Abanikazi beziqephu zezwe banezinkinga eziningi. Izinambuzane nezifo zazo zonke izinhlobo ziyabacasula ngokukhethekile - kubonakala ukuthi unyaka nonyaka bahlala bephikisana kakhulu nesenzo sezixazululo zokwelapha zendabuko. Ngakho-ke kufanele usebenzise ama-formulations anamandla (ngokuqinisekile). Cabangela enye yalezi zixhobo, ufunde kabanzi mayelana nomuthi obizwa ngokuthi "i-DNOC" nokuthi yini okusetshenziswa ngayo.
Ingabe kuvunyelwe noma cha?
Ukuze uqale, thola ukuthi "umthetho" kanjani ukusetshenziswa kwalolu sakhiwo.
Ewebhu ungathola ukubuyekezwa okuningi ngakho, futhi le mibono iphikisana ngokuqondile. Abanye abantu bathanda umphumela wokwelapha, kuyilapho abanye bengenelisekile kakhulu nabo.
Ake sizame ukuyihlola. Iqiniso liwukuthi "i-DNOK" iyinhlanganisela enamandla futhi isetshenziselwa ukucubungula izivini kanye nezinye izindawo ezisezingeni lezimboni. Ngisho nasezindaweni ezinjalo ezinkulu, ukucubungula akuvunyelwe ngaphezu kwesikhathi esingu-1 eminyakeni emi-3.
Ngenxa yokuthi "amandla" alo akubonakali phakathi kwezidakamizwa ezivunyelwe ukudayisela abalimi noma abalimi. Okusho ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwayo emapulazini angasese kanye nezindawo ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuhlala kungavunyelwe. 
Noma kunjalo, abaningi "abathengisi abazimele" basebenzisayo kumasayithi abo. Yiqiniso, ngenxa yalokhu kufanele balinganise ngokunembile umthamo futhi balondoloze isikhala phakathi kwezokwelapha, ukungakhohlwa imiphumela engenzeka.
Ukwakhiwa kwesidakamizwa
Ukuwuthola akudingi inani elikhulu "izithako" nazo zonke izinhlobo ze-catalysts. Empeleni, ingxube ye-ammonium usawoti ne-dinitroorthozole ngokwesilinganiso 60/40. Itholakala njengo-40% i-phenolate. I-sulfate ye-sodium noma i-ammonium ingasebenza njenge-filler.
Kubalulekile! Leli akulona igama elilodwa le-agent enamandla. Kungase futhi kuthengiswe njenge "Selinon", "I-Synox", "Beka ikhanda", "Dinosaur", "Dinon", "Cresoton". Uma izinhlelo - ukucubungula ingadi encane, le phakethe ingcono ukubeka eceleni.
Ngenxa yalokhu "mix" kuphuma powder ophuzi granular nge isici evuthayo iphunga. Kulula ngokubuka kuqala, ukwakheka kunikeza indlela yezenzo eziningi ezahlukene.
Imfundo igcizelela ukuthi i-DNOC njengesisekelo sokwelapha izitshalo ine-fungicidal (antifungal), i-insecticidal kanye ne-herbicidal properties. 
I-soluble kahle emanzini, futhi izivunguvungu eziphilayo zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthola umthamo omkhulu wokusebenza ketshezi.
Isithako esisebenzayo kanye nendlela yokwenza
Into esemqoka yi-4,6-dinitro-o-cresol. Isixazululo, esiwela emaqabungeni kanye neziqu, kubhubhisa amangqamuzana ekhunta elimazayo, liphazamise lesi sifo ekuqaleni kwesikhashana bese kuqeda izinambuzane - ama-causative agents of izifo ezinjalo.
Umphumela ngemuva kokuphalaza kwenzeka emva kwezinsuku ezingu-3-4, yize kanye ukungena kwe-dinitro-o-cresol ezinqweni ezithathelwanayo ngokuvamile kuthatha izinsuku ezingu-2. Lokhu kwanele ukunciphisa umthombo wokutheleleka nokuqeda ngesikhathi esifushane. Umphumela ohlala njalo ubonakala okungenani ngenyanga.
I-fungicide iyasebenza nini futhi kanjani?
Inkathi yokucubungula okuyinhloko ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Kubalulekile ukuba "ubambe" umzuzwana ngisho nangaphambi kokuphuka kwephunga, lapho kusetshenzwa izinga lokushisa eliqinile e + 4 ° +5 ° C.
Abalimi abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi lesi yisikhathi esihle kakhulu somsebenzi onjalo: ama-juice ayikahambi, futhi izinambuzane eziyingozi zisesezingeni lokubanda, ngakho kulula ukuwahlanza.
