I-Perilla ingamakhambi anaphakade anamahlamvu amahle kakhulu. Akahlotshisiwe ingadi kuphela, kodwa futhi usetshenziswa kwezokwelapha zendabuko, ukupheka kanye ne-cosmetology. Isitshalo singowomndeni u-Iasnatkovye. Izwe lakubo yiChina neJapan, kodwa abalimi balime ngempumelelo ujantshi emhlabeni wonke. Izakhamizi zezwe ngalinye ziqamba lesi sitshalo ngendlela yazo, ngakho-ke zitholakala ngaphansi kwamagama "shiso", "basil Chinese", "sesame yasendle", "Vietnamese coriander." E-Russia, ukuthungwa kwakotshalwa maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, futhi manje sekukhohliwe ngokungafanele. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuthola imbewu akulula kangako, kepha abalimi abaphikelelayo bangayithola futhi basikhulise kalula lesi sitshalo esihle esizeni.
Incazelo yeBotanical
I-Perilla iyi-herbaceous thermophilic perennial. Akubekezeleli ngokuphelele isithwathwa, ngakho-ke, maphakathi neRussia kukhula njengesitshalo sonyaka. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kungama-35-60 cm, kepha ezinye izinhlobo zazo zikhula zibe ngamamitha ayi-1.I-tetrahedral eyi-stem eqondile ayisebenzi.
Amaqabunga amise okwenhliziyo enhle ahlala phezu kwesiqu noma abe nama-petioles amafushane. Bahlukile. Ipuleti leshidi elinemichilo linemiphetho emihle eyenziwe njengamasheya kanye nesiphelo. Umbala wamahlamvu unewayini elibomvu, luhlaza okotshani noma umbala. Ubude bamaqabunga aphansi afinyelela ku-10 cm, angaphezulu aphezulu ngesilinganiso.
Njengoba i-perilla ibaluleke kakhulu ngezici zayo zokuhlobisa namaqabunga, izinhlobo ezinesikhathi eside sokukhula zithandwa kakhulu. Lokho wukuthi, kusuka ekutshaleni kuya kokuqhakaza izimbali zokuqala kungathatha izinyanga ezi-5. Ama-Peduncle akha ifomu ekwindla, kanye nokwehla kwamahora okukhanya kwemini. Izimbali ze-axillary ezincane eziqhakaza phezulu kwesiqu. Zitholakala kuma-panicrate noma e-racemose inflorescence. I-corolla ngayinye ine-peduncle emfushane, enoboya. Izinsimbi ezincane zezimbali zipendwe mhlophe, i-lavender noma onsomi.
Ngemuva kokuvunda, izithelo ezomile zivuthwa. Ngamunye uqukethe amantongomane amancane ama-4. Izithelo ezivuthiwe zivula ngokuzimela, okufaka isandla ekuzitholeni imbewu eningi.
Amabanga wokuhlaselwa
I-Perilla imelelwa izinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela. Ebanzi kakhulu ukunambitheka kwayo ukumiswa kwemifino (Inzungu). Ngaphandle, kufana kakhulu ne-basil, kepha kuyahluka ngamaqabunga amakhulu kanye nembewu ebushelelezi. Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, iphunga nokuqina kwalo kuguquka. Isitshalo singakhipha iphunga likalamusi, usinamoni, i-anise, ipeppermint noma i-basil. Izinhlobo ezidumile:
- Dewdrop - ukumelana nesithwathwa, izinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa kokukhethwa kwasekhaya ngamaqabunga abomvu;
- I-Akashiso - isitshalo esinamaqabunga abomvu nephunga le-pepper;
- I-Mint ebomvu - amaqabunga angwevu onsomi akhipha iphunga leminti, kalamula nesinamoni;
- I-Aoshiso ingumbala oluhlaza onephunga le-anise, upelepele kanye ne-caramel.
I-perilla yi-shrubby (basilic). Isitshalo esikude esingu-80-140 cm sinamaqabunga ama-ovoid wavy onqenqemeni olugxilisiwe. Amahlamvu we-Sedentary atholakala maqondana nobude bonke behlumela. NgoJulayi, i-inflorescence ende eyisikhukhula, embozwe izimbali eziningi ezincane ezinomfanekiso, iyandiswa phezulu kwehlumela. Amahlamvu angadliwa, kepha anephunga eliqinile nelinamandla. Ngokuvamile, izinhlobonhlobo zitshalwa ngenxa yembewu lapho kutholakala khona uwoyela obalulekile.
