Ukukhetha isizini sokuxhunyelelwa kwama-cherries

I-Cherry ingesinye sezitshalo ezivame ukuqashwa. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ngokuxhunyelelwa kuyindlela enhle yokuvuselela ingadi, ukunwebisa ukwahlukahlukahluka, ukukhulisa umkhiqizo kanye nokudlulisela izakhiwo ezikhethekile esihlahleni. Izinsuku zokuqalisa ukusebenza kwazo zihambisana nezimpawu zezinto eziphilayo kanye nobuchwepheshe bezolimo, kanye nesimo sezulu sonyaka.

Ama-nuances wokugoma kwentwasahlobo yasentwasahlobo

Isikhathi sentwasahlobo sithathwa njengomzuzu ofanele kakhulu wokutshala izihlahla zezithelo, kubandakanya nama-cherries. Isitshalo siphaphama ngemuva kokuphumula kobusika, izakhamzimba zihambisa phezulu kwesiqu, okunomthelela ekufakweni okusheshayo kwe-scion nge-stock.

Tshala nini cherries entwasahlobo

Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuxhunyelelwa ama-cherries entwasahlobo isikhathi kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi kuya eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala ka-Ephreli, isb., Isikhathi lapho lesi sitshalo sesiqala ukushiya isimo saso sishonile. Izinsuku ezithile eziqondile zinqunywa yizimo zezulu zesifunda. Ngakho-ke, emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, ukuqala kwenqubo yokufakelwa kudlulela kokuqala kuka-Ephreli. Indlela eyinhloko yokulungela kwesihlahla ukugoma ukudumba kwezinso, okukhombisa ukuqala kokuncipha kokugeleza.

Udinga ukwazi ukuthi kusukela manje ukuthola umuthi wokugoma ophumelelayo unesikhathi esifushane (isonto nesigamu) - lapho kusebenze kakhulu ukuhamba kwamajusi, kwehlisa ukusebenza kahle kokufakelwa. Kunezizathu ezimbili zalokhu:

• Ijusi ezincebeni ifakwa i-oxidised, kwakheka ifilimu le-oxide, elivimbela ukusungulwa. Ngakho-ke, imisebenzi yokugoma kwentwasahlobo kufanele yenziwe ngokushesha okukhulu.
• Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukunqwabelana ngokweqile kwezakhi zomzimba kanye nezinto zokwenziwa kabusha kungavimba umuthi ekwamukeleni i-scion njengengxenye yomzimba.

Kunophawu oludumile: umsebenzi wokugoma ungaqala lapho umhlabathi uncibilika emabeleni amabili amafosholo.

Kunezinqubo ezingaphezu kuka-130 zokuxhunyelelwa; Kuma-cherries, ama-maximum ngalesi sikhathi abhekwa njengezindlela ezisuselwa ku-inoculation nge-cutised lignified ezivunwe ekwindla sekwephuzile.

Ithebula: Amasu amahle kakhulu wokuxhunyelelwa kwentwasahlobo

Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, naka isimo sesitoko. Uma izinkuni zingemhlophe, kodwa zithole i-brown hue, khona-ke izindwangu ziqandisiwe. Ukuqandeka okunjalo kungahle kungathinti impilo ethile yesihlahla, kepha isitoko esinjalo asisafaneleki ngokuxhunyelelwa.

Igalari yezithombe: amasu entwasahlobo e-entwasahlobo entwasahlobo

Ividiyo: ukugoma kwentwasahlobo ye-cherry cherry

Ngabe ama cherries angenisa kuliphi izinga lokushisa entwasahlobo

Ukukhetha isikhathi sokuxhunyelelwa kwe-cherry entwasahlobo, abalimi abanolwazi baqondiswa hhayi ikhalenda kuphela, kodwa futhi nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ngisho nasensimini efanayo, isikhathi singashiyana ngonyaka ngamaviki ayi-1-2. Ukuze umuthi wokugoma ungabi yiqhwa, wenziwa lapho ubungozi beqhwa lokudlula budlula. Ukushisa okuphezulu kubhekwa ngenhla kwe +5⁰Kuyajabulisa futhi kungaphansi kwe-0⁰Ngobusuku.

Isikhathi nezici zokugoma ehlobo

Ehlobo, ukugoma kwenziwa phakathi kokugeleza kwesibili kokuphela - kule minyaka eyishumi yokugcina kaJulayi kuze kube maphakathi no-Agasti.

