Ukuze uthole intuthuko efanele, izitshalo zidinga izinto ezibalulekile ezimbiwa ezikhona emhlabathini, ikakhulukazi, i-potassium ne-phosphorus. Bona, kanye ne-nitrogen, bakha isisekelo sokudla kwezitshalo. Akumangazi ukuthi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inani lezinto ezincane emhlabeni liyancipha, ngakho-ke umuntu unezinketho ezimbili - ukuthuthukisa amazwe amasha noma ukubuyisela ukukhiqiza kwezinto ezitholakalayo ngokufaka ngokungeziwe izinto ezingekho kuwo.
Kuyacaca ukuthi ezweni lamanje, indlela yokuqala ayinhlawulo yokungatholakali. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwamaminerali amaminerali emhlabathini (ikakhulukazi i-potash ne-phosphorus, kanye ne-nitrogen) kuyisici esibalulekile sobuchwepheshe bezolimo emapulazini amakhulu amabili nangomunye umuntu ohlala ehlobo otshala imifino nezithelo ensimini yakhe.
Amaminerali amaminerali
Njengoba uyazi, umquba uhlukaniswe waba yi-organic and mineral.
Kubalulekile! Amakhomikhali e-Organic, njengoba negama lawo lisho, liwumphumela wezinqubo ezihlukahlukene ezenzeka eziphilayo eziphilayo, umkhiqizo wemvelo owenziwe ngemvelo ngokwawo. Isibonelo, imifino ephilayo i-peat, i-silt, imithi yamagxolo, i-sawdust, umquba, umquba, izinyoni zezinyoni, njll. Amaminerali amaminerali ukucindezelwa kwamakhemikhali athile (izinhlanganisela ezingekho emthethweni) okudingekayo emisebenzini yezitshalo ezenziwe abantu emabhizinisini akhethekile. .Ama-organic fertilizer, okuyiqiniso, ayigugu kakhulu kunamaminerali amaminerali, ngoba aphephile ngokuphelele futhi ukusetshenziswa kwawo kudinga ukunakekelwa okuncane (kunzima ukuphazamisa inhlabathi ngezindaba eziphilayo). Kodwa, ngeshwa, inani lalawo manzalo lilinganiselwe, ngoba ngokukhiqizwa kwabo kubalulekile ukuhamba ngomjikelezo othile wemvelo.
Yingakho ezobuchwepheshe bezolimo zanamuhla zihilela ukusetshenziselwa kokusetshenziswa kwamaminerali amaminerali, nakuba ukuphatha kuzo kudinga ulwazi oluthile ngokuvumelana nenani elivumelekile lesicelo sabo emhlabathini, futhi ngokuphathelene nesikhathi sonyaka lapho kudingeka kwenziwe (isibonelo, Amaminerali amaminerali aqukethe i-chlorine ayinconywa ukuba afakwe enhlabathini entwasahlobo - kungabangela ukulimala kwezitshalo ezitshalwe kule nhlabathi). 
Amaminerali amaminerali alula futhi ayinkimbinkimbi. Njengoba kushiwo, ukuthuthukiswa okuvamile, izitshalo zidinga izakhi eziningana eziyisisekelo. Ukuxuba ngezilinganiso ezidingekayo, bathola umquba obunzima, kuyilapho ezilula zimelela isici ngasinye, futhi umlimi unikezwa ithuba lokuzikhethela ukuthi yini nokuthi nini ukuphakela izakhamuzi zabo emibhede.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi, ngokungafani nemifuno ephilayo, engangeniswa kalula ngezikhathi ezithile emhlabeni ukuze ukwanda ngokugcwele kokuzala kwayo, ukusetshenziswa kwamaminerali amaminerali kuchaza ukuba khona okungenani imibono ejwayelekile mayelana nemingcele eyisisekelo yenhlabathi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi yiziphi izitshalo nokuthi zakhula isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi yiziphi ezihlelwe ukuthi zitshalwe (izitshalo ezahlukene zinezidingo ezahlukene zezici ezithile), yiziphi izakhi zamaminerali nezakhiwo zomhlabathi, njll. 
