Isihlahla se-Apple "Vasyugan" sibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zemithi ye-apula, eyaziwa kakhulu ngenxa yobumbano, ukuzala, ukuvuthwa kokuqala nokubukeka okungavamile. Futhi "i-Vasyugan", ngaphezu kwalokho, ibuye ibe nokuphakama okukhulu kweqhwa. Ake sihlolisise lezi zihlukahlukene.
Umlando wokuzala
Izinhlobonhlobo zokuqala ze-apple zafika eYurophu ezivela ezwekazini laseMelika ngo-1964. Futhi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zeVasyugan zenziwa cishe eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu edlule, ekupheleni kwama-80s, eMoscow Institute of Horticulture ngokuwela iBusnichny ne-KV-5 engaphansi. 
Isihlahla se-Apple ngokushesha sathandana nabalimi be-amateur ngenxa ye-dessert yayo yesithelo esiphundu, ukunakekelwa okungabizi nokuqhwa kwamaqhwa. Izivivinyo zezinhlobonhlobo zaphela ngo-1995, emva kwalokho ukuzalana kwayo okukhulu kwaqala.
Izici eziphilayo
Izihlahla ze-Apple "Vasyugan" ziphansi, izihlahla eziningi kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi ama-internodes ancishisiwe kanye nokungabi khona kwamagatsha okuphelele, kubonakala sengathi izithelo zikhula ngokuqondile esihlahleni somuthi.
Kubalulekile! Ukuvimbela izifo nezinambuzane ze-apula "I-Vasyugan" Ukwelapha izihlahla nge-fungicides nezinambuzane.
Incazelo yomuthi
Isihlahla saso esincane sifike ekuphakameni kwayo okukhulu kuneminyaka engama-6-8, kanti akudluli amamitha amathathu. Umqhele wenziwa ube isiqu esisodwa, ngaphandle kwamagatsha ohlangothini kanye namahlamvu amaningi. Kollyakh usuka ngqo emgqonyeni. Ngenxa yokungabi namagatsha ahlangothini, umuthi uhlala endaweni encane, okuyinto enhle uma ukhula endaweni yezikhala ezinqunyelwe, isibonelo, ezweni. Isici sezinhlobonhlobo ukukhula kwayo kwe-frost: "I-Vasyugan" igcina kahle amazinga okushisa kuze kufike ku -42 ° C, okuvumela ukuba ikhule ngaphansi kwezimo ezisenyakatho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubukeka okungavamile kwezinhlobonhlobo kuyoba umhlobiso omuhle wensimu.
Ungase ube nesithakazelo kuma-apula anjengokuhlobisa: njenge-Nedzvetskogo apula tree nezinhlobo ze-"Royalties", nezinhlobo ezinjalo ze-kolonovidnye zezinhlobo zemali noMongameli. Izinhlobo ezithile zamapheya, amapulazi, ama-apricot nazo zinefomu lekholomu.
Incazelo yezithelo
Incazelo yesithelo se-columnar apple ezihlukahlukene "Vasyugan" kanje:
- isisindo - 100-150 g;
- umumo - ohlangene, ohlangene;
- umbala - ophuzi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokubomvu okuyingxenye ebomvu;
- i-pulp inamanzi ahlanzekile, ahlungwe kahle, amhlophe noma amancinci;
- ukunambitheka - okumnandi-okumuncu, okugcwele;
- iphunga elimnandi.
Ukuthela
Izikhathi zokuvuthwa izithelo ziqala kusukela eminyakeni eyishumi edlule ka-Agasti kuya ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba. Izithelo ezivuthiwe kahle, lapho zigcinwe kahle, zingagcinwa izinsuku ezingafika ku-30. Ukuvunwa okujwayelekile komuthi owodwa omdala kungu-5-6 kg, ubukhulu - kufika ku-10 kg. Izithelo zikhuni futhi zibekezelela ukuhamba. Unalo ukunambitheka okuvamile futhi wenza kahle nganoma yiluphi uhlobo. Izithelo zompawu zokuqala zingase zivele kakade ngonyaka wokuqala, kodwa isihlahla siqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesithathu noma wesine emva kokutshala futhi siqhubeka senza kanjalo iminyaka engaba ngu-15. Ukuze uthole izitshalo eziqhubekayo ezivela emasimini, kuyafaneleka ukutshala izithombo ezintsha njalo eminyakeni eyishumi.
Hlola izinhlobo ezinjalo zama-apula njenge "Rozhdestvenskoe", "Ural Bulk", "Krasa Sverdlovsk", "Orlinka", "Orlovim", "Zvezdochka", "Kandil Orlovsky", "Papirovka", "Screen", "Antey" , Rudolph, Bratchud, Robin, Chief Red, Glory to the Victors.
