IDihorizandra ingumdabu waseBrazil ongotshani obumisiwe. Ihlala emahlathini ashisayo, kepha ezweni lethu ikhula njengesitshalo esingaphakathi endlini noma esibamba ukushisa. Sekuyisikhathi eside kwaziwa kakhulu ngabalimi bendawo ngaphansi kwegama "amadevu wegolide" futhi bajabulela inhlonipho efanelekile. Lesi sitshalo asibalulekanga kuphela ngenxa yobuhle baso obuxegayo nezimbali ezinde, kepha futhi nezimpawu zaso zokuphulukisa.
Incazelo
IDichorizandra isitshalo esiphansi esinamahlamvu okuhlobisa nama-inflorescence aminyene.
Uhlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo luyimicu, ngaphansi komhlaba. Kwesinye isikhathi amaqhubu amancane avela ezimpandeni. Ngaphezulu komhlabathi kukhona isiqu esingenalutho, esigobekile kancane, embozwe ngamaqabunga avela phezulu kuphela. Ipuleti leqabunga liqinile, okusaqanda noma i-ovoid. Umkhawulo weqabunga uyakhonjwa. Ubude beqabunga elidala bungafinyelela ku-20-25 cm, ububanzi bawo bube yi-6 cm. Kwezinye izinhlobo, imivimbo emhlophe noma ebomvana ibonakala ngaphezulu kwamaqabunga.
Isiqu se-dichorizandra siyinto eyodwa, amagatsha asebusweni bawo akuvamile ukuba avele. Kanye nesiqu esibushelelezi noma esingenalutho kukhona amapheshana alandelayo. Emvelweni wemvelo, lesi sitshalo singakhula ngo-60-100 cm.Ukuhluka kwegumbi kunesizotha ngokwengeziwe.
Ama-dichorizander blooms ngoSepthemba, athokozela ngephunga elimnandi nama-inflorescence akhanyayo isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kwakheka i-inflorescence ephezulu, eminyene enamaqabunga amaningi aqhakazile. Embhalweni ngalunye oluncane, kungacatshangelwa amathuna ama-3 nezinsimbi ezi-3. Imvamisa, izimbali zidwetshwa ngopende onsomi noma ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka onendawo emhlophe ezansi kwephalishi ngalinye.
Ngemuva kokuqothuka kwamahlamvu, ama-achenes amancane abiyelwe ngodonga asala. Ziqukethe imbewu enamabala, enwebekile ngesikhumba esiminyene kakhulu. Kancane kancane bavuthwa futhi bomile ngokuphelele. Isiqu sezimbali siyoma futhi siwe.
Izinhlobo zezitshalo
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-80 zohlobo lwe-Dichorizandra, ezinye zazo ezihlala kuphela endaweni yemvelo yesihlahla saseLatin American. Ezinhlotsheni zasendlini, okulandelayo kungahlukaniswa:
I-dichoricandra emhlophe-emngceleni. Lesi sitshalo sakha amahlahla amade (kufika ku-80 cm) futhi sithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabaqambi bengadi. Inzuzo eyinhloko yezinhlobo ngamahlamvu amahlamvu ahlukahlukene. Phezu kwamaqabunga e-lanceolate, kuvela umbala wombala wesiliva, bese kudonswa imidwebo ekhanyayo eluhlaza. Izimbali ezincane eziluhlaza ziqoqwa emabhulashini we-pyramidal futhi zibe nomugqa omhlophe ohlukile komnyombo.
I-dichoricandra emnandi. Lesi sitshalo sakha isihlahla esihlangene futhi esibucayi kakhulu size sifinyelele ku-40 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga aluhlaza athambile ahlanganiswe neziqu ezimpunga ngemisho emhlophe. Amahlamvu lanceolate, wonke-onqenqemeni. Kokukhanya okukhanyayo, kuthinta imhlophe nokuthinta kwe-violet emaqabungeni, aphawuleka kakhulu amahlumela amancane. Izimbali ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
I-Dichoricandra mosaic. Izinhlobo zidonsela ukunaka ngamaqabunga amakhulu, anamaqabunga amaningi. Ngebude zingama-15-18 cm, futhi ububanzi - bube ngamasentimitha ayi-9. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, kukhula umgodi omude (ongama-30 cm) nge-inflorescence eminyene, eyindilinga. Ingxenye yangaphandle yamacembe imhlophe noma iphuzi ngombala, kuthi ukuvela kwamathoni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphakathi.
IDichoricandra iyimbali noma ibhulashi. Enye yezinhlobo ezinkulu kunazo zonke. Ingakhula ibe yi-1-2 m ukuphakama. Lesi sitshalo sineziqu ezicijile ezingamamaki. Amahlamvu atholakala engxenyeni engenhla yesitshalo futhi abekwe phezu kwe-petioles ende endaweni evulekile. Ubude bamaqabunga e-lanceolate noma ama-oval ngamasentimitha angama-25. Ingaphezulu lamahlamvu luluhlaza okhanyayo, okucacile. I-inflorescence enkulu enkulu, equkethe izimbali ezinkulu ezingama-2,5 cm eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ikhuphuka ngaphezu kwesitshalo. Ukuphakama kwebhulashi kungama-17 cm, okukuvumela ukuthi wakhe izindonga ezinhle.