Iziphi izithasiselo zamaminerali ezizosetshenziswa enhlabathini, nini nokuthi kuzokwenziwe kangakanani, kuxhomeke ikakhulukazi ukuthi izitshalo ezitshalwe kanjani kulomhlaba zizokhula, isibonelo, ukuthi ukukhula kwazo kuzoqondiswa ekubunjweni kobumnyama obuhlaza noma ukubunjwa kwamanzi amakhulu izithelo ezinomsoco. Ngakho ngokungenangqondo ukuphuza imibhede ethengwe esitolo esiseduze "isikhulumi" - iphutha elingamukeleki!
Ngokuyinhloko, umanyolo we-phosphate-potash (ngezinye izikhathi uguqulwa njenge-PKU) kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukukhula kwezitshalo zakho. Kodwa-ke, njengoba sekuvele kuvele egameni, isici samakhemikhali anjalo ukungabi khona kwe-nitrogen kuwo, okuyinto ekhuthaza kakhulu ukubunjwa kohlobo oluhlaza lwezitshalo.
Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwe-PKU kuyindlela enhle yokuqondisa imizamo yokuhluma, ukuvuna kanye nokwakheka kwezithelo zesitshalo esithile, uma udinga isitshalo, kunesihlahla esikhulu nesibhakabhaka. Yiziphi izitshalo ezikuleli qembu, sizoqonda. Njengoba kushiwo, umquba we-phosphate-potassium kungaba eziyinkimbinkimbi (isibonelo, i-Agrophoska ingenye yalabo - ayinawo i-nitrogen, kuphela i-phosphorus ne-potassium) futhi elulalapho ingxenye eyinhloko yento ingxenye ethile. Esikhathini esilandelayo, sihlanganisa i-cocktail "phosphoric-potassium" ngokuzimela, kuye ngokuthi iyiphi into engadini yakhe noma ingadi inesidingo esikhulu kakhulu.
Iqembu le-Potash
I-Potassium "inomthwalo wemfanelo" wokulondoloza ukulinganisela kwamanzi emzimbeni wesitshalo. Lesi sici sikuvumela ukuba usebenzise ngokugcwele amanzi ukuthi isiko singathatha emvelweni. Ngokuntuleka kwe-potassium ngesikhathi esomile, lesi sitshalo singagoma, sibheke futhi sife. Ukwengeza, i-potassium iqinisa ukuvikeleka kwezitshalo kanye nokukwazi ukulwa nezinambuzane eziningi, kanti isivuno senza kube mnandi kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! I-potassium eyengeziwe iyingozi ngoba ivimba ukungena kwe-nitrogen emzimbeni wesitshalo futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwemigomo ethi "kukhona umuthi e-spoon, ubuthi enkomishini" alukhulumi, kodwa, ngokuphambene nalokho, buthaka amandla omzimba.Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamanyolo we-potash, sizogxila kwezinye zazo. Mhlawumbe into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyiqaphele lapho ukhetha ukutholakala kwe-chlorine umanyolo ekubunjweni, ngoba akuyona into enhle kakhulu enhlabathini, kudinga ukunamathela emithethweni ekhethekile uma isetshenziswe.
I-potassium chloride
Isibonelo esilula kakhulu i-potassium chloride. Lokhu mhlawumbe umanyolo wokushisa we-potash owuthanda kakhulu futhi ongabizi, oqukethe i-chlorine (cishe u-40%). Imifino eminingi isabela kakhulu kulokhu, ngakho iklabishi, ukhukhamba, ama-eggplants, utamatisi, i-pepper, i-legumes, nama-melon, okudinga kakhulu i-potassium, kungcono kunikezwe ngalesi sici ngaphandle kwamanye umquba weqembu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isipinashi kanye nesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi akuzona amasiko okuchlorophobic, ngakho-ke lokhu kwakhiwa kuhle kakhulu kubo. 
