Ukhukhamba, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ujwayele futhi ujwayelene kangakanani, basuke beyiziko ezingenakuqhathaniswa: kulula ukutshala, kodwa kunzima ukusindisa uma kuqala ukuphumula nokume.
Izakhamuzi eziningi zasehlobo ziye zabona izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ukuthi izihlahla eziluhlaza eziluhlaza, ezigcwele izimbali eziningi nama-ovarie, ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje ziphenduka imivimbo embi ephuzi.
Yingakho kuncike ekutheni izitshalo zilungiselelwe kangakanani, yikuphi isivuno ongayethemba ngesikhathi sonyaka.
Nini ukuqala?
Ngokuqondene nezithombo zekhukhamba, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziqine kakhulu. Abanye abantu bakhetha ukungabandakanyeki emsebenzini owengeziwe futhi bahlwanyele imbewu ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile.
Isizathu sengqondo esinjalo "sokunganaki" semifino silula: imbewu yayo ikhula ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ikhule, ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini zokuqala, phambi kwamehlo ethu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunzima kakhulu ukutshala isihlahla esikhulu, esikhuphuka ebhodweni kuze kube semhlabathini, futhi kunzima kakhulu isiko ukukhuthazelela ukucindezeleka okunjalo.
Abanye abalimi abangenalwazi, ngokuphambene nalokho, bazama ukutshala ukhukhamba ngezithombo ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho behlwanyela utamatisi, amaqabunga, i-pepper, iklabishi, njll, okungukuthi, ngoFebhuwari-Mashi. Ngenxa yalokho, banenkinga echazwe ngenhla.
Kubalulekile! Kungcono ukutshala izithombo zekhukhamba cishe emasontweni amathathu kuya kwamasonto amane ngaphambi kokutshala okulindelekile emhlabathini ovulekile, ngoba lezi zitshalo zakhiwa ngokushesha kakhulu kunezinye izitshalo eziningi.
Imbewu yokutshala ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile inezinselelo ezimbili ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, ngaleyo ndlela ulahlekelwa amasonto ambalwa amagugu lapho isivuno sokuqala sinesifiso esihle kunazo zonke: emifino ye-bazaar isabizayo, futhi usuvele unethuba lokudla izithelo zakho.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvamile zonke izifo nezinye izinkinga ziqala ukwenzeka nabakhileyo emibhedeni phakathi nehlobo, lapho kufika izinsuku ezinomile ngempela.
Ngakho-ke, ngoJuni, yisikhathi lapho kukhona khona amathuba okukhipha ukhukhamba amancane namnandi amahlumela, futhi ngenxa yalokho, lapha nsuku zonke kuwufanele isisindo salo ngegolide.
Thola ukuthi nini isikhathi esihle sokutshala ama-eggplants, pepper, ukhukhamba wezithombo.Okwesibili, ngokutshala izithombo embhedeni, usuvele ubona ukuthi zingaki ezihlahleni ozikhulisile, futhi ungakwazi ukusabalalisa ebangeni elilinganayo komunye nomunye, kanti, ukuhlwanyela imbewu, ungasondela kakhulu komunye nomunye, okwamanje udinga ukuhlala, noma, ngokuphambene, ulahlekelwe indawo ngenxa ye "izimbobo" ezakhiwe ezindaweni ezingenakukhula.
Izimo zezithombo
Yiqiniso, akwanele ukwazi ukuthi uzoqala nini ukutshala izithombo zekhukhamba, usadinga ukudala izimo ezinhle zokukhula nentuthuko. Lemibandela ngokuyinhloko ihlanganisa ukukhanya, izinga lokushisa, umswakama futhi, nhlobo, inhlabathi efanele.
Uyazi? Izwe lekhukhamba yi-India, noma kunalokho, ama-tropics aseNdiya, futhi kusukela kulokhu kulandela ukuthi isiko sithanda izinto ezintathu-ukukhanya, ukushisa nomswakama.
Imodi yokukhanya
Ikhukhamba ihlumela ukuthuthukiswa okulungile idinga ukukhanya okuningi. Cabanga kusengaphambili lapho ungafaka khona amabhokisi ngezithombo ukudala izimo ezifanele kubo. 
