Amakhowe

Izici kanye namathiphu ama-mushroom amakhowe

Amakhowe akheniwe ebusika ekhaya ... Kunezindlela zokupheka ezingaphezu kokwenza lokhu. Futhi ngokukhumbula okukodwa kwalokhu okuthakazelisayo okuphefumulayo, yonke i-gourmet igeleza ematheni. Ngemuva kwalokho, isidlo esinjalo sizokwenza ngokufanelekile ukuhlanganisa nokuhlukanisa imenyu kwanoma imuphi umkhosi. Kodwa ukulungisa izipho zehlathi, kufanele usebenze kancane.

Sizokwethula ezinye zezimfihlo zobuciko bokupheka lokhu okuthakazelisayo futhi sifunde indlela yokukhipha amakhowe ekhaya.

Amathiphu ayisisekelo kumakhowe wokukhetha

Umsikazi ngamunye uthanda ukumangala izihlobo zakhe kanye nezivakashi ngesidlo sokuzenzela. Kulokhu, abantu abaningi benqabe ukuthenga ezitolo ezinkulu lezo mikhiqizo ezingahle zilungiselelwe, ikakhulukazi uma umnakekeli eyazi izimfihlo eziyinhloko zokuloba ekhishini. Ake siveze izimfihlo kanye nezindlela zokupheka ezipheka zokupheka amakhowe ashisayo ebusika, ngoba isidlo esinjalo siyisidlo esingenakulinganiswa.

Uyazi? Sekuyisikhathi eside kunezingxoxo mayelana nokuthi yikuphi umbuso okubandakanya lo mkhiqizo: izitshalo, noma izilwane. Futhi ngenxa yalokho, ngo-1960, bahlukanisa umbuso ohlukile - umbuso wamakhowe. Abamele bayo bahlanganisa amaprotheni (okubahambisa eduze kwezilwane) ma, ama-carbohydrate namaminerali (lezi zakhi zihambisana nezitshalo).
  1. Izitsha zalolu hlelo kumele zikhethwe kuphela, zifakwe ngaphakathi, ngoba leyo phakheji ayidliwa yiviniga.
  2. Ngokuqondene neviniga ye-marinade, khona-ke ukukhetha kwakho kungcono ukumisa isinkwa, noma izithelo. Indlela engcono kakhulu - iRhin (ukuzalanisa) neviniga elimnandi.
  3. Amakhowe amancane ahamba ngokugcwele, anqume ingxenye engezansi yomlenze. Lokhu kuzokwengeza esitsheni futhi kubukeka okungakahleleki.
  4. Uma phakathi "nokuzingela okuthulile" uthola izipho ezinkulu zehlathi, bayelulekwa ukuba bayinqume zibe yizicucu ezingu-3-4.
  5. Kunconywa ukulondoloza ama-caps amakhowe amhlophe namakhowe ase-aspen ngokwehlukana nezimpande.
  6. Amafutha akheniwe kufanele abe ngaphandle kwesikhumba.
  7. Ukulungiswa kwenani lezinqubo zokupheka kuhlanganisa ukuhamba amahora amaningana.

Yiziphi amakhowe afaneleka ukukhethwa?

Amakhowe wokuhlanza ebusika emabhange afaneleka noma yiliphi abameli balo mbuso ohlukile, ngaphandle kobuhlungu, yebo.

Uyazi? Amakhowe abhekwa njengabakhamuzi abahlukahlukene kakhulu emhlabeni. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba yizigidi ezimbili, phakathi kwazo eziyi-100,000 kuphela eziye zafundwa, kanti ngisho nangaphansi zihlukaniswa.
Uma ufuna izinhlobo zokulondolozwa kwemvelo, ukhetho lwakho kufanele lubekwe emakhowe amhlophe, ama-greenfinchs, ama-chanterelles, ama-butterflies, ama-mohovikov, i-yadikakh, i-ryzhikakh, ama-mushroom ama-mushroom, ama-mushroom ama-boletus, ama-goat, ama-russules, ama-porc rolls, amakhowe, njll.

