"Riesling" - izinhlobo ezivuthiwe ezivuthiwe ezenzelwe ukukhiqizwa kwewayini elimhlophe. Lezi zihlukahlukene zingenye yezintandokazi phakathi "njenge-Chardonnay" ne "Sauvignon". Ukusebenzisa amagilebhisi kulezi ezihlukahlukene, thola izinga eliphezulu lewayini elikhiqizwa. Lekhwalithi inikeza isilinganiso esiphakeme phakathi kwazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo zemagilebhisi. Izilinganiso "Riesling": "White Riesling", "Rhine Riesling", "Riesling Johannisberg", "Johanisberger", "Weiser", "White", "Moselle", "Rhine", "Rislinok".
Kulesi sihloko, sifunda ukuthi yiliphi uhlobo lomvini futhi yiliphi iwayini elibizwa ngokuthi "Riesling".
Iwayini namagilebhisi: umlando wokuzalanisa
Amazwi okuqala athi "Riesling" atholakala enkondlweni ethi "Moselle" yimbongi waseRoma yasendulo uMagna Ausonia, lapho ekhuluma khona ngamagquma aseMoselle e-Rhine River. 
Esikhathini sekhulu le-XV, izithombo zokuqala eziyisithupha zalolu hlobo zihlwanyelwe eduze kwezindonga zendlu yaseRusselheim. Futhi abaqashi bemvelo bakholelwa ukuthi izinhlobo zokuqala zavuswa emuva ngo-843 ngesikhathi sikaLouis II Le Germain, owayenamazwe aseJalimane ngaleso sikhathi.
Watshala ukubusa kwakhe eceleni komfula weRhinine Valley amagilebhisi okuthiwa uReisen (okuhunyushwa kusukela ngeJalimane kusho "ekwindla").
Uzoba nesithakazelo sokwazi ngezinhlobo ezinjalo zemagilebhisi njenge "Helios", "Gala", "Chameleon", "Ladies Fingers", "Harold", "Lily of Valley", "Veles", "Ruslan", "Vostorg", "Sphinx" , "Owesifazane omuhle", "annie", "talisman".Ekuqaleni, iwayini lalezi ezihlukahlukene akuthandwayo. Udumo lwenze ikhefu lucky. Ngokomlando, isithunywa esanikeze imvume yokuvuna amagilebhisi, salahleka futhi safika amasonto amabili kamuva.
Ngaleso sikhathi, amagilebhisi kakade asevuthwe futhi ahlanganiswa isikhunta. Ngemva kokuphuza iwayini ngamagilebhisi anjalo avuthiwe, abenzi bewayini bathola ukuthi lapho amajikijolo avuthwa, kuba mnandi futhi kube mnandi kakhulu. U-abbot othakazelisayo uFulda, owathenga futhi wabuyisela amanxiwa asezindlini zezindela zaseJohnnberg kanye nezivini zakhe ezilahliwe, ekugcineni wabuyisela idumela likaRiesling. Ngenxa ye-abbot, leli grafi seliye laziwa kakhulu ezweni. Kancane kancane, udumo lwakhe lwafika eYurophu.
Uyazi? Standard "Riesling" Kubhekwa njengewayini kusuka ezikhungweni zezindela ze-Johannisberg.Ukuthandwa yiRiesling kubonakala nakancane ukuthi abaqashi bezindawo zendawo, bezama ukudala i-analogue, batshala izinhlobo ezahlukene zeMeller-Thurgau. Iwayini ekugcineni laba yizinga elibi futhi eliphansi kakhulu.
Imvelo yasize le vinini. Ngakho-ke, kwenye yokushisa kwama-frosty, zonke izilwane ezihlukahlukene ze-Muller-Thurgau zaphela futhi i-Riesling yangempela yayitshalwe ukuba iyithathele indawo, ikwazi ukunqoba ubusika obukhulu. 
Izinhlobonhlobo eziyinhloko zezivini zase-Alsace "Riesling" zaba ngemva kuka-1960.
Cabangela incazelo eningiliziwe yamagilebhisi "Riesling", incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo nesithombe sayo.
Izici ze-Varietal
Izici zezinhlobo zezithelo zomvini zivumela amajikijolo ukuba athole isisindo esiphezulu. Isikhathi semifino - izinsuku eziyi-130-150 ngokungabikho kokushisa okukhulu okushisa.
Shrub
Bush srednerosly ngokunyuka okuhambelana nokuvuthwa komvini.
