Uma uqala ukuhlangana ne-tillandse kubonakala sengathi ngaphambi kokutshala kweso. Iqiniso liwukuthi isiko sinendlela yezimbali ezihamba phambili zombala wokuqala. Kubonakala sengathi i-peduncle yayo inqunywe ephepheni elinemibala futhi idwetshwe ngumculi onomdlandla. Ngakho engavamile futhi ekhangayo, ibukeka phakathi kwemifino eluhlaza. Kuyini i-tillandsiya yedwa, indlela yokuyikhulisa ngayo nokuthi yiziphi izindinganiso zokunakekelwa okufanele zilandele, konke lokhu esizoxoxa ngakho kulesi sihloko.
Hlangana nesimenywa esishisayo
I-Tillandsia ingumakhelwane oqhakazile futhi oyingqayizivele wezitshalo ezishisayo ezimelela umndeni we-bromeliad. Lesi sihlahla esimnandi esivuthiwe sasivela kithi emazweni ashisayo nasezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba. Izwe lakubo yiMelika. Uyazi? Lesi sitshalo sasinegama elibi kakhulu abalimi abaningi abangazange bathande. Kulokhu, umsunguli wemvelo waseSweden uCarl Linnaeus wabiza kabusha lezi zinhlobo, ezibiza ngokuthi udumo lwendabuko eyaziwa kakhulu e-Finnish u-Elias Tillands.
Endle, ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukene, kunezinhlobo ezingu-400 kuya kwezingu-700 zeziko ze-epiphytic. Iningi labamele abathintekayo ngamatshe noma izihlahla, lithatha umswakama kubo nezinto eziwusizo. Ezinye izinhlobo zithola umswakama usebenzisa izilinganiso emahlamvu. 
Ukuchaza ukubukeka kwe-tillandia kunzima kakhulu, ngoba isivakashi sezitshalo ezishisayo siyamangalisa ngokuqala kwayo kanye nokuhlukahluka. Okuthandwa kakhulu endaweni yethu yizinhlobo ezinamaqabunga amnyama amnyama amnyama, kuze kube ngu-35 cm ubude, ngezinye izikhathi izilwanyana ezinama-peduncles. Izinhlobo ezinamaqabunga amhlophe nezibomvu zihlukile kakhulu.
Ama-tillands amaningi ayenawo ama-stems, kodwa ezinye izinhlobo zinezinhlobo zazo. 
Emva kokuqhakaza, i-rosette yomama yamaqabunga efa, ikhulula amahlumela amancane ngaphambi kwayo.
Kubalulekile! Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, umfundi wakho wezitshalo ezokuthambile uzokujabulela ngezimbali zomnyaka wesibili noma wesithathu wokuphila. Uma engathandi okuthile (isibonelo, ukukhanya okungalungile, ukunakekelwa okungafanele), angeke aqhakaze nhlobo.
Izinhlobo zendawo
Izimo zethu zezulu, ngeshwa, azithandi i-Tillands. Ngakho-ke kudingekile ukuba sikhule ezindaweni ezigumbini. Futhi lokho, hhayi zonke izinhlobo. Senza uhlu lwabantu abathandwayo kakhulu balabo abalimi bembali:
- Tillandsiya Anita - i-hybrid eyingqayizivele enomphumela wokuhlobisa ophezulu. Amaqabunga amade afushane ezinhlobonhlobo aqoshwe emakhanda aluhlaza. Ngentshisekelo enkulu nokukhathalela yiziqu zokuqala zezimbali zesimo se-spike, lapho izimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezintathu-petal zifakwa khona, zihlotshiswe ngama-pink bracts aphuzi. Ngemuva kokuba izimbali zimile, i-spike nge-bracts isikhathi eside yenza isiko singavamile.
