Konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwegumbi lokuqala endlini kanye nasensimu. Isithombe sezitshalo

I-Primula noma okuthiwa i-Primrose - isitshalo esihlotshaniswa kakhulu sehlobiso. Ungakhula imbali ekhaya nasensimini. I-Primula izojabulisa abadayisi bezimbali ngezimbali zayo zakuqala, ezibonakala zingasekwephuzile ebusika noma entwasahlobo.

Okulandelayo, uzofunda amathiphu ekukhuleni imbali ekhanyayo ekhaya nasensimini, funda ngalokho izifo nezinambuzane ezingabhubhisa lesi sitshalo.

Incazelo yezitshalo

I-Primula - imelela umndeni wama-primroses. Esinye sezitshalo ezivame kakhulu emhlabeni, ezinamayelana nezinhlobo ezingu-500. I-Primrose ihlala njalo futhi yonyaka. Kukhona imbali e-Alps, e-Asia, e-Himalaya, eNingizimu naseNyakatho Melika, eYurophu. Igama lesiLatini lembula izici zalesi sitshalo. I-Primula - ihunyushwe ngokuthi "kuqala."

Yilowo omelela imifula eqala ukuqhuma phakathi kwazo zonke, kwenzeka ngokushesha ngemuva kweqhwa. Ukuqhakaza isikhathi eside. Lolu hlobo luthinta izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-shades: kusuka ku-pink ekhanyayo kuya emnyama. Izimbali zihlangana ngama-racemes noma ama-inflorescences afane nesambulela. Eziningi zezilwane zahlonywa ngenxa yobuhle beziqhakabhaka. Izinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu ezithandwayo Danova no-Obkonika.

Amaqabunga e-Primrose asuka emmpandeni futhi eqoqiwe esitolo. Izitshalo zihlangene futhi zibala. Emaphethelweni efihlekile amahlumela. Akuzona njalo ziqoqwe ku-inflorescences, kunezinhlobo lapho kuhluma okukodwa. Ziyifomu elifanele, amacembe akhula ndawonye phansi.

I-Primula iyimbali enotshani, okusho ukuthi usayizi wayo uzoba ohlangene futhi omncane. Ubukhulu obujwayelekile bembali buvela kumamitha angu-25 kuya kwangu-30. Kodwa ngenkathi izimbali ezitshalweni ziningi kakhulu. Ziyi-shades ezikhanyayo futhi zimboza ivolumu eluhlaza "ikhefu."

Isithombe

Khona-ke ungabona izithombe zalezi zinhlobo ze-primrose njengoDanova no-Obkonika:

I-Primula Danova:

I-Primula Obkonika:

Ukukhula njengembali yasendlini ekhaya

1. Ukushisa

   Kubalulekile! Ukuze i-Primula, izimo zokushisa ezifanele ziyadingeka.

   Esikhathini sentwasahlobo nasekwindla, kufanele kube ngu-18 ... +20 degrees. Ebusika, kusukela +15 kuya ku-+18, futhi phakathi nenkathi yezimbali + 17 ... +20 degrees. Lapho kugcinwa lezi zinkomba, lesi sitshalo sizokhula isikhathi eside nangaphezulu kakhulu. Esikhathini sokushisa kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu. Akunconywa ukubeka imbali eduze kwamabhethri, kungayithinta kabi.

2. Ukukhanyisa Ukuqhaqhazela njengelanga, kodwa akubekezeli imisebe eqondile. Kusukela kubo, lesi sitshalo sivela ezindaweni ezibomvu, bese kuthi imbali iqale. Izimbali ngaphansi kwelanga eliqondile liphila isikhathi esifushane futhi lidlulile.

   Ungabeka i-Primula kunoma iyiphi i-sill window ngaphandle kwe-one one. Uma ibhodlela likude namafasitela, kuzomele kudingeke ukukhanya okungeziwe. Uma kungekho okukhethwa kukho, futhi imbali kufanele ibekwe eceleni, yenza isiqiniseko sokunikeza umthunzi.

3. Umswakama

   Njengoba i-Primula ikhula endaweni emanzi endle, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi imbali yangaphakathi ikhule emhlabathini inomswakama omkhulu. Kodwa ungagcwalisi kahle imbali ngamanzi, njengoba ukwedlula umswakama kuzoholela ekuboleni nasekufeni kokulandelayo kwezimpande.

   Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo asikho isidingo sokufiphaza, kepha ebusika singenziwa ngesibhamu sophethi.