Izindlela zokudoba

Ukupheka ukupheka amakhowe okufakwe ama-pickled ebusika ngaphezu kokwanele. Kodwa, kunezinkampani ezimbili kuphela, okuzo zonke izivakashikazi ezizisebenzisa.

Zijwayele indlela yokuvuna ubisi amakhowe, ama-boletus, amakhowe amhlophe ebusika.

Ukubilisa amakhowe ku-marinade

Le ndlela iyadingeka kakhulu, ngoba ukudla okuthandayo okusetshenziselwa ukupheka kuhlanganiswe nazo zonke izingxenye ze-marinade, futhi kutholakala izici ezinambitheka kakhulu ezivuthayo. Ukuze usebenzise le ndlela, uzodinga:

  • 1 kg amakhowe;
  • 0.5 tbsp. amanzi;
  • okwesithathu kweglasi leviniga;
  • 1 tbsp. usawoti;
  • 1 tsp ushukela;
  • 5-6 izingcezu ze-allspice;
  • i-clove, iqabunga le-bay ukuze linambitha;
  • i-citric acid (esiceleni sommese).
Amanzi athululelwa esitsha se-koqweqwe lwawo, uviniga nosawoti wanezelwa, futhi amakhowe afakwa kule nhlanganisela. Konke lokhu kufanele kuhanjiswe emathunjini bese upheka ngokushisa okuphansi.
Kubalulekile! Isikhathi sokupheka sincike kuhlobo lwesithako esiyinhloko: ama-caps amakhowe amhlophe namakhowe ase-aspen, kanye nama-chanterelles kanye nama-champignon abilisa ngamaminithi angu-20-25, imilenze yawo - amaminithi angu-15-20, namakhowe-amaminithi angu-25-30. Ngesikhathi sokupheka, kubalulekile ukuqoqa isikhumba socingo nge-skimmer ukuze i-marinade ingapheli.
Uma amakhowe akho ewile phansi epanini, kanti i-foam ayifuni ngenkathi ibilisa, ungawasusa emlilweni. Ungakwazi ukwengeza yonke i-spice, ushukela, i-clove, i-citric acid ne-bay leaf ekudleni okuphelile okuphelile. Isidishi esilahliwe kufanele sihlanganiswe zibe izimbiza, uthele uketshezi olumnandi phezulu futhi uvale ngokuqinile ama-lids.

Ukupheka amakhowe ngokwehlukana ne-marinade

Le recipe yokulondoloza amakhowe ebusika ukuthi imikhiqizo yamahlathini iphekwe ngokwehlukana ne-marinade emanzini anosawoti amancane. Inqubo yokupheka ngokwayo ifana nalokho okukhonjisiwe endleleni eyedlule. Amakhowe afakwa emgodini ogcwele ngamanzi anosawoti (30-40 g usawoti ngamanzi angu-1 litre) futhi abilisiwe kuze kube yilapho umkhiqizo uhlezi phezu kwamanzi futhi amanzi ebala, engakhohlwa ukususa isikhumba. Khona-ke, isidlo esiphundu sehla e-colander ukuze siphume umswakama owedlulele. Ngalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukulungiselela i-marinade ngokufana, okuzofuneka izithako ezilandelayo (izilinganiso ezikhonjisiwe 1 l):

  • I-80% ye-acetic essence: 3 tsp, noma u-9% uviniga (ingilazi eyodwa engama-1);
  • ushukela granulated - 2 tbsp.
  • usawoti - 1 tbsp;
  • amaqabunga e-bay - izingcezu ezingu-4-5;
  • ikhasi elimnyama - i-peas 10;
  • i-allspice - i-peas ayisithupha;
  • ukuqothulwa - amafihlethi 2-3;
  • Dill eyomile - 2-3 g
Zonke izingxenye zidinga ukuxutshwa nokuphekwa. Bese uthele i-liquid ehlile zibe izimbiza zama-mushroom ahlile bese uvale ngezingubo zepulasitiki.