- I-tillandsia ye-Atmospheric - abalimi bezintandokazi abazithandayo. Ngenxa yalesi siko, ikhaya lakho lingashintsha ekhoneni elincane elishisayo. Lesi sitshalo sibheka ukubonakala kwayo okungajwayelekile: asinaso izimpande, sithatha umswakama emoyeni ngosizo lwezikali emahlumela namaqabunga, futhi izimpunga zayo ezihlaza-grey, ama-25-30 cm ubude, ukuhamba futhi zihlale phansi.
- I-grade ethandwa kunazo zonke zezilwane zasemkhathini tylandus, eyaziwa ngokuthi intshebe yendoda endala, izinwele zezingelosi, ama-moss aseSpain. Amagama anjalo ahlotshaniswa nezinhlangano ezibangelwa ukubukeka kwesiko: izinwele ezingenasisekelo-iziqu, esikhundleni sezinwele zezinwele, zihlotshiswe ngezimbali eziphuzi eziphuzi. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukukhula okugcwele kwezinsizakalo ze-usnevidnogo kudingekile ukwesekwa okudingekayo, lapho ukuhlaselwa kweziqu kuzokwehla.
Uyazi? Indlu "intshebe yendoda endala" - iNingizimu Melika, eyayihlala amaNdiya. Lapho abasolwandle baseSpain behamba baya emaphethelweni ezweni. Lapho bebonile izintshevu zabo, ama-aborigines aseMelika aqala ukubiza i-curling tillandia ekuhlonipheni kwabo.
Ukunakekela nemibandela endlini
Tillandsia - namanje lokho kungenasisekelo. Inqubo yokukhulisa isakhamuzi esingavamile, inikeza ukudala endlini yezulu ngokuseduze kunokwenzeka ezindaweni ezishisayo. Kodwa, uma ufunde ngokuningiliziwe yonke imikhuba nemikhuba yenkambiso, ukubuka imigomo yokumnakekela ekhaya, uzokwazi ukujabulela ukuqhakaza kwesilwane sakho ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila kwakhe.
Ukukhanyisa
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ekunakekeleni tillandia ikhetha indawo efanele endlini. Amasiko ayithandi ilanga eliqondile. 
Ikhoneni elihle kunazo zonke ehlobo iwindi lesenyakatho lishaywa ehlobo, nasentshonalanga noma empumalanga - ebusika. Ehlobo, ingafakwa emgodini we-glazing noma i-veranda, uma kunesidingo, i-pritenyat. Izinhlobo ze-atmospheric ziyakwazi ukubekezelela ukukhanya okuncane. Kubalulekile! U-Tillandsiya ukhetha ukuhamba kwelanga lokukhanya. Ngakho-ke, ebusika idinga ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Ngezinhloso ezinjalo, sebenzisa izibani ezijwayelekile ze-fluorescent.
Ukushisa
Ukushisa okunamandla ekamelweni lapho isiko lihlala khona ehlobo ngu-20-24˚С, ebusika - + 18-20 °. Kuyafaneleka futhi njalo umoya ekamelweningoba isivakashi esivela ezindaweni ezishisayo sidinga umoya ohlala njalo. Kodwa, lapho kuqhutshwa umoya ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lesi sitshalo asiwa phansi, okuyinto echaphazela kakhulu ukuphila kwayo. Awukwamukeli imbali kanye nokushisa okushisayo okusizayo. 
Ukunisela nokuswakama
Inqubo ehlelekile efanele yokunisela nokugcina izinga elidingekayo lomswakama ekamelweni kuyisihluthulelo sempumelelo empilweni yokunakekela i-tillandsia. Kodwa-ke, lapho uhlela le nqubo, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe izici ze-varietalngoba zonke izinhlobo zinezinhlanzi.