Ngaphandle, i-potassium chloride ibukeka njenge-powder e-crystalline ephuza amanzi kalula, okubangela ukuba igwetshwe lapho igcinwa ngendlela engafanele (njengoba amakristalu ahlakazeka emanzini kakhulu nakakhulu).
Faka isicelo se-potassium chloride ekwindla, khona-ke i-chlorine equkethwe kuyo izohlanzwa emhlabathini, kanti entwasahlobo kungenzeka ukutshala izitshalo ezihleliwe ngaphandle kokwesaba embhedeni.
Kubalulekile! I-potassium chloride yandisa kakhulu i-acidity yenhlabathi, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa kuyadingeka ukunquma izinga le-pH endaweni yakho.Emhlabathini owunzima, lo manyolo awusetshenzisiwe, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, ukudlula ngokweqile kwe-chloride ye-potassium akumukeleki.
Potassium sulfate
I-potassium sulfate, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-potassium sulfate, iphinde ibe nekristalu elunamanzi, kodwa i-gray, hhayi i-pink. I-Potassium kulo manyolo iqukethe cishe ama-50%, okwenza kube yigugu kakhulu futhi adume kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinzuzo zalolu hlobo lomanyolo womanyolo zihlanganisa iqiniso lokuthi:
- ayinalo i-chlorine eyingozi emhlabathini;
- ngaphandle kwe-potassium, ihlanganisa nesulfure, i-magnesium ne-calcium, edingekayo ukuze izitshalo;
- ingasetshenziswa cishe kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi;
- ayinayo imingcele ekhethekile ngesikhathi sesingeniso;
- akuyona ikhekhe futhi ayifuni amanzi, ngakho-ke ingagcinwa ngaphandle kokubheka imodi ekahle yokuma.
Kubalulekile! Isibabule sivame ukwandisa impilo yesheluli yezithelo, futhi kususa nitrate kubo, ngakho-ke i-potassium sulphate, ngokungafani ne-chloride, iyimifuno enhle yeqembu lemifino.Kodwa-ke, kukhona ukulinganiselwa okubili kokusetshenziswa kwe-potassium sulfate. Okokuqala ayikwazi ukuhlanganiswa namaminerali amaminerali aqukethe i-lime futhi, okwesibili, njenge-potassium chloride, lokhu kukhulisa izinga le-asidi emhlabathini, ngakho-ke akufanelekele inhlabathi ye-asidi.
I-potassium usawoti
I-potassium usawoti (futhi ebizwa nangokuthi i-potassium yayo) ibhekisela kumanyolo ane-chlorine. Iqukethe i-potassium chloride ne-sylvinite noma i-uKayite, lapho kukhona khona i-chlorine engaphezulu kune-potassium chloride ngokwayo.
Uyazi? Usawoti we-potassium usahlongozwa ezimayini, futhi lolu hlobo lomsebenzi luyingozi kakhulu kokubili kubomayini ngokwabo (izendwangu zosawoti zibuthakathaka futhi zizinzile, ngakho-ke ukuhamba komhlaba kulezi zimboni kuvamile), kodwa futhi nesistimu yezinto eziphilayo. Ngesikhathi sokumbiwa kwezimayini, ngezinye izikhathi ingxenye eyodwa ye-potassium inezinxenye ezingu-2-3 ezingcolile ezingcolile, okuyilapho zikhuliswe phezulu, zithinte kakhulu imvelo, ikakhulukazi uma umoya uqala ukuthwala uthuli olude ngaphezu kwamabanga amade.Ukucabangela lokho okwakushiwo mayelana nenani le-chlorine emunyuwa we-potassium, zonke izinyathelo zokuqapha mayelana ne-potassium chloride lapha kufanele zicatshangelwe ngokunakwa okukhulu nakakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kosawoti we-potassium entwasahlobo akunconywa ngokulinganayo, kuyafana nakusikhathi sasehlobo, isikhathi esifanele kuphela salokhu ekwindla.