Kubalulekile! Abanye abesifazana bangezela i-citric acid kuya emanzini (ngokusemthethweni ekugcineni kommese). Le nxenye uhlobo lokudla lokugoma ngokumelene ne-botulism. Ngenhloso efanayo, amabhange ayelulekwa ukuthi angagcini izindwangu zensimbi.

Iyiphi indlela yokukhetha ukukhetha

Zombili zokupheka amakhowe oqoshiwe ebusika zilingana, ngoba ekugcineni uthola isidlo esingenakulungiswa. Kodwa uma udweba umugqa wokuhlukanisa, indlela yokuqala ingabizwa ngokuthi iyinambitha, futhi ummeleli wesibili. Iqiniso liwukuthi, i-marinade, lapho amakhowe ephekwe khona, ekugcineni ayoba mnyama futhi adle kancane, azoba yi-viscous. Kodwa, ukunambitheka kweqhwa lehlathi kuyoba ikakhulukazi elimnandi futhi eliqhakambisa ukunambitheka.

Ngendlela yesibili, i-marinade izoba yinto ecacile futhi ekhanyayo. Ngakho-ke, ukhetha ukuthi ukhethe kanjani amakhowe ebusika emabhange, kubalulekile ukuzakhela ngokucacile inhloso yale nqubo: ukulungisa isitsha esiwubuciko setafula lekhaya, noma ikhophi "yezikhathi ezikhethekile".

Ukulungiselela amakhowe ekukhethweni

Ukuzingela ngokuphumelelayo izipho zehlathi kuyingxenye nje yempi, nakuba kudingekile ukuqapha okhethekile lapha, ngoba ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo ze-mushroom kungadala ngisho nokuqoqa amakhowa amaningi. Kufanele uqaphele ngokukhethekile amakhowe ngamunye ukuze ibhasikidi lingenayo inobuthi.

Emva kokuvuna, amakhowe kumele alungiselele ukulondolozwa ekhaya.

Hlunga

Izipho eziqoqiwe zehlathi kufanele zihlungwe ngohlobo, ngoba zonke izinhlobo zinezici zayo (ukunambitheka, iphunga, isikhathi nokuziphatha ngesikhathi sokupheka). Izinhlobo nazo zeluleka ukuba zihlukaniswe ngosayizi. Lapha umgomo wokuhlola uqala ukusebenza: etafuleni lokugubha amakhowe, amakhowe afanayo nobukhulu obufanayo abukeka emuhle nakakhulu.

Kubalulekile! Uma ufuna ukwenza isitsha se-mushroom, khumbula ukuthi, naphezu kolwazi olunikezwe ekuphekeni kokulungiselela amakhowe asemanzini ebusika, ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane akufanele ziphekwe ndawonye. Ngakho, ama-boletus azoba mnyama uma afakwa esitsheni esifanayo namakhowe ase-aspen. Ukupheka embizeni eyodwa yabamhlophe, i-aspen ne-bolet iphela nge-boletus ekugaywe, kuyilapho abamhlophe abane-boletus bephuza.

Gwema bese unciphisa

Lezi zinqubo zifanelekile ezinhlobonhlobo ezinjengezinyosi amakhowe, ama-walruses, i-svinushki, futhi ziyindlela yokuhlanza. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, u-honey agarics weluleka ukuba agibele ihora elilodwa emanzini anosawoti, bese uwahlanza ngaphansi kwe-jet amanzi enamandla. Le ndlela izokukusindisa isikhathi esiningi ongayidinga ukuhlanza ngesandla. Ngokuqondene nenani lezingulube, ngaphambi kokuhlanza amanzi, kumele zihlungwe izinsuku ezimbili emanzini abandayo abandayo. Amanzi adinga ukuguqulwa amahora onke ama-10-12.

