Sekuyisikhathi eside abantu baseYurophu bacabanga ukuthi ama-cherry amahle, kodwa awusiwo umuthi osebenzayo. Ayinakubekezelela isithwathwa futhi ayinikezi isivuno esihle ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kodwa-ke, ama cherry ahlala isikhathi eside ezinhlobonhlobo ezikhethekile iMeak zihlukaniswa izithelo ezinomsoco ezinkulu kakhulu nokuphikisana okuphezulu hhayi nje kuphela kwihlobo lokushisa okubandayo, kodwa nangomkhathi oshisayo. Izici zalezi zihlukahlukene, sizoxoxa ngalesi sihloko.
Incazelo ehlukahlukene
Izinhlobonhlobo zenziwa eRussia ngo-1974, i-universal ye-cherry. "I-lighthouse" kunzima ukubiza umuthi othandwayo, ngakho-ke cishe bambalwa abantu, ngisho nabalimi abanolwazi, bazokwazi ukunikeza incazelo eningiliziwe yalezi zihlukahlukene. Ake sibone. 
Le-cherry ibonakala umqhele omelela oval ehlathini eliphansi eliqhamukayo. Ngeke uthole isitshalo esinjalo ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili. Iqukethe amaqabunga amancane kakhulu, okuvame ukungalandeli amahlumela amancane.
Uyazi? Ngokomlando, idolobha elincane elisogwini lwase-Asia kubhekwa njengendawo yokuzalwa ye-cherry. - I-Kerasund (Giresun). Kwavela lapho lapho umlawuli wamaRoma uLucull efika khona eYurophu njengendlela yokunqoba. Emva kwalokho, ama-cherry emazweni aseYurophu abangela inhlonipho ekhethekile.Amaqabunga athi "i-Beacon" ayenziwa ngokuma kwe-oval ngokuphelela okubukhali, ama-green saturated namazinyo amancane afaka emaphethelweni. Esikhathini sabo kukhona izigulane ezingu-2-4. Ukubukeka akusizi kakhulu.
Izimbali ze-Cherry ziqoqwe njalo ku-inflorescences wezingcezu ezingu-3 ngayinye, zimhlophe ngombala, futhi ilungiselelo lamagundane alithandekile. Inkomishi inomumo wokugoba. Bathanda ukuqhakaza ngamagatsha waminyaka yonke noma ukukhula.
Izimbali ezihlukahlukene ziqala ngasekupheleni uma ziqhathaniswa nabanye - kuphela ngoJulayi, kodwa akuyona into emangalisayo. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kuqala ukunikeza izithelo iminyaka engu-3-4 emva kokutshala. 
Kuyinto eqinile, izoletha amajikijolo iminyaka engu-30 yokuphila, yebo, uma uyamnakekela kahle.
Izithelo Zezithelo
"Lighthouse" - irekhodi elicacile phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo ze-cherry eziningi zezithelo. Kusukela emthini owodwa kunokwenzeka ukuthi uthole cishe ama-15 kg amajikijolo ngonyaka ngamunye, futhi ngehlobo elifudumele ngisho no-20-25 kg. Zivuthisa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ehlobo - kusukela ekupheleni kukaJulayi kuya ku-Agasti.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze kuthuthukiswe isivuno, kubalulekile ukutshala ezinye izinhlobo ezifanele eduze kwe "Mayak": "I-Nizhnekamsk", "I-Toiler yase-Tatarstan", "Shakirovskaya".Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izithelo azitholakali kusukela ehlathini, ngakho-ke akudingeki ukuba ziphakanyiswe emhlabathini. Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, amajikijolo ayaqhekeka, kodwa lokho kulungile. Into eyinhloko ukuqapha ukuvuthwa kwesitshalo futhi ukuyiqoqa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuze ingaphazamisi futhi ingangeni ezinyoni. Izinhlobo ezizimele zokuzala.
Amajikijolo alezi zinhlobonhlobo anesisindo esikhulu, ngasinye sinesisindo esingama-5-6 amagremu. Zibonakala ngesikhumba se-burgundy esicwebezelayo. Inyama ibomvu, ihlaziye, iyamanzi futhi iyamnandi kakhulu. Izithelo zizungezile, kodwa zinyathelwe kancane kusukela ohlangothini lwesigxobo. 
Zihlukaniswa ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-glucose kanye ne-asidi ephansi, eyenza ama-cherries abukeke afana no-cherry. Lokhu kwanikeza izithelo uthando lwabantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi izingane. Zilungele ukusetshenziswa hhayi kuphela kwifomu elisha, kodwa futhi njengejam, ujamu, ijusi, i-compote ngisho ne-kissel.
Itshe lamajikijolo li-brown-grey, elincanyana, elihlukaniswe ngokugcwele emalindeni.
Hlola izinhlobo ezinjalo zama cherry njenge "Vladimirskaya", "Molodezhnaya", "Shokoladnitsa", "Izobilnaya", "Turgenevka", "Kharitonovskaya", "Uralskaya Ruby", "Morozovka", "Chernokorka".
