Izifo ze-Gooseberry kanye nokwelashwa kwazo

Izifo ze-Gooseberry zingasibhubhisa lesi sitshalo futhi zinciphise kakhulu inani lamajikijolo. Izifo zakhe ziyefana nalezi ze-currant. Kodwa-ke, ukugula kwakhe kusakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Kuyadingeka ukuthola imbangela yalesi sifo ngesikhathi futhi wenze ukwelashwa okudingekayo. Lesi sihloko sichaza izifo ze-gooseberry nezindlela zokulwa nazo.

Izimpawu ezikhombisa ukuthi isitshalo siyagula

Izimpawu zezifo ze-gooseberry zifaka:

• ukubonakala kweplagi elimhlophe emaqabungeni;
• amaqabunga amajikijolo aphenduka aphuzi, asontekile futhi omile;
• ukubonakala kwamabala aluhlaza emacembe;
• isitshalo siyayeka ukukhula, nokukhiqiza kunciphe;

Sick bush

• ukuhlanganiswa onsundu kwamajikijolo;
• amajikijolo aphenduka amhlophe noma amnyama;
• amaqabunga aba mancane futhi aqine;
• amajikijolo omile futhi awele ngaphezulu.

Ukuqonda ukuthi kungani ama-gooseberries awela amajikijolo futhi kuvela ezinye izimpawu, kuyadingeka ukuthola ukuthi hlobo luni lwesifo isihlahla esishayayo futhi sithathe izinyathelo ezifanele.

Izifo eziphambili nezindlela zokwelashwa

Ngezansi kwezifo ezivame kakhulu nokuthi yiziphi izindlela ezinganqotshwa.

Anthracnose

I-Gooseberry anthracnose yisifo sokukhunta. Ukubonakaliswa kwezimpawu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Lesi sifo sifinyelela esiqongweni saso ehlobo lesibili ehlobo.

Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-anthracnose?

Lesi sifo siqala ukusabalala kuzo zonke izingxenye zesitshalo. Ekuqaleni, kuvela amabala aluhlaza emacembe. Zinesibhubhu esimpunga lapho kukhula khona izinhlayiya ezingwevu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, la mabala aqala ukuguquka abe nsundu futhi akhule ngokushesha. Ngenxa yokwehlulwa esihlahleni, ukukhula kwamahlumela kuyancipha, amaqabunga ayoma, futhi umkhiqizo uyancipha.

Ukulwa nalesi sifo kungokulandelayo:

1. Esigabeni sokuqala, ukufafaza ngesisombululo se-sulfate yethusi kuyadingeka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlanganisa i-20 g ye-vitriol ne-5 l yamanzi.
2. Uma lesi sifo siqhubeka ukukhula, khona-ke u-1% we-Bordeaux fluid uyelashwa. Kwenziwa ngaphambi blooms esihlahleni, futhi emva kwalokho. Ngemuva kokuba amajikijolo esekhethiwe, isihlahla sifafazwa njalo.

Indawo emhlophe, noma i-septoria

I-Gooseberry Seporia nayo iyisifo sokukhunta. Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, izimpawu zokuqala zesifo ziqala ukuvela esitshalweni. Kuvela amabala amnyama namnyama. Banomngcele obomvu futhi isikhungo sikhanya kancane kunendawo yonke. Ukwakheka kwazo akuhambisani. Lapho isifo sisakazeka, umzimba wokugcwala ukhunta uqala ukubonakala. Ngenxa yokunqotshwa, amahlamvu ayoma futhi awe. Emagatsheni anezifo entwasahlobo, amahlumela awaqhakaza.

Ukwelapha isihlahla kusuka ku-septoria, kuyadingeka ukwenza izinyathelo ezifanayo ne-anthracnose. Kuyadingeka futhi ukondla lesi sitshalo ngomanyolo, lapho kukhona khona inani elikhulu le-boron, i-manganese, i-zinc ne-zethusi.

