Ehlobo yisikhathi sokuvuna kanye nezipho eziphanayo zemvelo. Ngalesi sikhathi sizama ukujabulela ukunambitheka okukhulu kwezithelo. Futhi uma bekhulile ngezandla zabo, injabulo ikhula kaningi. Ngakho-ke, abalimi bazama ukuletha izinhlobo ezingenakuzithoba nangenzuzo. Futhi esinye sezipho ezinjalo kubalimi kwakuyizinhlobonhlobo zamapheya "Alenushka" ("Thumbelina"), incazelo esiphila kuyo.
Ukuzala
Iphakathi kwe "Thumbelina" - ukudala abakhiqizi baseRussia. Itholakale esikhungweni esihamba phambili sokucwaninga saseRussia ngokuwela inombolo ye-hybride ehamba phambili ("Bere ebusika Michurina") ngezinhlobonhlobo eziseningizimu ("Forest Beauty", "Josephine Mechelnskaya", "Triumph Zhoduani", "Anjou Beauty", "Duchesse Angouleme", " Winter Dean "," Ukwelashwa "," Saint-Germain "). Ukhokhelwe iphrojekthi Yu.A. I-Petrov ne-N.V. Yefimov.
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engu-90, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zahanjiswa ukuhlolwa kwesimo sezwe, emva kwalokho kwanconywa ukuba zikhule eMoscow nasezindaweni eziseduze nasezindaweni eziphambili zaseRussia.
Igama lezinhlobonhlobo lalibangelwa usayizi omncane wesithelo nomuthi uqobo. 
Uyazi? Ngekhulu le-17, isithelo sepey saziwa ngokuthi isithelo samafutha ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esithambile.
Incazelo kanye nezici ezihlukile ezihlukahlukene
Abamele noma yiliphi isiko bafana nomunye futhi abantu abangabazi babonakala befana. Kodwa empeleni, izinhlobo zinehlukile.
Izinkuni
Iphakathi kwe "Thumbelina" - i-low low (kuze kube yi-1.5 metre) isihlahla esinqunyiwe esincane, esinesisindo, esincane.
Amagatsha ayinombala obomvu obukhulu, asuke esihlahleni esinqunyiwe.
Amahlamvu asayizi ngobukhulu, abushelelezi, aphethwe ngamaphethelo aphethwe kancane kancane. Ngentwasahlobo, izimbali zomsundu ezinezimbali ezincane ezimhlophe ze-snow-white.
Izihlahla ziqala ukuthela izithelo kuphela iminyaka engu-6-8. 
Izithelo
Izithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo ziyingcosana - ngokwesilinganiso esingu-50-60 g. Ngesikhathi samapheya okuvuthwa abe yi-yellow yellow, ingxenye enkulu yomhlaba iyingxenye ebomvu elibomvu elibomvu.
Isikhumba sosawoti obuvuthiwe sincane, sibushelelezi, sinezinto ezincane ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo.
Sikukwazisa ukuba ujwayele izinhlobo ezinjalo zamapheya njenge: "Ukuthambekela", "i-Rossoshanskaya dessert", "i-Century", "i-pear yaseChina", "i-Krasulya", i- "Bergamot", "i-Just Maria", i- "Elena", i- "Forest Beauty", "i-Nika "," Inkumbulo Yakovlev "," Izingane "," Avgustovskaya dew "," Chizhovskaya "," Ussuriyskaya "," Veles "," Talgar beauty "," Rogneda "ne" Otradnenskaya ".
Ngokuba ugaxa lwezithelo ezivuthiwe lubonakala ngezinkomba ezifana nalezi:
- i-juiciness;
- ithenda;
- iphunga elimnandi;
- ukukhanya okulula;
- umbala okhilimu ukhilimu.
Izithelo ezivuthiwe zohlobo lwe-dessert, zinambitheka ngendlela enhle kakhulu, ngaphandle kwe-acidity ecacile.Kubalulekile! Amapheya "Thumbelina" athole ubumnandi ngisho nangesikhathi sezulu, ehlobo epholile.
Emva kokuvuna amapheya angagcinwa ngokwesilinganiso inyanga nengxenye. Kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka, izithelo zigcina ukubukeka kwazo esiqandisini, emiphongolweni noma kwenye indawo epholile izinsuku ezingu-113, isb. Ungadla izithelo zamanzi kuze kube maphakathi noJanuwari.
Mayelana nokuvuthwa kwekhasi "Thumbelina" kubhekisela phakathi nonyaka-isitshalo sisuswa ekwindla ngo-Septhemba. Ngalesi sikhathi, bahamba kalula emagatsheni baze baqale nokuqhuma.