Izinzuzo nezimo ezihlukahlukene
Ngaphambi kokukhetha izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-cherry "Beacon", hlaziya izinzuzo zayo nokuziqhenya ukuze ubone ukuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo zilungile yini kuwe. Izinzuzo zalesi shrub yilezi:
- Ukumelana nokuqina kwama-frost (umuthi uyakwazi ukudlulisa ukudonsa okushisa kuya ku -35 ° C).
- Amajikijolo amaningi e-fruiting nekhulu.
- Ukuqina kwesihlahla.
- Ukuzikhethela ngokwengxenye.
- Ukunambitheka okumnandi kwamajikijolo.
- Ukuphikisana nesomiso.
- Ukubukeka kokuhleleka kwamajikijolo, okubaluleke kakhulu ku-dessert.
- Isiqu esifushane somuthi, okusiza ukuqoqwa kwezithelo.
- Ukuphikiswa okuhlobene nezifo ezitshalayo.
- Ukuphila okuhle nezitshalo ezihlukahlukene-ngakho-ke, omakhelwane balungele ukulima nokutshala izimboni.
Uyazi? Sebenzisa I-Cherry izithelo ukuvimbela izifo eziningi, kuhlanganise nomdlavuza. Iqukethe i-ellagic acid, evimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza.Ngeshwa, i-beacon tree inezinselelo ezithile, njenge:
- Uyesaba kakhulu umoya.
- Ukujwayele ukubola kwensimu, uma ungakhethi amajikijolo ngesikhathi.
- Kungase kube ne-coccomycosis.
- Awunayo ukumelana nezinambuzane ezinambuzane, ngakho-ke ukulima kufanele kusebenzise izinambuzane.
- Ukukhula okubi ngokungabikho kwelanga nokushisa.
Ukufika
Ukutshala i-cherry yindaba elula engadingi umzamo omkhulu engadini yomlimi. Indima ebalulekile idlala ngokukhetha indawo yokufika. Kumele kungabi namoya, efudumele futhi ilanga. U-Cherry uyathanda kakhulu ukukhanya.
Kubalulekile! Kuyadingeka ukuthi inhlabathi ilula, ifakwe kahle, isihlabathi nesihlabathi.Akunconywa ukutshala izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze "Beacon" ephansi noma lapho amanzi eseduze khona. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isihlahla "asivumeli" inani elikhulu lomswakama. Khetha inhlabathi evundile.
Ukutshala izihlahla kumele kwenziwe emkhatsini wamamitha ayi-2-3 ukusuka komunye nomunye futhi, ngokufanele, ngezinhlobo zempova endaweni. Njenganoma imuphi omunye umuthi wezithelo, kungcono ukutshala ama cherry entwasahlobo (cishe ekupheleni kukaMashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli). Lokhu kuzomvumela ukuba athole izimpande kahle futhi ahlale phansi ngaphambi kokuqala kwebusika elibandayo.Kubalulekile ukulungiselela ukutshala ekwindla, okungukuthi, ukuphatha indawo ngokhuni lomlotha. Ukusetshenziswa kwalo kuzoba ngu-500 g ngehora elilodwa. m. Amasonto amathathu emva kokufakwa komlotha, udinga ukumba umhlabathi, ukhethe utshani, wengeze i-humus, i-superphosphate ne-potassium sulfate.
Inqubo yokuzifika ngokwayo ilandelayo:
- Dweba imbobo 50 cm ejulile no 60-70 cm ububanzi.
- Esikhathini sokupheka kuyadingeka ukuthulula ama-humus, umlotha, umanyolo wamaminerali, inhlabathi.
- Shayela isikhonkwane emgodini.
- Beka isithombo kule ndawo ukuze ungcwabe impande yentamo.
- Yenza umgodi omncane nxazonke ze-cherry.
- Thela ibhakede lamanzi ngaphansi komuthi bese wengeza ama-humus omisiwe.
Ukunakekela
Njengomunye umuthi wesithelo, i-cherry lighthouse idinga ukugcinwa njalo. Kumele kusetshenziswe amanzi, kufakwe umanyolo futhi uqede amagatsha amaningi. Ungakhohlwa ngesidingo sokwelapha izibulala-zinambuzane, okuzovikela ngokumelene ne-fungi pathogenic, izifo kanye nezinambuzane zezinambuzane.
Ukunisela
Isomiso esihlahleni asibi, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo esithile sokunisela njalo. Kuyoba okwanele ukuphucula isitshalo izikhathi ezingu-4-5 ngesikhathi, futhi ngeke uzizwe ukungabi nomswakama. Into esemqoka hhayi ukuthulula i-cherry. Kukholelwa ukuthi umthamo ofanele wamanzi ehlathini ngalinye lama cherry uzoba ngama-10-20 amalitha, kuye ngobukhulu bawo.