Izindlela zokuzala
I-Propaganda perilla isatshalaliswa ikakhulukazi ngembewu. Zingahlwanyelwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile noma izithombo ezandulewe. Emhlabathini ovulekile, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngaphambi kobusika noma ngoMashi. Le ndlela ilungele izifunda eziseningizimu, njengoba izithombo zizohluma isikhathi eside futhi zikhule kancane. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele, kutusa ukukhulisa izithombo. Imbewu ifakwe emanzini afudumele ngokufakwa kwe-potanganum permanganate izinsuku ezi-2, bese ihlwanyelwa enhlabathini olunesihlabathi se-peat ukuya ekujuleni kuka-5 mm. Ingaphezulu lomhlabathi liyafafazwa kusuka kusibhamu sokufafaza futhi lambozwa ngefilimu. Gcina izitsha endaweni efudumele.
Amahlumela avela ngemuva kwamaviki angama-2-3. Kufanele zinciphiswe ngezikhathi. Ingaphezulu lomhlaba lifafazwa ngengqimba yesihlabathi. Lapho kuvela amapheshana amabili wangempela ezitshalweni, angatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka maphakathi noMeyi.
NgoSepthemba, ukhipha izimbotshana ze-perilla zisikiwe futhi zagxila enhlabathini ekhanyayo noma evundile. Izimbiza ezinezitshalo zidluliselwa egumbini. Njengesitshalo, i-perilla iyaqhubeka nokukhula futhi ukuqhakaza futhi. Esimweni sezulu esipholile, lena ukuphela kwendlela yokulinda ukuvuthwa kwembewu.
Izici Zokufika
Kunconywa ukulungiselela umhlabathi wokubamba okuzayo ekwindla. Yimbumbe wenze umquba. Umhlabathi kumele ukhululeke futhi uphefumule. I-railing ikhula kahle ngemuva kwamathanga, ubhontshisi nezinye izimbali. Entwasahlobo, ingxenye yemanyolo yamaminerali yengezwa emthonjeni ngamunye. Ungatshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile lapho izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nosuku likungu + 10 ... + 12 ° C. Amabhishi asatshalaliswa endaweni enobude obungama-20-30 cm. Kuyasiza ukufafaza ingaphezulu lomhlabathi ngesihlabathi. Ngokuzayo, lokhu kuzovikela ekuqhakambisweni kwezifo zokukhunta.
Izindawo ezivulekile, ezinelanga zithandwa kakhulu. Ukukhanya kuyadingeka ikakhulukazi ezinhlamvini ezinamahlamvu ahlukahlukene noma abomvu. Kufanelekile ukuthi unakekele ukuvikeleka kokungalungiswa kusengaphambili, ngaphandle kwalokho izitshalo zizoba buthakathaka.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Kulula ukunakekela ukujikijela, kwanele ukuhambisa amanzi ngezikhathi ezithile, ukufaka umquba kanye nokhula imibhede. Ngaphansi kwezitshalo ezincane, umhlaba uyakhululwa kabili ngenyanga. Ukhula luyakhipha njengoba luvela.
Izinga lokushisa elilungile lentuthuko yezitshalo ngu + 18 ... + 27 ° C. I-railing ithatha ukushisa okuhle okulingana kahle, udinga nje ukuyinisela kaningi. Ekwindla, ngesikhathi sokudonsa okubandayo, lesi sitshalo sibuna ngokushesha. Ukuyigcina isikhathi eside, udinga ukufakelwa kwezihlahla ungene endaweni ebamba ukushisa.
I-railing kufanele iniselwe kaningi, izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngesonto. Inhlabathi kumele yomile kuze kufike ekujuleni kuka-3-4 cm. Amanzi aqinile angaholela ekukhuleni kokubola, okuzoshabalalisa ngokushesha konke ukutshala. Kungcono ukunisela izihlahla ngokufafaza. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo, inqubo yenziwa kusihlwa, ukuze ilanga lingashisi amahlamvu ngamaconsi amanzi.
Izitshalo zanyanga zonke zondliwa ngomanyolo we-organic. Ungawusebenzisa umquba wenkukhu noma obolile I-perilla iphendula ekugqokeni okuphezulu ngokukhula okusebenzayo kanye nombala ogqamile wokuhlaza okotshani.