I-potassium usawoti isetshenziswe ngokuphumelelayo ekudleni izitshalo zezimpande zefodder, ishukela isithombo sebhitrudi nezithelo zezitshalo, ngokwemvelo, kunikezwe ukuthi ukudlula ngokweqile kugwenywe.
Ngendlela, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-potassium chloride, lo manyolo uzodinga okungaphezulu (izikhathi kanye nengxenye). I-potassium usawoti ingahlanganiswa nezinye izithasiselo, kodwa lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngaphambi kokubeka enhlabathini.
Iqembu le-Phosphoric
Amaminerali amaminerali e-Phosphate ayadingeka ngokuyinhloko ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lwempande zezitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sici sigcina ukuphefumula futhi sigcwalise umzimba wesitshalo ngamandla (njengoba wazi, ushukela ungumthombo wamandla, ngakho-ke inani elikhulu le-phosphorus emhlabathini landisa inani loshukela ezitshalweni, kanye nesitashi emazambeni).
Uyazi? Umlando wokutholakala kwe-phosphorus kumnandi kakhulu. Engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa, omunye wama-alchemist waseJalimane (igama lakhe langena isayensi kuze kube phakade, egama lakhe linguBritht Henning) komunye umzamo wokuthola itshe lefilosofi lizama ukuhlukanisa igolide ekusebenziseni umchamo ovamile womuntu. Ngenxa yokusebenza okuhlukahlukene, wakwazi ukuthola i-powdery white substance, ekhanya ebumnyameni njengegolide, okwakwamukelwa ngokushesha ososayensi abanojabulayo. Umlobi wabiza ukutholakala kwakhe nge-phosphorus, ehunyushwe ngegama lesiGreki elisho "ukuthwala ukukhanya." Ngeshwa uHenning, njengoba siqonda, akakwazanga ukuguqula i-powder ekhanyayo ibe yigolide, kodwa lokhu akuvimbeli isosayense esimangalisa ukuqala ukuthengisa izinto ezintsha ngentengo ephakeme kunezindleko zensimbi enengekayo.Uma lesi sitshalo singenayo i-phosphorus, sephuzile ekukhuleni, izithelo zivuthiwe sekwephuzile. Kodwa ukudlula kwalesi sici nakho akusifisi, ngoba kuyingozi ukukhula isiqu futhi ushiya ngokushesha kakhulu ekulimazeni isivuno esizayo (kuzoba nezithelo ezincane futhi zizoba zincane).
Superphosphate
I-Superphosphate ingeyomanyolo ovame kakhulu wamaminerali weqembu le-phosphate. Ngaphezu kwalesi sici, lo mthombo uqukethe i-nitrogen futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izakhi ezidingekayo ezitshalweni, isibonelo, isulfure, magnesium noma i-calcium, ngenxa yokuthi umanyolo unomthelela ojulile kulesi sitshalo: kuqinisa uhlelo lwempande, kuthuthukisa umzimba, kuphuthumayo ukuqhuma, futhi Umthelela omuhle esimisweni somzimba sokuzivikela. 
Noma kunjalo, naphezu kokukhona kwezakhi ezengeziwe, i-potassium superphosphate ingokomanyolo olula we-phosphate, ngoba ingxenye yayo eyinhloko i-phosphorus.
Uyazi? Ngokwemvelo, izinto eziqukethe i-phosphorus zakhiwa ngenxa yokunciphisa amathambo ezilwane ezifile, kodwa lesi sici cishe asitholakali ngendlela yaso ehlanzekile. Kwakungenxa yokudla kwethambo phakathi nekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye eNgilandi ukuthi i-phosphate mineral fertilizer yokuqala, i-superphosphate, yaqala ukusebenza. Kulokhu, ufulawa uphathwa nge-sulfuric acid. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lesi simiso sibhekene nokukhiqizwa kwe-superphosphate emhlabeni wonke kuze kube namuhla.Ukungaguquguquki kwe-superphosphate kungaba yi-powder noma i-granules yanoma yikuphi ama-shades wegrey, kuze kube mnyama. I-powder iyafaneleka nakakhulu lapho kunesidingo ukufezekisa umthelela osheshayo. Isidakamizwa sichithwa kalula emanzini, kodwa uma uletha enhlabathini ngendlela efomile, umphumela uzoba wephuza kakhulu noma ngeke kwenzeke nhlobo.