- Isiko esinamandla idinga izingxenye ezivamile zomswakama. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi engaphansi kwayo ayigodi. Ehlobo, kunconywa ukuba amanzi ngqo ngaphansi kokuphuma kwempande. Ebusika, ukuma ukukhanya komhlabathi kuvunyelwe. Ngaphezu kokunisela, umfundi onjalo kufanele aphucwe ngamanzi nsuku zonke, engabandakanyi isikhathi sokumbali.
- Ukungabi nezimpande izinhlobo zomoya kuqeda isidingo sokuwahambisa. I-tillandsia enjalo kufanele ifakwe njalo ngamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa. Kunconywa ukubeka eduze kwamapellets noma ezinye iziqukathi ngamanzi.
- Okungafani okungafani weluleka ukuba ngezikhathi ezithile ungene emgodini wamanzi. Ikakhulukazi lapho kwenzeka ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, lokho okushiwo yizitshalo kuzokutshela ukuthi kukhona amaqabunga aphikisiwe.
Izindlela zomswakama ekhoneni lesitshalo sekhaya lakho kufanele zibe ngu-70-75%, futhi ungawe ngaphansi kuka-60%. Ukufafaza okuvamile nokuvamile kuyimbangela ebaluleke kunazo zonke yokunakekelwa kwe-tillandia.Uma ufuna ukuhlela ekhoneni elincane elishisayo endlini yakho, qaphela izitshalo ezinjalo: Strelitzia, Achmeia, Guzmania, Philodendron, Asplenium, Pepermia, Nephrolepis, Platiserium.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Khetha umanyolo we-thylandia Kulula kakhulu: Kungatshalela ama-orchid noma imifino eyinkimbinkimbi yezilimo ezimbali. Umthamo kufanele ulungiswe kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwembali: imbiza yezinhlobo zelulekwa ukunciphisa ukulinganisa okukhonjisiwe emiyalweni ngezikhathi ezimbili, ne-epiphytic - ngo-4. 
Ngokuphathelene namahluzo okufaka umquba, abaqeqeshi bemifino abanolwazi bayalulekwa ukuba bacebe isigodi esishisayo njalo emavikini amabili ehlobo nasekuseni.
Kubalulekile! Kunconywa ukuthi isiko sondliwe ngendlela ehambisana naso, kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwalo, okungukuthi, ukufaka umanyolo emafabini kanye neziqu.
Ukuqala nini futhi kanjani
I-Tillandsia iqhakaza ngoJulayi-Agasti. Nge-peduncles enjenge-spike, ifomu le-tubular elincane elikhanyayo. Iphalethi yombala ihlukahluka kakhulu: i-pink, ephuzi, emhlophe, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu, obomvu nezinye. Amathoni. Umbala omuhle wembali ugcwalisa imibala ehluke kakhulu ye-bracts. Ukuthobela okungalungile imithetho yokunakekela kungabangela ukuthi isilwane sakho ngeke kukujabulise ukuqhakaza. Kodwa uma uhlolisisa ngokucophelela zonke izinto zakhe, ngomnyaka wesibili uzohlobisa indlu yakho ngezimbali ezikhangayo ezikhangayo. 
Ukudluliselwa nini futhi kanjani
Ngokujwayelekile iTillandsia ayidingi ukufakelwa, ngoba ngemuva kwenkathi ngayinye yokuchichima isiko "liphindaphinda": ingxenye yalo endala ifa futhi amahlumela amasha azalwa. Pot tillandsii batusa ukutshala kabusha yonke iminyaka engu-2-3 kanti uma izimpande zawo ziphuma emigodini yamanzi. Isitshalo kumele sisuswe ngokucophelela ebhodweni bese sibeka esitsheni esisha nge-substrate elungiselelwe ngaphambilini.
