Ngokuvamile ngamunye wethu, waphinde wavula indawo yakhe yasehlobo ehlobo lwezinambuzane ezibulala izinambuzane, wacabanga ngendlela abantu ababhekana ngayo nokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane nezitshalo ezilimazayo ngaphambi kokuvela kwamakhemikhali agrochemicals. Ngaphambilini, imvelo yabasiza kule nqubo yokukhethwa kwemvelo: yahlakulela inhlanganisela efanele yezitshalo. Yingakho namuhla izindlela ezithandwayo zokuvikela insimu kanye nensimu ngokumelene nezinambuzane zithandwa: izikhambi zabantu zenziwe ngokusho kokupheka kwemvelo. Cabanga ngezindlela ezidume kakhulu zokulawulwa kwezinambuzane ngosizo lwamathuluzi atholakalayo (isobho, uju, soda, uviniga, usawoti, ushukela, umquba wesinaphi, njll).
I-soap ye-Tar
Enye yezinambuzane ezivame kakhulu ezikhungweni ze-aphid ezitshalweni i-tar soap. Ukusebenza kwalo kuhlelwe ekubunjweni okhethekile: insipho evamile iyanezelwa birch tar. I-tar iyisithuluzi esiyisisekelo sokulondoloza izitshalo ezivela ezinambuzane, kusebenza ngokukhethekile ekuqedeni izinhlanzi nezinselo. Ukulimala kwalokhu kuwukuthi babekezelela ama-aphid futhi ngaleyo ndlela balele izitshalo ezintsha nezisha. Kukhona zokupheka eziningana ukupheka "okukhona" ngezinambuzane usebenzisa isobho le-tar.
- Isixazululo esivame kakhulu - 60 g we-tar soap exutshwe ngamanzi (amalitha ayi-10). Ingxube enjalo ingafakela izindawo ezithathelwanayo, noma ugeze iziqongo zamagatsha ezihlahla zamaberry. Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izinqubo ezinjalo zingenziwa ngemuva kokuqhamuka kwezitshalo, kusukela esiteji sezithelo zokwakheka nokuvuthwa, inqubo ingalimaza umuntu oyodla isitshalo: insipho ngokwayo inobuthi. Ungakwazi ukuqoqa inambuzane efanayo emabhodleleni bese uwabeka emikhanda yezihlahla ezigulayo. Isixazululo esifanayo, kodwa ngokusetshenziswa kwe-solide sulfur soap kuzosiza ukuxosha i-pear gall midge.
- Ukuze silwe nama-aphid emahlathini, kululeka ukuba silungiselele ikhambi elilandelayo: uhlanganise amalitha ayishumi amanzi, 500 g wezinkuni, 50 g wegalikhi we-minced kanye no-50 g we-soap tar. Lungisa ingxube ukuphatha iziqongonga zezihlahla ezigulayo. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuchichima, hhayi kamuva. Iphunga elikuthi lo mkhiqizo uveza amaqabunga akukho nhlobo ezinambuzane.
- Lokhu kulandelwa kwemvelo okunomsoco futhi okuphephile kuzosiza futhi ukuqeda ama-aphid: ama-200 g amaqabunga achotshoziwe kagwayi owomile angaxubaniswa nama-pepper aqoshiwe amabili futhi athulule amalitha ayishumi amanzi. Kufanele ulinde amahora angu-24 isixazululo sokungenisa. Emva kokuphela kosuku wengeze u-40 g we-tar soap nge-ash ash. Sula izindawo ezithintekile ngenhlanganisela.
Uyazi? Amandla okuyisimangaliso e-tar soap ahlamba iphunga elihlabayo, elikhuphuka kuphela ngokubambisana nezinye izingxenye zesinambuzane esilungele abantu. Iphunga elinomlilo elivuthayo licasula izinambuzane, zivele zimane futhi zishiye "isihlahla" esithunjwa noma esihlahleni.
Insipho yokuhlanza
Inqwaba yesenzo sensipho yokuhlanza impela kakhulu: lo mkhiqizo ongenalutho usiza ukuqeda ama-aphid, izibungu zesicabucabu, izibungu ze-powdery, izibungu, izifo ze-fungal, ikakhulukazi, isikhunta esijulile. Akumangalisi ukuthi ukusebenzisa insipho ekuthandeni izimila kuyaziwa kabanzi kusukela ekuqaleni kwayo. Sebenzisa izinsipho kungase kube ekwelapheni izitshalo zemifino, izithelo, izitho zangasese nezokuhlobisa.
Abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukulwa nezinambuzane ngosizo ikhambi elilandelayo: Grate 150-300 g insipho bese uhlanza emanzini ashisayo ukuze ugweme izimpumputhe, bese uthele ingxube engxenyeni egcwele amalitha ayishumi amanzi bese uxuba kahle. Ngenxa yalokho, kufanele kutholakale isisombululo esicacile, esingasetshenziselwa ukuphatha kahle i-dacha. Kungenzeka ukuthi uchithe izitshalo ngomuthi onjalo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ngaphandle kwenkathi yezimbali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo ezintsha ezitshalwe ayikwazi ukuphathwa ngaleli thuluzi. Ngenhloso ye-prophylaxis, kunconywa ukuba usule amaqabunga namahlumela amancane ngensipho namanzi.
Kubalulekile! Ngisho noma uhlaziye isepha ngo-1: 500, inambuzane izokwehlisa i-90% yama-aphid. Iqiniso liwukuthi ekubunjweni kwesepha okuningi kwamafutha acids, ikakhulukazi i-caproic acid, engahlanjululanga ngaso leso sikhathi ama-aphid.
Uviniga
Uviniga ngokwawo ungumuthi wokulwa negciwane. Ekulimeni kusetshenziswa njenge-insecticide, i-herbicide ne-fungicide.
Ukuze ukhulule izitshalo kusuka ezinambuzaneni ezincane, njengezintuthwane, kwanele nje ukuphalaza uviniga ovamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uviniga ukwesaba kakhulu izinkathazo. Futhi ngisho nabalimi be-novice bayazi ngokulingana kokulimala kokuhlasela kwe-horde yenkohlakalo. Ngezinkatha, uviniga into enjengobuthi. Kodwa kuyadingeka ukuthi uphelele uviniga ngokunakekelwa, ngoba kuyindlela enamandla yokubulala i-herbicide futhi ingabhubhisa izinhlobo ezithile zezitshalo (isibonelo, sage).
Ngosizo lweviniga kanye lwesinaphi, ungakwazi ukuqeda Colorado amazambane beetle.
Isixazululo seviniga siyithuluzi elinamandla lama-aphid ezithelo zezitshalo. Imfihlo yokupheka ilula kakhulu: 1-2 tbsp. l uviniga uhlanjululwa ku-10 amalitha amanzi. Umphumela uzobonakala emva kokupunika kokuqala, kodwa abalimi abanolwazi bayeluleka ukuphinda inqubo izikhathi ezingu-2-3. Uma izitshalo engadini yakho zitheleleke ngezifo ze-fungal, kumele zifakwe ngesixazululo sama-4 amalitha okufakelwa kwe-infusion kanye no-2 tbsp. l uviniga.
Kubalulekile! Imithi yokwelashwa iyosebenza kuphela uma iphindaphindiwe ngemva kwemvula ngayinye.
Ikhekhe
Izikhwama zisetshenziswa kakhulu njenge impande umanyolo. Ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwangaphakathi okuwusizo (i-silicon, i-magnesium), ukumnika kwe-choki kuyisitshalo esinamandla sokufaka umquba esitshalwe enhlabathini enomsoco. Ivimbela ukuwa kwama-ovari we-plum ne-cherry, atshalwe enhlabathini ene-oxidized.
Zijwayele ngetafula le-acidity yenhlabathi elihle kakhulu izitshalo nezensimu.
Okuwusizo ngokukhethekile ukwelashwa kwenhlabathi ngesikhala ngesikhathi sokutshala izithombo, ngoba umanyolo wemvelo unceda ukuthi imbewu ikwazi ukuvumelanisa nezimo ezintsha, iqinisa ukuzivikela kwayo, futhi ivikela izilwanyana ezibangelwa izifo.
Ukulungisa "imithi" esakhiweni kulula. Kudingekile ukuba uchithe ibhakede elilodwa lamanzi 1 tbsp. l isikhombe, ibe mguba. Isiko samanzi liyadingeka ezinsukwini ezingu-10-12. Ukufafaza nge-ukumnika okunjalo kuyisisombululo esiphuthumayo sama-aphid, kodwa ngokuvamile kuvame ama-butterflies amaningi, engathandeki.