Ukukhethwa kwenhlabathi

• Ground Izitolo ze-Flower zithengisa inhlabathi ekhethekile ye-Primrose. Uma kunokwenzeka, ingxube yomhlabathi ingenziwa yedwa. Lokhu kuzodinga i-peat, isihlabathi esinamafutha, umhlaba we-turf nama-humus ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo. Njengoba uhlanganisile zonke lezi zakhi, umhlaba onezondlo, okhungathekile futhi ophephekayo uzovela.
• Umquba. Ezimweni zokuhlala I-Primula blooms phakathi nobusika. Kuze kube yilolu phuzu, imbali kumele idliwe ngama-fertilizer eziyinkimbinkimbi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kufanele ziqukathe izinto ezinjenge: potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus. I-potassium ne-phosphorus inikeza ukubunjwa kwe-efihlekile, futhi i-nitrogen izosiza ukukhula amaqabunga amnandi.

  Engxenyeni yesibili ekwindla, ukugqoka okuphezulu kuncipha noma kuyeka ngokuphelele ukwenza. Uma ama-buds evela, abuyiselwa futhi, kodwa i-nitrogen ayifakiwe ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kwe-Primrose ottsvetet, mnike isikhathi sokuphumula cishe inyanga, ngaphandle kokwenza izingubo.

• Ukukhetha izitsha. Ibhodlela akumele libe lijulile, kodwa lanele ngokwanele. I-Primula inezimpande ezinamandla, ngakho zidinga isikhala.
  Usizo Izinto ezivela lapho ibhodlela lenziwa khona kungaba yimuphi omunye ngaphandle kwensimbi nesilazi. Njengoba lezi zinto ngokwazo zibandayo futhi zipholile ngokushesha, zizopholisa uhlelo lwempande, futhi lokhu akumukeleki.

Indlela yokunakekela ensimini?

Ngesikhathi sokusika?

Ukudubula kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu ekunakekelweni kwe-Primula engadini. Ngaphansi kwezimo akufanele kunganakwa. Kwenzeka kuphela esikhathini esithile. Ukudubula kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, okwenzeka ngasebusika sekwephuzile - kwentwasahlobo. Kudingekile ukusika izimbali ezinamathela eziphelile.Lokhu kuvuselela umvuthwandaba omusha wezimbali. Amaqabunga e-Yellowing nawo asusiwe.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwabelana ngamasokhi?

Izitolo zihlukaniswe kuphela ezinhlobonhlobo zesikhathi eside. Ukuba semasimini afanayo eminyakeni embalwa elandelanayo, imbali ikhula kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, amasokhethi ahamba futhi avuleke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlabathi iba izakhi ezincane, i-Primula ikhula kakhulu futhi ilahlekelwa umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa. Ukuhlukaniswa njalo kwezisekelo kuyadingeka. Kuyinto evamile ukwenza inqubo enjalo kanye njalo eminyakeni 2-3.

Ukuze kuhlukaniswe kahle nokufakelwa kwezitshalo ezifanele, kudingekile ukuba uchithe kahle isihlahla, bese usimba, uhlanza izimpande zenhlabathi futhi uhlukanise zibe izingxenye eziningana. Ingxenye ngayinye akufanele ishiywe ngaphandle kwempande. Lesi sigaba senziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.

Umhlabathi, umanyolo, ukuchelela

• Inhlabathi iyadingeka ivundile. Kubalulekile ukwenza inhlanganisela yenhlabathi yensimu yeqabunga bese ufaka inani elincane lomquba noma udoti. Kanti futhi abalimi bezitshalo abahlangene nabo bayelulekwa ukuba bathulule isihlabathi kuze kube phansi njengamanzi, angeke avumele amanzi ukuba ahlasele.
• Umquba. Ukondla i-Primula engadini kuvela ngesikhathi lapho amaqabunga aqala khona, futhi ukuqedela ukugqoka kumele kube sekupheleni kwezimbali. Amaminerali amaminerali azokwenza kodwa adinga ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlushwa okuphansi kunalokho okulotshwe ephakheji. Zilethe kabili ngenyanga.
• Ukunisela I-Garden Primula idinga ukuchelela njalo, kepha akufanele ukhuphule lesi sitshalo. Kuzokwanela kabili ngesonto. Ngesikhathi sokushisa, kubalulekile ukuphinda kabili imvamisa yokuchelela. Ukuqinisekisa izimo ezifanele imbali, emva kokuphuzisa inhlabathi ikhululiwe.