Kuhlanganiswa amahlathi aqinile, uma nje ekhanyiswa ilanga okungenani ama-10, futhi angcono - wonke amahora angu-12 ngosuku.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, maphakathi no-Ephreli, lapho umsebenzi oqalayo uqala, amahora okukhanya kwemini asele asele eside kakhulu, futhi ngalokhu, ukhukhamba udala izinkinga ezincane kune-nightshade yabo.
Kodwa uma entwasahlobo ifufusa, noma efulethini lakho, akusikho indawo ekhanyayo (izinkinga ezinzima nalokhu zingahle zithole izakhamuzi ezisezingeni elingaphansi kwezakhiwo ezindala ezikhuphuka phezulu lapho izitshalo zihlanganisa amahlathi aphezulu), izithombo kuzodingeka zilungiswe kahle.
Kubalulekile! Izibani ze-Neon noma i-krypton (amashumi angamashumi amabili noma amane) zisetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa izithombo. Ziningi ngokwezomnotho, ngaphezu kwalokho, zingafakwa ezindaweni eziseduze zezitshalo ngaphandle kokufaka amahlamvu amancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, namuhla ngokudayiswa yi-LED fitolampy ekhethekile yezithombo kuzo zonke ukunambitheka.
Yiqiniso, akudingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukugqamisa izithombo, kodwa kuphela ngezinsuku ezinamafu noma amahora. Ukuthi amahlumela awunayo ukukhanya okwanele angagwetshwa ngokubukeka kwawo - izitshalo ezinjalo zihamba phezulu futhi zibe neziqu ezincane futhi ezibuthakathaka, ngenkathi ukhukhamba ezikhanyisiwe zibukeka ziphilile futhi zijabule "ziqinile". 
Ukushisa nomswakama
Ukuze ukhule izithombo zekhukhamba ekhaya, kuzomele uzame ukudala ukushisa okukhulu.
Lezi zitshalo ziyakuthanda ukushisa, kepha ukugqithisa kwayo, ikakhulukazi ezimweni eziphansi, kuholela ekutheni izithombo zibuthakathaka futhi zinyanyeke.
Kubalulekile! Umfudumala ekamelweni, ngokushesha amahlumela azovela, kepha njengomthetho, asikho isidingo sokusheshisa ukhukhamba, ngoba lesi siko sikhule kakade.
Ngaphambi kokuba kuvele amaqabunga e-cotyledon wokuqala, amabhokisi anezimbewu angagcinwa afudumele kuze kufike ku-+30 ° C, kodwa uma amahlumela avela phezulu, izinga lokushisa kufanele linciphise kakhulu. 
Izimo ezizwakalayo zokukhula zikhona + 19-22 ° C phakathi nosuku (uma usuku lugcwele, kodwa izinga lokushisa aliwa ngaphansi kwama-degree angu-19, lokhu kuyamukeleka ngokuphelele) no-15-17 degrees of heat ebusuku. Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, izitshalo ngeke ziphile futhi ziqinile.
Kubalulekile! Uma ungasebenzisi i-greenhouse ngamakhukhamba akhula, kungcono ukukhulisa izithombo ngesikhathi sokushisa okuhambisana namanani aphansi ebangeni elibekiwe, ngoba lezi zitshalo kufanele zilungele ukulungiselela izimo ezinzima kakhulu.
Ukwenyuka kwezidingo zomswakama kuyisinye isici sezinkamba zekhukhamba. Uma izithombo zezitshalo eziningi zithuthuka kahle uma umswakama ungama-60-70%, ukhukhamba idinga umoya omningi womswakama - 70-80%.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma umoya unomswakama, izithombo zizobe zihlwitha kakhulu, ngeke zikwazi ukulwa nezinsuku zasehlobo ezomile; Umswakama ongenele unomthelela omubi ngesilinganiso sokuvuthwa kwesivuno, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngobuningi bawo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuntuleka komswakama, izithombo zingabuna ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile. 
Ground
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zenhlabathi ezingasetshenziswa ekukhuleni izithombo zekhukhamba.
Indlela elula kakhulu ukuthenga ingxube eyenziwe ngomumo wamakhukhamba (athengiswa ngaphansi kwamagama ahlukene: "Isigadi", "Isigadi", "Flora", "Sturdy", kanye "Nomhlaba okhethekile wendawo 2"), wanezela kuwo ukuthuthukiswa kwe-sawdust yemiphumela ngesamba esilingana nomthamo wenhlabathi, kanye ne-biohumus ngenani lesigamu sale ncwadi.