Iphosi elimnyama elibomvu nelomvu
I-pepper emnyama nebomvu i-pepper yinye indlela enhle kakhulu yokulungisa izidakamizwa emakhaya ensimini. Ungakwazi ukuhlela ukulwa nezivakashi ezingamukelekile, nje ukusabalalisa pepper esiteshini ngemuva kokunisela kwenhlabathi. Iphunga elimnandi lepepper livele lishaye amaqebelengwane eklabishi nezikhukhula ezivela emanzini. Uzoxosha futhi amagundane namashubhu kusuka kusayithi lakho.
Ukulwa ne-Colorado amazambane beetle, ama-aphid, ngisho nezifo ze-fungal, udinga ukulungiselela ukumnika okulandelayo: 3 tbsp. l I-pepper ebomvu emhlabathini ihlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-0.5 amanzi ashisayo bese ishiya ubusuku bonke. I-10 g yesisombululo esilungisiwe esilungisiwe kanye ne-5 g wesipho enhlabathini yengezwa ku-1 ibhakede lamanzi. Ukufafaza le remedy abantu ngokuphumelelayo ukubhekana nokuhlasela kwezinambuzane eziyingozi.
Kubalulekile! Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kukhululeka inhlabathi ngokushesha ngemuva kokuba "inqubo yezokwelapha" inganconywa, njengoba i-pepper ingena emhlabathini bese ishisa izimpande zezitshalo.
I-mustard powder
Ukusetshenziswa kwendwangu yesinaphi engadini akuyona indlela engathandwa kakhulu yendalo yokuvikela izitshalo kusuka "ezifisweni ezimbi". Kungasetshenziswa kokubili ngokuzimela nangemigqomo nezinye izinambuzane zasendlini ezilungisiwe.
Ukuze uphuthuke okusheshayo nekhwalithi ephezulu kuma-slugs, kufanele ufafaze i-mustard powder phakathi kwemigqa.
Ukubuyisela ukuhlaselwa komlilo wokugcoba kanye nama-sawflies emabhakathini amahlathi azosiza ukumnika umfutho wesinaphi. Ukulungiswa kwalo uzodinga:
- 100 g we-mustard powder;
- 10 amalitha amanzi;
- 40 g yesobho lokuhlanza.
Ingxube yamanzi lwesinaphi kufanele ifakwe izinsuku ezingu-2, bese uhlunga bese uhlunga insipho echotshoziwe kuwo. Nciphisa izitshalo eziphakanyisiwe engxenyeni yokuqala yehlobo. Ukunciphisa okufanayo kuphumelela ekulwa namaqabunga okudla amaqabunga kanye nombungu we-apple moth emithini yezithelo, okumele ihlungwe izinsuku ezingu-15-20 emva kokuphela kwezimbali.
Isixazululo se-Mustard sizosusa ama-aphid, izimbungulu kanye ne-thrips kusuka eklabishi nasezimpandeni ezimpande.
Uyazi? EDenmark, lwesinaphi ayisetshenziselwa ekhishini kuphela nasensimini. Kukholelwa ukuthi lo mkhiqizo uletha injabulo. Ngakho-ke, amaDanes ahlakaza isinaphi azungeze indlu kanye nensimu ukuze athole injabulo futhi axoshe amabutho amabi.
I-Soda
I-soda ejwayelekile, ekhona ekhishini lalowo nalowo wesifazane, phakathi kwezinye izinto, iyinambuzane enamandla. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-soda ensimini kungenye yezindlela ezilula futhi ezifinyeleleka kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, isisombululo soda (1 inkomishi ibhakede ngalinye lamanzi) lisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela kanye nokwelapha isikhumba se-powdery ku-currant kanye ne-tissue bushes. Uma izitshalo zakho zihlaselwa ama-aphid, lungiselela lokhu okulandelayo "ukuphatha" isivakashi esinjalo: gcoba u-75 g we-soda ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi. Ungahlanza zonke izihlahla kanye nezihlahla. Le "mithi" izokhipha kanye ne-weevil, kanye nokusiza ukuqeda izifo ezifungile.
Amalungiselelo okuthola imithi asetshenziselwa ukulima kanye nokulima: iodini, i-green, enamandla, i-potassium permanganate, i-ammonia, i-hydrogen peroxide.
