Igama lamatamatisi "Ngokusobala-okungabonakali" lilungile - lolu hlobo lwabalimi baluthandana nezivuno ezikhululekile zezithelo ezinkulu ze-pink. Lesi sitshalo singatshalalwa endaweni evulekile nevikelekile, ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, ngisho nasezikhungwini ezibanzi ebhodini noma efesiteleni. Izinhlobonhlobo zazingabhaliswanga njengomphumela wokuzalanisa, naphezu kwalokhu, kuye kwaba nokujabulela ukuphumelela kokubili phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasehlobo nasezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Ngokuqhubekayo kulesi sihloko sizocatshangelwa ngokuningiliziwe ngenzuzo kanye nenzuzo yezinhlobonhlobo, izici nemithetho yobunjiniyela bezolimo, kanye nezimfihlo zokuthola isivuno esikhulu esiphundu.
Ukubukeka kanye nencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo
Izimpawu zamatamatisi "Kubonakala sengathi-ezingabonakali" kufaka phakathi izici eziningana eziyinhloko - lokhu okuvuthiwe okuvuthiwe, okuphakama kakhulu, okuhlukahlukene okukhulayo kwamatamatisi. Lesi sitshalo singehlobo oluthile (ie, isiqu siyayeka ukukhula ngokushesha lapho i-ovary ikhiwa nesithelo).
Izinhlobo zokukhula ezithintekayo nazo zinezinhlobonhlobo ezinamatamatisi okuthiwa "Shuttle", "Solerosso", "Aelita Sanka", "i-Rio Fuego", "Liana", "i-De Barao", "i-Golden Heart", "i-Bokele", "i-Riddle", i- "Labrador" ".
Ukuphakama kweBush kuyahluka kusuka ku-40 kuya ku-100 cm. Kusukela ngesikhathi imbewu itshalwa kuze kube yilapho kutholakala izithelo zokuqala, kuthatha isilinganiso sezinyanga ezintathu. Abalimi bayaqaphela ukuthi lesi simila simelana kakhulu nezifo ze-fungal nezinambuzane.
Kubalulekile! Njengoba lezi zinhlobonhlobo zikhula kancane, ukutholakala kwezinsizakalo eziqinile ehlathini akudingeki. Kodwa-ke, isiqu singase siphule ngenxa yenani elikhulu nesisindo sezithelo, ngakho-ke, izihlahla ezikhiqiza kakhulu kudingeka ziboshwe.
Izithelo Zezithelo
Utamatisi "Kubonakala sengathi-engabonakali" yisithelo esikhulu esivamile esinezikhwama ezibandayo futhi ezinomsoco. Isisindo somunwe ovuthiwe sifinyelela 180-300 g, umbala u-obomvu obomvu, i-speck eluhlaza yesitshalo ayikho, ukunambitheka kuyamnandi futhi kumuncu, okujwayelekile kufana nezinhlobonhlobo zamatamatisi.
Ifomu lesithelo, likhule futhi livuthwe ngesikhathi esifanayo, isikhathi se-fruiting siyisikhathi eside: utamatisi ungavunwa kusukela ekupheleni kukaJuni kuya ku-Okthoba.
Izinzuzo nezinsalela ezihlukahlukene
Izinzuzo zalolu hlobo zibandakanya ukuvuthwa kokuqala kwesithelo, isifushane esifushane sesitshalo (okuyinto elula kakhulu, ngoba isihlahla asidingi ukwakhiwa kwezinsizakalo zomzimba), ukumelana nokulimala okwesikhashana. I-plus plus yi-isivuno se-utamatisi "Kubonakala sengathi-engabonakali" - ngokuya emithethweni yokutshala, ekhulayo futhi eshiya isikwele esingu-1. m ingakwazi ukuqoqa kuze kufike ku-15 kg ngonyaka wonyaka (ucabangela ukuthi izitshalo ezintathu zitshalwe ngomunye wemitha elilodwa).
