Izitshalo zasendle zihlanganisa ubuhle bemvelo. Ngokuvamile zinezakhiwo zokwelapha, izimbali ezinhle. IKaluzhitsa yi-marsh, ebizwa nangokuthi "iso eliphuzi", ngokuqondile kusuka kulokho.
Incazelo yezitshalo
UMarsh marigold isitshalo semvelo sama-herbaceous, omele umndeni wamaRanunculaceae. Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo yindawo yaseYurophu, eSiberia naseFar East evulekile yezindawo zaseRussia, eCaucasus, e-Asia Ephakathi. Ukuphakama kuyahlukahluka endaweni yokukhula. Emhlabathini oqinile, angama-40 cm kuphela, futhi emanzini afinyelela kumamitha amathathu. Isiqu sikhulu futhi sinomzimba, singaba siqonde, sikhamba noma sikhuphuke. Amaqabunga apendwe aluhlaza okomnyama, omise okwenhliziyo ngamaphethelo amabi. Ubude - cm 15-20. Ngasohlangothini lweqabunga, imithambo ngombala obomvu-okwesibhakabhaka ibonakala kahle. Ngokuchayeka isikhathi eside elangeni elihangulayo, bakha ishubhu. Ububanzi bezimbali bungamasentimitha amahlanu. Ingxenye eyinhlokophuzi, kepha kukhona okugolide, okumhlophe no-orenji.
Incazelo eningiliziwe
Izinhlobo ezivamile zeCaltha palustris
- Multiplex Isitshalo esincane esinezimbali ezimbili eziphuzi;
- UFlore Pleno. Ubukhulu mayelana namasentimitha angama-25, izimbali - kabili, ophuzi;
- U-Aiba. Izimbali zokuqala zicocekile. Ukuphakama - 22 cm, nobubanzi - cm 30. Izimbali - umbala omhlophe onama-stamens aphuzi.
Ukuphulukisa izakhiwo
UMarsh marigold uyisisekelo sezidakamizwa eziningi. Isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-anemia, umkhuhlane, izinkinga zesikhumba, kanye nokuphazamiseka komzimba. Ukufakwa okumanzi kwe-calendula kusiza ukuqeda izifo zepheshana lokuphefumula, umkhuhlane kanye nomgudu wokuchama. Lo omele umhlaba wezitshalo unobuthi, ngakho-ke ungasebenzisi ngaphakathi kwakho. Ukucanuzelelwa kwenhliziyo kungenzeka, ukuhlanza, ukushisa, ukulimaza ulwelwesi lwama-mucous nesikhumba.
Indaba yokubukeka
Ukushicilelwa kokuqala mayelana nalesi sitshalo ku-1753, lapho kwawela emkhakheni wokubukwa kukaKarl Linnaeus. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ngisho nokukhonjwa emithonjeni yasendulo yamaRoma neyasendulo ebhaliwe yamaGrikhi, lapho ibizwa ngokuthi "yimbali ende" Kuthiwa futhi ibisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zamehlo.
Lesi sitshalo sathola igama laso lesimanje ngesikhathi sikaKievan Rus. Ikhule ezindaweni ezinomlotha (kaluga - swamp), yingakho igama - kaluzhnitsa.
Izinhlobo ezejwayelekile
Izici zokunakekela i-marshmallow ekhaya
Ukunisela
Isitshalo sidinga ukuthambisa njalo futhi kuningi. Kufanele uqinisekise njalo ukuthi umhlaba uhlala umswakama.
Kubalulekile! Gwema ukugcwala okungamanzi!
Ukufafaza
UMarsh Kaluga uwathanda kakhulu amanzi, ngakho-ke okungenani ngesonto udinga ukuwafafaza kwibhodlela lokufafaza.
Umswakama
Lesi isici esibaluleke kakhulu sokukhula ngempumelelo. Kufanele ibe nenani eliphakeme. Uma umswakama wehla ngisho okuncane, umphumela wokuhlobisa ungonakala.
Inhlabathi
Imvamisa, lesi sitshalo siyozizwa sithokomele, sinokuthambisa okuhle nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezakhi. Izindawo nezikhanyayo kahle nezindawo ezinomthunzi oyingxenye zilungele i-kalugnitsa.
Ukufakelwa
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukukhula okuhle nokukhula kwezinkomo, kuzokwanela ukusondla ngomanyolo wezimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesizini. Kanye njalo emva kweminyaka embalwa, ukwenza umquba ngeke kuvimbe.
Izici zokunakekelwa kwasebusika, isikhathi sokuphumula
Izinkinga zokubandisa ubusika kulesi sitshalo azibonwa. IKaluzhnitsa ibonakala ngokukhuthazela nokubekezelela kahle isithwathwa. Ishelter idinga kuphela izinhlobo zaseningizimu ezifudumele ne-terry kaluzhnitsa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzokwanela ukubafafaza nge-peat ukuze ugweme ukubanda.
Iqhuma nini futhi kanjani
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza sithatha izinyanga ezi-2 - kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Meyi. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-buds kuma-peduncle amade ayavuleka. Ubukhazikhazi bezintambo buqoqa imisebe yelanga. Njengomphumela walokhu, kuba ukufudumala ngaphakathi kwehlumela bese abahlwayiba beqala ukundizela kuwo. Izimbali ngokwazo ziqukethe amacembe amahlanu kanye nokuhlanzeka okulula. Kodwa-ke, ukubukeka kwezimbali kungenzeka kuphela ezitshalweni esezifinyelele eminyakeni eyi-8-10. Kukhona zombili izimbali ezejwayelekile nezimbali eziphindwe kabili.