Uyazi? Emvelaphi ye-agrochemistry yasekhaya emele i-DI Mendeleev. Usosayensi ovelele wayenesithakazelo emiphumeleni ye-lime ne-superphosphate ezinqabeni zehlabathi ze-subsurface.
Phakathi "kwamakhasimende" esixazululo esinamandla kukhona ama-aphid, izinambuzane ezincane, izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene, ama-suckers, ama-fly fleas kanye nabanye abathwali bezifo abazithandayo ukuqoqa ezihlahleni nasezihlahleni.
Isikhathi esiningi kakhulu ukulungiselela kusetshenziswe ekwindla ekwindla. Kuzodingeka ulinde kuze kube khona amaqabunga ewa. Cabanga ngomzuzu ukuthi ngisho nasezindabeni eziphansi, isixazululo singasetshenziswa isikhathi esingaphezu kwe-1 ngezikhathi ezintathu zonyaka. Ukufafaza kaningi kuzokwenza okubi ngaphezu kokuhle. 
Lapho ulungiselela ingxube, zama ukuyihlakaza. Njengoba sesiyazi kakade, i-powder ihlanjululwa ngokungafuni emanzini. Abaningi bathola indlela yokuphuma ngokwenza isixazululo ngale ndlela:
- I-50 g ye-fungicide (ukupaka okujwayelekile) ihlanjululwa ngokucophelela ku-1-2 l tank.
- Khona-ke ukugxila okuholela ekutheni kuthululwa kwisitsha se-10-litre, ungakhohlwa ukuxuba ngokunamandla.
Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izindleko zokusebenzisa izitshalo ezahlukene.
Apple tree, eliphakathi kwe, quince
Lapha, ukuhlushwa kuyoba yinye yezinto ezigcwele kakhulu - amamitha ayizikwele eziyikhulu. Ukutshala izidakamizwa kuzodinga amalitha angu-15 esisombululo.
Kubalulekile! Ukuba khona kwenhlabathi eduze kwemithi eminingi noma izihlahla, okusetshenziselwa ukutshala imifino noma izitshalo ezinye, kukhulisa kakhulu ukubunzima kwenqubo. Izindawo ze "Border" zivame ukuhlanganiswa nefilimu evimbela uketshezi ukungena emhlabathini. Lokhu kugcina ibhalansi yayo.
Ukupompela okwesikhashana kuzokuvimbela isikhumba, i-moniliasis nezinhlobo ezahlukene zamachashaza emaqabunga. Ama-aphid nama-leafworms nawo azoba nethuba eliphansi. 
I-Peach, i-apricot, i-cherry, i-plum
Endaweni efanayo kuzodingeka uthathe okungaphezu kuka-10 amalitha. Lokhu kuzovimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-moniliozu ne-klyasterospiozy. Ngokuphawulekayo kunciphisa ubungozi bokuziphatha okunengqondo. Amathikithi nokukala izinambuzane azibekezeli izixazululo ezinjalo.
Ugqumugqumu, i-currant
Izihlahla ezikhulayo ezikhula ngama-rhizomes ezinamandla zidinga isilinganiso esilinganiselwe se-l / 100 "izikwele" ezingu-15.
Amaqabunga angeke athathwe futhi aphethwe. Ukubonakala kwekhasi elivuthayo noma i-plaque ye-moth akunakwenzeka, futhi lokhu kubonakaliswa komphumela we-insecticidal of this agent.
Amagilebhisi
Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezinamandla njenge-DNOC ekusetshenzisweni kwamagilebhisi kunezici zayo.
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bavame ukusebenzisa ama-fungicides anjalo ngokuthi "Abiga-Pik", "Fundazol", "Khom", "Tiovit Jet", "Phytodoctor", "Thanos", "Oksihom" ukulwa nezifo ezihlukahlukene zamagilebhisi.
Uma kuqala ukushisa kuzomele kwenziwe izihlahla, ezingavumeli ukusabalala kwezibungu ezinonya kanye nezingxabano. Baqala ukuphambanisa ngokushesha ngemva kokunciphisa okunjalo, ngaphandle kokulinda "ukuqaliswa" kwamanzi emagatsheni. 
Ukusetshenziswa - cishe amalitha angu-8 endaweni ngayinye yamamitha ayi-square square. m. Emva kwalokho, ungakhohlwa mayelana nama-medias kanye nemikhaza yonyaka wonke. Uma unesikhathi esithile, ngisho nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ungavikela izivini "emgqonyeni" obunzima, ovame ukuthinta amaqabunga ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Kuloluhlu olufanayo kuvela septoriosis kanye anthracnose.