Ungalungisa inhlabathi ukuxuba wena, kodwa lokhu kuzodinga umhlabathi we-turf.
Uyazi? I-Sodland ayiyona nje inhlabathi ekhishwe endaweni ethile eduze kwehlathi. Le nhlabathi evundile ngempela, hhayi ngaphansi kwekhwalithi kumquba. Kodwa uyakwazi pheka ngokwakho uma uneminyaka emithathu ushiywe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thola imifino endala enomhlabathi onobuhle obuhlaza, unqume u-10 cm wezingqimba eziphezulu zenhlabathi, uyishintshe emigqeni ("utshani obunotshani"), ubeke umquba zonke izingqimba ezimbili, ufafaze umlotha, amanzi onke ehlobo (okungcono ngamanzi omquba) bese ubumba, ukumboza ebusika ngotshani. Ngonyaka olandelayo, phinda inqubo, futhi kuphela ngemva konyaka izwe elinjalo lingasetshenziswa.Ngakho-ke, ukulungiselela ingxube yomhlabathi, ngaphezu kwezwe le-sod, uzodinga: i-peat ehlanjululweyo kanye ne-humus - ezinxenyeni ezilinganayo nomhlabathi, isihlabathi somfula noma i-sawdust ephuthiwe - 1/3 yenani lomhlabathi.
Uma i-sawdust intsha, kufanele iqale ngokugcwele ngamanzi abilayo, ngoba asidingi i-resin equkethwe kuwo nhlobo.
Ngendlela, namanje akunconywa ukuhambisa umxube olungiselelwe kakade, njengabalimi abathile, ngoba inhlabathi iqukethe i-microflora yayo, okudingekayo izitshalo kanye nezinye izilwane eziphilayo.
Ngaphandle kwalezi zingxenye, uhlaka lwamapulangwe lufakwe engxenyeni (cishe ingilazi yama-10 amalitha), i-pinch of urea, nezinsipho ezimbili ze-nitrophoska noma i-superphosphate.
Ukulungiselela imbewu nokuhlwanyela
Imbewu yekhukhamba iyisitolo esiphezulu sezimfihlo kanye nobuqili. Okokuqala, lezi zimbewu zingagcinwa iminyaka engaba yishumi (uma zingapheli ngaphezu kwama-degrees Celsius angu-15 futhi zigcine umswakama ngo-50-60%), kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi isivuno sokuhlwanyela phakathi kwazo zonke eziyishumi iminyaka izoba efanayo. 
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulokhu, "ifomu elisha" lingasebenzi nhlobo.
Uyazi? Imbewu emisha, eqoqwe ngonyaka odlule, ikhula kahle futhi idale inqwaba yezimbali, kodwa inkathazo ukuthi iningi lalezi zimbali zenzelwe amadoda, ama-ovari akwenzi kuwo, futhi, ngokwezivuno, akuzona neze ezithakazelisayo. Isivuno esihle siboniswa imbewu ngonyaka wesithathu noma wesine wokugcina. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma ebusika imbewu igcinwa efudumele ngomoya omile, izitshalo ezivela kubo azikhuli phezulu, kodwa zinikeza inani elikhulu lama-ovarie, kuyilapho imbewu egcinwe emakhazeni emanzini aphezulu enza amahlumela amakhulu kakhulu, kodwa ayibophekile kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, sakhetha imbewu enhle ngokwemibandela nemibandela yokugcina, futhi manje ake siqale ukuwalungiselela. Okokuqala, kunconywa ukufudumala imbewu.
Kunezinketho eziningi lapha. Ungamane ushiye imvilophu enezinhlamvu ebhethri noma kwenye indawo eduze komunye umthombo wokushisa (isibonelo, eduze nesitofu, uma upheka ngokuvamile) ngezinsuku ezimbalwa. 
Ukuze imbewu igcinwe ebanda, le nqubo iyadingeka nakakhulu. Enye indlela - isheshayo. Amahora ambalwa nje akwanele ukugoba imbewu emanzini ashisayo (ukuze ingapholile, ungasebenzisa i-thermos).