Izihlahla nezihlahla ziphendula kabi ngokufafaza kwe-superphosphate powder eyomile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa yezitshalo ezinjalo, kungcono ukufaka umquba we-phosphate eduze nezimpande, ngoba cishe azingena ngaphakathi emhlabathini.
Bhalisa lokhu kumanyolo okwenziwa kahle ekwindla, kodwa ithebhu yasentwasahlobo ibuye ivunyelwe (futhi izinga lokusetshenziswa alixhomeki ngenkathi - ngokuvamile cishe ngamamitha angu-60 kumitha yendawo ngayinye).
Futhi futhi, njengalezi zilimo zomquba ezingenhla, i-superphosphate inqatshelwe emhlabathini owumile, ngoba ingxenye enkulu yomanyolo i-asidi. Kodwa ngenxa yensimu enesihlabathi, enesihlabathi ne-podzolic ukugqoka okunjalo yilokho okudingayo. 
Inzuzo engafakaziwe ye-superphosphate yiyona "yokudlala isikhathi eside" yemiphumela yayo. Iqiniso liwukuthi izitshalo zinekhono lokuthatha emhlabathini njengeningi le-phosphorus abayidingayo, kanti umanyolo osetshenziswa ngokweqile ungahlala iminyaka eminingana. Ngakho-ke, ukudlula ngokweqile kwe-superphosphate akuyona inkinga umlimi wesimanje okufanele asabe.
I-superphosphate kabili
I-superphosphate ephindwe kabili ihlukile kusuka elula yokuthi ukubunjwa kwayo kuqukethe ukungcola okuncane kakhulu, kuyilapho i-phosphorus, izitshalo ezikwazi ukuhlanganisa, iqukethe kuyo kabili noma kathathu ngaphezulu. Futhi i-superphosphate kabili ihlanganisa i-nitrogen, isibabule, i-calcium futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, ngamanani amancane, i-zinc, ithusi, i-boron, i-molybdenum, i-manganese nensimbi. Enye inzuzo ye-superphosphate kabili ngaphezu kokulula ukuthi ayikwazi ukugqoka futhi ayihlanganisi ndawonye. Lo manyolo usetshenziswe ngempumelelo kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi nanoma yisiphi isizini, kufaka phakathi ukutshala izitshalo ngesikhathi sokukhula.
Kubalulekile! Uma usebenzisa i-superphosphate kabili ukufaka ummbila nobolontala, ukuxhumana okuqondile kwembewu enomanyolo we-powder noma ama-granules kufanele kugwenywe, kanti izitshalo eziningi zemifino zizosabela ngisho nokuxuba imbewu yazo ngaphambi kokutshala ngalezi zinhlayiya.Uma utshala imifino emhlabathini, kanye nokutshala amazambane, kwanele ukungeza 3 g yalesi sici emthonjeni ngamunye. Ukusetshenziswa kwamamitha ayi-square - 30-40 g (okungukuthi, umanyolo udinga isigamu izikhathi eziphindwe kabili kune-superphosphate elula).
Njenge-superphosphate evamile, lo manyolo awunangqondo ukusabalalisa emhlabathini - mhlawumbe ungcwatshwe ngokujulile, eduze nezimpande, noma uhlanjululwa emanzini futhi usetshenziselwa ukunisela. Njenge-potassium sulfate, i-superphosphate kabili ayikwazi ukuhlanganiswa nama-fertilizer aqukethe i-lime, kanye ne-urea (urea), ngoba izithako ezisebenzayo kulezi zinhlanganisela zihlukumezana.Phosphoric Flour
Ufulawa we-phosphoric uyi-grey noma i-brown powder obuningi bezinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene zokugaya. Inzuzo yomanyolo ukuthi ayinayo ikhekhe, ayilahlekelwa impahla yayo ngenkathi igcinwa futhi ayiyona into enobuthi kubantu.