Ukulungela ukugoma kunqunywa ngezinga lokuvuthwa kwezingcezu nokusika kwegxolo esikhungweni sezimpande: kwelinye lamagatsha esiphuphu, kuyadingeka ukwenza i-incision futhi kuhlukanise amagxolo izinkuni. Uma ehamba ngokukhululeka, ungaqala ukuhlinzwa.

Ehlobo, umuthi wokugomela uvame ukwenziwa ngezinsika eziluhlaza noma ngeso. Lokhu kungenye yezinzuzo zako, ngoba asikho isidingo sokubhekana nokuvunwa kanye nokugcinwa kwezihlahla zokusika. Izindlela ezenziwa kakhulu ngesikhathi sasehlobo yilezi:

• ukuqunjelwa (ukugoma ngenso);
• ukuhlukanisa ukugoma;
• ukugoma amagxolo.
  

  Ehlobo, kungcono kakhulu ukugoma ama-cherries ngokuqhakaza

Izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwenqubo, umuthi kufanele ukondliwe kahle ngamanzi. Lokhu kuzothuthukisa ukuhamba kwe-sap kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwegxolo lesiphunzi. Ngokuhlinzwa uqobo, khetha usuku olunamafu, kepha hhayi usuku oluna imvula. Uma isimo sezulu sicacile, khona-ke inqubo yenziwa ekuseni kakhulu noma kusihlwa.

Enye indlela yokugoma efanele ama-cherries ehlobo yindlela yokuhlukanisa.

Bheka imiphumela yomsebenzi wokugoma ehlobo uzokwazi ekwindla.

Ukushisa kuthinta kabi ukuhlangana. Ukuze umuthi ungagcini elangeni elivulekile, kumele ube nomthunzi. Imvamisa yalokhu bavikela isikhambi ngendlela yesikhwama esenziwe ngocingo lokudla.

Ividiyo: hlola ukulungela kwesihlahla ukuthola ukugoma kwehlobo

Ividiyo: ukugonywa kwehlobo kwama-cherries (ukuhluma) ehlobo

Kunini lapho kungcono ukutshala ama-cherries ekwindla

I-Autumn ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi yisikhathi esikahle sokuxhunyelelwa kwama-cherries. Kuyelulekwa ukuyiqhuba kuphela ezindaweni ezinobusika obufudumele. Abalimi banesikhathi esifushane sale nqubo - isilinganiso esingu-15 Septhemba. Izilimo kufanele zibe nesikhathi sokuthatha izimpande ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa. Ngesikhathi sokugoma ekwindla, ukuhlukaniswa okuyingxenye kwe-scion nge-stock kwenzeka, le nqubo iphetha entwasahlobo. Ngakho-ke, ungathola ngokusebenza kokufakelwa lapho umuthi uvuka emva kobusika.

Okokuxhunyelelwa kwama-cherries ngalesi sikhathi, indlela yokuqamba nokuxhunyelelwa esiqeshini ihambisana kahle. Ukuxhunyelelwa kwe-Autumn kwenziwa, kuvame umqhele wesihlahla namagatsha aseceleni, izihlahla ezinonyaka owodwa ubudala - esiqwini. Ukuze uthole amahlumela ezimpande, ukuxhunyelelwa ngaphezulu kwentamo yezimpande kufanelekile.

Ukuvikela ukuqanda kokugoma sekwephuzile, kufanele kufakwe:

1. Songa isiza sokuxhunyelelwa ngesendlalelo esisongekile sephepha eligoqiwe esikhwameni.
2. Qoqa phansi kwesakhiwo nge-accordion bese usivikela ngentambo.
3. Thela i-sawdust esikhwameni, uthambisa ngokucophelela bese ubopha ingxenye engenhla.
4. Beka esikhwameni sepulasitiki ngaphezulu kwephakheji.
5. Ukuqinisekisa ukushintshana komoya okufanele, beka utshani obomile phakathi kwe-polyethylene nephepha.
   

   Umuthi wokugoma kufanele ufakelwe ekwindla sekwephuzile ukuze “ungapheki” ngaphansi kwelanga elishayo

Umuthi wokugomela, owenziwe entanjeni yezimpande, ngeke uhlupheke yiqhwa, uma uwumboza ngamahlamvu awile noma amagatsha e-spruce.