Ukuvunwa kuvamile, kepha njalo-njalo, izihlahla ezindala zikhiqiza abalinganiselwa abangu-172-175 ngehektha ngalinye.
Uyazi? ERussia, leli peyari lalibizwa ngokuthi "ikhasi". Izazi-mlando ziphakamisa ukuthi leli gama lavela ngenxa ye-crunch ephawulekayo lapho izithelo zishaya.
Indlela yokukhetha izithombo
Ukuze umuthi ubambe kahle, kubalulekile ukuba ukwazi ukukhetha izibonelo zokutshala okufanele. Kwenze kangcono ezitolo ezikhethekile noma ezitolo. Kumele kube izithombo eyodwa noma ezimbili ezindala ezinezimpande ezithuthukile. Kudingeka futhi uqaphele ingxenye engenhla: kufanele ibe yinkimbinkimbi, ngaphandle kokulimala okubonakalayo. Uma kukhona amaqabunga esihlahla, kudingeka asuswe, ngoba bayasheshisa inqubo yokumisa yesitshalo.
Amagxolo embewu kufanele abe abushelelezi futhi abambelele. Ibhakede elinyanyisiwe lithi imbewu isivele isomile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kube namagatsha angu-4-5 esiqwini.
Ukukhetha indawo kusayithi
I-pear ikhula kuphela enhlabathini evundile, evulekile nephansi komhlaba. I-acidity enhle ayithathi hlangothi. Ukwengeza, indawo okuhlelwe ngayo ukuba ikhule idayari kufanele ilanga futhi ivikelwe emoyeni.
Kubalulekile! Empofu, nge-asidi ephezulu nenhlabathi emanzi, i-pear kunzima ukuzivumelanisa futhi ngokuvamile inqaba ukuthela izithelo.
Njengoba ithanga elilodwa elithi "Thumbelina" lizikhiqiza, lidinga impova - ezinye izinhlobo zezihlahla eziphakathi kwamatshe.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela ngaphambi kokufika
Isakhiwo ohlela ukutshala i-pear, sihlanza emhlathini bese umba.
Ukutshala izithombo ukulungisa izimbobo 80 cm ejulile futhi mayelana nemitha ububanzi. Ukubuyela emuva ku-30 cm ukusuka phakathi, isigxobo siqhutshelwa emgodini, okuzobe sisekela lesi sihlahla futhi sivumele ukuba sikhule kahle.
Emgodini ngamunye wenza ingxube yenani elincane lomhlaba, u-8-10 kg we-compost noma umquba obolile, i-superphosphate (50 g), i-potash usawoti (30 g). 
Inqubo ngesinyathelo-sinyathelo sokutshala izithombo
Izithombo zihlwanyelwe ekwindla, futhi zingcono entwasahlobo, khona-ke uhlelo lwempande luyoba nesikhathi sokuthatha uphinde luzuze amandla ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibanda. Uma ukutshala kwenziwa ekwindla, ama-cuttings atshalwe ukuze adlulise iqhwa, elimbozwe ngokuphelele ngekhanda leqhwa.
Ngakho-ke, inqubo yokutshala ayiyona inkimbinkimbi: ukusika kufakwe emgodini olungiselelwe futhi umhlabathi wengezwa lapho, njalo ugoqa isithombo ngokwawo.
Intamo yase-basal emva kokutshala kumele ikhule ngo-6-8 cm ngaphezu komhlabathi. Ngemuva kwaloko, umhlaba usinyathelwe kakhulu futhi uphuziswa ngamabhakede amabili amanzi.
I-trunk yomuthi iboshelwe isikhonkwane futhi ekugcineni igubha inhlabathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kudingekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-mulch ayithinti i-trunk yomuthi. Uma kunezihlahla eziningana ezitshaliwe, ibanga eliphakathi kwezithombo kufanele libe njalo ukuthi izihlahla ezikhulile aziphazamisi izinqubo zemifino zomunye nomunye. Njengomthetho, ibanga lilingana nenani lezihlahla ezivuthiwe, kodwa kumele okungenani kube ngamamitha amane.
Uyazi? Ngaphambi kokuba ugwayi ufike eYurophu, amaqabunga omisiwe aqoshiwe aphefumula lapho.
Izici zokunakekelwa kwonyaka
Ukuze i-pear ibe nempilo futhi ijabule ngomkhiqizo wayo iminyaka eminingi, kubalulekile ukunamathela eminye imithetho futhi wenze izinyathelo ezilula zokuzinakekela.
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi
Ukukhetha indawo efanele, yiqiniso, kuyisici esibalulekile, kodwa kunakekelwa okunye kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi:
- Umhlaba ozungeza umuthi kufanele uhlale ukhululekile (ukhululeke ekujuleni kuka-10 cm).