Indlela yokukhetha izithombo uma uthenga
Kungcono ukuthenga izithombo ezitolo ezivela kubathengisi abathembekile abanezincwadi ezifanele zemikhiqizo yabo. Uma uthenga kahle uhlola isithombo ukuze kungabe kusomile noma kusetshenziswe uhlelo lwempande. Uma kukhona amathanga noma noma yiziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka kufanele ushiye lesi senzakalo. Akufanelekile ukulondoloza nokuthenga izihlahla ezindaweni ezingahleliwe, ngoba izimali ezitshaliwe ekuvuneni kuzoba ngaphezu kokukhokha isivuno esikhulu sezithelo ezihlwabusayo.
Uyazi? I-Apple ikhasi liqukethe i-flavonoids ne-polyphenols, okuyi-anti-oxidants ne-anti-cancer effect.
Imithetho yokutshala izithombo ze-apula kusayithi
I-columnar apple "i-Vasyugan" idinga ukutshala okufanele nokunakekelwa okwengeziwe:
- ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuze kulondolozwe i-apical bud, ngoba i-apula ayinamagatsha ahlangothini;
- lapho ukutshala izithombo kudingeka wenze umanyolo;
- emva kokutshala kumele kube namanzi amaningi athululela amanzi phezu kwesihlahla.
Isikhathi esiphelele
Isikhathi esihle sokuthenga nokutshala izithombo zomnyaka ofanayo nonyaka ka-spring, okungukuthi: ingxenye yesibili ka-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Kulesi simo, kungenzeka ukubona izimbali zokuqala zenzalo kulo nyaka, noma kunjalo, izimbali zokuqala kumele zisuswe ukuze zingadluli isitshalo. Isikhathi esifanele esifanele sokutshala izithombo nguSepthemba-Novemba. 
Ukukhethwa kwendawo
Kudingekile ukutshala izithombo emaqenjini athule, angenamimoya engadini, ngoba izihlahla ezincane zisabesaba iqhwa. Njengazo zonke izihlahla ze-apple, i-Vasyugan ingcono ukutshala endaweni ehlala phansi, ehlelekile, esendaweni engasemaphandleni naseziqhingini ezipholile. Lo muthi uzizwa ungakhululekile emithambekeni, ilanga nasezindaweni lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ayiseduze kunamamitha ayi-1.5 ukusuka ezingeni eliphezulu. Inhlabathi endaweni kumele ibe ne-asidi engathathi hlangothi, inhlabathi ye-chernozem ifanelekile, ngoba igcwele zonke izakhi ezidingekayo ekuthuthukiseni izihlahla ze-apula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kube nokufinyelela okulula kwezihlahla, njengoba zidinga ukunakekelwa okuphelele njalo. 
Ukulungiselela isitifiketi kanye nezithombo
Izithombo ezikhethiwe zihlola ngokucophelela ukungabikho kwezifo nomonakalo. Izimpande ezomile kancane zingahle zilungiswe ngokuzigcina usuku noma ezimbili emanzini. Uma kwakukhona izitshalo eziningi endaweni ekhethiwe, kuyadingeka ukuhlakulela inhlabathi ngokufaka umanyolo we-nitrogen kanye nomquba. Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele umbe isakhiwo esihle. Umgodi wokutshala kufanele ulungiswe kusengaphambili (izinsuku ezingu-10-15 ngaphambi kokutshala), ngoba umhlabathi ungathula futhi ulimaze isithombo.
Inqubo kanye nohlelo
Umgodi wokutshala kufanele ube mkhulu ngokwanele (hhayi ngaphansi kwezingu-0.9x0.9x0.9m ubukhulu) ukuze uhlelo lwempande lensiza lungeneke kuwo futhi umuthi awunayo izakhi. Uma ugoba umgodi, ingqimba engaphezulu enhlabathini evundile kufanele ilahlwe ngokwehlukana. Uma umhlaba unzima ngokwanele, khona-ke amanzi okusuka esihlabathini noma emanqeni amancane kufanele anikezwe ngezansi. Khona-ke amabhakede ama-3-4 omquba noma ama-humus, ama-superphosphate (50-100 g) kanye nama-fertilizer e-potash (50-80 g) afakwa enqabeni enhlabathini enomhlabathi. Ufulawa wama-dolomite (100-200 g) nawo wengezwa enhlabathini e-acidic. Ingxube eholayo ifakwa emigodini. Izihlahla kufanele zitshalwe kude nendawo engaphansi kwe-0.5m ukusuka komunye nomunye ibanga elincane phakathi kwemigqa engama-1 m. Intamo yentambo ye-apula kufanele ibe ngaphezu kwenhlamba. Emva kokutshala, manzi amanzi ngokuningi. 
Izici zokunakekelwa kwonyaka
Ngokwezici zalo, i-apple ye-Vasyugan ikholomu idinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela kwenkathi ukuze ugcine izimfanelo zayo ezivuthiwe.
Kubalulekile! "I-Vasyugan" - enye yezinhlobonhlobo ezimbalwa, eqondiswa kahle ezindaweni ezenyakatho ngamahora amaningi asebusuku.
