I-Dodder yaseYurophu iyaziwa ngabalimi abaningi njengesitshalo se-parasitic. Lesi sitshalo siwukhula lwamahlathi futhi singalimaza izitshalo eziningi zezolimo (amakhabe, ifolishi, imifino kanye nezihlahla zezithelo). I-subspecies ye-weed yaseYurophu iyimmeleli ye-genus Dodder. Leli gciwane lihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-200 zezitshalo ezinamandla. Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngencazelo yemvelo yokhula, ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali, izakhiwo eziwusizo kanye nokuphikisana, kanye nendlela yokubhekana nesidakamizwa saseYurophu ensimini nasensimini.
Incazelo nesithombe
I-Dodder yaseYurophu noma i-kuskut iyi-plant herbaceous, i-liana yama-parasite. I-Kuskut ayinayo ngokuphelele i-chlorophyll nezimpande, amaqabunga ayo amancane kakhulu, afana nezilinganiso. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo, lesi sitshalo asikwazi ukuzimela ngokuzimela zonke izici ezibalulekile ezivela emhlabathini nasentshonalanga, ngakho-ke kufanele athole isitshalo sempi. Ifakwe ku-dodder eyamukelwa ngezindebe ezikhethekile zokuncelisa. Izitshalo ezihambayo zifinyelela ubude bamamitha angu-1, ngobubanzi buka-2.5 mm.
Ukhula alukwazi ukulimaza kuphela, kodwa futhi luzuzisa. Funda ngezakhiwo ezizuzisayo ze-milkweed, i-dodder, i-ambrosia, ihlwanyela i-thistle, i-pea yegundane, i-thistle amaranth, i-milk thistle, i-white marie, i-quinoa, utshani obolweni.Izimbali zokhula ziyingcosana, pink noma pink-white. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza ngokuvamile siwela ngoJuni-Agasti, isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo - ngoJuni-Septemba. Imbewu ye-Dodder incane, iluhlaza, inzima. Ebhokisini kunezinhlobo ezingu-4 zesimo se-oval noma nxazonke, ngezinye izikhathi - enqenqemeni elinephutha. Imbewu enjalo ngeke ikwazi ukuhluma ilanga eliqondile, njengoba lifana nobumnyama. Inkathi yokuhluma yabo inzima kakhulu, ngakho ukhula oluncane lungabonakala kuphela entwasahlobo ezayo.
Uyazi? Umsunguli wasePheresiya u-Avicenna ukhulume ngodokotela emibhalweni yakhe. Ngokusho kwakhe, le nhlumela iyakwazi ukuphatha isisu nokususa izinto ezidlulele emithanjeni yegazi.
Emkhakheni wezwe lakithi kunezinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo ze-Dodder yenhlobo. Ama-Herbalists ngokuvamile awahlukanisi; isibonelo, i-European dodder ivame ukudideka ne-thyme dodder. Ngetulu kwalokho, ngisho nezitshalo zobuchwepheshe bezinye izikhathi zithola kunzima ukuhlukanisa i-subspecies eyodwa kwesinye. Ukhula luvame ukuhluka ngobukhulu be-stalk, ukuma kwembali nombala, i-calyx kanye nokuma kwembewu, njll. Isibonelo, i-European dodder ine-stalk stalk kanye ne-inflorescences emikhulu kune-thyme dodder. 
Ukuhlolwa okwakamuva kwasosayensi kubonise ukuthi i-dodder iyakwazi "ukuhogela" ukuthatha indawo yesitshalo sempi. Kodwa akakwazi "ukuqonda" ukuthi isitshalo sitheleleke ngegciwane noma cha. Ngakho-ke, uma i-couscous ingena kumninimzi othintekayo yisifo, lesi sifo sizosakazeka ku-parasite. Cishe noma yiluphi uhlobo lwegciwane lungalondoloza ukuhlala kwalo emanzini noma amaqabunga okhula kwaphela izinyanga ezingu-4. Embewu enesifo, ama-virus ahlala cishe ngonyaka, futhi uma i-dodder ihluma futhi ifaka esitshalweni esithathiwe, isithinta ngokushesha.
Spread
I-European dodder isakazwa cishe yonke insimu yezwekazi laseYurophu, ingatholakala naseningizimukazi yase-Asia (izingxenye ezisenyakatho nendawo eziphakathi nesimo sezulu esiphezulu: iTurkey, iCaucasus, enyakatho yeChina, eMongolia, njll). Izwe elilodwa e-Afrika lapho ungabona khona utshani yi-Algeria. Kuleli zwe laseNyakatho Afrika, ukhula lubonakala emahlathini ashisayo, ezindaweni ezizintaba naseLwandle iMedithera.