- Kudingeka ukuphuza umuthi njalo. Norm - 2-3 amabhakede ngesikwele esingu-1. indawo yemitha. Kulezi zihlahla ezincane, izinga lokuphuza ibhakede elilodwa.
- Yiqiniso, izwe akufanele liqukathe ukhula.
- Ukuze uvikele isitshalo emhlathini futhi ulondoloze umswakama, inhlabathi idinga ukuhlanganiswa. I-peat, umquba, kanye nomquba zihle kakhulu njenge-mulch. Isendlalelo esihle sokugqoka singu-6-8 cm.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukuvuna isivuno esihle, inhlabathi kumele ikhule. Kulokhu, iminyaka engu-4 yokuqala izikhathi eziningana ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka ezine-nitrojene (supplements, urea, droppings, saltpeter) zifakwa emhlabathini.
Kubalulekile! I-nitroammofosk, eyethulwa enhlabathini entwasahlobo, izosiza ukuvuselela izinqubo zemifino.
NgoJulayi, lesi sitshalo singadliwa nge-phosphorus ne-potassium ngokusebenzisa indlela ye-foliar.
Ebusika, leli peyari liphinde lidingeke likhule. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ingxube ye-potassium chloride (i-1 tbsp. Isipuni) ne-superphosphate ezinama-granular (2 tbsp. Amapuni), ahlanjululwe ngamalitha ayishumi amanzi.
Kusukela ngonyaka wesihlanu wokuphila komuthi, ama-fertilizer ahlanganiswa emiphongolweni ngokukhethekile agubha nxazonke zomqhele. 
Ukwelashwa okuvimbelayo
Yize lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana nokutheleleka nokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane, kusadingeka ukuba kwenziwe ngaphandle kokwelapha izihlahla. Sebenza ekuvimbeleni izifo entwasahlobo. Lokhu kusiza kahle:
- "Isidakamizwa-30" (siphathwe ngokushesha ngemuva kweqhwa);
- "Atom";
- "Ubhontshisi";
- I-Zolon;
- "Ukufika";
- "Terradim".
Ukudubula
Ukuze kugcinwe impilo kanye ne-fruiting eliphakathi kwe-"Thumbelina" kufanele ihlungwe njalo. Ukususwa okwesikhashana kwamagatsha angaphezu kwamandla kuzokuvumela ukuba udale isifuba esingapheli se-trunk esakwazi ukumelana nokuvuna okucebile.
Kudingekile ukusika nokunciphisa ipeyari ngesikhathi sokuphumula, amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi ekhulayo noma ekwindla, emva kokuvuna. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iziguli kanye namagatsha asomile bayanqunywa futhi baqothule umqhele.
Izigaba ezinqunywe ngemuva kwenqubo yokuqotshwa ziphathwa ngelahle elichotshoziwe noma izinga lokulima. 
Ukuvikelwa emakhazeni namakhaza
Iphakathi kwe "Thumbelina" ibonakala ngezici ezifana nobunzima bebusika. Izihlahla zibekezelela ngisho nobusika obukhulu kakhulu ngeqhwa phansi -38 ºC. Spring amaqhwa emva kokuncibilika futhi angasongeli le peari (ibekezelela -25 ºC).
Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umuthi ubekezelela kangakanani amakhaza, kungcono ukumboza ekwindla ngempahla ezosindisa kokubili amagundane nesithwathwa. Amagatsha okusajingijolo, ama-hawthorn, umjunipha kanye namagatsha ase-spruce ase-fir asetshenziswa njengendawo yokuhlala. Kuhle ukuvikela isiqu somhlanga noma i-sunflower.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphansi kwegumbi lokukhosela lemvelo ngesikhathi sokudonsa ngeke kusetshenziswe phansi.
Ukufakela izihlahla ngaphambi kokufika kwama-frosts okuqala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, indawo engezansi ye-trunk nayo iyakunakekelwa, ngokufaka ikhanda phezulu entanyeni. Baphola isihlahla esizungeze isiqu, bebeka indaba engaphansi kwezinga lomhlabathi bese behlehlisa emaphethelweni emaphethelweni. Uma isetshenzisiwe, ihlelwe phansi ngezinaliti.
Izinto zokugqoka noma ukuphahla zizwa zingasetshenziswa. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo i-trunk isongwe ngaphambili nge-hessian noma enye impahla ephefumulayo. 
Esikhuselweni sasekuseni sisusiwe.
Njengoba ubona, ukuze ujabulele amapheya amnandi asuka ensimini yakho awudingi ulwazi lwe-encyclopedic nolwazi. "I-Thumbelina" ayinakuzithoba kangangokuthi phakathi neminyaka iyojabulisa ama-Hosts ngokuvuna kwayo.