Izici zonyaka

Ukulungiselela ekwindla

Ekwindla, izitolo eziye zahlukaniswa futhi zatshalwe kabusha kufanele ziphuze kahle. Ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwe-primrose ebusika, ukuchelela kufanele kube nsuku zonke, kodwa ungadluli. I-socket ayitholakali ebusika, izokwenza umsebenzi wokuvikela i-rhizome kusuka ekugqithiseni ngokweqile.

Incomo. Ukuze imbali ikwazi ukukhululeka phakathi nenkathi ebandayo, isihlahla sifafaza nge-humus emjikelezweni wempande. Le nqubo izosindisa isitshalo esivela efrijini bese isilalisa.

Ezinye izinhlobo zidinga ukulungiselela okuningi okucatshangelwayo. Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zihlanganiswe ngamahlamvu kanye ne-agrofibre. I-hybrid Primrose futhi idinga ukushintshwa emabhokisini futhi igcinwe endlini endlini ebusika.

Ubuqili bokunakekelwa kwe-primrose ekwindla kuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe esihlokweni sethu.

Imbali yasebusika

Ukuze uthole isikhathi esihle sasebusika, imbali idinga ukushisa okungenani + 13 ... +14 degrees. Kukhona izinhlobo ezibekezelela ukushisa okungezansi kwezingu-16 ... +17 degrees. Akudingi ukuchelela okuvamile. Kuyenzeka kuphela uma ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi loma. Ukunisela kufanele kube kanye ngesonto, hhayi ngaphezulu.

Uhlezi

Ukuhlala kuphelile njalo eminyakeni embalwa, lapho u-Primrose ekhula, futhi izisekelo ezintsha ziqala ukuhlangana. Kunconywa ukwenza lokhu entwasahlobo noma ngenyanga ka-Agasti ukuze isitshalo singathatha izimpande ngaphambi kweqhwa lokuqala.

Inhlanganisela yomhlabathi kufanele ibe yilezi: isihlabathi, i-sod, iqabunga lomhlaba. Uma imbali ikhula ebhodweni, unakekele amanzi (cishe amasentimitha amabili) kusengaphambili. Seeding kwenziwa kuphela emva isitshalo seliqedile ukukhula. Ukuze ungaphazamisi inqubo yokukhula kwesikhathi.

Izinambuzane nezifo ezikhona, izindlela zokwelashwa

I-Primula inezifo eziningi nezinambuzane. Ngokuvamile, konke ukubukeka kwabo kubangelwa okuqukethwe okungalungile kwembali. Ngezansi sicabangela kahle ukuthi yiziphi izifo nezinambuzane eziyingozi kulolu sitshalo.

Izifo:

1. I-Jaundice
2. Ikhukhamba kaMose.
3. I-wilting esetshenzisiwe.
4. Idonsa likaMealy.

Izinambuzane:

• Aphid
• I-Weevil.
• Isibungu se-spider

Ama-aphid nama-mites ngokuvamile avela esitshalweni esimweni esomile nesishisayo. Ukuze unqobe ama-parasites kudingeka ufefaze izinambuzane ezifanele.

Ngenxa yokuphuza ngokweqile, isifo esibizwa ngokuthi "grey rot" ngokuvamile sihlangana. Ukulungisa inkinga, kufanelekile ukunciphisa inani lokunisela futhi ulifake nge-fungicide efanele.

Kubalulekile! Isifo esiyingozi kunazo zonke kubhekwa njengokuqothulwa kwefungal. Kuyoba khona lesi sifo, mhlawumbe entwasahlobo. Uma amaqabunga enamabala aqondile, khona-ke imbali iyamangala.

Ama-fungal izindawo angabhubhisa ngokuphelele i-Primula, futhi uma imbali ikhula embhede, lesi sifo singasakazeka kalula kwezinye izimbali. Ukuze unqobe lesi sifo, amaqabunga asuswe, futhi izilonda ezinamandla kuzodingeka zisho i-Primula. Emva kwalokho, kubalulekile ukucubungula umbhede wonke ngesisombululo se-topsin noma isisekelo.

Isiphetho

I-Primula - isitshalo esihle esithinta ukuhluka kwayo. Lezimbali zasendlini zingakhula ekhaya nasezindaweni ezivulekile. Ukumnakekela akulula, kodwa ukwehluleka ukulandela imithetho kungadala ngisho nokufa kwesitshalo. Kubalulekile ukunamathela ezincomo zokunakekelwa bese imbali izojabula ngefihlekile yayo emangalisayo.