Kubalulekile! Ufulawa we-phosphate ungabizwa ngokuthi umanyolo wemvelo, ngoba, njengoba ususwe emhlabathini, cishe awukwenzi ukucubungula okungeziwe, ngaphandle kokuhlanzwa okujwayelekile.
I-phosphorus equkethe ufulawa ayitholakali kalula izitshalo eziningi, ngakho-ke ngcono umquba womhlabathi, ukuphakama kwawo kuyoba ngcono. Njengamanye umquba we-phosphate, i-phosphate rock ingasetshenziswa kanye njalo eminyakeni embalwa, kepha lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokulala okujulile, ngaphandle kwalokho i-phosphorus ngeke itholakale ohlelweni lwempande zezitshalo. Le powder cishe ingasetshenzisiwe emanzini, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyibeka efomini elomile. 
Uma uhlela ukuhlwanyela iminyaka ngezinsizi ezingajulile kakhulu, ungafaka ibhukimakhi ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zenhlabathi, kungadingeki ukuthi ukumba ngokucophelela. Khumbula: umanyolo uzosebenza endaweni yamabhukimakhi ayo, futhi kungenhla noma ngezansi kuzohamba kahle.
Njengomthetho, idwala le-phosphate lisetshenziswe enhlabathini ngenkathi ekwindla noma entwasahlobo njengomanyolo we-pre-seed. Ngomitha wamakhilomitha kuzodinga kusuka amagremu ayikhulu kuya kwamakhulu amathathu we-powder. Umanyolo awufanelekile ukondla.
Enye indlela yokusebenzisa i-phosphate rock ukuguqula umquba ube ngumquba (okuthiwa umquba wokuquba umquba). В этом случае решаются две задачи: содержащийся в муке фосфор становится более доступным для растений, а потери азота существенно уменьшаются. В результате оба вещества используются наиболее эффективно.
Овечий, коровий, свиной, конский, кроличий навоз можно использовать для удобрения садовых и огородных культур.
Ngokungafani namanyolo amaningi angenhla, i-phosphate rock inhle kakhulu enhlabathini ye-asidi, yile nhlabathi ukuthi ingcono kakhulu izithandwa yizitshalo. Inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi ne-alkali kufanele ibe ne-acidified kancane ngaphambi kokusebenzisa umanyolo onjalo, ngaphandle kwalokho i-phosphorus ngeke ichithe futhi ihlale emhlabathini ngaphandle komphumela.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa umanyolo we-potash phosphate
Ukugqoka okuphezulu komanyolo we-phosphorus-potassium kuyadingeka kuzo zonke izitshalo, okwenyuka ukwanda komkhiqizo, kokubili izici eziningana nezokufaneleka, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuzivikela kanye nokumelana kwabakhileyo ensimini yakho noma engadini yemifino kuya ezifweni ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinambuzane nezinhlekelele zemvelo - amaqhwa okubandayo kanye nehlobo elomile . Ngezivini zomvini ezikhethekile, i-currant ebomvu nezihlahla zokusajingijolo, kanye nama-strawberries no-utamatisi bazophatha ukondla okunjalo. 
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusetshenziswa kwamanyolo okunjalo kunezici zalo, okubangelwa imiphumela ehlukene ezitshalweni zezakhi ze-potassium ne-phosphorus.
Amakhomikhali e-phosphate kwenziwa entwasahlobo, uma sikhuluma ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi ekwindla, uma sidla ukudla okungapheliyo. Konke kulula: inzuzo enkulu ye-phosphorus itholakala yizimpande zesitshalo, ngakho-ke, lokho okukhula phakathi nenkathi eyodwa kungcono kunikezwe nalesi sici ngaphambi kokutshala.
