Kuyoba umbuzo wesitshalo se-ornamental - i-alissume. Sizophendula umbuzo wendlela yokutshala i-alissum kwizithombo nokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani. Kulesi sihloko awutholi ulwazi oludingekayo kuphela, kodwa futhi namaqiniso athakazelisayo ngesitshalo.
Uyazi? Ngesikhathi esidala, isitshalo esivela kuhlobo lweBurachok sisetshenziselwa ukulwa nama-rabies, njengoba kuboniswa igama layo lesiLatin: lat.a - hhayi, ngaphandle (ukuphika), kanye ne-ylyssa - i-canine rabies.
Ukukhula kwe-alissum seedling method
Sizokwazi ukujwayela okuncane nge-alissum. I-Alyssum etshalwe emibhedeni yemifula, iyisebenzise ngendlela yendlela yokuphila. I-Alyssum noma i-Burachok iyinhlobo yezitshalo ezivela emndenini weKlabishi. I-genus ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-200 ezitholakala eYurophu, e-Asia ngisho naseNyakatho Afrika. Lesi sitshalo sinokuphakama kuka-15 kuya ku-40 cm. Isithelo ibhokisi elinembewu engalahlekelwa ukuhluma phakathi neminyaka emithathu yokugcina. Okulandelayo, cabangela imithetho yokuhlwanyela imbewu ye-alissum emhlabathini.
Indlela yokutshala imbewu
Imbewu yezithombo ihlwanyelwa ngoMashi noma ngo-Ephreli. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yi-alkali ebuthakathaka (etholakala ngokungeza i-lime) futhi ibe ne-ph 5.5-6.0. Inhlabathi ifakwa ebhokisini, imbewu ihlelwe phezulu bese icindezelwe kancane emhlabathini. Ungakwazi kancane ukukopisha inhlabathi efanayo, kodwa lokhu akudingekile.
Indlela yokunakekela izithombo
Abaningi banesithakazelo kulo mbuzo: Kuyoze kube nini i-alissum ikhuphuka futhi ingabe inqubo ingashesha? Ukuze imbewu ihlume, lezi zimo ezilandelayo kufanele zihlangane: ukushisa kwamakamelo kube ngu-13-15 ° C, ukukhanya okuhle (okungcono hhayi kuphela ukukhanya okufakelwayo), indawo yokugcina imbewu ukudala izimo zokushisa (ingilazi noma ifilimu isetshenziselwa), ukuhamba njalo, ukuhambisa umhlabathi.
Uma zonke izimo zifinyelelwa, i-alissum izohluma ezinsukwini ezingu-7-8. Emva kokuvela kokutshala kweqabunga lokuqala, udinga ukufaka umanyolo ngamanyolo, futhi uma uqaphela kakade amaqabunga amathathu, sitshala ngezimbiza ezihlukene. Ngemuva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo, izihlahla zilungele ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Udinga ukulinda isimo sezulu esifudumele futhi uhlele i-alissum kusayithi.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ye-alissum emhlabathini ovulekile
Manje kuyoba umbuzo wendlela nokuthi kuyadingeka kanjani ukuhlwanyela i-alissum emhlabathini ovulekile.
Isikhathi nokujula kwembewu yokuhlwanyela
Uma uzimisele ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile, kudingeka ulinde isimo sezulu esifudumele. Ngokungafani nokuhlwanyela kokushisa, imbewu enhlabathini evulekile ingahlwanyelwa ngaphambi kukaMeyi. Bangcwatshwa emhlabathini ngokungabi ngaphezu kuka-0.5 cm. Uma utshalwe ngokujulile, amahlumela ngeke abe namandla anele ukuze ahambe ngendlela enhlabathini.
Kubalulekile! Uma i-alissum ensimini idlala indima yomngcele ophilayo, ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo lingenziwa kancane kancane.
Uma uhlwanyela imbewu, ubale ibanga phakathi kwezimbali ukuze zingaphazanyane - lokhu cishe cishe kusuka ku-15 kuya ku-40 cm.
Luhlobo luni lokukhanyisa okwenziwe ngothando?
Uma utshala futhi unakekela i-alissum, kufanele uqale ucabangele ukukhanya nokuhlala kwesitshalo maqondana nelanga. Hlanganisa i-alissum ezindaweni ezisebusuku ezivikelwe ezikrinini. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, khona-ke isitshalo singatshalwa penumbra, noma kunjalo, izimbali ngeke zibe namandla nakakhulu. Uma utshalwa, khumbula ukuthi i-alissum ikhula kahle phakathi kwamapuleti avuthayo namatshe, okungagcini nje ukufudumala imbali, kodwa futhi ukuhlobisa ingadi yakho.
Indlela yokulungisa inhlabathi yokuhlwanyela imbewu
Lungisa indawo ye-alissum: sebenzisa i-humus noma umquba ngenyanga ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela. Kumele futhi uthuthukise izindawo zokugeleza zomhlabathi, ubeke ubumba lwakhe, isihlabathi somfula noma amatshe amancane. Emva kwalokhu, bamba umhlaba bese balinganisa nge-rake. Uma inhlabathi iyasebenza, udinga ukuletha ingxenye ye-lime, okwenza i-pH ibe ngu-6.0-6.3. Uma ulungisa umhlabathi ukuze uthole i-alissum, akufanele ushiye izimpande zokhula noma ingxenye engenhla emhlabathini ukuze kungavunyelwe futhi.
