Izithelo ze-"Honey" ezimnandi ziyiphunga, zinomsoco futhi zine-aftertaste yobusi. Izihlahla zithatha isikhala esincane ensimini futhi zizithobekile ekunakekeleni. Ngisho la maqiniso anele abalimi abanentshisekelo kulezi zilwane zamapheya.
Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa
Ngo-1964, eCrimea, iqembu labososayensi lakwazi ukuletha izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamapheya - "Uju". Kubizwa nangokuthi "U-Honey". Kuyinkimbinkimbi ephuma kwi-pollination yamahhala ehlukahlukene yeFrench Bere Bosc.
Uyazi? Ngekhulu le-17, esikhundleni segama elithi "eliphakathi kwe," basebenzisa igama elithi "dula", elibolekwe kusuka ePoland kusuka e-dula.
Izimpawu nezici
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezinwele zihlonywe ngendlela efanele futhi zinenani lezici ezikhethekile.
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zamapheya zivame ukukhulekelwa ngeziqephu: "Petrovskaya", "Inkumbulo kaZhegalov", "Izintandokazi Yakovlev", "Otradnenskaya", "Avgustovskaya dew", "Izingane", "Rogneda", "Elena", "Izinganekwane", " Nika, Northerner, Lada.
Izinkuni
Imithi "Uhlobo lweCrimea" luyinkimbinkimbi, ayikho ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili phezulu. Isikhathi esithelayo siqala ngomnyaka wesithathu wokuphuma. Izinhlobonhlobo zizenzekelayo, ukuze kutholakale impova, kunezihlahla ezimbili ezidingekayo eduze.
Umlingani okahle uyoba ezihlukahlukene eziqhakaza ngesikhathi esifanayo no-Honey. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezihlahla ze-"Honey" kanye ne-pollinating kufanele libe ngamamitha amathathu. Isikhathi sokuphila sezinhlobonhlobo sisho eminyakeni engamashumi amahlanu.
Izithelo
Izithelo zinomthunzi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngamachashazi angaphansi kwegrey, umbala wezingqinamba uhlaza okumnyama. Izithelo zinkulu (isisindo esisuka ku-300 kuya ku-500 g), azilingani. Isiqu se-honey pear sincane, sinamathele kancane. Amapheya aphelile avela emagatsheni awaxoshwa. Izithelo zokuvuna ngesandla ziqinisekisa ukuthi zonke zizohlala zizinzile futhi zingonakaliswa yimithelela emhlabathini.
Indlela yokukhetha izithombo uma uthenga
Isikhathi esihle semithi yokutshala singu-1-2 iminyaka. Omdala ukhula, kunzima ukudlulisela ukufakelwa futhi kubi nakakhulu ukushintshela endaweni entsha. Ungakwazi ukucacisa iminyaka yobude obubonakalayo. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo saminyaka yonke kungamamitha ayi-1, awekho amahlumela ohlangothini. Isiqu somuthi esiphakathi sineziqu. Ubude besimiso sempande buyi-20 cm.
Isitshalo se-Biennial kuze kube ngamamitha ayisigamu nesigamu. It is from amahlumela amathathu kuya kwahlanu, izimpande kuze kube 30 cm ubude. Kungakhathaliseki ubudala, lo isithombo kufanele zimbozwe amagxolo bushelelezi ngaphandle umonakalo. Izimpande kumele zihlanzeke ngaphandle kwe-blisters nokukhula.
Uyazi? Ezweni kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezintathu zamapheya.
Ukukhetha indawo kusayithi
Ngokuba ukutshala izithombo ezifanele ngakwesokunene kwesayithi. Lezi zithelo kufanele zithole ilanga elanele. Eqinisweni, uma kusuka enyakatho izihlahla zivikelwe emoyeni obandayo ngcingo noma izakhiwo. Imhlabathi yensimbi nomhlabathi ayifanele ukutshala amapheya. 
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela
Ukutshala eliphakathi kwe "Honey" kunokwenzeka kabili ngonyaka:
- ekwindla: ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti - ekuqaleni kuka-Septhemba, kanti isimo sezulu somile futhi sishisa. Kunesikhathi esanele sokushisa kwezulu ukuze wenze isihlahla sikhule futhi sibe namandla phezu;
- entwasahlobo: ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, lapho ama-frosts esevele esile, futhi umhlaba wawushisa.
Hlola uhlu lwezinhlobo eziphakathi kwezwe laseMoscow, iSiberia, i-Urals kanye neqembu eliphakathi.
Inqubo ngesinyathelo-sinyathelo sokutshala izithombo
- Okokuqala, amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokufika, kubalulekile ukulungisa umgodi. Iyakhiwa kuze kube ngu-80 cm ububanzi futhi isuka ku-80 cm kuya kumitha ngokujula, kuye ngokuthi i-branching yezimpande. Cishe ingxenye yesithathu yomhlabathi oqoshiwe kufanele ifakwe eceleni, kuyodingeka ukuze uqhubeke utshala.
- Okulandelayo, phansi komgodi kufanele kugcwaliswe ama-humus nesendlalelo sesihlabathi. Izimpande ze-seedling kufanele zifakwe emgodini futhi zimbozwe umhlaba kuze kube yilapho kutholakala isigundane. Umphumela womoya nomswakama inhlabathi enomhlabathi.