Ukuze izitshalo zisetshenziswa, i-phosphorus emhlabathini izokuvumela ukuba "ungene ebusika" ngesistimu enamandla yezimpande bese uthola ukuhlinzekwa kwento edingekayo yonyaka wonke wesikhathi esizayo. (njengoba sekushiwo ngokuphindaphindiwe, izitshalo ze-phosphorus zingathathwa emhlabathini kancane kancane futhi isikhathi eside kakhulu). Isingeniso esizenzekelayo seqembu le-potash sisekelwe isisekelo sokuzivikela okuhle, ukuchichima okuningi nokufuthwa ngonyaka ozayo.
Ukusakaza isipuni esisodwa se-phosphate nama-fertilizer umquba (isib., Usawoti we-potassium kanye ne-superphosphate) imitha ngayinye yezihlahla zemithi yezihlahla nezitshalo ekwindla kuzonikeza umphumela omuhle kakhulu entwasahlobo. Ngokuba ama-strawberries, ingxube yezipuni eziphambili ze-superphosphate nesipuni esingaphelele se-potashi usawoti ngamamitha wesikwele. 
Futhi i-potassium, ne-phosphorus ingahlala emhlabathini isikhathi eside, futhi lokhu kuyinto elula kakhulu yeziqulezi ezinjalo. Zombili lezi zakhi ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa ngokujulile emhlabathini, kodwa uma ingxenye ye-potassium isetshenziswa njengesixazululo, i-phosphorus ifakwe ngqo ngendlela ebizwa ngokuthi i-powder noma i-granules.
Funda indlela yokudla izaqathe, iklabishi, anyanisi, ukolweni ubusika, beet ukwandisa izitshalo.
Umquba we-phosphate-potassium kubalulekile kumagilebhisi, ngoba i-potassium, ikakhulukazi enhlabathini elula, iqinisekisa ukumelana nomvini ebusika, kanti i-phosphorus iyasheshisa ukuvuthwa kwamajikijolo futhi yenza kube mnandi. Izitshalo nezitamatisi ziyadingeka kuleli qembu, nakuba zidinga i-phosphorus encane kune-potassium. Futhi, umthamo we-potassium kufanele unciphise uma ukondla izitshalo ezisebenzisa ingxenye yazo eluhlaza, ngoba lesi sici sithuthukisa izimbali ezikhulayo kanye ne-fruiting. 
Ngamafuphi, ngaphandle kwalezi zinsimbi zamaminerali njenge-potassium ne-phosphorus, ukuthola ukuvunwa okuhle akunakwenzeka, noma kunjalo, ukukhetha ukugqoka okuphezulu, umthamo kanye nesikhathi sokwethulwa kuncike ezintweni eziningi.
Indlela yokunquma ukungabi nalutho kwezakhi emhlabathini
Ngokuthenga umanyolo obunzima, ungagcina isikhathi nemizamo ngokuzimela ngokuzenzekelayo inani elifanele lezingxenye ezibalulekile zensimu yakho. Kodwa-ke, kunezimo lapho umhlabathi usuvele uqukethe okweqile kwezinto ezithile, nokudla okungeziwe ngeke kuthuthukise isivuno, kodwa kuyomonakalisa kuphela. Ukuze ugweme isimo esinjalo, kubalulekile ukuba ukwazi ukunquma "ngeso" ukuthi yini ngempela isitshalo esiyidingayo nokuthi yini engenayo iningi. Njengoba ungajwayele lokhu, kungase kubonakale kunzima, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi isibhamu esakhiweni siyokwanela ukwenza "ukuxilongwa" okulungile. Ngakho-ke, uma sikhuluma ngokuntuleka kwe-potassium, izitshalo ezisengozini zihlwanyelwe ngokuyisisekelo esihlabathini nasesihlabathini esingaphezulu kwehlabathi, emhlabathini we-peaty noma emifuleni yezikhukhula. Ngakho-ke ngale nkinga kubonisa isiko, esisezingeni lokukhula okusebenzayo. Qaphela amaqabunga: ayenamahloni, aphuzi noma abe nsundu futhi asomile emaphethelweni.
