Enye yezinhlobonhlobo ze-autumn apula kunazo zonke - "Ithemba"

Apple tree ezihlukahlukene Nadezhda - ezihlukahlukene kakhulu.

Uthola ukukhiqiza okuphezulu nokunambitheka okuhle kwezithelo.

Ukunethezeka kokujwayelekile, ekunakekeleni kokunganaki okukhulu.

Uhlobo luni?

Ibanga leNadezhda ibanga lekwindla ye-apple-tree.

Izithelo zifinyelela ekuvuthweni ekuqaleni - maphakathi no-Septhemba. Ithemba lihlobo lwe-apula elimelana nesithwathwa.

Izithelo zinesikhathi esiphezulu sokugcina, ngokunakekelwa kahle akuphazamisi kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-90, okungukuthi, bangakwazi ukukhuluma amanga kuze kube phakathi no-Disemba.

KUBALULEKILE! Beka isivuno se-apula endaweni emnyama, epholile, kude namazambane.

Okude kakhulu kuzolondolozwa emasimini nasezindlini zokuhlala.

Fakela amabhokisi akudingeki, kodwa qaphela umswakama - nezithelo ezandayo zingase ziqale ukubola.

Ukuvota

Izinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla zama-apula Ithemba ithemba lokuvotela impova, ukuze kuphumelele ukulimala okudingekayo ukutshala enye yalezi zinhlobonhlobo:

• Zhavoronkova
• Miass
• Imemori ne-Anis Purple

Incazelo grade Hope

Umuthi we-apula wezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-Nadezhda ngumuthi ohlukaniswe ubude bawo nezithelo ezincane. Ukukhula kuphakeme, ukuma komqhele - ukujikeleza, i-pyramidal.

Amagxolo amnyama emagatsheni amakhulu kanye nesiqu. Amaqabunga eThemba ahlotshaniswa amaqanda, amancane ngobukhulu, futhi abe nemiphetho emihle.

Ama-buds avela esikhathini sokuqhakaza, nawo amancane, ayingqayizivele pink embala.

Encane, encane kunesilinganiso, isakhiwo - sizungeze flat. Ubuso bungabushelelezi futhi bumile, isikhumba sincane kakhulu.

Umbala wezithelo ezivuthiwe uhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezindaweni ezikhona ukuqhuma okwesibhakabhaka, ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kuhlanganisa yonke izithelo. Inyama ye-apula yimibala ekhanyayo, enamanzi, ene-flavour sweet-sour.

Ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali we-fetus:

• 10.1% ushukela;
• 27 mg / 100g ascorbic acid;
• 13,8% izinhlayiya ezinomsoco;
• 1.1% i-acids ebizwa nge-acids.

Isithombe

Esikhathini isithombe kukhona izithelo apula "Hope"

Umlando wokuzala

I-apula yezihlahla ezihlukahlukene uNadezhda wadalwa ngokuhlakanipha, ngokuwela i-apula imithi ehlukahlukene i-Borovinka ye-Ural ridge.

Abalobi yi-PA UZhavoronkov no-MA Mazunin - abasebenzi beSouth Ural Research Institute for Ukulima kanye namazambane.

Isifunda sokukhula kwemvelo

Kunokukhula okubanzi kakhulu, uzizwa ukhululekile kakhulu esifundeni sase-Urals, lapho kuhlanganiswe khona 1988

It is aguqulelwe kuya frosts obukhulu, kodwa uzizwa kangcono ezindaweni latate.

Ukuthela

I-apple yesihlahla se-Nadezhda sikwazi ukukhiqiza izitshalo iminyaka engu-5-7 yokuphila. Ekuqaleni ithela izithelo njalo, kodwa ngokushesha isivuno siba njalo, ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo kanye nokukwazi ukuvuna kwenzeka engxenyeni yokuqala - maphakathi no-September.

Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ungakwazi ukuvuna 85 kilogram kusuka kwesitshalo esisodwa.

Izithelo ziboleka kahle ekusetshenzisweni, okusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukukhanda ekhaya.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

Ukuze umuthi wakho ubambe izithelo futhi ukhiqize izithelo eziningi zokuvuna, kudingeka ulandele izidingo ezimbalwa ezilula.

Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokutshala i-apula ezinhlobonhlobo zeNadezhda yikwindla.

Ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka, kulula kakhulu ukuba umuthi uthathe izimpande endaweni entsha. Umuthi uhlala phakathi nobusika, futhi kusukela entwasahlobo usuvele uqala ukukhula okusebenzayo.

Uma izihlahla engadini yakho zikhula emigqeni, qiniseka ukuthi kukhona ibanga elilinganiselwa kumamitha angu-4.5 phakathi kwabo (imigqa).

Ngemuva kokuthi ulandele ibanga phakathi kwemikhumbi yokufika, ungaqala ukudala izinyathelo.

Bamba umgodi. Ukujula kufanele kube ngu-70 cm, ububanzi - 100-115 amasentimitha. Izitshalo zihlanganiswa nomhlabathi okhululekile. Umgodi kufanele ekugcineni ube yindunduma.