Amahlamvu anama-five-lobed, aphezulu, anezingqimba ezinamajoni obukhulu obukhulu, ahlehliswa kancane, anesisindo esingajulile sombala okhanyayo (amaqabunga amancane omthunzi wethusi). Ingxenye yabo engenhla iphikisiwe. 
Amaqabunga ayaqhakaza ngasekupheleni, kepha le ndawo inikeza ukumelana nesithwathwa ukukhwela. I-petiole ivulekile, umthunzi obomvu.
Amahlumela amancane esihlahla aphansi, asakazeka, aluhlaza okombala futhi agcwele u-pubescence omncane.
Izimbali zombili zobulili zijwayele ukuwa, okwenza kube nomthelela ekuvuneni. Ngemuva kwezimbali zabo, kutholakala iqembu elincane elinamajikijolo amancane.
Umvini unombala onomnyaka owodwa, omncane, osesibhakabhaka ombala obomvu esifundeni esifushane. Ubude - 8-14 cm, ububanzi obungaphezulu kuka-8. 
Amajikijolo
Amajikijolo amancane (1.5 cm ububanzi), azungeze, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma omhlophe noma ophuzi, ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa ngezimpawu zombala obomvu esikhumbeni. Isikhumba sinomzimba, kodwa sihlala isikhathi eside. I-Berry iqukethe imbewu engu-2-4.
Kubalulekile! Ukuvunwa kwamagilebhisi okuhle nokuthuthukiswa okuncane kubonisa ukufa kwehlathi. Lesi sitshalo sizama ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kohlobo lwembewu enkulu.Inyama iyamanzi, enhle, enambithekayo.
Okuqukethwe kokushukela kuphakathi kwama-20%, i-acidity ifika ku-10-11 g / l. 
Ukuvuna ukuvuna kwenzeka ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-5-6.
Izici zokukhula
Ubude bomjikelezo wokuphila kanye nokuvunwa okuhle kuncike ezimweni nezimo zokukhula "kwe-Riesling".
Uzoba nesithakazelo sokwazi ngemithetho yamagilebhisi akhula avela etsheni.Isici esibalulekile ekutshalweni kwayo yilokho, okukhulayo ezimweni ezishisayo, zonke izimfanelo zamajikijolo newayini zilahlekile. Ikhwalithi enhle yalesi sivinini ithonywa yisimo sezulu esipholile, esinikeza ngenkathi ende yokukhula.
Uyazi? Uma ucabangela zonke izici zokulima, isivini sikwazi ukuthela izithelo 30-50 iminyaka, ngesikhathi sokuphila kwezizukulwane ezimbili.
Ukukhanyisa
Ukukhanyisa kuyisimiso esiyisisekelo sokuthuthukiswa okuhle kanye ne-fruiting yayo. 
"I-Riesling" ayithandi izindawo ezinomthunzi kakhulu, kodwa ukushisa ngokweqile kuyaphikisana nayo. Akayithandi ukushisa okweqile futhi ukhetha ukushisa okulinganiselayo, ubusuku obukhanyayo nabandayo emini.
Izidingo zomhlaba
I-Riesling ithanda amazwe angama-calcareous futhi angavumi kakhulu. Lokhu kushukumisa amaqoqo ukuba athole amaminerali amaningi kanye nezici zokulandelela. Ukhethile kakhulu ngokuswakama. Akayithandi inhlanzi, inhlabathi enomdlandla, enomoya omuhle.
I-Riesling ingakhula emhlabathini ohluphekayo, kodwa lokhu kuthinta ngokuqondile umkhiqizo wayo.
Indawo ekahle kuye iyimithambeka emadwala. 
Imithetho yokufika
Ukutshala amagilebhisi kuyinkqubo ende edinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Ikhiqizwa endaweni evulekile evulekile. Isikhathi sokutshala sikhethwa entwasahlobo noma ekwindla.
Isimo esiyinhloko ukushisa kwomoya akusi ngaphansi kuka-10 ° C ngaphansi kwe-zero hhayi ngaphezu kwe-15 ° C ngezansi kwezinga.
Kubalulekile! Njengoba ububanzi bomugqa obuphakathi okungenani amamitha amathathu no-1.2 m ubude phakathi kwehlathi, ukuthuthukiswa komvini kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10 kuqinisekisiwe.Njengoba ukhethe isayithi, ukufika kwezwe kwenziwa ngemigqa eqondile ebangeni hhayi ngaphansi kwamamitha amathathu ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ukutshala okunjalo kuzonikeza ikusasa lamagilebhisi ngesithuba esanele sokukhula.