Uyazi? Kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-1960 ukuya ekuweni kwe-USSR, wabamba ubuholi bomhlaba ekukhiqizeni umquba wamaminerali. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amapulazi amaningi aqoqiwe ayenaso indawo yokugcina "ukudla" abathola, futhi lokhu kwaba yizingqimba ezimbili - ngokuvamile inhlabathi yayingaphezu kwe-nitrogen noma ayizange ifakwe izinto eziyigugu ensimini, zilahla emigodini.
Cishe uqaphele ukuthi izindawo ezinkulu zikhonjisiwe emiyalweni. Lokhu kunengqondo, ngoba abathengi abakhulu bekhambi kukhona amapulazi amakhulu anezivande ezinkulu. Abalimi kudingeka baqaphele ngokukhethekile "ukuphepha" lapho besebenza ngethuluzi elinamandla.
Ukuqapha
Umthelela omkhulu onamandla wesidakamizwa udinga ukuphatha ngokucophelela kokubili i-powder kanye noketshezi olusebenzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-granules aphuzi ayingozi kakhulu futhi aqhuma kakhulu.
Uma sithatha "ngokusho kwesayensi", khona-ke kungenzeka ukuhlanza izihlahla noma ukuhlwanyela kuphela endaweni ebanzi (kufika ku-1 km) ukusuka ezindlini zokuhlala kanye namadlelo. 
Okusho ukuthi akufanelekile egcekeni elizimele. Okufanayo kusebenza kumabhizinisi abambisene ne-dacha, nakuba abantu abaningi bengayinaki le mfuneko.
Zonke ezinye ze-TB zehlela kula maphuzu:
- Qinisekisa ukuthi usebenzise izingubo zokugqoka ezivaliwe, amabhuzu kanye nokuphefumula (okungcono - i-mask gas). Inhloko kufanele ihlanganiswe.
- Ungavumeli uketshezi ukungena esikhunjeni esivelele, izinambuzane ezimangcwabeni, ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi emzimbeni.
- Ukucubungula kwenziwa kuphela lapho kungekho khona umoya.
- Ukuba khona ngenkathi ukhiphela abanye abantu noma izilwane ezifuywayo akuyona into engathandeki. Lokhu kusebenza nakomakhelwane endaweni.
Kubalulekile! Izingubo ezingcolisiwe azikwazi ukuthathwa ngezandla ezingenalutho, zigcwele ukucasula isikhumba, ezingenakukwazi "ukuhlanzwa" ngesinyathelo esisodwa.
- Ngemuva komsebenzi, umshini wokufafaza kumele uhlanjululwe ngokuphelele, ugweme ukukhishwa emzimbeni wamanzi avulekile noma ukuthuthwa kwamanzi.
- Ungakhohlwa mayelana nokuhlanzeka. Ngemuva kokukhipha izingubo ezingcolile, ugeze noma ugeza.
Ingozi yalesi sakhiwo ayikho nje engozini yokulimala emthonjeni wokuphefumula kanye nesikhumba. Ngomphumela ojulile, ungaphazamisa umzimba noma ubangele ubuthi obunzima, okwenzeka kwezinye izimo ezingapheli.Ukwenza lokhu, ngisho nenani elincane lesisombululo esisetshenziswayo lanele. Qaphela ngokucophelela.
Izimo zesikhathi nokugcina
Ukuphila kwesikhala se-powder iminyaka engama-3, usuku lokukhishwa lukhonjiswa kuphakheji. Izikhwama ezinjalo zigcinwa ezindaweni ezimnyama, ezomile, kude nokudla, iziqukathi zokudla (izimbiza, amabhokisi, amapanki) kanye neziqukathi ezineziphuzo zokushisa amafutha.
Ukuba khona emoyeni wephethiloli ukushisa noma "idizili" kukhishwe - i-powder iyaphula amandla. Ngokwemvelo, amaphakethe okuvunwa akufanele awele ezandleni zezingane.
Uyazi? Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, umquba wawubizwa ngokuthi "amafutha". Leligama lisetshenziswe ngabanikazi bomhlaba kanye nama-agronomists, futhi kwakungenasetshenziswa kuphela ngasekupheleni kwama-1930.
Manje uyazi ukuthi yini ewusizo (futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo eyingozi) "DNOC" futhi yiziphi izilinganiso zamasiko ahlukene imiyalelo yokusetshenziswa isebenza. Sithemba ukuthi ekuphishekeleni umphumela ngeke usengozini impilo yakho nalabo abaseduze nawe, kodwa ngokucophelela uzocabangela zonke izici. Ukuvuna okuhle!