Ukufutheka ngale ndlela, imbewu ihluma ngokushesha futhi ingcono futhi ibonise ukukhiqiza okuphakeme.
Manje sekuyisikhathi sokulahla izinto "ezifile". Imbewu ifakwa emanzini noma ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka sejwayelekile etafuleni usawoti, balinde imizuzu embalwa bese bephonsa yonke imbewu engazange ifike phansi - ngeke ihlume.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene zama ukhukhamba zihlanganisa: "Spring", "Merengue", "Festoon yaseSiberia", "Hector F1", "Amacici Emerald", "uCrispina F1", "Taganay", "Palchik", "Colonel Real", "Masha f1 ".Izinto ezivivinywe emva kwe-brine kufanele zihlanzwe kahle futhi zihlweliswe nge-disinfected.
Ngenxa yalezi zinhloso, imbewu isetshenziselwa isigamu sehora ibe yisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate, i-garlic brew noma usuku - ibe yi-aloe vera juice (kufanele uqale ubambe amaqabunga anqunywe esitshalweni izinsuku ezinhlanu ebumnyameni ekamelweni lokushisa, futhi emva kwalokho uma ucindezela ijusi). 
Ngemuva kokugqoka okunjalo, imbewu kumele ihlanzwe futhi yomiswe. Kodwa akusikho konke.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhluma, imbewu yekhukhamba inconywa ukuba igwebe amahora angu-10-12 kwisithuthukisi sokukhula (ithengiswa ezindaweni ezikhethekile ezitolo ezikhethekile).
Ungasebenzisa ukumnika okwenziwe ngamapulangwe ngenhloso efanayo (isipuni esingu-1 ilitha ngalinye lamanzi, shiya amahora angu-24, bese uhamba).
Ukhetho oluqedile - amanzi alula, kangcono kuncibilika. Umshini wokugcoba kufanele ube ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa ekamelweni - cishe ama-degrees angu-28.
Awukwazi ukugijimela ekuqedeni kokungena, kuze kube yilapho inzalo "isihogo": esiceleni sayo sibonakala sincane kakhulu, bese uthanda insimu encane emhlophe.
Kulesi simo, ungabona ukuthi iyiphi imbewu ezohluma, kepha kubalulekile ukuthi ungabambezeli ukutshala ukuze ungabhubhisi amagciwane.
Ukwenza umphumela ube ngcono nakakhulu, ikakhulukazi abalimi abanomdlandla basula imbewu esivele ihamba phambili, ibafaka egayini elimanzi futhi ebeka emhalafini ophansi wesiqandisini izinsuku ezimbalwa. 
Futhi, ekugcineni, "i-chic" ekhethekile ukuhlela imbewu ehlukile yezinhlamvu, ngokungafani ukubeka esiqandisini amahora amaningana futhi ukukhipha ekamelweni.
Ngendlela, kuwuqandisini ukuthi kufanele ugcine imbewu ye-sunflower ukuze uwagcine "ugcinwe" izinsuku ezimbalwa, uma ngesizathu esithile awukwazi ukuqala ukutshala okwamanje (isibonelo, udinga ukuhlehlisa inqubo kuze kube sempelasonto).
Futhi manje, ekugcineni, ngoba ukutshala izithombo konke kulungele. Khetha usuku uma usendaweni futhi ungasheshi noma kuphi, futhi uqhubeke.
Okokuqala, iziqukathi ezilungiselelwe kufanele zigcwale inhlanganisela yenhlabathi elungiselelwe kusengaphambili futhi kufanele iphuze kahle ngamanzi ashisayo (hhayi amanzi abilayo, kodwa ngokushisa okushisayo, cishe ama-degree angama-70) - lokhu kuzokwenza inhlabathi ingenelele ngokungahlwithwanga.
Lindela imizuzu embalwa ngaphambi kokutshala ukuze inhlabathi inesikhathi sokupholisa kancane.