EYurophu Ephakathi yindawo yokuhlala yemvelo ye-liana. Lapha itholakala e-Ukraine, eBelarus, engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia, ePoland, njll. Ezindaweni ezingasenyakatho, ukhula alukwazi ukukhula.
Kubalulekile! I-decoction ye-Cuscuit ikhombisa ukuphumelela okuphezulu ekwelapheni ukugeleza kokuya esikhathini esincane.
I-Dodder iphahlaza ezitshalweni eziningi ezincelisayo, okuyinto engaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyikhulu. Ukhula luyakwazi ukumboza izinambuzane, i-hemp, clover, currants, hops, izihlahla zezithelo, njll nge-plexus yayo. Emkhakheni wethu, kuskut kubonakala emahlathini, emasimini, emzimbeni wamanzi, emapaki nasezindaweni zemifino. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-dodder zingakwazi ukumboza imiqhele yezihlahla nokuzibhubhisa eminyakeni embalwa. 
Ukwenziwa kwamakhemikhali
Ekubunjweni kokhula kukhona izinto eziningi eziwusizo futhi ezingekho kakhulu zamakhemikhali. Ezinye zazo zibaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni izifo zesikhumba, isisu, amaphaphu, njll. Nokho, ama-saponin, ayimithi yamakhemikhali enobuthi, atholakala ku-dodder.
Amakhemikhali amakhulu amakhemikhali akha ikuskut:
- flavonoids (kaempferol, quercetin, njll);
- i-leukoantotsiny, i-phytosterol;
- i-polysaccharides, i-pentosan, i-flavones;
- I-Flabofenes, i-phenolcarboxylic acids kanye neziqhamo zawo (i-caffeic ne-chlorogenic acid, cuscutin);
- I-Quercetin, i-coumarins (umbelliferon, bergenin, njll);
- ama-carbohydrate, ushukela, njll.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo zokudoba
Emithi yesayense, le nokhula ayitholanga isicelo sayo. Ekuqaleni, kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, ukukhishwa kwawo kwakusetshenziswa njengamakhambi asekhaya. Esikhathini sangaphambili se-USSR, ukukhishwa kwe-cuscuta kungatholakala emashalofini ama-pharmacy, leso sidakamizwa sinomthelela omncane we-laxative. Ezweni lanamuhla, i-dodder isetshenziselwa imithi yomdabu emazweni amaningi. Imbewu, izimpande, iziqu kanye nezimbali ze-couscous zinempahla ewusizo.
Imbewu
Imbewu ye-Dodder inomphumela omuhle ohlelweni lwe-urogenital lwamadoda nabesifazane. Ngenxa yeminye imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali ekubunjweni, imbewu yalolu isithombo ingandisa ukwanda kwamadoda futhi kwandise i-tone muscle yesimiso sokuzala kwabesifazane. Ezinye zalezi zinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali ziyakwazi ukubopha isikhungo somgogodla futhi, ngokusebenzisa kwalo, zibe nomphumela omuhle ezingxenyeni ezingenakulungiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbewu ye-dodder yandisa umsebenzi we-metabolism yamaselula futhi ithuthukise ukusakazwa kwezinqubo ze-biochemical ezihlobene ngokuqondile nesendlalelo se-myelin.
Izimpande
Thola futhi ulungiselele izimpande ze-dodder ebusika akulula. Iqiniso liwukuthi i-creeper ye-parasite inomsuka owomile uma ifika ekuphakameni kwe-3-4 cm. Ngakho-ke, akufanele uphelelwe umzuzu futhi ube nesikhathi sokuqoqa izimpande zokhula (qala ukuvuna ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo).
Uyazi? E-India, kukholelwa ukuthi umuntu othola impande yododa uzothola ingaphakathi lomhlaba. Izakhamuzi zaleli zwe ziqiniseka ukuthi ukuthola impande yokhula kuwumsebenzi onzima womuntu ojwayelekile (ngaphandle kwemfundo yezitshalo).
Uhlelo lwe-couscous luyisakhiwo esisodwa - izinto zayo ezisebenzayo ziyakwazi ukunqoba umdlavuza wesikhumba. Ukusuka kumsuka wokhula kwenza amafutha okusetshenziswa esikhumbeni futhi anikeze ekuphulukiseni okusheshayo nokuhle.
Sebenzisa emithi yokwelapha
Abaningi abazi ukuthi i-dodder iyini, kodwa lesi sitshalo se-parasite sithole uhlelo olubanzi emithi yendabuko futhi sisiza abantu ukunqoba izifo eziningi. Ngezansi sinikeza izindlela zokupheka eziningana esisekelwe kucezu lomzala:
- Uma uketshezi lwe-uterine kudingeka ulungise ukumnika: 200 g amanzi abilayo, engeza 20 g we utshani obomile, shiya imizuzu engu 60-70. Thatha 1/3 indebe izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku.