Kubalulekile! Isibonakaliso sokuqala sokuntuleka kwe-potassium emhlabathini yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukushisa okuncane emagqabeni, ikakhulukazi asebekhulile (ngokuntuleka kwe-potassium emhlabathini, isitshalo ngokweqile "sinikeza" isici esingafaneleki ukuba sibe namahlumela amancane ngenani labantu abadala). Ibonakala ezindaweni ezibomvu noma ezomile eceleni komkhawulo weplate, kanti ngaphezu kwayo yonke indawo kukhona nezinhlobo zezimpawu ezibukeka njengezigqila.Lesi sitshalo sibonakala siphenduka, siphenduka, siphetheza emaphethelweni amaqabunga, imifula ibonakala ingena ngaphakathi kwekhasi leqabunga, isitembu sibe mncane futhi sikhululekile, ngokuvamile siqala ukuhamba emhlabathini. Ukukhula kwezitshalo kunciphisa, amaqabunga nezimbali zikhula kabi.
Ngeshwa Izibonakaliso zangaphandle ze-potassium indlala zibonakala ziphuzile, ngalesi sikhathi isitshalo singayithola lesi sici ngaphansi kwezikhathi ezintathu kunomkhuba. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukungathembeli ezinkomba ezinjalo: njengoba nje izinkomba ezinkulu ("ukuhlola") kudeshibhodi emotweni ukukhanya, njengombuso, lapho inkinga isivele ibaluleke kakhulu, futhi ayifuni kakhulu ukuletha lokhu phambili; ukuthi iqala kanjani ukuvela emaqabunga.Ngokuqondene ne-phosphorus, ukuntuleka kwayo kunzima nakakhulu. Inkinga ingenzeka kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenhlabathi, kodwa inhlabathi ebomvu iyakwazi ukuthinteka, kanye nenhlabathi e-acidic ne-sod-podzolic. Ukuqukethwe okuphezulu kwensimbi ne-aluminium emhlabathini nakho kuvame ukuhambisana nokuntuleka kwe-phosphorus. 
Ngaphandle, ukuntuleka kwe-phosphorus kubonakala njengokuntuleka kwe-nitrogen, okuyinkinga eyengeziwe ekuxilongweni okufanele. Izitshalo ezincane zikhula kabi futhi kancane kancane, amahlumela amancane, amancane, amaqabunga awela njalo. Izimbali nezithelo zivela sekwephuzile. Kodwa nokho kukhona inkomba: umbala wekhasi.
Ngokuntuleka kwe-phosphorus, ipuleti iba mnyama futhi iyathutha, futhi ezimweni ezibucayi, ama-petioles abe abomvu noma abephuzi. Emile ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-phosphorus, amaqabunga abe mnyama, kanti indlala ye-nitrogen ibonakala ekukhanyeni kweqabunga elomile. Njengokuntuleka kwe-potassium, indlala ye-phosphorus ibonakala kangcono ezingxenyeni ezindala zesitshalo kunamahlumela amancane. 
Ukuze izakhamuzi zensimu yakho nemifino yemifino ziphilile futhi zikujabulise ngezithelo ezihlwabusayo, ungafaki isimo sabo emibonakalweni engenhla yokuntuleka kwezakhi ezibaluleke kakhulu - potassium ne-phosphorus. Ngesikhathi esifanele futhi efaka umanyolo ofanele, ucabangela izici zenhlabathi kanye nemvelo yezitshalo - isihluthulelo sokuvuna okuhle kakhulu eminyakeni. Futhi ungawuthola ngisho noma indawo yakho yekotishi itholakala ngamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa, futhi ufika lapho okungaphezu kwesonto ngesonto!