Ngamanye amazwi, isivuno sesihlahla esisodwa singafinyelela ku-5 kg. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izithelo zihle kakhulu ekugcineni isikhathi eside, ukugaya kanye nokuhamba - utamatisi awunqamuki futhi awuphuli, ulondoloze ukunambitheka kwawo kwangempela.
Uyazi? Uhlelo lwempande lwezinhlobo ezithile zezamatamatisi lungakwazi ukufinyelela ku-1 m ukujula futhi lukhule 1.5-2.5 m ububanzi. Ingxenye engenhla yesitshalo ingafinyelela ku-2 m, futhi isisindo somnikazi werekhodi singama-2.9 kg.
Phakathi kokungaphumeleli kwalolu hlobo kungaqaphela izidingo zayo zokunisela nokudla. Imithetho yokunisela ngokucophelela kufanele igcinwe ngesikhathi se-ovary nokuvuthwa kwezithelo.
I-Agrotechnology
Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamatamatisi "Kubonakala sengathi zingabonakali" zibhekisela ekukhuleni okuphezulu, noma kunjalo, ukuze uthole ukuphakama okuvela ehlathini ngalinye, udinga ukuhlwanyela kahle imbewu, ulungiselele izithombo futhi unakekele ngothando ngesikhatsi ukubunjwa nokuvuthwa kwezithelo. Okulandelayo, sibheka imithetho eyisisekelo yokulima kuleli klasi.
Ukulungiselela imbewu, imbewu yokutshala nokuzinakekela
Ukutshala utamatisi ngokuphumelelayo kuqala ngokukhethwa kwenzalo. Uma ungenayo imbewu yakho evunyiwe, kufanele ithengwe: kungaba ezitolo ezikhethekile, noma ezakhamuzi zasehlobo eziqinisekisiwe, ozothola isivuno sakho. Imbewu kufanele ihlungwe, ilahlekile ilahlekile futhi iwonakele.
Kufanele futhi ubambe encane ukuhlolwa kokuhluma: Into ekhethiwe ifakwe ingilazi ngamanzi ahlanzekile anosawoti. Emva kwemizuzu engu-15, ukuhlola umphumela - imbewu enelanga ifanelekile ukutshala.
Kungcono ukutshala imbewu yalezi ezihlukahlukene ngoMashi (ngensimu yeqembu eliphakathi). Imbewu itshalwe ezitsheni ezincane kuya ekujuleni kwe-1 cm. Ukuze ulungise inhlabathi, kufanele uhlanganise ubuningi obulinganayo bomunus, inhlabathi engumhlabathi omnyama, isihlabathi somfula. Inhlabathi kufanele ifakwe. Imbewu itshalwe kude no-1 cm, emva kokutshala inhlabathi ingaswakanyiswa ngebhodi leprayipi.
Imbewu idinga ukuqinisekiswa kwesimiso sokushisa esifanele - ngaphakathi kwe-+22 ° C. Ukwakha umphumela wokushisa, ungafakwa ngefilimu. Emva kokuhluma, ifilimu kufanele isuswe.
Kubalulekile! Umquba awuvunyelwe ezitsheni ngaphambi kokukhethwa. Inhlabathi kufanele ifakwe kuphela njengoba kudingeka.
Ukunquma isikhathi esifanele sokukhetha utamatisi kungaba khona okungenani amaqabunga amabili esitsheni, ngokwesilinganiso, lokhu kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-7-10 emva kokuhluma imbewu. Ukuze ukhethe, ungakhetha izinkomishi zeplastiki noma amakhasethi akhethekile wezithombo. Uma usebenza namahlumela, kufanele uzame ukubathinta ngezandla zakho ngokuncane ngangokunokwenzeka: kungcono ukuthinta i-clod yobumba emthonjeni wezitshalo.
Izitshalo ezihlumekile kufanele zihlukaniswe ngokucophelela, uthathe umgodi emhlabathini ngepensela, isibonelo, nciphise isithombo emgqeni wokukhula wamaqabunga bese ufafaza inhlabathi, ululaze kancane ngeminwe yakho. Ngemuva kwalokhu, izithombo zingaswakanyiswa besebenzisa ibhodlela le-spray namanzi okushisa ekamelweni. Ngokwesilinganiso, ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbili izithombo zingatshalalwa.