- Iziqu ezinomile kanye nezimbali zokhula zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza wesisu. I-1/2 amalitha amanzi abilisiwe kuthathwa ama-gramu angu-20 wezinto zokusetshenziswa, ezineminyaka emaminithi angama-30. Khona-ke isisombululo kufanele sikhanyiswe ku-20 ° C, sihlungiwe, cindezela iziqu nezimbali bese wengeza amanzi ezingeni lama-0.5 amalitha. Gcina i-decoction endaweni eyomile embizeni evalwe ngokuqinile. Phuza 60-70 g izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku ngehora ngaphambi kokudla. Inkambo yokwelapha kufanele ihlale izinsuku ezingu-30, emva kwalokho udinga ukuphumula izinsuku ezingu-10.
- Ekulweni nomdlavuza wesikhumba besebenzisa amafutha avela ezimpandeni zasekuskut kanye namafutha omzimba wemvelo. Thatha amafutha nezimpande zokhula ngokulinganisela okulingana, hlanganisa konke bese ufakwa kwisitoreji. Faka isicelo esikhwameni esithintekile izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngosuku.
- Izimbali ze-dodder zenza i-tincture, eyisikhulu esihle kakhulu se-hemostatic futhi isetshenziselwa i-pneumonia. Ukuze ulungiselele uthathe isipuni semifino enokhula eyomile kanye nengilazi yamanzi abilayo, ubambelele emaminithini angu-60-80. Thatha 2 tbsp. l Izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku 40 imizuzu ngaphambi kokudla.
- Lungisa i-tincture: 1 tsp. utshani omile owomile kanye no-200 ml wamanzi abilayo, cwilisa emanzini okugezela ngamaminithi angu-15, bese upholile futhi ukhula. I-Decoction iyasiza ngokudakwa ngokweqile, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, umkhuhlane, imfiva, i-angina, nezifo zamathunjini. Thatha i-tbsp engu-1. l Izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku ngemizuzu engu-30-40 ngaphambi kokudla.
- Ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu ezifweni zamazinyo, lungiselela u-tincture wokhuni oluchotshoziwe olomile oluthuliwe: 5-7 g wezinto ezibonakalayo zengeziwe ku-1 indebe yamanzi abilayo, kufakwe emaminithini angu-70-80. Yamukelwe ngu-1 tbsp. l Izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku. Uma ubuhlungu obukhulu, phuza 1/3 indebe yomhluzi.
- Uma kwenzeka izifo zesikhumba (i-dermatitis, i-eczema, i-lichen, i-urticaria, njll), okugeza kuyenziwa ngama-decoctions of kuskut. 50 g wezinto eziluhlaza kubilisiwe ngamalitha amabili amanzi, bese umhluzi uhlungwa futhi wengezwa endlini yokugezela.
- 1 tsp Imbewu ingasiza ngesizungu, i-hysteria, isifo sohudo eside, ukuvuthwa okuvamile, ukungcola, ukungabi namandla, njll.
Ukuvuvukala kwemaphaphu kwabuye kusetshenziswe izitshalo ezifana nalezi: viburnum, dodder, aloe, ivy-like budr, umjunipha.
Ukungahambisani nemiphumela emibi
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, lolu hlobo lwokhula luqukethe izinto ezinobuthi (i-saponins, i-konvolvulin ne-kustanin), ngakho-ke udinga ukuyisebenzisa ngezinhloso zezokwelapha ngokuqapha okukhulu. Ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yikuphi ukugcoba noma ama-decoctions ngaphakathi, kufanele uxoxe nodokotela wakho. Ukusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwamalungiselelo omuntu ngesisekelo se-dodder akuvumelekile: ngesifo sikashukela, ukukhuluphala kwesithathu, izinga lesilonda (kuphela emva kokubonisana nodokotela).
Kukhona idatha ebonisa ukuthi ukhula olunobuthi lwezilwane zasemapulazini luyizinyosi. Imifino esisha iyinto enobuthi, kodwa ngokushesha uma imile, izinga layo lokudla ubuthi landa izikhathi eziningana. Ngokwezitshalo zezitshalo ezithintekayo, i-dodder eyomile emithonjeni emikhulu ingaba yingozi. Iqiniso liwukuthi ezinyangeni ezincane amakhemikhali anobuthi angokwelashwa, kodwa ngokushesha nje lapho umthamo udlula izikhathi eziningana, ukudakwa komzimba kuqala. Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ingaba: isizungu, isisulu sokuphunga, ubuhlungu esiswini, isifo sohudo esinzima, njll. Nokho, uma ubona kuqala, lokhu kuphikisana nokuthi i-kuskuta ingaphatha isifo sohudo. Kulungile, ngezingqinamba ezifanele, i-convolvulin ithuthukisa umsebenzi wesisu nesisu kanti nokuphulukisa isifo sohudo, kepha uma umthamo udlulile, umonakalo omkhulu emithanjeni yegazi yomuthi wesisu ungase uvele. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kugcwele ukukhulelwa kwesisu.