Nakekela inqubo yokukhula kwe-alissum
Ukufeza izimbali ezikhanyayo nezihle, udinga ukulandela imithetho yokunakekelwa lapho ukhula i-alissum.
Indlela yokunakekela inhlabathi
Izitshalo ezisetshenziselwa ukutshala ziyashesha futhi isitshalo siqala ukulamba. Uma ukungabi namaminerali kuvumelana nesikhathi sokuqhakaza, uzobe usubheka izimbali ezimbalwa eziluhlaza esitshalweni, okuzoshesha ngokushesha.
Ukuntuleka kokugqoka kwenza i-alissum ibe yingozi kakhulu ezifweni eziningi, ngakho-ke inhlabathi kufanele igcwale izithasiselo ze-humus nezamaminerali.
Phakathi nesikhathi sokukhula okusheshayo (ngaphambi kokuchichima), i-alissum inondliwa nge-nitrogen fertilizer. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amalitha angu-10 amanzi ahlanjululwa ku-1 tbsp. l urea kanye ne- "Agricola-7"; manzi isitshalo ntambama, lapho umswakama ungaqhumeki kakhulu emhlabathini.
Ngezimbali kufanele kube nezimila eziyinkimbinkimbi zemaminerali. Ngendlela yokudla ungasebenzisa ama-humus.
Ngaphezu kokufaka umquba emhlabathini, kubalulekile ukukhulula nokususa ukhula. Uma umhlabathi uhlanganiswe ne-crust, indlala ye-oxygen yezimpande izoqala i-alissum. Ukuze uzuze umphumela omuhle, kuyadingeka ukuba uphuze futhi ukhulule noma kusihlwa noma ekuseni. Ngalesi sikhathi, umswakama uphuphuka kancane emhlabathini, ngakho inani lokunisela lingancishiswa.
Indlela yokusika imbali
Imbali elimnandi elimilayo liyadinga ukunqunywa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ulondoloze ukuma kwayo nezinsiza. Ukutshala izihlahla akukona nje kuphela umphumela wokwenza ubuhle, kodwa futhi nokukhishwa kwezihlumela ezigulayo, ezomile nezonakalisiwe. Ngokushesha nje lapho i-alissum isiphelile, udinga ukusika zonke iziqu zomhlanga. Lokhu kwenziwa ukugcina imithombo yezitshalo.
Kubalulekile! Uma uhlela ukuthola imbewu yezithombo, khona-ke awukwazi ukusika ama-stalks!
Ezinsukwini ezingu-25-30 emva kokuba i-alissum isiphelile, esinye isihlahla sinqunywe.
Ukudubula kokugcina kwenziwa entwasahlobo. Sika amaqabunga omile, amahlumela aphethwe yisifo noma awonakele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amahlumela enempilo anganqunywa ukuze anikeze isimo esihle kakhulu.
Uyazi? E-Siberia nase-Altai, i-Alissum isetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwe-hernia inguinal, amakhaza namatshe ezinso.
Indlela yokubhekana nezifo ezingenzeka
I-Alissum iqala ukulimala ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi: lapho kungekho khona umquba kanye nezihlahla ezihlanzekile. Futhi enhlabathini emanzi kunendawo enhle yebhaktheriya elimazayo.
Uma imbali yakho igula, kufanele ilashwe ngokuphuthumayo ukuze ezinye izitshalo zingenwa igciwane.
Ukulimala okwesikhashana (noma ukubola okumnyama) yisifo esiba nokuphuza ngokweqile. Izimpande kanye nentamo yezintambo ziqala ukubola, futhi isitshalo soma. Icala elifanayo lapho ukunakekelwa okungalungile kuholela esibhedlela. Ukuze uphulukise i-alissum yokulimala okwesikhashana, udinga ukuphatha lesi sitshalo (okungcono konke ngesikhathi esisodwa, ukuze kungabuyiselwa emuva) nge-fungicides (Ordan, Kuproksat) futhi ugweme ukuphuza.
Enye inkinga ye-alissum yi-powdery isikhutha, esithinta amaqabunga (amafomu okumhlophe amhlophe). Amaqabunga abagulayo ayeke ukukhula, aphendulele amnyama abuye afe. I-Pissdery isikhutha i-alissum ingakhipha izihlahla eziqhamuka ngokweqile, okwenza inqwaba yamanyolo we-nitrogen kanye nokushisa okunamandla okushisa. Iphathwa nge powdery mildew bordeaux liquid, fungicide "Fundazol" noma biofungicide "Fitosporin-M".
Kungcono nini ukuqoqa imbewu
Ukuthola isitshalo esincane sempilo, udinga isikhathi sokuqala ukuqoqa imbewu yokutshala. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu ekupheleni kukaSepthemba, ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Khetha imbewu yokutshala kusuka kwi-inflorescences eyomile. Amandla agubha izimbali ze-alyssum. Susa ama-debris amakhulu.
Khona-ke imbewu ithunyelwa ekomeni endaweni efudumele. Zigcine ezikhwameni zendwangu endaweni eyomile efudumele.
Kubalulekile! Buka isikhathi sokukhazimula kwe-alissum ukuze imbewu ingaphumeleli ngaphambi kokuba unqume ukuyiqoqa.
I-Alyssum ayidingi ukunakekelwa okuqondile, ngakho-ke zama ukulandela imiyalelo echazwe ukuze imbali yakho ingalimazi futhi ibe njalo umhlobiso omuhle wensimu.
