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezimbungulu ezizuzisayo, izibungu, amabhaktheriya;
  • ukubhubhisa izinambuzane;
  • ukucindezela ukhula;
  • ukuvikela kusuka ekushiseni.

Kubalulekile! Ukutshala ekwindla kuvikela umhlabathi ekukhuliseni, ukuqhuma, kusiza umhlaba ukuba ushiswe ebusika ngaphansi, ubambe iqhwa ukuze entwasahlobo igcwele ngokuphelele umswakama.

I-Lupine njenge-siderata: izinzuzo nezinkinga

Kukhona neze amaphutha kulo mkhakha. Kodwa izinzuzo eziningi:

  1. Izimpande zingena ngokujulile, zithatha umsoco kakhulu emhlabeni.
  2. Inikeza isivuno esikhulu sobukhulu obuhlaza - amathani angu-45-60 ngehektha ngalinye.
  3. Ithola ukuphakama kwayo maduzane - ezinsukwini ezingu-50 ngokulandela imbewu.
  4. Inikeza izakhi eziningi.
  5. Izinhlobo ezikhethekile ze-alkaloid zivimbela amabhaktheriya amabi.
  6. Isomiso nokumelana okubandayo (kuye ngokuthi yiziphi ezihlukahlukene).
  7. Akuyona into ekhethekile ngokuphathelene nezwe.
Ukungahleleki kwayo kuphela ukutholakala kwama-alkaloid enobuthi, okwenza kube lula ukunambitheka kokudla. Ngendlela, i-lupins ephuzi namhlophe i-alkaloid encane, futhi okwesibhakabhaka cishe akukaze kusetshenziselwe ukudla.

Yiluphi uhlobo lwe-lupins elisetshenziselwa njengama-siderats

Ngokuvamile, akuzona zonke izinhlobo ezisetshenziswa njenge-siderat. Ngalesi sifo esihle se-lupine, esiluhlaza, esibomvu (esincane).

Kubalulekile! Ngaphezu kwalokho, basebenzisa izinhlobonhlobo ze-lupine, ezibizwa ngokuthi yi-multiple-leaved. Ibuye igcwele ama-alkaloids, ikhuthazelela amakhaza ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Kodwa izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ziningi. Okudume kakhulu:

  • Mhlophe: "Desnyansky", "Gamma", "Degas".
  • Okuphuzi: "Siderat 892", "Isibani", "Isikhundla", "Isizathu 369", "Peresvet".
  • Ubomvu: "Siderat 38", "Vityaz", "Narrow Leaf 109", "Shintsha", "Ithemba".

Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokulima

Manje ake sikhulume ngokukhula kwe-lupine nokuthi singayinakekela kanjani le sideratom.

I-Buckwheat, i-rye, i-peas, i-phacelia, i-oats, lwesinaphi, ne-alfalfa nayo ikhule njengama-siderats.

Yiziphi izitshalo okufanele zizisebenzise

Lesi sitshalo sifanelekile ngaphambi kokutshala noma yikuphi izitshalo ngaphandle kwemifino. Phela, bavela emndenini owodwa futhi banezinambuzane ezivamile. Utamatisi, iklabishi, i-pepper kanye namazambane ziyoba abalandeli abahle kakhulu kulo mquba ohlaza.

Ukuhlwanyela nini futhi kanjani

I-Siderat batusa ukutshala kusukela entwasahlobo kuze kufike ekwindla. I-Lupine ayiyona into ekhethekile ngokuqondene nomhlaba, kodwa i-loam esindayo ne-peatlands ngeke isasebenza. Ama-fertilizer aqukethe ama-nitrogen awadingeki lapha, njengoba abhubhisa kuphela ukusizwa kwesiderat. Khipha inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala, uhlalise izitshalo zokutshala. Imbewu itshalwe nge-3-4 cm ejulile emifudlana encane ene-interval of 20 cm. Phakathi kwezitshalo ishiywe ngo-10 cm gap. Izincomo ezinjalo zijwayelekile futhi zihluka kuye ngokuthi ubukhulu bezitshalo.

Uyazi? Ukucebisa inhlabathi lupine yasetshenziswa eGrisi eminyakeni engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili edlule.

Indlela yokunakekela lupine

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-3-4 ukusuka ekuhlwanyeleni, umhlaba uboshiwe nge-rake noma i-harrow elula (emhlabathini onesihlabathi esincane) ahlushwa ngemuva kokuba izitshalo zibe namaqabunga angu-4-5). Kunconywa ukuba wenze lokhu emva kokudla, lapho iziqu ziguquguquka.

Ukukhishwa kwesibili kuyenzeka lapho izithombo sezikhulile kuya ku-12-15 cm, okwesithathu - ngesonto ngemuva kwesibili.

Nini ukuhlanza

Umanyolo ovuthiwe wanyuka ezinyangeni ezimbili. Njengomthetho, zama ukugubha ngaphambi kokuqhakaza okukhulu. Awudingi ukumba imibhede, vula nje imifino, uthathe phansi izimpande, ufafaze konke nomhlaba womhlaba. Emoyeni esomile, khala imibhede.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Okokuqala, qinisekisa ukuthi ukhulisa isitshalo sakho emhlabathini omuncu noma ongathathi hlangothi. Nge-alkaline, ngeke ikhule.

Emasontweni okuqala, umanyolo ohlaza awuqhubeki ngokushesha, ogcwele ukhula. Kodwa, uma iya ekukhuleni, ngeke isabe. Hlela kahle isitshalo emva kokushisa kwebusika, ukolweni, ngoba luvimbela ukhula.

Uyazi? Amabhontshisi amhlophe e-lupine atholakala emathuneni amaharahara aseGibhithe (2000 BC).

I-Lupine iyi-siderat ejwayelekile futhi ekhethiwe. Kuhle ukutshala okulandelayo emva kwazo zonke izitshalo. Kodwa ngaphambi kokwenza ukhetho, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda ngazo zonke izinzuzo nezinkinga zayo, nini futhi kanjani ukutshala. Futhi ukhethe ibanga elifanele ngezidingo zakho.

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