Umhlaba ulungiselelwe ngezindlela ezimbili:
- Umsele usuweke u-60-70 cm ojulile.
- Umgodi wokutshala wokujula okufanayo ugubiwe, hhayi ngaphansi kuka-60 cm ububanzi.
Kubalulekile! Izinto zokutshala kufanele zikhululeke emonakalweni, ukukhula kwefungal kanye nanoma yikuphi ukubonakaliswa kwesifo.Izinto zokutshala okuhle ukuphakama okungaphansi kwe-20 cm, inezimpande ezingu-3-4 ezimanzi futhi ama-4-5 efihlekile ekudubula phezulu.
Uma utshalwa, uhlelo lwempande ludinga ukubuyekezwa kancane (lunqunywe) futhi lufakwe kwisisombululo sokwanda okukhula (Fumar, Heteroauxin, Succinic Acid). Ukufika kuyenziwa ngale ndlela:
- Uhlaka lomhlaba olukhuniwe luthululelwa emgodini ovuliwe (10-15 cm);
- kwi-hillock eyakhiwe, eqondisa uhlelo lwempande, afake isiteji;
- kuze kube semkhatsini wegodi, inhlabathi ehlwanyelwe ichithelwa ngaphakathi futhi igxilile kancane;
- ukugoba kancane amanzi amaningi afudumele;
- lapho umhlabathi umile, umgodi ulele ngokuphelele.
Kubalulekile! Izithelo zamagilebhisi zokutshala izitshalo kakade ngonyaka wesibili. Indlela ye-Autumn izohlinzeka nge-fruiting kuphela ngonyaka wesithathu.Ukutshala okufaneleko kuzokuqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa okunamandla nokuklama okuhle esikhathini esizayo.
I-Grade Care
Isisekelo sokuvuna konyaka ozayo ukunakekelwa kahle komvini wonyaka, okuqukethe ukuchelela okufanele, ukufaka umanyolo emhlabathini, ukusika ngesikhathi esifanele nokususa ukhula.
Lokhu kuzokuvumela "amehlo" akhe avuthiwe nobusika, futhi anikeze ukuphila amahlumela esizayo.
Kubalulekile! "Riesling" ayibekezeli amaqabunga asemanzini, futhi umswakama ophezulu wenhlabathi wenza izifo zomvini.
Ukunisela
Ukuchelela okulinganiselwe ngezikhathi ezithile kwenziwa kuphela ezintwaneni ezincane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala futhi ziyeka amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuba ziqhakaze. 
Esikhathini sezulu esivuthayo, ukuchelela okuvamile akulindelekile, kepha ngesikhathi sonyaka owomile kuwufanelekile ukuhambisa umhlabathi (ngokungafani izikhathi ezine ngonyaka). Ukunisela kumele kushiywe isikhathi sokuqhakaza futhi ngesikhathi sokukhula okujulile kwamahlumela.
Umanyolo
Lapho kukhula izithelo zomvini, kuvunyelwe ukukhipha njalo inhlabathi bese uyondla ngamaminerali omanyolo athengwe kunoma yisiphi isitolo segadini.
Funda ngomanyolo wamagilebhisi ekwindla.Ukudla okunjalo, okwenziwe ngenqubo yokutshala nangemva kwayo, kuqhubeka iminyaka emibili elandelayo.
Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-3-4, ngesikhathi se-fruiting egcwele futhi ezinzile, ukondla okwenziwe kwenziwa, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kube nokuvunwa okuhle kwamagilebhisi. 
Ukudubula
Ukwandisa ukuhlanganiswa kwamagilebhisi entwasahlobo yonke, amaqabunga amaningana atholakala emagatsheni amancane. Ukutshala kufanele kwenziwe okwamanje, kungenjalo izihlahla zizokhula ngokuqinile, futhi amajikijolo ayoba encane kakhulu.
Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuthi ufunde ngokunquma okulungile kwamagilebhisi ekwindla.Lapho ukusika izihlahla, umvini unikezwa ifomu ekhethekile futhi elula yokulinakekela kanye nendawo yokukhosela ebusika (uma indawo yokukhosela ihlelwe).