Uma imbewu idlulile zonke izigaba ezidingekayo zokulungiselela, imbewu eyodwa ingatshala ekomishini ngayinye, ngoba sesiqiniseke ngokuhluma kwayo. Uma ungazange ulinde ukukhwaza, ungatshala ezimbili, kepha lokhu kungakalungi ngoba ukhukhamba unesimiso esibi kakhulu, futhi uzama ukuhlukanisa izitshalo komunye nomunye ngemva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo esilandelayo, ubungozi obungenakuqhathaniswa kubo.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, uma uhlwanyela imbewu emibili ebhodweni elilodwa, obuthakathaka kumele kususwe ngokushesha emva kokuvela; ngaphandle kwalokho, esikhundleni sekhukhamba eyodwa ephakeme kakhulu, uzothola ababili abagulayo nababuthakathaka, noma balahlekelwe kokubili.
Kulesi simo, igama elithi "susa" kufanele liqondwe ukuthi lingagqithwanga yizimpande - lokhu kuphela kwanele ukuphazamisa igciwane elisele kuleli tangi - unqume isithombo "esingeziwe" esisezingeni elingaphansi ngamakhasi omuntu, ukuwunqanda amathuba okuphila.
Kubalulekile! Ngisho noma izitshalo ezihlukanisiwe zingapheli ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha, zikhiqiza isitshalo esibi kakhulu, ngakho ukulondoloza akufanelekile lapha.
Ngenxa yesimiso sezinto ezibuthakathaka, umthamo omuhle wezithombo zekhukhamba yi-peat izindebe, Kodwa-ke, uma ukwazi ukuwela izitshalo ngaphandle kokulimaza igumbi lobumba, ungasebenzisa amakhadibhodi avamile noma amapulasitiki. 
Ngendlela, uma uzwela ngemali kwizimbiza ze-peat, kodwa awuqiniseki ngeziqu zakho, ungasebenzisa "indlela kagogo": yenza isikhwama esivela ephephandabeni elivamile bese ulibeka engilazi elungele ukuzinza.
Gcwalisa itanki ngomhlaba, utshale imbewu, uyinakekele njengenjwayelo, futhi ngaphambi kokutshala embhedeni wensimu, ususe ngokucophelela ihlumela kanye nephephandaba, ulibeke emgodini, ufeze phansi emaceleni nangaphezulu.
Endleleni yokuphuza leli phephandaba lizoxwaba futhi liceke, futhi ukhukhamba luyokwazi ukugxila kalula ephepheni elinjalo elithambile.
Emgodini olungiselelwe, i-toothpick noma enye into eyenziwe nge-1.5-2 cm indentation, inzalo ehlumekile ifakwa kuyo ngokucophelela, emva kwalokho umhlaba uphonswa phezu kwayo njengobumnene.
Uma wesaba ukulimaza umgogodla, ungawubeka phansi, futhi uchithe ngokucophelela ungqimba oludingekayo lwenhlabathi encane emanzini avela phezulu.
Kubalulekile! Ezinye izakhamuzi zasehlobo ezinomusa zincoma ukunciphisa izinhlangothi zezimbiza ngezimboni zesikhathi esizayo nge-oattment ophazamisayo ohlobo lwama-"Asterisks" ukuze lusabe izinambuzane, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo izilwane ezifuywayo ezilukhuni.
Izimbiza zifakwa ezindaweni ezifudumele, futhi emva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala ngaphezulu komhlaba, izinga lokushisa, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, liyancipha libe yi-23-25 degrees Celsius. Ukunakekelwa kwehlumela
Emva kokutshala futhi phakathi kwamasonto okuqala, izithombo akufanele ziphuze, ngaphandle kwalokho imbewu encane kakhulu ingawela ngokujulile futhi ingahlumi.
Ukuze inhlabathi ingabe iyomile, itholakala kuphela kumshini wokufafaza, kuyilapho kudingekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi afudumele.
Kuhle ngaphambi kokuba amahlumela avele ukuze aqine ibhokisi enezimbiza ezifakwe kuwo ngefilimu, ngaleyo ndlela idale ukushisa okuncane okuthuthukisiwe, kepha kulokhu ifilimu idinga ukususwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze inhlabathi ngaphansi kwayo ikwazi "ukuphefumula", ngoba ukhukhamba ibaluleke kakhulu.
Sisho kakade ukuthi imbewu yekhukhamba ihluma ngokushesha kakhulu. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa lokhu kwenzeka, kuxhomeke ekushiseni kwangaphandle nokuthi ngabe imbewu ihlume ngaphambi kokutshala.