Kubalulekile! Izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwengu-16 zingavunyelwe ukuthatha ama-decoctions kanye nama-dodder tinctures!
Kusukela ngenhla, singaphetha ngokuthi: ukusetshenziswa kwe-couscous eluhlaza kuyadingeka kuphela emithwalweni enhle, ngakho-ke kudingeka udane nodokotela. Uma umthamo udlulile, ukwelashwa ngamafutha wezilwane kanye nezintambo kuyaboniswa.
Ukulawula ukhula
Kungcono ukulwa ne-liana ye-parasite ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuvimbela, ngoba uma i-dodder isivele ihlume futhi "idle" izitshalo zakho, kuyobe kunzima kakhulu ukulwa nayo (ngezinye izikhathi akunakwenzeka ukugcina isitshalo sempi). Imbewu yokhula iyakwazi ukuhluma kusuka ekujuleni okukhulu futhi ihlale emhlabathini iminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyisithupha, ngakho-ke kuyoba nzima ukuqeda ngokuphelele ididder garden. Ochwepheshe batusa ukugqugquzela ukukhula kwe-creeper yezinambuzane esikhathini sekwindla-entwasahlobo ngokusebenzisa ukuchelela okuningi. Uma ukhula lukhuphuka futhi lungatholi izitshalo ezithandayo eduze kwalo, luzofa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa noma yiziphi izinyathelo zomshini. Nokho, ukuzethemba wonke amahlumela kungcono ukushisa. Ukulima okujulile akuyona indlela ephumelelayo yokulwa. Abantu baseMelika basebenzisa ama-flame kagesi abalahla ukulawula ukhula, kodwa le ndlela ayisetshenziselwa izizathu ezingaziwa ezweni lethu. Kubalulekile ukucabangela iqiniso lokuthi i-dodder iyakwazi ukuthelela imbewu yezitshalo zezolimo, futhi uma itshalwe ngonyaka olandelayo, ukhula luyokhula kanye nezitshalo zemifino noma i-melon. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungcono hhayi ukuqoqa imbewu emasimini athelelekile, kodwa ukuwabhubhisa.
Kubalulekile! Izinkambu ezithathelwanayo zonyaka olandelayo kufanele zihlwanyelwe izitshalo zokusanhlamvu, ngoba umvini awukwazi ukuwuhlakaza.
Ukulwa ne-dodder ngokusebenzisa amasu agrotechnical akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi kuyasebenza. Abalimi bezolimo kanye nama-agronomist asebenzayo baye bazama ukubhubhisa ukhula ngamafungicides, kodwa amalungiselelo anjalo awazange abe nomthelela. Njengoba lesi sitshalo simelana namakhemikhali amaningi, singabhubhisa kuphela kanye nazo zonke izitshalo ngosizo lwezokwelapha. Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, silwe ne-dodder udinga ngisho nangaphambi kokutshala izitshalo. 
Kunconywa ukuthi uphathe inhlabathi engcolisiwe ngenhlanganisela ye-ammonium sulfate ne-ammonium nitrate ekwindla sekwephuzile. I-ethylhexyl usawoti ingabuye yengezwe kwisixazululo. Ukwelashwa komhlabathi kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kokuba ukhula luhluma, futhi ukugqugquzela ukukhula kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ukuchelela okunamandla (ngaphandle kwalokho, inhlabathi emanzi iyanciphisa ucezu). Kodwa uma ukwelashwa kubambezelekile kuze kuvele izimbali zokuqala, ngisho nokuhlanzwa kwemithi ngeke kusize ekubhubhiseni ukhula. Phakathi kwama-herbicide ethandwa kakhulu yilokho okulandelayo: "Liquid", "Reiter", "Stomp", "Gezagard", njll. 
Njengoba ubona, i-dodder inezici ezimbili ezihle nezibi. Kungasiza ekwelapheni izifo eziningi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kuyingozi yokulimaza izitshalo. Abanye bazama ukukukhulisa ukuze baqoqe izinto zokusetshenziswa, okwesibili - ukubhubhisa. Kodwa zonke izivande kufanele zibe nomqondo wokuthi yini i-dodder.