Ukugoma i-cherry ebusika

Yize kunombono okhona, kunengqondo impela ukugoma ama-cherries ezinyangeni zobusika. Kukholelwa ukuthi izihlahla ezixhunyekwe ngalesi sikhathi ziqala ukuthela izithelo ngaphambili futhi zibekezelele ukubanda kalula.

Kodwa-ke, kufanele uqonde ukuthi ukuphumelela kokuhlinzwa okwenziwe ngqo engadini emakhazeni kuzoba zero: ebusika, izinqubo ze-metabolic zehla kancane, isitshalo siphumule. Ngakho-ke, ukugoma kwenziwa ngaphakathi ezindlini, ngokuvamile ngoFebhuwari, ukunakekela ukulungiswa kwesitoko ne-scion kusengaphambili.

Ngokuqondene nobunzima bezinqubo zokulungiselela ukugoma ebusika, zenziwa ikakhulu ezindaweni zokusiza izingane.

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-cherry zinomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kokugoma kobusika. Njengomuntu scion, izimpande kahle:

• Ubusha;
• URobin
• I-Zagoryevskaya;
• Bulatnikovskaya.

Izinkomba ezinhle kakhulu njengesitoko ngesikhathi sokusebenza kobusika ziboniswa ngu:

• Vladimirskaya;
• ILyubskaya;
• Ijazi le-Fur;
• Rastunya.

Izindlela zokugoma ama-cherries ebusika

Ngokusho kochwepheshe, indlela yokuqamba kahle eyenziwe kahle ilungele kakhulu ukugoma ebusika. Uphakamisa ukuthi i-scythe engu-2,5-3 cm ubude yenziwa esikhungweni nasosiphungweni. Ulimi "lusikwa" yingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu onqenqemeni lwezigaba, izakhi zixhunyiwe.

Lapho kuxhuma isitoko ne-scion, izilimi ezihlukanisayo kufanele ziye ngemuva komunye nomunye

Ngokufanelekile, ububanzi besitoko ne-scion kufanele kufane.

Isitoko ne-scion stock

Njengesitoko, kukhethwa izihlahla ezincane ezinobubanzi obungu-5 cm, zihambisane ne-scion. Ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba - ekuqaleni kukaNovemba ayembiwa, afakwa emabhokisini noma ezikhwameni zelevanisi afafazwe ngesihlabathi esimanzi. Kuleli fomu, izithombo zigcinwa egumbini elingaphansi noma egumbini elingaphansi komhlaba ekushiseni okungu-0 kuya ku-3⁰C, ngezikhathi ezithile kuhlolwa izinga lokuswakama kwabo. Ngezinsuku eziyi-1-2, amasheya adluliselwa egumbini elifudumele, ahlanze futhi asuswe izimpande ezonakele.

Ama-scion cut cut asikwa ekwindla sekwephuzile noma ekuqaleni kukaDisemba. Ukushisa komoya akufanele kwehle ngaphansi -10⁰C. Izisiki ziyagoqwa, zigoqwe nge-polyethylene futhi zigcinwe emiphongolweni noma esiqandisini kuze kufike usuku lokugonywa.

Ungayigcina kanjani izihlahla kuwo

Ngemuva kokugoma, izithombo kumele zikhishwe lapho zingasebenzi. Babekwe emabhokisini ane-sawdust emanzi, i-moss noma isihlabathi futhi bathunyelwa ukuhlangana egumbini lokushisa elifudumele kakhulu elinokushisa kuka + 28 ... +30⁰C. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-8-10 zidluliselwa engaphansi, lapho ziyobe zingamazinga okushisa angama-0 kuye +3⁰Ukusuka kuze kube yilapho ukutshala ku-greenhouse entwasahlobo. Izithombo zidluliselwa endaweni ehlala njalo ekwindla konyaka olandelayo.

Ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kwezithombo ezihlanganisiwe, kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-sawdust ihlala imanzi

Ividiyo: Ukugonywa kweCherry yasebusika

Ngakho-ke, ukuxhunyelelwa kwentwasahlobo kwentwasahlobo kunika imiphumela ephezulu kakhulu yokuhlanganiswa kwe-scion nge-stock. Uma ngasizathu simbe bekungeke kwenzeke ukuhlinzwa entwasahlobo, ungapheli amandla, wenze lo msebenzi ngesizini elilandelayo, ukhetha isikhathi esifanele nezindlela zokugoma.