Uma umoya uvutha emazingeni angu-25-28, i-cotyledon eshiya imbewu ehlwanyelwe ibonakala phezulu phakathi kwezinsuku ezintathu, imbewu ekulungele ukushisa kanye nokushisa okuphansi kunganciphisa le nqubo kabili, noma ngisho kathathu. 
Manje susa ifilimu (uma i-taut) bese uqala ukulungiselela amakhukhamba esizayo "wokuphila okuzimele." Into yokuqala okumele ukhathazeke ngayo ukuthi izithombo aziqali ukudonsa phezulu.
Ngalolu daba, nje ngezinsuku ezimbalwa siyifaka endaweni ekhanyayo, kodwa epholile - ama-degree angu-17-19 emini kanye no-13-14 degrees ebusuku (ngo-Ephreli, ngalezi zinhloso, i-balcony yangaphakathi noma i-loggia kufanele ifaneleke ngokuphelele, kodwa khumbula ukuthi izithombo zidinga kakhulu inani lokukhanya).
Через пару дней внешнюю температуру следует поднять до оптимальной для выращивания огуречной рассады, о ней мы подробно говорили выше.
Ukuze ulawule izinga lokushisa, uma kungenakho i-loggia evaliwe, kunconywa ukuthi izithombo zihlukaniswe endaweni ephilayo nefilimu, futhi ngaphakathi kwaloluhlobo lwe-greenhouse, ukuvula nokuvala ifasitela, ukudala izinga lokushisa elifanele kakhulu.
Futhi futhi: ungakhohlwa ngokukhanyisa noma ukukhanyisa okufakelwayo! 
Uyazi? Ukufutheka okungajabulisi, okuvame ukuvela kwamakhukhamba, kunikeza isithelo into ebizwa ngokuthi i-cucurbitacin (kusuka kulokhu igama lesiNgisi lemifino ikhukhamba). Lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza i-cucurbitacin, sizivikela ezimo ezimbi - ukungabi nokukhanya okushisa, ukushisa okuphansi kakhulu, kufaka phakathi, indlela yokushisa, ukushisa kwamanzi okunisela, njll Kumele ngithi abalimi baseYurophu bakhiqize izinhlobo zemvelo lapho i-cucurbitacin ingakhulumi khona, kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi izitshalo ezinjalo azithandi ukukhanya, ukushisa kanye nomswakama olinganiselayo.
Ukunisela izithombo kungaqaliswa kuphela ngemuva kokuba amaqabunga okuqala e-cotyledon asungulwe ngokugcwele. Ukuze uvimbele i-leaching yezimpande, okokuqala kungcono ukusebenzisa isipuni.
Amanzi amaningi abandayo aphuza ukukhula kwesitshalo futhi angaholela ekufeni kwawo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuwushisa ube yizingcingo ezingaba ngu-30.
Kubalulekile! Amanzi angaphezu kwamakhukhamba amancane asuke engathandeki njengokumiswa.
Izithombo ezikhulayo kahle zakha iqabunga lokuqala lokugcina ngasekupheleni kwesonto lokuqala emva kokuhluma. 
Ama-ukhukhamba omdaka akufanele abe. Okokuqala, lezi zitshalo zinzima kakhulu ukubekezelela noma yikuphi ukufakelwa kwezitshalo, ngisho noma uchwepheshe ekushintsheni ngaphandle kokulimaza i-coma yobumba, inqubo ayisadluli ngaphandle kokucindezeleka kwesitshalo.
Funda ukuthi kungani kudingeka ukhethe isithombo, kanjani futhi nini ukuyiqhuba.Okwesibili, sitshele kakade ukuthi izithombo zakhiwa ngokushesha kakhulu, ngakho kufanele zitshalwe ngokushesha embizeni ehlukene yokwanda okwanele ukuba zifakelwe kanye kuphela - embhedeni (noma kubamba ukushisa).
Ngesikhathi esifushane sokwakheka kwesithombo, kufanele sondliwe okungenani kanye (uma umhlaba wokutshala awuzange ukhule ngokwanele noma isithombo sibheka ubuhlungu futhi sibuthakathaka, bese kungenjalo kungenakwanele).