- Khona-ke udinga ukumba ikholomu bese ubopha kuso isithombo sempe. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngendwangu noma ukugoqa, ukuze ungalimazi umuthi.
- Emva kwalezi zenzo, uthele isiqongo samanzi esigodini.
Izici zokunakekelwa kwonyaka
Ukuze wenze i-Honey pear inike isivuno esikhulu, kufanele ulandele amathiphu okunakekelwa okulula unyaka wonke.
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi
Isihlahla esincane, esingenamkhawulo sidinga ukuphuza njalo. Uma inhlabathi isomile, kufanele udle amanzi kanye ngesonto, usebenzisa okungenani amalitha ayi-10 wamapayipi.
Umuthi wezithelo uphuziswa kabili ngonyaka - ngaphambi kokubhakabhaka nokulandela. Ukunisela, cishe ama-groove angaba ngu-10 cm aguguwe nxazonke kwesiqu, amanzi athululelwa kuwo. Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama, ukuphuza indawo okudingayo ukumboza ngotshani, i-peat noma enye into ephilayo. Izwe eduze kwesihlahla kufanele likhululeke njalo. Ekusentwasahlobo nasekwindla, bamba umhlabathi ozungeza isiqu.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukondla isihlahla izikhathi ezine ngonyaka:
- ngaphambi kokusila;
- ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza;
- emva kwezimbali;
- maphakathi nekwindla.
Amaminerali amaminerali anempahla ehlukene - umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrojeni asetshenziselwa ukwandisa izinqubo zokukhula. I-Superphosphate ne-potassium sulphate isiza ukuthuthukiswa komswakama kangcono futhi kwandise ukwanda kwamakhaza.
Ukwelashwa okuvimbelayo
Ukuze kuvikelwe izifo ezinjengesiko, ukugqwala, umdlavuza omnyama, kanye nezinambuzane - amahlumela, ama-peite, ama-slimy sawflies, okwanele ukushisa amaqabunga awile ekwindla bese ugoba phansi emhlabathini. Ngasekupheleni kwekwindla, iziqu zemithi zihlanjululwa ukuze zivimbele ama-parasites ekugubheni.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze ugweme ama-aphid, i-cytosporosis, amabhu, kubalulekile ukususa amagatsha afriziwe namagxolo aphakathi kwe-pear.
Ukudubula
Ukudubula i-pear kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni kwayo, njengoba kuthuthukisa ukukhanya komqhele, okwandisa umkhiqizo. I-pruning yokuqala yenziwa ngonyaka owodwa ngemuva kokuduka. Ngasekupheleni kuka-Mashi, i-trunk ifinyelelwe yikota. Amagatsha ohlangothini omude kakhulu anciphisa ingxenye yesithathu. Umqhubi wesikhungo ushiywe ngu-20 cm ubude kunomkhakha ohlangothini ode kakhulu.
Unyaka ozayo, khetha amahlumela ama-2-3 amade kakhulu futhi kude nengxenye yesigamu semitha kusukela kokuqala. La magatsha ahambisana nomugqa wokuqala. Wonke amahlumela kumele ancishiswe ku-ring, okungukuthi, anqunywe ngaphansi kwesiqu, engashiyi i-hemp. Isiqu sinqunywe ku-20 cm.
Ngonyaka wesine wokuphila, ikhasi elilodwa liphuma egatsheni elilodwa 40-50 cm ngaphezu komugqa wesibili. I-undergrowth emkhatsini wemijikelezo yamagatsha ifinyelelwe emgqeni. I-trunk ephakathi ihlungwa kuze kube sezingeni legatsha elibi kakhulu.
Ehlobo, ukuvimbela ukukhula kwamagatsha ubude, kunqunywe izicubu eziqinisiwe. Lokhu kudubula kubizwa ngokuthi i-pinning futhi kwenziwa njalo ehlobo ngokujwayelekile kwezinsuku eziyishumi. Kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti kuya maphakathi no-Septhemba, amahlumela abomile aphethwe yizinambuzane.
Ukuvikelwa emakhazeni namakhaza
Amapheya "U-Honey" ahlukile ebusweni bebusika, kepha izihlahla ezincane kufanele zivikelwe eziqhumeni ezinzima. Ukuvikela isithelo esithandweni bahlanganiswe ngephepha noma indwangu. Futhi, i-trunk ifakwe ngendwangu yomhlaba engaba ngu-20 cm, bese ihlanganiswa ngobuningi beqhwa.
Kubalulekile! Okukhulu ukuvunwa ekhoneni, ukwehlisa ukuqina kwalo kweqhwa kulo nyaka.Izinzuzo zalolu hlobo zihlanganisa:
- ukunambitheka okumnandi nephunga elimnandi;
- isivuno esikhulu;
- ukuhlukahluka kokuhluka;
- ubukhulu obuphansi bemithi;
- kungenzeka ukufika ekwindla noma entwasahlobo;
- isikhathi eside sokuphila kanye nezithelo zokuthutha.
- umehluko ngobukhulu bezithelo ezivune kakhulu;
- kunciphise ukumelana kwamaqhwa ekuvuneni okuphezulu.
Ukufingqa yonke into ebhaliwe, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kunezinzuzo eziningi kulezi ezihlukahlukene kunokungalungi. Uju lweCrimea luzohlobisa noma yiliphi ingadi futhi lizokuthokozisa ngezithelo ezinomsoco.