I-Royal dichoricandra ngokufana nezinhlobonhlobo zangaphambilini, inezincane, zihlelwe ngamapheshana ngababili. Ubude bawo buyi-7 cm nobubanzi obungama-3 cm. Isisekelo esibomvu samaqabunga simbozwe ukuthinteka kwesiliva. Izimbali ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngesikhungo esimhlophe.
Ukuzala
I-Dichorizandra isakazeka ngezindlela zemifino yemifino nezitshalo. Entwasahlobo, isitshalo esidala kufanele simbiwe ngokuphelele futhi sinqunywe sibe izingxenye eziningana ngebhande elibukhali. Masinyane ngemuva kwenqubo, i-Delenki itshalwe emhlabathini ukuze izimpande zingapheli. Ngokushesha, izihlahla ezisencane ziyalulama bese ziqala ukufaka ngentshiseko isisindo esiluhlaza.
Ungasika izingcezu ezisikiwe bese uzifaka ezimpandeni. Izimpande zitholakala enhlabathini enomswakama. Isiqu kufanele sigobe ngakwesokunene ukuze engxenyeni engaphansi komhlaba ibheke phezulu ngokujula kwamasentimitha ayi-1.5. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe ngokulingana, kepha ivuthwe njalo, futhi kunconywa ukumboza ingxenye engenhla ngefilimu. Ngemuva kwamaviki angama-2-3, izimpande zakha izimpande namahlumela aseceleni aqala ukuvela. Kungcono ukuzisusa ukuze lesi sitshalo siqoqe amandla amaningi.
Ungahlwanyela imbewu ye-dichorizandra. Zihluma kahle futhi ngokushesha, futhi izithombo zithola amandla ngokushesha. Ngokutshala, sebenzisa inhlabathi evundile yengadi.
Ukunakekelwa kwesichazamazwi
IDichoricandra ithanda inhlabathi evundile yensimu. Kungcono ukukhetha umhlabathi onamahlamvu we-humus-rich. Isichazamazwi siziphatha kahle engxenyeni engaphansi yezakhi ezilandelayo:
- isihlabathi;
- Peat;
- iqabunga humus;
- umhlaba wefudu.
Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuthambisa njalo ukufafaza. Ukuze wandise umswakama womoya, kungenzeka ukuqondisa umphezulu wangaphezulu nge-moss-sphagnum. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi imbiza inezimbobo ezihlanzekile zokudonsa amanzi nokuthi umswakama owedlulele ungageleza ngokukhululeka.
IDichoricandra ithanda izindawo ezinokukhanya okukhanya okugqamile amahora angu-12-16. Ewindowsillion aseningizimu, umthunzi uyadingeka. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ama-dichorizandra blooms namahora akhuphukayo emini. Okusho ukuthi, ungahambisa isiqalo noma uvuse izimbali zangaphambilini usebenzisa ukukhanyisa okwenziwe ngenkani.
Umhlali wezifunda zaseningizimu ukhetha izindawo ezifudumele nokungabikho kokubhaliwe. Izinga lokushisa elikhulu ehlobo likhona + 20 ... + 25 ° C, futhi ebusika, lapho isikhathi sokuphumula singena, i-dichoricandre yanele + 16 ... + 18 ° C.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, isitshalo sidinga ukugqokwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Kuyinto elula ukusebenzisa umanyolo we-organic kabili ngenyanga.
IDichorizandra inokumelana okuhle nezifo namagciwane. Kwesinye isikhathi i-mealybug ihlasela izihlahla. Ungabhekana nakho ngokufafaza ngama-insecticides.
Sebenzisa
IDichoricandra idume ngokubukeka kwayo kokuhlobisa nezimbali ezinhle. Bajabulisa abanini isikhathi eside lapho bekhula ngaphakathi ezindlini, futhi baphinde basebenziselwe ukwenza izingcezwana zokudlela.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-dichorizandra ("amadevu wegolide") isitshalo somuthi. Ijusi elifakwe kusuka amahlumela liqukethe inani elikhulu lama-flavonoid nama-phytosterols. Ngokuma kwayo, amadevu wegolide afana nempande ye-ginseng. Isitshalo esibaluleke kangako asisetshenziswa kuphela ekuphekeni kwabantu, kodwa nasezemithi. I-infusions, ama-decoctions kanye namafutha okugcoba kusuka ku-dichorizandra asetshenziselwa:
- ukukhulisa ukuqina kwesikhumba;
- ukuzinza uhlelo lwe-endocrine;
- hlela imetabolism;
- vimbela ukubonakala kwe-neoplasms kanye ne-sclerosis yemithambo yegazi.
Kwesinye isikhathi umuthi ubanga ukusabela komzimba, ngakho-ke kufanele ukuthi oweluleki axwayiswe ngokuqala kokwelashwa ngezinsizakalo ezivela ku-dichorizandra.