Ukutshala nokutshala emhlabathini
Ukunquma isikhathi sokutshala izithombo kungase kusekelwe enhlabathini ozoyihlwanyela kuyo - izithombo zokushisa zingatshalwa engxenyeni yokuqala kaMeyi, endaweni evulekile evulekile (ngaphansi kwefilimu) - engxenyeni yesibili kaMeyi. Ekuqaleni kukaJuni, izithombo zika utamatisi zingatshalwa enhlabathini engavumelekile.
Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuba ukhule umhlabathi, ungasebenzisa, isibonelo, i-humus ngesilinganiso se-6 kg nge-1 sq. Km. m. Okulandelayo, udinga ukumba imbobo encane ebangeni lika-30 cm, njengesikwele esingu-1. m kufanele ikhule okungaphezu kuka 3-4 amahlathi utamatisi. Emthonjeni ngamunye, ungakwazi ukuthululela i-tbsp engu-1. l umlotha, ungasebenzisa futhi umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi oqukethe i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, i-potassium ne-trace izakhi.
Inhlabathi emithonjeni kufanele ifakwe kahle, i-1 l yamanzi iyokwanela inhlabathi emanzi, kuze kufike ku-2 l enhlabathini eyomile. Ngesikhathi amanzi engena, kudingekile ukulungisa izithombo: zisuse ezinkomeni, uzame ukuphazamisa i-clod yobumba ohlelweni lwempande. Izithombo kufanele zijule, zifafazwe umhlaba kanye ne-rammed kancane. Izithombo ezitshaliwe zingahlanganiswa ne-peat.
Ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha, kuvelele. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukususa amaqabunga amaningana aphansi bese ukhulisa insimu emhlabathini ngokuhambisana nokukhula kwawo.
Uyazi? Ukuze uthole u-1 kg wezitamatisi omisiwe, kufanele usebenzise izithelo ezintsha ezingu-8-14, ngoba ama-95% wezotamatisi aqukethe amanzi.
Ukunakekela nokuphuza
Kubalulekile ukunakekela kahle izithombo ezitshaliwe: uma kunesidingo, ukubopha, ukuncibilikisa nokuhlinzeka umbuso wokunisela okhono.
Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, utamatisi uhlamba "Kubonakala sengathi-awubonakali" awudluli ku-100 cm ukuphakama futhi kubhekwa njengokufushane. Kodwa-ke, kungase kudingeke ukuthi ziboshwe, njengoba isitshalo singase siphume ngenxa yesisindo nenani lamatamatisi - izithelo ezingafika ku-16 zingase zibe nesinye isikhwama. Futhi, i-garter izovikela utamatisi kusuka ku-slugs, izinambuzane nokuxhumana nomhlabathi omanzi.
I-Garter ingenziwa ngezindlela eziningana:
- Ngosizo lwamaphegi. Lena indlela elula yokuhlanganisa. Eceleni kwesihlahla ngasinye kufanele uqhube umgodla wezinkuni, ngokuba u-garter, ungasebenzisa ukuphakama okulinganiselwe kwendophi, amabhande, itheyipu. Isihlahla siboshwe phezulu kwesibalo, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi singagudluli phansi noma siwulimaze. Njengoba isihlahla sikhula, i-garter kumele ihanjiswe phezulu.
- Nge-trellis. Ngalendlela, udinga ukushayela izintambo ezimbili zensimbi kumphetho ngamunye wombhede, ubude bawo kufanele bube ngu-1-1.5 m ukuzinza. Kulezi zinduku ucingo lubekwe eceleni, lapho izihlahla ziboshwe khona.
- Indlela yombhalo. Emaphethelweni emibhede nakho kudinga ukushayela izikhonkwane, phakathi phakathi phakathi nokwelula ucingo. Kusukela kulolu cingo kuya ehlathini ngalunye kutholakala intambo, lapho isitshalo siboshelwe khona.