Kubalulekile: ukuphakama ngaphezu komhlaba akufanele kudlule 15-20 cm

Shayela isikhonkwane enkabeni yegquma - kuzoba yisekelo yenzalo yakho. Umuthi ubeka egqumeni, lifafazwe umhlaba futhi linyanyiswe. Kunamanzi amaningi.

Ingxenye ebalulekile yokunakekela i-apula iyigatsha lokusika izihlahla. Yenziwa emva kwebusika, lapho iqhwa lilele.

Uma umuthi we-apula usukhulile kuneminyaka eyisikhombisa, amahlumela aphezulu aphethwe kuqala. Uma isithombo sincane, amahlumela akufanele aqedwe.

Kunoma yikuphi ubudala bomuthi, susa ngokucophelela amagatsha nezindawo, kanye namaqabunga wonyaka odlule (uma engasusiwe ngaphambi kobusika), njengoba izingxenye ezindala nezingalungile zingase zibole, futhi kamuva zibe yisiphephelo samabhaktheriya ayingozi.

Khumbula: kuphela lezo zikhula zonyaka, ezikhula phezulu noma ngaphakathi komqhele.

Susa ngokucophelela ukhula olukhula ngenkathi efudumele ngaphansi komuthi we-apula.

Ngesinye isikhathi ukhulula phansi umuthi omdala.

Izifo nezinambuzane

I-aphid eluhlaza

Inkathazo yamaKoloni. Iphindaphinda ngokushesha, lapho kuqala intwasahlobo ezinsukwini zokuqala zokushisa kungathatha wonke amahlumela amancane esitshalo sakho.

I-Aphid ithela ijusi kusuka emahlumela, ngenxa yokuthi izimbali futhi, ngokufanele, izithelo azibonakali kulabo.

Ukwelashwa: ukuphikisa kakhulu ama-ladybugs. Kuthunyelwa ezindaweni lapho amakoloni ezinambuzane ehlezi khona. Izinkomo zidla izinambuzane ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ungaphinda ukhiphe isihlahla ngomuthi we-smoking-decoction.

Apple Mole

Lapho isigaba sokuqhakaza siqala, lezi zinambuzane zihlasela izihlahla eziningi zama-apula. Izibungu ze-moth phezu kwamehlo noma amaqabunga amagatsha, ngokufudumala zivuka bese zidla amahlamvu kanye nezimbali.

On amaqabunga amaqabunga adliwe ukwakha izidleke kanye pupate.

Ukwelashwa: ngaphambi nangemva kokusabalalisa, ufafaze amahlumela namagatsha ngesisombululo se-chlorophos nesisiphesenti esiyisikhombisa kanye nesisombululo se-solone samaphesenti amabili.

Scab

Umuthi we-apula we-Nadezhda cultivar uvinjelwe ngokwanele, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi usulelekile lesi sifo. Isikhumba yi-fungus ogama i-pathogen ehlala ebusika emagqabeni noma amahlamvu afile, kanti entwasahlobo ithatha isitshalo.

Amagatsha aluhlaza akhiwa ngamahlamvu, abomvu phezu kwezithelo. Uma ungaphathi isikhumba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amahlamvu aqala ukuwa, kanti izithelo ziyancipha.

Ukwelashwa: Njalo ushise amaqabunga ewile ngaphandle kwensimu, bese uhlanza umhlaba ngesisombululo se-nitrafen engu-3%. Ama-Buds ahlanze amaphesenti owodwa e-Bordeaux liquid.

Umdlavuza omnyama

Lithinta isiqu, amaqabunga, izithelo namagatsha. Iveza noma izilonda noma ukukhula okumnyama, izingxenye ezithintekile zomuthi ziyomile, amagxolo aqala ukuwa.

Uma isikhathi singanikezeli ukwelashwa okufanele, isihlahla esinezifo sihlala iminyaka emithathu.

Ukwelashwa: Sika amagxolo namagatsha aphethwe ngummese obukhali. Phatha amanxeba e-bark ngamaphesenti owodwa we-Bordeaux liquid. Siphinde ukhiphe isisombululo nge-efihlekile ngaphambi kokusila.

KUBALULEKILE! Uma uthola ukutheleleka kwenye yezihlahla, sebenzisa izinyathelo zokuvimbela yonke insimu, ngaphandle kwalokho isifo singasakazeka.

I-TIP: Hlanza kahle ingadi ngaphambi kokubusika, njengoba izinambuzane eziningi zingaphezu kwamaqabunga awile.

I-apple-tree ebangeni i-Hope yokubamba ayinzima kunanoma yiliphi elinye ibanga.

Unomkhiqizo ophezulu, izithelo zicutshungulwa kahle.

Lo muthi awufaneleki nje kuphela i-nursery, kodwa futhi ingafanele ingadi evamile yangasese.

Kodwa lezi zinhlobonhlobo nazo zinokulimaza: Ithemba linemivuno engavamile futhi idinga umuthi we-pollinator.