I-Gooseberry mosaic

Lesi sifo sithinta kuphela i-gooseberries. Kuyinto viral. Lesi sifo sisakazwa izinambuzane ze-gooseberry: ama-aphid, imikhaza, amalambu amhlophe. Futhi, isitshalo singagula ngethuluzi lengadi lapho lithathwa

I-Gooseberry mosaic

Izimpawu zesifo se-mosaic yilezi:

• iphethini elinobuhle livela emaqabungeni. Umbala wesithombe uphuzi noma uphuzi-luhlaza;
• amahlumela amasha nesitshalo uqobo siyayeka ukukhula;
• isivuno sincishiswa kakhulu;
• amahlamvu ayancipha futhi anciphise.

Azikho izindlela zokonga isitshalo. Amabhasi athintekile ayambiwa bese ayashiswa.

Ukugqwala kwebhola

Imbangela yalesi sifo isikhunta. Izwakala emaqabungeni awile futhi ingaphansi komhlaba. Lapho kufika intwasahlobo, amahlumela asakazeka awele esihlahleni.

Lesi sifo yisizathu esenza ama-gooseberries awele amajikijolo ngaphandle kokuvuthwa. Entwasahlobo, amabala e-orange noma aphuzi avela ngaphezulu kwamaqabunga. Emagqabini angezansi kwenhlamvu iqala ukukhula, efana nengilazi. Inezinhlamvu zesikhunta. Uma zilimele, izinhlamvu zomoya ziyahlakazeka futhi ziwe ezitshalweni ezinempilo.

Kunokufafaza i-gooseberries, ngakho-ke yi-Bordeaux ketshezi u-1%. Inqubo yenziwa kathathu: ngesikhathi sokuhluma, ukuqhuma kwezimbali, isonto elilodwa nohhafu ngemuva kokufafazwa kwesibili. Ama-fungicides aqukethe i-Copper nawo angasetshenziswa.

Ukugqwala kwe-Goblet

Isikali

Imvamisa abalimi banombuzo: amajikijolo we-gooseberry njengokungathi abilisiwe, hlobo luni lwesifo. Lokhu ukubonakaliswa kwesibanda. Ihlotshaniswa nomonakalo yi-fungi microscopic.

Libukeka kanjani ibala?

Izimbangela zesibanda:

• umswakama ophakeme futhi oqhubeka isikhathi eside;
• umehluko omkhulu wokushisa;
• ukugawulwa ngokweqile kwesihlahla;
• ukwanda kwenhlabathi nge-nitrogen;
• ukuqina komswakama enhlabathini.

Kushiya kuqala ukuhlupheka. Kuvela izichizi, ezikhula ngosayizi kancane kancane. Lapho-ke amajikijolo ayagula. Ngemuva kwalokho amahlumela ayathinteka, ukukhula kwawo kuyayeka.

Ukwelashwa kungenzeka ngezindlela zamakhemikhali noma ezinye izindlela.

Amakhemikhali:

• sulfate yethusi: insipho (75 g) hlanganisa namanzi (5000 ml). Faka i-sulfate yethusi (20 g);
• itopazi. Ilungiselelwe ngokuya ngemiyalo. Ukucutshungulwa kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kwesitshalo;
• I-Bordeaux ketshezi: i-zethusi sulfate (100 g), lime (100 g), amanzi (8000 ml) axutshwa.

Ukwelashwa ngemishanguzo yabantu kungenzeka esiteji sokuqala. Ukuze wenze lokhu:

• Isixazululo se-mullein. I-Mullein namanzi kuxutshaniswe (1: 3). Isihlahla sifafazwa nomenzeli;
• Isixazululo somlotha: i-ash (1000 g) ixubene namanzi (10 l). Phikelela ngesonto. Ukufafaza kwenziwa njalo ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili;
• isisombululo se-soda: insipho yokuwasha (50 g) ichitheka emanzini (10 l). Kungezwe uSoda (40 g). Ukucubungula kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza nangemva kwayo.