Phakathi kwezinye izinzuzo, i-garter izosiza kakhulu ukuphuza izihlahla, ezenziwa ngokuqinile ngaphansi kwempande, zizoqinisekisa ukujikeleza kwamanzi phakathi kwezitshalo, futhi kwandise isivinini sesithelo sokuvuthwa.
Ukuze sikhuthaze fruiting, kubalulekile ukuqhuba pasynkovanie ngesikhathi - ukususwa amahlumela engeziwe (stepsons) kule axils leaf. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, isihlahla esikhulu esinamaqabunga amaningi kanye nezinhlasi kanye nenani elincane lamabhulashi nezithelo ezivunayo ziyokhula. Abathengi bavame ukuba namaqabunga amancane futhi aphansi kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Utamatisi ohlukahlukene "Kubonakala sengathi ayibonakali" zihambisana nezici, okungukuthi, ngokukhula okulinganiselwe, ngakho-ke ukusika kungenakwenziwa ngokushesha kakhulu, lokhu kungabhekana ne-halt ephelele ekukhuleni kwehlathi.Izitshalo zalolu hlobo zingakhiwa zibe yiziqu ezimbili, ngaleyo nhloso kubalulekile ukushiya esinye isiqu esiphezulu kanye no-1-2 wezansi eziphansi kakhulu, ukhiphe zonke ezinye iziqu ezisezingeni eliphakeme phakathi kwesigamu esikhulu.
Kakhulu kakhulu kubalulekile ukuba ukwazi ukuhlukanisa izinyathelo ezivela ekudutsheni kwembali, ngoba ngokungazi kungenzeka ukuthi ususe ncamashi ukudubula kwembali, ngaleyo ndlela ukunciphisa inani lesitshalo. Umehluko omkhulu ukhona lapho kukhona amaqabunga: lapho i-stepon isanda kuqala ukukhula, isivele ineziqephu, zihlale zingekho ezimpandeni zembali.
Ukudoba kuyadingeka lapho isitshalo siqala ukukhula ngokushesha futhi sinamandla. Ngenkambiso, kungcono ukukhetha isikhathi sasekuseni, ungasebenzisi izikhali noma ummese, kodwa uphephe ngokucophelela isiteji esinebude okungenani u-5 cm.
Isimo esiyinhloko sokunakekelwa kahle utamatisi ukuphuza. Utamatisi awubekezeleli kokubili isomiso nokuswakama ngokweqile. Ukuze ugweme lezi zinhlangothi ezimbili, inhlabathi kufanele ifakwe njengomile, kuyilapho kufanele ugweme ngokuphelele umhlabathi.
Isibonelo, ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esomile, utamatisi udinga ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi amaningi njalo ngezinsuku ezingu-7. Ukungabi namanzi kusongela ukuchitha i-ovary ngesikhathi sakhiwa, noma ngokuqhekeza utamatisi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa. Uma kukhona kungenzeka, kungcono ukuhlela ukuchelela komhlaba ngaphansi kwamatamatisi - usebenzisa amabhodlela epulasitiki noma ezinye iziqukathi. Le ndlela izokwenza kube lula ukugwema ukutheleleka nge-rot, ukwakheka kwekhasi lomhlabathi esakhiweni sokunisela.
Uma indlela yokunisela yomhlabathi isetshenziswa, umuntu kufanele agweme ngokucophelela ingress yomswakama engxenyeni eluhlaza yesitshalo, eqondisa i-jet kuphela empande. Ngalendlela, amahlumela kufanele ahlanganiswe - "ukugoqa" impande ngotshani noma amaqabunga.
Njengoba "Kubonakala sengathi-engabonakali" ibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo ezingaphansi komhlaba, imvamisa yokuchelela kumele incishiswe ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo, futhi kancane kancane uyeke ukunyakaza ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuzosheshisa ukuvuthwa nokugcina utamatisi ezifweni.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Enye yezinzuzo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zika utamatisi ukuphikiswa kwayo ekufiphaleni okuphuthumayo kanye nokutheleleka kwe-fungal. Nokho isitshalo zingathinteka ezinye izifo: ukubola okuphezulu, indawo emnyama. Ukuze silwe nezifo, isisombululo sesidakamizwa esithi "Fitolavin" sisetshenziselwa izihlahla ezindala nezithelo nezithombo. I-calcium nitrate ingasetshenziswa futhi.