Ukusika kokuqala kwehlumela kwenziwa lapho ukuphakama kwalo kufinyelela ku-10 cm. Sekukonke, isivuno sivunwa kabili phakathi nenkathi yenkathi. Amaqabunga amasha agcinwa esiqandisini izinsuku ezingafika kwezi-7. Ungomile ngokushesha izinto ezingavuthiwe bese ugaya esimweni se-powder. Ukuze iziqu zinikeze izinqubo ezilandelanayo, zinciphise kaningana. Uma i-railing ikhule njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa, akudingekile ukuyinciphisa, kepha kuyadingeka ukusekela izinhlobo eziphezulu. Bangalala phansi kusuka emoyeni noma ngaphansi kwesisindo sabo.
Ngenxa yokuxineka kwamanzi, ukumanzima noma ukubanda, lesi sitshalo siyagula futhi siphulukene nomphumela waso wokuhlobisa. Ingahlushwa i-fusarium, i-verticelosis, nokubona. Ukuze ukhunta ungabhubhisi utshani, kuyadingeka ukulandela imithetho yokuqapha ngokuqinile.
Ukulimazeka kakhulu kubangela ama-scoops, amacimbi kanye nezibungu zesicabucabu. Ukusuka kuma-parasites, ama-insecticides ayelashwa. Uma isiko lisetshenziswa njengokudla, ukukhetha kwesidakamizwa kufanele kusondele ngokunakekelwa okuthile.
Ukuphulukisa izakhiwo
UPerilla ungumholi kokuqukethwe amavithamini A, C, PP, B1 kanye B2. Ungu-antioxidant osebenzayo. Itiye le-pink eliyingqayizivele elivela emaqabungeni e-perilla lisiza ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba, libhekane nokulimala kwekhanda, kanye ne-cholesterol ephansi noshukela wegazi.
Amafutha embewu kaPerilla acebile ngama-linoleic nama-omega-3 acid. Basiza ukuqinisa izindonga zemithambo yegazi, bandise isikhumba nokuqina kwenhliziyo. Ukudla njalo uwoyela kunciphisa izinga lama-allergener egazini, futhi kuthuthukisa nesimo sezipikili nezinwele. Emithini esempumalanga, ufulawa wotshani neoyile nakho kusetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukubanda, i-bronchitis kanye ne-asthma.
Emkhakheni wezimonyo, amalungiselelo wezandla asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izimonyo zezingane. Banemiphumela ye-hypoallergenic, anti-inflammatory kanye ne-disinfecting. Kukhona imigqa eminingana yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba esiyinkinga.
I-Perilla ekuphekeni
Amaqabunga e-perilla anamafutha asetshenziselwa ukwenza amasaladi. Izinhlobo eziluhlaza zinencasa entsha, enambitha ulamula. Bahlangana kangcono nezinhlanzi nezinhlanzi zasolwandle. Amacembe abomvu akhipha iphunga elimnandi, elimnandi. Amaqabunga aphelele adliwa asha noma aqotshwe. Imifino eyomile yengezwa kuma-marinade enhlanzi kanye nenyama. Lokhu kuthosa kuhle kumasobho nezitsha eziphambili. Udinga ukuyifaka kancane. Amaqabunga abomvu avame ukungezwa ku-ukhukhamba. Ngemuva kwalokho isidlo siba hhayi iphunga elimnandi kuphela, kodwa futhi sithola umbala omuhle opinki.
Amafutha ama-Aromatic ubuchwepheshe, kepha ngemuva kokucutshungulwa angasetshenziswa njengokudla. Kusetshenziswa embonini ye-confectionery, engeza ekugcwalisweni kwamaswidi. Ikhekhe ngemuva kokuthambisa uwoyela iya ekudleni kwezilwane.
Utshani engadini
I-Bright railing isetshenziswa ngentshiseko ekwakhiweni kwengadi. Ukutshala kweqembu kwecebo elingaphambili noma eliphakathi nendawo kwenza ama-flowerbeds abe nenhle ngokwengeziwe. Ungenza ukwakheka kwezinhlobonhlobo ngemibala ehlukene yamaqabunga noma usebenzise ukwakheka kwe-monotypic. I-railing ku-mixborder kanye nezaphulelo kubukeka kukuhle. Ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukutshala ngomnotho isivuno semifino futhi uyihlobise indawo.
Ungabeka ukujikijela kuzihloko zezimbali ezime kuvulandi noma ithala. Amaqabunga aqhakazile ayohlobisa igumbi futhi aligcwalise ngephunga elimnandi. Omakhelwane abahle besitshalo yi-sanvitalia noma isihlahla seqhwa. I-railing ibukeka kahle eduze nezihlahlana ezihlanganayo noma ezihlayo.