Izinsalela ezisele (amhlophe, ama-aspen, ama-milky, ama-boletus, njll) azikwaziswa ukuthi zigcwale, njengoba zithatha umswakama obuningi. Bavele bedinga ukugezwa ngamanzi asebenzayo.

Ukuhlanza

Cishe wonke ama unit mushroom adinga ukuhlola nokuhlanzwa. Ngakho-ke, kuma-mushrooms kanye nebhotela, isikhumba kufanele sisuswe kuma-caps, kanti abokugcina bayelulekwa ukuba bafakwe emanzini abilayo amaminithi angu-1 ukuze bakwazi ukwenza le nqubo. Ezimhlophe, i-aspen, i-boletus, i-syroezhek neminye imilenze ihlukaniswe nama-caps, ama-chanterelles ahlanzekile ngokuphelele ukungcola kanye nama-debris ngaphansi kwamanzi asebenzayo.

Kubalulekile! Ukuhlanza amakhowe kumele kufakwe kwisisombululo samanzi, usawoti kanye ne-citric acid ku-1 litre amanzi / 1 hl. usawoti / i-2g acid ukuvimbela ukunyama.

Iresiphi ejwayelekile yokudoba

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kukhona iresiphi yendawo yonke yokulungisa amakhowe okufakwe ekhaya.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, izipho eziqoqiwe zehlathi kufanele zihlanzwe ngokuphelele ukungcola, imfucumfucu, i-wormy futhi ihlanzwe. Bilisa amakhowe alungele futhi ahlanzekile imizuzu engu-15-20, ngokufana nokulungiselela izimbiza ezinenzalo, amabhodlela kanye nezitsha ozidingayo.

Amakhowe akuzona nje okumnandi, kodwa futhi nomkhiqizo onempilo. Funda ngezinzuzo zamakhowe, ama-boletus, uju agaric, amakhowe, ama-mushroom e-porcini.

Faka inhlaza izimbiza ezinconywe kuhhavini, futhi ama-lids kudingeka abiliswe, kanye ne-spoon yokugqugquzela.

Ukuze unqume inani lemayini ye-marinade, amakhowe afakwa epanini futhi amanzi athululelwe emathini. Uketshezi kufanele kuthululwe aze afake umkhiqizo cishe ngo-3 cm. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, cabangela: kungakanani amanzi asetshenzisiwe, futhi kudingeke ukuba kube ne-marinade eningi kangaka. Ukuze ulungise uketshezi olukhethekile, udinga usawoti, izinongo kanye noviniga, okungeziwe emanzini afanele amanzi abilayo. Le brine kufanele ibilise imizuzu engaba ngu-5, emva kwalokho amakhowe ayengeziwe kuso. Zonke izithako ubilise enye imizuzu emihlanu. Ukudla okuphelile kufanele kufakwe ezimbizeni, kugcwaliswe i-brine futhi kuhlanganiswe. Beka umphumela "wokuzingela okuthulile" endaweni epholile futhi ulinde isizathu esihle sokudla. Kunezindlela zokupheka eziningi zokuwasha amakhowe, futhi wonke umuntu ophethe umjaho unesibhamu sakhe semfihlo. Kodwa, umgomo oyinhloko ngamunye wabo akufanele udle isidlo esilisayo, ngisho nalapho upheka. Futhi, nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokulondoloza, kubalulekile ukunamathela ngokuqinile kuzo zonke iziyalezo kanye namathiphu, indlela yokuphendula ngokucophelela ekulungiseleleni nasekuphekeni kwamakhowe, ngoba lokhu kudla kuyisimo esibucayi. Kodwa, uma kuphekwe ngokuhambisana nazo zonke izinkambiso, umphumela omuhle uzobonga yonke imizamo.