Ebusika nasekwindla, ukuchelela akufanelekile. Ngokuqinisekile yonke ukuchelela kumele ihambisane nenqubo yokukhipha umhlabathi ngokucophelela futhi uyihlanganise ngendwangu ebanzi yamathamini. Lokhu kuzovikela uhlelo lwempande lomuthi ekumeni ehlobo nasebandleni ebusika. 
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Umanyolo wokuqala wesihlahla kufanele wenziwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo - ngo-Mashi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga umanyolo we-nitrogen. Umanyolo we-Phosphorus-potassium - imfanelo ephoqelekile yokunakekela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze "Mayak" ekwindla. Ngaphambi kwenqubo, inhlabathi ezungeze isitshalo idinga ukugujwa.
Lapho i-cherry ifinyelela eminyakeni engama-4, iziqu zomquba eziphilayo zibuye zisetshenziswe, kepha hhayi kaningi ngaphezu kwesinye njalo eminyakeni emibili. Lime inhlabathi iyadingeka kanye kuphela eminyakeni emihlanu.
Njengama-fertilizer eziphilayo, utshani, isidlo sesithambo, ukudla kwesinhlanzi, amasondo, amazambane, amaqanda scarlup, izikhumba zamabhanana, ikhasi le-anyanisi, ama-nettle asetshenziswa.
Ukudubula
Nakuba lesi sihlahla asikho phezulu, isihlahla salezi zinhlobonhlobo sinamandla okukhula ngokuqinile. Yingakho abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho becebisa ukuba bakhonze ama cherry.
Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuba izithelo zivuthwe kangcono futhi zishesha, kanye nokugqugquzela inqubo yokukhetha amajikijolo. 
Inqubo yokusika izihlahla kufanele iqhutshwe kuphela ngesikhathi sehlobo, ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga aqale ukuvuvukala. Emthini omdala we-cherry, kufanele kushiywe amagatsha amakhulu angama-7 kuya kwangu-13.
Kubalulekile! Akunqatshelwe ukusika noma ukunciphisa amahlumela wonyaka we-cherry, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke usathele izithelo.Yenza lokhu ngamathuluzi akhethekile angadini, hhayi ummese wekhishi, ngakho-ke umuthi ngeke uhlupheke. Ngaphandle kwamagatsha, kuzodingeka futhi ususe izimpande ezimpande, okuzobonakala kuzo.
Kukhona into enjengokuthi "ukusika izihlahla" zesitshalo. Ihlanganisa ekukhipheni ama-shrunken, abagulayo, amaqhwa noma amagatsha amadala kakhulu. Kunconywa ukubamba emva kweminyaka engu-9-13 yokuphila kwe-cherry, isidingo sale nqubo sizobonakala ngokucacile.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ngeshwa, lezi zinhlobonhlobo azikwazi ukuvimbela izifo ezithile. Enye yazo i-coccomycosis. Lesi yisifo sezitshalo eziningi, esibangelwa u-fungus marsupial pathogenic. Ngokuvamile kuthinta amaqabunga omuthi wesithelo, unciphise ukuthuthukiswa kwawo. Ukutheleleka kubonakala njengamabala abomvu kumahlamvu namajikijolo. 
Ukuze ulinqobe, kuzodingeka ukuthi wenze izinqubo eziningana: ngokuhamba kwesikhathi entwasahlobo ukucubungula isitshalo nge-fungicide futhi, nakanjani, ukubhubhisa amaqabunga aphelile noma asevele awile emthini ogulayo.
Njengokuvimbela i-coccomycosis, ukuchithwa kwesihlahla kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa umquba we-nitrogen ojulekile ekwindla.
Isifo sesibili esivamile se-cherry beacon yisithelo sokubola. Lokhu futhi isifo sofuba esiye saba inhlekelele yangempela yokulima kwanamuhla. Ukubola kubonakala njengamabala esiqhingini, bese kubathinta ngokuphelele. Amajikijolo anjalo kufanele asuswe (ngokuvamile ashiswa).
Kulesi simo, umuthi uchithelwa neBrandeaux utshwala endaweni yokuhlushwa kwe-1%.
Izinhlobonhlobo "I-lighthouse" ayithandi i-sawfly emangcwabeni nama-aphid. Lezi izinambuzane ezilimaza amahlamvu, amagxolo kanye nezithelo ze-cherry. Ukuzilawula, izinambuzane ezidinga izinambuzane ziyadingeka. 
Noma kunjalo, ama cherry angasindiswa njalo kunoma yiziphi izifo uma kwenziwa imizamo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyikhathalela: ngesikhathi sokuthatha ukwelashwa okuvimbela, ukusika futhi ukufaka umquba. Khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi ukushayisana ne-fungi pathogenic nezinambuzane kuzoba okuncane.
Ngamafuphi, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-cherry "Lighthouse" zihle kakhulu, ziqinile futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, zihlwabusayo kakhulu. Khulisa ensimini yakho futhi ujabulele izithelo zamanzi!