Kubalulekile! Lapho kuqala isikhathi sokuqhakaza, ama-kaluga adinga ukufakelwa ama-ejenti ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamaminerali. Lokhu kuzothuthukisa ukwakheka kwama-buds futhi kubanikeze ubukhazikhazi.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, udinga ukunquma ngokushesha ama-inflorescence omisiwe. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukukhula okusebenzayo kwamaqabunga aluhlaza nokuqinisekisa ukubukeka kwabo okuhle.
Ukuzala
Inketho enhle yokukhulisa isitshalo esisha ukuthenga izithombo ezenziwe ngomumo kumenzi wazo. Kodwa-ke, ungakupheka ngokwakho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, entwasahlobo, imbewu kufanele ihlwanyelwe esitsheni noma embizeni enomanyolo futhi oswakanyiswe bese kuba yi-stratification.
Siqukethe izigaba ezimbili:
- imbewu yezinsuku ezingama-30 ubudala ineminyaka engu-+ 10 ° C;
- ezinsukwini ezingama-60 ezilandelayo zigcinwa ku + 20 ° C; kulesi sigaba imbewu iyaqhuma.
Ngemuva kwalokho imbewu ihlwanyelwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukutshala imbewu ngaphandle kwezithombo kungenzeka. Uma uhlwanyela imbewu esanda kukhiwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo, khona-ke amahlumela azovela ekugcineni. Imbewu ethengiwe ihlwanyelwa kangcono ngaphambi kobusika. Lapho-ke bazophinda babhekane nemvelo yemvelo, futhi entwasahlobo ungabona amahlumela.
Izindlela zokukhulisa imifino
Ukuze kwenziwe kabusha isitshalo esidala, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezilandelayo:
- ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla;
- ukusika;
- indlela yokubeka.
Ukwahlukaniswa kwesihlahla kungenye yezindlela ezivamile zokuzala. Isihlahla esimbiwe sihlukaniswe izingxenye eziningi, bese siyatshalwa.
Kubalulekile! Kumele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye zihlala zimanzi, kanye nokushintshana.
Inqubo yenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqhakaza noma ekwindla.
Ukuze usike, thatha ingxenye engenhla yesiqu bese usika izingcezu. Ngemuva kokukhula kwezimpawu, ungatshala emhlabathini.
Indlela yokubeka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha iziqu ezimbalwa eziqinile. Sibayisa emhlabathini bese sibafafaza ngenhlabathi evundile yengadi. Izendlalelo ziyaniselwa futhi zondliwe ngendlela efanayo nesitshalo somama. Entwasahlobo elandelayo, ama-rosette amancane anezimpande akhiwa ezingqimbeni, ahlukaniswe futhi atshalwe kabusha.
Izindlela zokuzala
Kukhona enye indlela yokusabalalisa ngokwakha: i-internode. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isiqu siphinde sanyathelwa phansi, kodwa silungiswe endaweni ye-Internode. Ngokulandelayo, isiqu simbozwa nge-peat noma inhlabathi ekhanyayo.
Ukunaka! Kuzo zonke izindlela zokuzala nokufakelwa, kufanelekile nokubuka umbuso womswakama. Izimpande zesitshalo, izingxenye zalo, inhlabathi - konke kumele kube nomswakama, ngaphandle kwalokho kungaba nezinkinga ngokufaka ukubamba ngezimpawu nokukhula okuqhubekayo.
Ukufakelwa
Ukufakelwa kwenziwa kangcono ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Kubhekwa njengento enhle kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-3-4. Le nqubo yokulwa nokuguga ingahlanganiswa nokuhlukaniswa kwezimpande. Kuyadingeka ukusika ngobunono nangezingxenye ezinkulu, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzoba nzima ukuthi i-kaluzhnitsa ithathe izimpande. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-kaluga ikhula futhi ilahlekelwe umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa, ngakho-ke kabusha kuyadingeka.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo
IKaluzhnitsa isitshalo esingamelana nezifo nezinambuzane, kepha ezinye izinkinga zisekhona.
Amaqabunga aphuzi noma amaqabunga anama-rusty deposits awuphawu lwe-powdery hlobo. Isizathu salokhu ihlobo elishisayo. Isixazululo sizoba ukwelashwa kwamaqabunga nge-Bordeaux ewuketshezi (isisombululo se-sulfate yethusi emanzini kalamula).
Ubunzima bokutshala obunokwenzeka
Ukomisa noma ukuwa kwamaqabunga kuwuphawu lokuntuleka komswakama. Kulokhu, uhlelo lokunisela kufanele lubuyekezwe.
Uma ukwahlukaniswa kwenziwa ngenkathi yokukhula, khona-ke imarigold ingaqala ukulahla amaqabunga namahlumela, kanye nokubuna. Le yinkinga yesikhashana - uma ugula, lesi sitshalo sizolulama futhi siqhubeke nokukhula ngokujwayelekile.
Izinambuzane azisongeli isitshalo. Ukuphela kwento ongahlangana nayo ukuqhakaza okungatheni kwemarigold. Lokhu kungenxa yokuntuleka komswakama noma ukukhanya okunganele. Kufanele kwandise ukuchelela nokudlulisa (ukufakisha) imbali endaweni enelanga elithe xaxa.
Ungasinakekela kanjani isitshalo
IMarshmallow ayisona isitshalo esithandwa kakhulu. Futhi ngeze. Uma isetshenziswa kahle, le mbali iyikhambi kwezifo ezahlukahlukene. Izimbali ezinhle zizoba umhlobiso ofanele wesiza noma ichibi lokufakelwa. Ukutshala umuntu omele umhlaba wezitshalo endlini yakhe yezwe kuzobe kungaphumeli ndawo.