Noma kunjalo, lezi zifo kulula ukuzivimbela, ngoba zikwazi ukushaya nokubhubhisa sonke isitshalo. Ukuze uvikele isidingo soku:
- gwema umanyolo ongaphezulu;
- ukuqhuba i-pasynkovaniye ngesikhathi, ukungavumeli izihlahla ezihlwanyelwe kakhulu;
- qinisekisa ngesikhathi esifanele, ukuchelela okwanele;
- uma kunamanzi wokunisela, ukwenza i-mulching, ukusebenzisa utshani, utshani utshani, amaqabunga, ukhula (ngaphandle kwembewu), ifilimu, i-sawdust njenge-mulch;
- ukuhlinzekela ukushayela uma utamatisi etshalwe endaweni yokushisa.
Kanti futhi, ukuze ugweme ukungcola, kubalulekile ukuphatha imbewu enkingeni ye-potassium permanganate.
Utamatisi izinambuzane nazo zinganciphisa isivuno: whitefly, Colorado amazambane beetle, slugs, bear, aphid.
Imithi elandelayo isetshenziselwa ukubulala izinambuzane: Konfidor, Pegasus, Fitoverm. Ungasebenzisa futhi izindlela zendabuko: i-infusions yegalikhi, umlotha okhuni, umquba wegwayi. Kubalulekile ukumba ngokucophelela inhlabathi ekwindla ukubhubhisa izidleke ezinambuzane.
Izimo ze-fruiting enkulu
Ukuze ukwandise isivuno sezithelo futhi uthuthukise izinga lezithelo, ama-biostimulants asetshenziswa kabanzi namuhla, okuyinto ngisho nangamanani amancane enza umphumela omuhle ezitshalweni. I-Biostimulants inezakhiwo ezilandelayo:
- Ukunciphisa ukubhekana nezifo, izimo ezimbi zemvelo.
- Ukusheshisa izinqubo zokukhula kwezitshalo nezithelo zokuvuthwa.
- Khuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwempande.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi isitshalo silinganisa kanjani.
Njengokukhuthaza, ungasebenzisa izidakamizwa "Biostim", "Epin", "Kornevin", "Zircon", "Immunocytofin", "i-Novosil". Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela ngokuqinile imiyalelo nemingcele lapho usebenza nezidakamizwa, njengoba ezinye izidakamizwa ziyingozi kubantu, kanti ezinye uma umthamo udlulile zingalimaza utamatisi.
Shintsha izidakamizwa kungaba yikhambi lomuntu - ijusi le-aloe. Ukusetshenziswa kwejusi kungakhuphula isivuno sotamatisi nge-1/4.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo
Izithelo zingadliwa kokubili fresh futhi ekheniwe. Ngamahlombe kungcono ukhethe izithelo ezinembile, ezincane. Ungenza ama-jus, ama-pastes, imifino enamathinini, amasoso nokugqoka kusuka utamatisi amakhulu. Ngenxa yokunambitheka okumnandi ngobuhlungu, utamatisi omusha uyohambisana ngokuvumelana nama-saladi yemifino, ukudla okulula. Izitshalo zokubekezela ezibekezelayo nokugcinwa ngenxa yezinhlamvu eziqinile, ungalahlekelwa ukunambitheka kokunambitheka.
Kulesi sihloko, sihlolisise incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo ze-tomato "Kubonakala sengathi ayibonakali," yahlaziya izici ze-engineering zobunjiniyela, yathola ukuthi yiziphi izinzuzo nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene ezazikhona, futhi zafunda ukuthi zingathola kanjani inani eliphakeme lezithelo ezinomsoco, ezinempilo nezinkulu kusayithi.