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi
I-Vasyugan ine-root system engajulile, efuna ukuchelela okunamandla kune-apula evamile. Okuhle kulokhu kuzoba ukusetshenziswa kokunisela. Kodwa-ke, akufanelekile ukuphuza umuthi, ngoba ukuqhuma kwamanzi kuholela ekuboleni izimpande zesitshalo. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukufaka ukuchelela kokunisela, kuyadingeka ukuphuzisa umuthi kanye njalo ngezinsuku ezingu-3-4 ngesikhathi esomile nesishisayo kanye kanye ngesonto - ngezinye izikhathi. Ngemuva kokunisela, udinga umbuthano we-mulch pristvolny ngotshani, osuswa ngesikhathi sokubusika. Ngenxa yobuthakathaka bezimpande ze-apula, akudingekile ukuba ukhulule inhlabathi ewazungezile, udinga ukuyihlanganisa. Ngalesi sizathu, okusanhlamvu utshalwe ezungeze izihlahla, ezihlwanyelwa njalo ngezikhathi ezithile. Esikhundleni sezitshalo, ungatshala iziqholo - i-lemon i-lemon noma i-dill, okungeze kube yilapho izoba isivikelo esengeziwe ngokulwa nezinambuzane.
Ukudla
Izithelo zensimu zixhomeke ngokuqondile kumanyolo, ngakho entwasahlobo kufanele ukhumbule ukwengeza i-nitrogen, eyenza ukukhula kwezitshalo kusebenze. Umthombo we-nitrogen kungaba - i-humus, i-droppings yezinyoni nama-fertilizer amaminerali. Uma usebenzisa umquba omusha, faka izihlahla ekwindla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambi kokuba nangemva kwezihlahla ze-apula zezimbali kufanele zisetshenziswe umanyolo we-potash. Futhi enye yemisebenzi yokulungisa insimu ebusika ukufakwa kwe-superphosphate. Ngendlela, izitolo ezikhethekile zinikeza izinhlobo ezilungiselelwe zokudla kwanoma yisiphi isitshalo nemithi. 
Ukwelashwa okuvimbelayo
Ukuze uvimbele izifo ze-apula, kubalulekile ukuba uphefute njalo nge-fungicides nezinambuzane. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kabili ngonyaka - entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuba izimbali zokuqala zivele, futhi ekwindla - emva kokuvuna. Njengesivikelo sokuvimbela ukukhwabanisa, izihlahla zasentwasahlobo ziphathwa nge Bordeaux liquid. Ithuluzi elifanayo kanye ne "Fundazol" lizosiza ekulwa nezinye izifo ze-apula - isikhunta se-powdery ne-rust.
Uyazi? Ama-apula owodwa aqukethe isilinganiso sezinyosi ezidingekayo nsuku zonke, okudingekayo ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwenhliziyo nobuchopho.
Ukwakheka komqhele kanye nomqhele
Izinhlobo zokudubula "i-Vasyugan" inezici ezithile: ngoba lezi zihlahla azidingi amagatsha ahlangene, kufanelekile ukuzisika zibe amaqabunga amabili. Ekupheleni konyaka wokuqala wokukhula, amahlumela amaningana aphezulu avela kule sayithi, okumele ihlanjululwe. Ngakho-ke, ehlobo lonyaka wesithathu emva kokutshala, i-twig engasokwanga eyoqala ukuthela izithelo, futhi ukukhanya okuhloswe kuzoletha amahlumela amancane amancane. Uma iqhwa lilimaze ihlumela le-apical, kuyadingeka ukususa wonke amahlumela amasha, ngaphandle kokusebenza kahle kakhulu, nokuphatha amasayithi aqedwe nge-lime. 
Ukuvikelwa emakhazeni namakhaza
I-apula, ikakhulukazi ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala, kumele ivikeleke emakhazeni abanda futhi ahlukahlukene ngokuyifaka ngamagatsha ase-fir, utshani noma izinkuni zezinkuni. Kubalulekile ukuthi indawo yokukhosela ihlale isomile ngaphakathi futhi ingenazo izikhala. 
Ukuvikeleka okuhle kakhulu kumagundane nakho kuyigesi yensimbi yensimbi, evikela isihlahla ngasinye somuthi kuze kube ngu-120 cm ubude futhi ingcwatshwe emhlabathini kuya kumamitha angama-30. Futhi abalimi abaningi be-amateur basebenzisa amanetha amancane enyiloni noma basika amabhodlela eplastiki.
Ukwengeza, ebusika, ungakwazi ukuphefumula kahle umjikelezo wezimpande ze-apula ngeqhwa. Kodwa-ke, uma unyathelwa eqhweni, umuntu kufanele aqaphele ukuthi angalimazi uhlelo lwempande lomuthi oluseduze nomhlaba.
Naphezu kokuyinkimbinkimbi yokunakekela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zeVasyugan, ngokutshala lezi zihlahla, uzothola umphumela omuhle kakhulu ngesimo sephunga elimnandi, elimnandi futhi elivuthiwe. Futhi ukubukeka okungavamile kwezihlahla kuyoba yinto ehlosekayo yokuhlobisa engadini yakho.