Kubalulekile! Ukunciphisa ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokuduka kungenziwanga.Inqubo yokusika izihlahla iphindwe iminyaka engama-3-6 kuze kube yilapho isihlahla sithola ukuma kwayo. Eminyakeni eyalandela, ukusika izihlahla kuphela ekususweni komnyaka owodwa noma ukuzuza okubuthakathaka.
Ukususwa kwenokhula nokunakekelwa kwenhlabathi
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi kuyisici esibalulekile sokukhula komvini okuhle nokuthuthukiswa. Inhlabathi enhle, enomanzi futhi ekhululekile iyisici esiyinhloko emisebenzini ye-microflora yenhlabathi ezuzisayo, futhi kamuva-yokwenza umhlaba ngezakhi zomzimba.
Inhlabathi kuyo yonke inkathi yokusahlobo kwentwasahlobo kumele ihlelwe ngendlela efanele, futhi wonke ukhula kufanele lususwe ngokushesha.
Ukunakekela inhlabathi ngesikhathi sasehlobo kuhilela ukuvulwa komhlaba okuvamile. Ngentwasahlobo nasekwindla, kubalulekile ukumba, lapho izimbiwa zamaminerali nezomanyolo eziphilayo zifakwa khona emhlabathini. 
Indlela enhle yokulondoloza ikhwalithi yezwe futhi uqinisekise ukungabi khona kokhula kumagilebhisi angaphezu kweminyaka emine yi-zaluzhenie (sodding). Ukuhlambalaza kuhilela ukuhlwanyela izihlahla ezinjalo phakathi kwemigqa, njenge-fescue, i-clover, isardard, i-ryegrass, i-alfalfa.
Le ndlela izokuvumela ukugcina ingqimba evundile yomhlabathi futhi iyoba yisivikelo sayo ngesikhathi sezulu. Kodwa kudinga utshani obuhlelekile.
Ngidinga ukumboza amagilebhisi ebusika
I-Riesling ayithandi ukushisa, ikhetha isimo sezulu esibucayi futhi sikhule ngisho nasesimo sezulu esibuhlungu. Futhi ekuphikeleni kwayo kweqhwa kuthinta izinga lokufika.
Hlola amathiphu amahle kakhulu ekubhubiseni amagilebhisi ebusika.Uma wonke umsebenzi wokulungiselela, ukutshala nokunakekela izithelo zomvini kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, khona-ke isitshalo sikhula futhi sikwazi ukusinda ebusika obunzima ngaphandle kokulimala okukhulu.
Ukutshalwa kwamagilebhisi ngokumboza nokungahlanganisi ebusika kwenziwa ngendlela elandelayo:
- Isiqu esinokuphakama kwamamitha ayi-1.2 sakhiwa kumvini ongavulwe. Izitshalo ezincane zineziqu zazo ngonyaka. Indlela yokugwaza isekelwe kumthethonqubo we-efihlekile namagatsha. Esikhathini sokukhula, kubalulekile ukuqapha isimo se-trunk: kufanele kube khona ngaphandle kokugoba. Uma uguqa, i-trunk iboshelwe isikhonkwane ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okuqondile.
- Ngokufaka izithelo zomvini, indlela ye-bezshtambovy fan isetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwemikhawulo engu-3-4 ubude obungama-40-60 cm. Indlela ye-fan ihilela ukwakhiwa kwezixhumanisi eziningana zezithelo kwi-trellis eqondile (i-garter ebonakalayo ezisekelweni ezifakiwe). Ngalendlela yokukhulisa umthwalo omkhulu esitshalweni - akukho amahlumela angaphezu kuka-30. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho kukhula indlela, noma yiziphi izingozi zokulimala emagilebhisi ngeqhwa kunciphile.
Amajikijolo alo ngaphansi kwesithwathwa athola ubumnandi bawo bemvelo. Futhi ngenxa yokuvuthwa kwakhe kokuvuthwa, uhlala kalula ngisho nangama-frosts entwasahlobo.Izifo nezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene
Hhayi ukumelana nezifo ezinjengomdlavuza we-bacterial, i-oidium (isikhutha se-powdery), i-gray gray (i-kagatnaya rot).
Ukuphikiswa okungaphezulu kwesifo sengculaza.
I-Botrytis cinerea iyi-fungus yesikhunta esenza ngokuzuzisa kuma-berries e-Riesling. Ngenxa yalokho, amaphesenti omswakama amajikijolo wehla, kanti inani lamaminerali noshukela landa. 