Usawoti
Usawoti usetshenziselwa ukulima njengomanyolo; ithombisa ukukhula kwezitshalo ngokusebenzisa ukusebenza kwezinto eziningi ezakhiwa yizimpande.
Isixazululo usawoti (1 inkomishi ibhakede ngalinye lamanzi) liyaziwa njengekhemikhali eliyingozi elikwazi ukuqeda isikhutha se-powdery ku-currant kanye nokusikhipha izihlahla, u-anyanisi wokutshala, kanye nezifo zefungalini emithini yezithelo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukufafaza kwezihlahla zezithelo ngamanzi okusawoti kungakwenziwa esigabeni sokuqhakaza: usawoti uvutha amaqabunga. Ukuqeda izintuthwane kanye nama-slugs, kutuswa ukuba uthele usawoti phakathi kwemigqa yezitshalo kusuka kusayithi.
Kubalulekile! Ukufinyelela ezinkambeni zikasawoti ensimini, kubalulekile ukufunda ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali womkhiqizo. Ngisho nasezifundweni zemfundo yamakhemikhali, kwachazwa ukuthi usawoti uqukethe i-chlorine kanye ne-sodium, echitha i-calcium emhlabathini. Ngenxa yalokho, inhlabathi iyathutha futhi ingabi namanzi, izakhi ezinjalo zingangeni ohlelweni lwempande. Umphumela uba yi-chlorosis nesitshalo esomile.
Ushukela
Ushukela awukhambi nje ngabantu, kodwa nezinambuzane. Yingakho lo mkhiqizo uvame ukusetshenziselwa njengoba bait for izinambuzane.
Ngokwesibonelo, ushukela osiza ukuqeda iklabishi isobho uvemvane ehlelwe ekhishini lakho ehlobo - noma kunalokho, isiraphu olukhulu ushukela. Isiraphu idinga ukuthunyelwa kuma-saucers noma kwezinye iziqukathi, bese ungeze imvubelo encane kuyo. Amandla okuhlela ezindaweni lapho i-butterfly ihlala khona. Ukuze usakaze iphunga lokuvutshelwa, i-bait ifakwe ezindaweni eziphezulu. Iklabishi isobho ngeke kuthathe isikhathi eside ukulinda: basheshe bahlambile iphunga isiraphu futhi unamathele kuso. Yiyo indlela engabizi futhi enomsindo ongayigcina isivuno kusuka ezinambuzane ezilimazayo kakhulu. Le recipe ihambisana nokulwa nama-wasps, okuletha izinkinga eziningi kumgadi wensimu.
Uju
Ekubunjweni koju olutholakalayo izakhi zokukhula kwezakhi. Yingakho ama-honey infusions asetshenziswa kakhulu lapho utshala izitshalo. Gcwalisa ngokuphumelelayo izithombo zezitshalo ezinomsoco weju (1-2 tbsp. L. Honey in ibhakede lamanzi). Le nqubo inikeza ukulungiswa okusheshayo kokutshala okutshalwe emhlabathini, izinga lokusinda, ukuthuthukiswa okufanele kwesimiso sezinsimu kanye nokukhula okugcwele.
Kubalulekile! Lokhu ukumnika ukucutshungulwa kuyadingeka ukuba uchithe izihlahla zezithelo, izitshalo nezitshalo ngesikhathi semifino. Le nqubo idonsa izinyosi nezinye izinambuzane futhi kunomthelela wokwandisa isivuno sensimu.
Ekulweni nezinambuzane, uju, njengoshukela, isetshenziselwa ukuhlambalaza. Ukulungiswa kwesiraphu kanye nenqubo yokubamba izinambuzane ku-bait bukhoma ngokusebenzisa uju kufana nendlela yokweshukela. Njengoba ubona, kunabasizi abaningi ekhaya lakho ukuhlela ukulwa nezinambuzane nezinye izinambuzane zezitshalo zensimu. Ngakho-ke, akudingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukugijimela ezitolo zezolimo ukuthenga ama-agrochemicals engadini. Ungamane udwebe ulwazi lwabantu bese ulisebenzisa. Phela, ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane usebenzisa imikhiqizo yasendlini (uviniga, usawoti, ushukela, isobho, njll) kuphephile kakhulu kuwe nakwezitshalo kunokusebenzisa ama-agrochemicals.
