I-Moniliosis iyisifo se-fungal esithinta zonke izihlahla zezithelo, kufaka phakathi i-apricot, ngaphandle kokunye. Ibizwa ngokuthi ama-spores we-fungus. Kulesi sihloko uzofunda ukuthi lawa amakhowe angaphatha kanjani ama-apricot akho nokuthi ungawavikela kanjani ukuze ungalahlekelwa isithelo sakho sesithelo.
Incazelo nokulimala
Izihlahla zebhilidi zivame ukugula, esinye sezifo ezimbi kunazo zonke ukushisa komzimba. Izolo ubona imifino eluhlaza efana namafu, futhi namuhla amanye amagatsha ayomile, njengokungathi ayeqhwa.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinselele zokukhula kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-apricot njenge "Prince of March", "Black Velvet", "Northern Triumph", "Black Prince", "Kuban Black".
Izihlahla eziningi zezithelo zitholakala kulesi sifo; i-apula, i-quince, i-apricot, i-cherry, i-pear kanye ne-peach ayidluli lesi sifo. Ukwehliswa kwezihlahla ngefungus ngokushesha, kuqala izimbali ziyathinteka, bese kuthi wonke ama-apricot nezithelo zawo. Umphumela omubi wesifo kungase kube ukulahlekelwa kwesitshalo, bese kuthi wonke umuthi. 
Uyazi? I-subspecies eyaziwayo kakhulu yalesi sifo esiyi-fungal yilezi: Monilia cinerea, ethinta kakhulu amasiko amathambo amathambo; I-Monilia fructigena, engabangela umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu, kodwa isakazeka ngokushesha emaqanda ama-pome (apula nephakathi kwe-pear); I-Monilia cydonia, ethinta i-quince.
Izimpawu zokubukeka
Ukushiswa kwemithi yezithelo ezivuthiwe kubizwa nangokuthi i-gray rot. Ukubonakala kwalesi sifo kungazibonakalisa njenge:
- ibhuloho lomuthi othintekile ligcwele amaphethini okukhanya okugcoba awakhiwa ezinhlamvu ze-fungal;
- amahlamvu kanye namagatsha abe mnyama obomvu futhi anomile, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi imifino emisha ingakhula esihlahleni, kodwa iyohlala kuze kube sekwindla;
- esihlahleni esithintekile yilesi sifo, isivuno sizokwehla ngokushesha, kuphela ezinye izithelo eziyosinda, noma kunjalo, ziyoqhuma, zibole futhi zome ngisho ziluhlaza.
Izimbangela kanye ne-pathogen
I-agent ye-causative yalesi sifo yi-fungus Monilia, nguyena othelela umuthi ngokusebenzisa i-pistil yembali, bese ikhula ibe i-pedicel futhi ingena egatsheni. Ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, lesi sifo sibonakala nge-ovaries ewile nezimbali, kungase kungabonakali kuyo yonke indawo. Ekuqaleni kwenkathi yehlobo, amagatsha ayokoma ezinengi, bese izithelo.
Ukushisa kwezinga eliphansi e-apricot entwasahlobo - isimo esimnandi kakhulu sokuthuthukiswa kokushisa komzimba. Ngokuvamile, ngisho nabalimi abanolwazi bayabhala ama-ovari awile futhi bashiya kuphela isimo sezulu esibandayo nomoya oqinile. Kodwa izimpawu ezinjalo zingasho isifo esibi kakhulu semithi yezithelo.
Futhi isifo sofungal singenzeka kusuka esimweni sezulu esibhakabhakeni kanye nomswakama ophezulu. Isikhathi eside sezulu eshisayo sezulu esibandayo singashukumisa isifo esikhulu ngokushiswa kwemithi yezithelo. Ukuze unqobe isithelo sakho sesithelo se-apricot, izinsuku ezimbalwa nje ezibandayo ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma umuthi othelelekile okhulayo kumakhelwane wakho ukwanele.
Kubalulekile! Lapho umuthi ukhula, i-moniliosis ingawashaya ekushiseni kwe--1 ° C, ne-ovary - kusuka -0.6 ° ะก.
Ama-spores ama-fungus angena esihlahleni ngokulimala kanye nemifantu emagqabeni futhi kungaba khona ubusika lapho, kanye namaqabunga nezithelo ezihlala emagatsheni. Ama-spores avuke lapho izimo ezihle zenzeka futhi ziqala ukuthelela zonke izitshalo ezizungezile. Lapho imvelo ishisa futhi imanzi, ukubola kuzoqala ukusakazeka:
- ngomoya;
- ngamanzi;
- kuma-parasites nezinambuzane.
Ukuze uthole isivuno esicebile salesi sithelo esiwusizo, udinga ukutshala kahle isihlahla (entwasahlobo noma ekwindla), ugeze, amanzi, uthathe futhi uhlinzeke ukuvikeleka ezifweni nasezinambuzane.
Izinhlobo eziphikisayo
Namuhla, ezindaweni zokudayiswa kwezithombo ungathola izinhlobo eziningi zama-apricot, okusolakala ukuthi uziphikisa lesi sifo. Ngezinye izikhathi izithombo zezinhlobo ezinjalo zinikeza ukuthenga ezindaweni ezikhethekile, noma kunjalo, ngentengo enkulu. Kodwa-ke, akusizi ngalutho ukukholelwa inkulumo mayelana nokuzinza okuphelele kwalezi zihlahla zamabhilikthi ukushisa okukhulu, ngoba izinhlobo ezinjalo azikho, futhi, mhlawumbe, zizama ukukuheha imali.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi kunezinhlobonhlobo zama-aprikoti, okuye kwanda ukumelana nokubola kwegrey. Ukuthi kufanele bakhethe. Izihlahla ezinjalo zibiza kuphela izikhathi ezimbalwa ngesikhathi ngasinye ukuphatha i-agent, futhi uthole izithelo enempilo. Ngezinhlobonhlobo ezijwayelekile, ngisho nokupuniza okuvamile akusizi ngaso sonke isikhathi imiphumela.
Kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha ezinwetshiwe, izinhlobo ezindala ezavuthwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, njenge-Early Melitopol ne-Tsyurupinsky ananini, ziye zanda ukumelana.
Uyazi? Ekuqaleni, ama-apricot asendle ayevela ezindaweni ezimbili ezikude e-Central Asia naseNyakatho China. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi abantu baqala ukudlala ama-apricot ezindaweni zombili ngesikhathi esifanayo.Kukhona nezinhlobo ezintsha ezithembisayo ezitshengiswayo ngokumelana nokunyuka kwamamoniliose ukushisa: "Inkanyezi", "Mliyevsky ekhanyayo", "Melitopol 12908", "Red-cheeked", "Fortune".
Ukuphulukisa nokulwa
Kunzima kakhulu ukulwa nama-apricot moniliosis, ngoba ngisho namakhemikhali anamandla akulula ukubhekana nalesi sifo. Ukuvimbela okuyinhloko kuhlwanyela izinhlobo ezinamandla kakhulu, eziphikisana nezifo.
Ama-rock rosettes namagatsha ezithelo (okuyinto kamuva ezoba umthombo wesifo), othintekayo yi-moniliasis, isidingo uthathe izinkuni ezinomphefumulo we-apricot bese ushisa, okufanayo kufanele kwenziwe ngezithelo ezithintekile. Le nqubo yokwelashwa kufanele yenziwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokususwa kwamaqabunga, kanye namaviki amabili kuya kwamatsatfu emva kokuqhakaza.
Ukucubungula kwe-apricot ngemuva kokutholakala kwesifo kungase kungasebenzi kahle, ngoba ingxenye yesitshalo ingase ilahleke. Ngakho-ke sebenzisa ukulimaza ingadi ngaphambi kokusila bese uphinda emva kokuwa kwezimbali.
Abanini bezandla balulekwa ukuba basebenzise izifungicides eziphumelelayo kakhulu ukuze baphathe lesi sifo se-apricot. Emazingeni aphansi okushisa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, isibonelo, i-agent ekhemikhali iHorus iyosebenza kahle. Emva kwalokho, ungasebenzisa amanye amafayicide: "Hamair", ingxube yeBordeaux, i-sulphate yethusi, i- "Rovral", "Abiga-Peak".
Lezi zimakhemikhali zisebenza kakhulu ekulwa nezifo ezibangela izinhlamvu ze-fungal. Ingxube kufanele ihlolwe ngaphambi kokufuthola emagatsheni amaningana ahlukene. Uma amabala obuhlungu obuchopho avela emaqabunga, khona-ke le remedy akufanele isetshenziswe. Kumele futhi ungadluli ukuhlushwa kwezinto ezichazwe emiyalweni.
Kubalulekile! Le fungus inenkathi encane kakhulu yokufakelwa, ezinsukwini ezintathu kuphela ezingu-6 zingashaya isihlahla.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayavuma ukuthi ama-fungicides anamuhla awaphumelelanga kakhulu ekulwa nokushisa kwe-moniliac, ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuvikela lesi sihlahla ukubola ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuvimbela.Ama-apricot wezitshalo awunzima kakhulu, ibanga phakathi kwama-trunks akufanele libe ngaphansi kwamamitha angu-4-5.
Esikhathini samabhilikithi abathintekayo, phatha izindawo zamagatsha ahlutshiwe ngensimu engadini, amagatsha emasaka ngaphansi kwesihlahla futhi isiqu kufanele siphathwe nge-sulphate yethusi ehlanganiswe ne-lime noma i-Bordeaux ingxube. Ukubhubhisa njalo phakathi kwama-apricot agcwele ukhula. Kufanele futhi bamba phezulu isitshalo sesitshalo ngemuva kokuba amaqabunga ewa. Ngaphambi kokucubungula ama-apricot, kudingeka adutswe ukuze inqubo yokupuniza iphumelele kakhulu.
Uma kukhona usongo lokutheleleka nge-moniliac eshisa esimweni sezulu (ngemuva kokuchichima noma ekupheleni kwezimbali), ama-apricot kufanele aphathwe ngesisombululo se-0.3% se-oxychloride yethusi (30 g ngalinye ngamanzi ayi-10 l) noma isisombululo se-Topsin-M esingu-0.1% (10 g ngalinye 10 l amanzi). Abanini bezolimo bancoma ukuthi baphathe isitshalo ngesisombululo sika 0.015-0.02% se Skor (1.5-2 ml ngamalitha ayishumi amanzi).
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukunakekelwa kahle kwesitshalo kuzokwehlisa kakhulu amathuba okutheleleka kwawo ngezinhlamvu zefungus.
Kusukela esihlokweni sethu, ufunde ukuthi ukubola okungakanani, ukuthi kuthinta kanjani izihlahla zama-apricot nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nemoniliosis uma kwenzeka ensimini yakho. Thenga izinhlobo ezingahambisani nalesi sifo futhi ungakhohlwa ngokuvimbela.