Awuyona emelene nezinambuzane ze-phylloxera nezithelo zomvini. Futhi ama-spider amagilebhisi ahlasela, ama-red fruit mite (amaqabunga ama-grape mite) nama-thrips amagilebhisi.
Ukuvimbela kubhekwa njengokuvikelwa okuphumelelayo kwamagilebhisi ezivela ezinambuzane nezifo. Izinyathelo zokuvimbela: Ukunakekelwa okusebenzayo kwenhlabathi kanye nomanyolo walo, ukusika izihlahla kanye nokuphuza ngesikhathi esifanele, kanye nezinyathelo ezikhethekile zokuzivikela.
Funda ngezifo eziyingozi zamagilebhisi.Lokhu kuhlanganisa noma yikuphi ukuphalaza ngezinsimbi zensimbi, isibabule nezinye izinhlayiya, noma ukuchelela ngaphansi komsuka ngesisombululo se "Fundazole" esithengwe esitolo.
Izinyathelo zokuzivikela ezifike ngesikhathi futhi zenza indawo yesivini ingenakulinganiswa ezinambuzane nezilokazane. 
Umthetho obaluleke kakhulu wukuthi izivini akufanele ziphulwe ezindaweni ezingavumelekile, ezimanzi nezimpande, nge-ventilation empofu, ehambisana nalezi zifo.
Izinhlobo ze-Riesling
I-Riesling iyingqayizivele ngohlobo lwayo, kanti izinga lokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo lithinta izinhlobo zalo.
Ngakho, i-Rieslings ihlukaniswe yizinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- I-Kabinett ("iKhabhinethi") - iwayini elimile elomile noma elomile elimile noma elimnandi elivela emvinini ongavuthiwe wesitshalo esikhulu, okuqukethwe okudakayo - okungaphezulu kuka 8-10%;
- Spätlese ("spatleze") - iwayini elomile elivela kumajikijolo avuthiwe kakade ezinsukwini ezingu-12-14 emva kokukhipha amajikijolo e-Kabinett, okuqukethwe okudakayo - 9-11%;
- Ama-auslese ("ama-auslese") iwayini lokukhetha ngesandla ngesandla samajikijolo avuthiwe, kuvuna emva kokukhetha i-Spätlese. Kungaba kokubili i-dessert eyomile neyomnandi, okuqukethwe okudakayo kungaphansi kuka-10-15%;
- I-Beerenauslese ("ukuthunjwa") - iwayini elimnandi elenziwe ngamagilebhisi amaBrotrytis cinerea (botrytised) aphelile futhi asemele kakade okungenani okungu-29%;
- I-Eiswein (i-Eiswein) iwayini elimnandi elenziwe ngamajikijolo abandisiwe athole -7 ° C. Ngenxa yamanzi aphethwe yi-ice, amazinga aphezulu ashukela atholakala;
- I-Trockenbeerenauslese ("i-Trokenberenauslese") iwayini elimnandi le-dessert elenziwe ngamajikijolo aphelele, okuqukethwe okuyishukela kungaphezu kuka-36%.
Ngokuya ngokuvuthwa kwamagilebhisi, iwayini ithola ama-shades nama-aromas ahlukene, okuthinta futhi ngemuva kwe-aftertaste yayo.Uyazi? Ukuze ukhiqize ibhodlela elilodwa le-Trockenbeerenauslese elinamandla angama-0.75 amalitha, umqoki wezithelo zomvini kufanele athathe amagilebhisi izinsuku ezimbili ngaphandle kokudla kwasemini nekhefu. Izindleko zebhodlela elinjalo lika-200 €.Ngakho-ke, ngokuguga, i- "Riesling" inganikeza njengamanothi oju, i-peach kanye ne-apula, namanothi e-oli. Kodwa ayibonakali kwikhwalithi yayo nedumela layo.
Kubalulekile! Ekukhiqizweni kwewayini "Riesling" ayikubekezeli "ukuhlangana", okusho, ukuxuba izinhlobo ezahlukene zamajikijolo (noma amazinga ahlukene okuvuthwa) phakathi kwabo. Kusukela kulokho ukunambitheka kwakhe.Ukufingqa kungase kube mfushane kakhulu. "I-Riesling" iwayini eliyingqayizivele futhi elithambile elinesibhakabhaka ukuthi lizoba umhlobiso omuhle kunoma iyiphi idili.