Lokhu kuhle kwenziwe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokufika emhlabathini ovulekile, besebenzisa ama-fertilizer anamanzi anjenge-nitrophoska (i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, i-potassium) ngesilinganiso senxenye yesigamu sesisombululo ngasinye.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, ukhukhamba kufanele uphathwe izikhathi eziningana ngokumelene nezifo ze-fungal nezifo ezinambuzane kakade esiteji sezithombo ezikhulayo, futhi ngalezi zinhloso kungcono ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo ezingekho ezinobuthi, isibonelo, i-Rizoplan. 
Enye indlela yokuqinisa izithombo - ukukhula okuqhumayo okukhulayo (ngoba ukhukhamba umphumela omuhle ubonisa umkhiqizo wezinto eziphilayo "Epin").
Uma izithombo ziseduze nebhethri, kuyadingeka nokuba uvuse umoya omile njalo. Ngalesi sizathu, kunconywa ukuthi ubeke eduze kweso isitsha esikhulu samanzi eduze kwawo, bese ufaka ithawula emanzini ebhetri bese uqinisekisa ukuthi lihlala limanzi.
Uzoba nesithakazelo sokwazi ukwelapha ukhukhamba ezifweni nezilokazane.
Ukulimaza nokufika emhlabathini
Noma yiziphi izithombo ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile kumele zilungiselelwe izimo ezintsha - zikhuni. Ukhukhamba akuyona into ehlukile.
Okokuqala, kwanele ukuvula iwindi amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kwezithombo, futhi kamuva uqale ukuthwala izimbiza emoyeni ovulekile okwesikhashana, kancane kancane unciphise izikhathi.
Kungcono ukwenza lukhuni ezinsukwini ezinamafu noma ngemuva kwelanga elikhanyayo kakhulu, futhi ngeke usaphinde umboze i-balcony, ngaphandle kwalokho imisebe yayo izoshisa amaqabunga amancane.
Ukutshala ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa emva kokusungulwa kwamaqabunga amaqiniso amathathu kuya kwezinhlanu ezitshalweni. Ngokunakekelwa kahle kwalesi sigaba, izithombo zifinyelela cishe amasonto amane emva kokuhlwanyela noma kancane kancane. Kumelwe bahlale beqinile, benamahlumela amnyama namaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza kanye nezimpande ezimhlophe ezigcwalisa yonke ibhodlela.
Ukushisa kwe-air okuhle kwamakhukhamba kungukushisa okungaba ngu-18 emini kanye nobusuku obungaphansi kwama-15 degrees ebusuku.
Kubalulekile! Ukukhula kwamakhukhamba kwenziwa ngokuqondile ebusuku, ngakho-ke ngisho noma kushisa kakhulu emini, kodwa kubanda ebusuku, ukukhula kwezithombo kungayeka ngokuphelele, lesi sitshalo sizoqala ukugula futhi ngisho nokubeka ingozi ekufeni.
Uma ungaqageli ngezikhathi zokugcina, kanti namanje ubanda kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi, amakhukhamba aqala ukushintsha, okwakungavunyelwe, ngakho-ke qaphela!
Esimweni esinzima kakhulu, ukuze ungabhubhisi izitshalo, zitshale embhede wensimu, kodwa okokuqala uzimboze ngefilimu ukuze ugweme ukuqhwaza.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka
Kunezinkinga eziningi kakhulu ngamakhukhamba, izakhamuzi eziningi zehlobo azizami ukukhula lo mkhiqizo nhlobo. Ake sizame ukuhlala esiyinhloko.
Uma izithombo zidonsa, lokhu kungabonisa izinkinga ngemingcele emibili - ukukhanya noma ukushisa (noma kokubili, ngesikhathi esifanayo). 
Ngeshwa, ekhaya, ngokungafani nokugcina izithombo zokugcina, cishe akunakwenzeka ukudala izimo ezifanele ezi zitshalo ezingenakuqhathaniswa.
Ngenhla, sikhulume ngesidingo sokukhanyisa okwengeziwe, kodwa akusibo bonke abalimi abangakwazi ukukhokhela injabulo enjalo. Okungenani, kufanele uzame ukuqinisekisa ibanga eliphakathi kwebhodi elilodwa ukuze izitshalo zingabambisani.
Ngezinye izikhathi kunokwenzeka ukwengeza ukukhanya nge-system of side side izibuko ezifakwe ngqo kwifasiteleni.