Mold

Isikhunta yisona sizathu esenza ama-gooseberries aqhekeke. Ukuvela kwayo kuhlotshaniswa nezifo ezilandelayo:

• i-powdery hlobo;
• ukubola okungwevu;
• ukugqwala kwe-goblet.

Ukugqwala kwebhola kubuyekezwe ngaphezulu. I-Powdery mildew kuzoxoxwa ngayo ngezansi. Ngokubola grey, amajikijolo ambozwe ngenhlanganisela empunga bese eqala ukubola.

Ungabhekana kanjani nokubola okungwevu kuma-gooseberries:

• ukufafaza nge-sulfate yethusi 3%;
• ukwelashwa ngesisombululo se-soda;
• ukususwa kwamahlumela athintekile, amaqabunga omisiwe namajikijolo.

I-Verticillus wilting

Lesi sifo sibangelwa yizinhlamvu zesikhunta ezithinta izimpande. Amahlamvu aphenduka aphuzi futhi aphelelwe amandla, kepha aqhubeke esihlahleni. Ekuqaleni, lesi sifo asinakugwenywa, kepha bese sikhula ngokushesha. Uma ungaqali ukwelashwa, khona-ke isikhunta siyokhuphukela emahlumela bese sivimba lonke uhlelo lokudla, ngenxa yalokho isitshalo esizofa.

I-Sphereotka (i-powdery isikhutha)

Kuyisifo sokukhunta. Lesi sifo siqala ukuthinta amajikijolo, amahlumela amasha namaqabunga. NgoJuni, ukubonakaliswa kwayo kuqala. I-plaque emhlophe ivela emaqabungeni, asakazekela ngokushesha kwamanye amaqabunga kanye namahlumela.

Isifo se-Powdery Mildew

Ngemuva kwalokho ukuloba okumhlophe kuba mpunga. Iba mnene futhi iqale ukuba mnyama. Zinama-spores we ukhunta. Zithwalwa kalula ngumoya ezinye ziya kwezinye izitshalo. Ngenxa yalesi sifo, amaqabunga awakhuli, awomile futhi aqhekekile. Izithelo nazo azikhuli, zimbozwe ngokuphelele ukubola. Zomile, ziyaqhekeka futhi ziyawa. Uma kungenakwelashwa, isihlahla siyafa ngemuva kweminyaka emibili.

Ngezimpawu zomonakalo, kuyadingeka ukufafaza izihlahla nge-phytosporin, i-Bordeaux liquid, spores. Ukufafaza kwenziwa kuze kube amahlandla amane lapho ihlathi lithinteka kakhulu: ngaphambi kokuqhakaza nasemuva kwalo, ngemuva kokuvuna nelinye iviki nesigamu kamuva.

Ukuvimbela

Ukuvimbela ukuvela kwezifo, ukunakekelwa kokuvimbela kuyadingeka. Kunje:

• kufanelekile ukukhetha izinhlobo ezingamelana kakhulu nezifo;
• liyadingeka ukulandela ibanga elincane eliphansi phakathi kwezihlahla ukuze zibe nezakhi ezanele emhlabathini;
• ama-gooseberry adinga ukondliwa, kepha, okubaluleke kakhulu, hhayi ukuwoqa;
• ukukhulula umhlaba ngaphansi kwezihlahla ngemuva kokunisela;
• nenze ekwindla nasekuthengeni kwentwasahlobo. Susa amahlumela asolisayo;
• liyadingeka ukushisa amaqabunga awile, futhi lisike amagatsha;
• uthele amanzi abilayo ngaphezulu kwama-gooseberries kuze kuvulwe izinso. Ukwenza ukufakwa kweBordeaux ketshezi nezinye izindlela zethusi entwasahlobo;
• tshala ugarlic, dill, chrysanthemums kanye nama-marigolds eduze kwesitshalo. Basabisa izinambuzane.