Kubalulekile! Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo okumele kwenziwe kufanele kwenziwe uma kwenzeka kuthengwa isitshalo esitolo. Kudingekile ukufaka esikhundleni senhlabathi yesitolo ngaphansi kwayo ngenhle kakhulu.Ukwenza lokhu, okokuqala, udinga ukukhetha isitsha esingaba nobubanzi obuningi kunokujula, kusukela uhlelo lwempande lenkambiso alujulile. Okwesibili, kubalulekile ukulungisa i-substrate: noma uthenge ingxube ekhethekile yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, noma uyenze ngokwakho, uhlanganise umhlabathi we-foliar, i-humus, i-sphagnum, i-peat, izimpande ze-fern ne-pine bark ngokulinganisela okulinganayo.
Isiko sokuguqula entwasahlobo.Ukukhiqizwa ekhaya
Ukwenziwa kabusha kwe-tylandusia kwenzeka ngezinhlobo zembewu noma ngembewu.
Izingane
Ukukhiqizwa kwamasiko ngezingane kwenziwa entwasahlobo noma ehlobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izinqubo ezisehlangothini, ezifinyelele ku-8 cm, zihlukaniswe ngokucophelela kokungena komama, kanye nokusika okufafazwa ngamalahle achotshoziwe. Izithombo ezihlukanisiwe zifakwa masinyane emgodini ogcwele i-substrate, ephuziswa njalo futhi ekhishwa. Endabeni ye-tillandsii yasemkhathini, konke kulula kakhulu. Esikhathini somuthi omdala, ukudubula kwanoma yisiphi isayizi kuvele kuqedwe futhi kuhlanganiswe ukwesekwa. 
Imbewu
Labo abafisa ukukhula tillandia kusuka imbewu batuswa ukuba bathenge imbewu esitolo sezimbali. Hlwanyela phezu kwe-substrate emanzi ye-peat nesihlabathi. Kulesi simo, imbewu kufanele ibekwe phezulu enhlabathini bese imboza isitsha sayo ngefilimu noma ingilazi. Ngemva kokuhlwanyela, isitsha sigcinwe ekamelweni elicacisiwe ngokushisa kwama-25 ° C. Ngemva kwenyanga nesigamu, imbewu kufanele ifike.
Kubalulekile! Ukulima kwezithombo zembewu - umsebenzi owenza kahle, ukuqaliswa okudingeka ube nesineke. Izithombo zikhula kancane kancane, futhi aziqhakazi ngokushesha kungakapheli iminyaka emihlanu, ezinye futhi emva kuka-10.
Izifo nezinambuzane: izindlela zokulwa
Ngenxa yokuthi tillandsiya weza kithi evela emazweni ashisayo, akesabi izinambuzane zendawo futhi akahambisani nezifo. Nokho, unezitha eziningana:
- Izinambuzane (izinambuzane ezincane, ama-whiteflies, izibungu ezikhukhulayo). Zihlasela ngokuyinhloko lesi sitshalo ngemuva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo, lapho sisesebuthakathaka kakhulu, noma sinakekelwa okungalungile. Into yokuqala okumele uyenze ngayo isiko elithathelwanayo ukuwugeza ngamanzi asosi, bese uyivuma bese uyifaka isisombululo se-insecticide (Akmelik, Karbofos).
- Ukubonakala kwamabala amnyama emaqabunga amahlamvu kanye neziqu zalesi sitshalo kubonisa ukutheleleka kwefungal. Isixazululo se-Fundazol sizosiza ukunqoba isimenywa esinjalo esingamukelwa.
- Amaqabunga aphikisiwe ase-tillandsii - uphawu lokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi. Kudingekile ukuwasebenzisa ngokucophelela.
- Uma kwenzeka ushintsho lokushisa okungazelelwe, tillandia ingachitha amaqabunga ayo. Isizathu salokhu kuziphatha singase sibe nokufakwa ngokweqile noma ukubola kwempande.
- Umfundi wakho uzokutshela ngokuntuleka kokukhanya ngamaqabunga amnyama, ngokuchichima kwakhe - ngamagatsha aphuzi.
- Amaqabunga amnyama noma ama-brown - umphumela wokuchelela ngokweqile.