Kubalulekile! Uma isimo sezulu singabonakali ilanga, kanti isiqu esineziqabunga ezimbili ze-cotyledon sesivele saqala ukwelula phezulu, zama ukusebenzisa isisindo ngezandla zakho futhi ubeke ngobumnene ngaphakathi ebhodweni, uma kunesidingo, uzungeze umhlaba, bese ufafaza umhlaba ukuze amaqabunga kuphela aphezulu. Masinyane uthele amanzi afudumele. Ngenxa yalesi senzo, isiqu ngaphansi komhlaba sizohluma, futhi kusukela phezulu kuyoba nenhlumela enamandla futhi eqinile.
Ukutshala akuzona izithombo eziqinile kakhulu okudingeka zifudumale enhlabathini ngokuyazi, futhi inhlabathi akufanele ibe yimanzi kakhulu. 
Enye inkinga ukuthi izithombo zekhukhamba zikhula ngokushesha kakhulu. Awusenayo isikhathi sokufika ezinyangeni zakho, futhi izimbali eziphuzi eziphuzi sezivele ziqhakaze ezimbizeni zakho.
Empeleni, akukho lutho olubulalayo kulokhu, kodwa uma lesi sitshalo sibuthakathaka, kuyoba nzima nakakhulu ukuba asinde ukufakelwa ngemuva kokuqala kwezimbali, ngakho-ke kungcono ukungabambezeli le nqubo.
Ku-pinch, kungcono ukususa izimbali ezimbalwa zokuqala ukuze isihlahla sigxile ekuqhumeni. Uzoqala ukuthela izithelo kamuva, kodwa ngeke agule, ngaphandle kwalokho akufanele uncike ekuvuneni okuhle esitshalweni esibuthakathaka noma kunjalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukhukhamba, njengoba sekushiwo kakade, idinga umoya omningi kakhulu kunezitshalo eziningi. Kodwa-ke, ngisho namaconsi amancane emaqabunga, kuhlanganise namazolo, cishe ebusuku angabulala isitshalo.
Eqinisweni, akusiwo amanzi ngokwawo okubhubhisa ikhukhamba, kodwa isikhumba se-powdery nezinye izifo ezifakwe emangcwabeni lapho amanzi emaqabunga khona izimo ezinhle kakhulu zokukhiqiza.
Ukuze ugweme izinkinga ezinjalo, amanzi amakhukhamba angcono ekuseni, okufanayo kusetshenziselwa ukuphefumula. 
Kubalulekile! Ngobusuku, amaqabunga ekhukhamba kufanele abe omile ngokuphelele.
Ukunisela amakhukhamba amancane kuyinto yobuciko bonke. Kumele kube njalo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kulinganise ukuze kuvinjelwe noma kungaphezu kokugubha noma ukuma.
Ukwandisa ukugcina ukukhanya nokushisa, ngezinye izikhathi ifilimu ekhethekile emnyama isetshenziswa, ifakwe ebusweni bombhede wensimu, futhi ukusika okwenziwe ngokuqondile kufakwe ngqo kuyo, lapho izithombo zitshalwe khona ezimbizeni (noma ngqo ezimbizeni uma zenziwa nge-peat noma iphephandaba).
Ngisho nokupholisa kancane kungabulala ngokuphelele izithombo ezinempilo neziqinile ngemva kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Umphumela ofanayo ungavela ngokumane nje umahluko omkhulu (ngaphezulu kuka-degrees) umehluko phakathi kwamazinga okushisa emini nasebusuku.
Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, njengoba sekushiwo kakade, kungcono ukumboza isitshalo nje uma kwenzeka. Noma kunjalo, ukutshala ukhukhamba kuyindaba ebucayi ngempela, kuqala, njengoba bethi, ngenzalo. 
Kodwa uma ungazinaki noma yiziphi izimo ezingenhla, imisebenzi yasentwasahlobo izovuzwa ngokuphindwe kabili, njengoba ilungisiwe, ihlelwe futhi isetshenziswe ngokushesha uma kunokwenzeka izinkinga, izithombo zidlulisela noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kangcono kunembewu ophonswe emhlabathini, okukhula ngokushesha. bayobhubha, bengabi nesikhathi sokuthokoza ngokuvuna okumnandi nokuvuthayo.
