Indodakazikazi engavamile ayifuni ukuba nemifino esisha njalo. Futhi uma izimbali zasendlini - into ejwayelekile, i-dill ne-lettuce efasiteleni ayitholakali ngokuvamile endlini ejwayelekile. Noma kunjalo, kunezobuchwepheshe ezikuvumela ukuba ukhule kalula nje kuphela, kodwa nezitshalo eziwusizo. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa nge-hydroponics - indlela yokutshala imifino ekhaya.
Imifino emisha noma nini yonyaka
I-Hydroponics iyindlela endala, nakuba ingaziwa kahle, engenamhlabathi. Igama ngokwalo likhuluma mayelana nalokho okushiwo yindlela: okuhunyushwe kusuka esiGriki, kusho "isisombululo sokusebenza".
Uyazi? Esinye sezimangaliso eziyisikhombisa, amadumela aseHanging awaziwayo eBabiloni - isicelo sokuqala se-hydroponics.Uma ikhulile ngokwemvelo, izimpande zesitshalo zingaphansi kwe-substrate eqinile ehambisanayo yemvelaphi ephilayo noma yokufakelwa. Zonke izakhi eziluhlaza ziphuza isisombululo, lapho isitsha sigxiliwe ne-substrate. Kuhlobo ngalunye lwesitshalo kukhona isixazululo esihlukile nesethi edingekayo yamabhethri.
Okudingayo ngemifino ekhulayo
Ukuze ukhule i-dill nezinye izitshalo ngokwemvelo, kubalulekile ukulungisa zonke izingxenye zobuchwepheshe. Iqukethe izakhi ezimbili.
Zazi ngokwakho nge-nuances yamakhukhamba akhula, utamatisi, ama-strawberries usebenzisa i-hydroponics.
Ukufakwa
Ukufakwa kwe-Hydroponic kuhlanganisa iziqukathi zokutshala nokuhlinzekwa kwesisombululo se-nutrient system. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokufaka okunjalo, okulungiselelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni noma ngabanye. 
Imishini yokulima i-hydroponic ingathengwa noma ihlanganiswe ngesandla. Uma kunqunywe ukwenza ukwakhiwa ngokuzimela, uzodinga isitsha esiphindwe kabili (amathangi amabili ahlukile angayithatha indawo), ithangi lamanzi, ipayipi, ipompo ye-aquarium kanye ne-timer ezolawula lonke uhlelo lokusebenza. Le mininingwane izakwanela ukusetha ukutshala kwamahlathi endaweni yokuvotela; kusadingeka silondoloze izinga lokushisa elikhulu nokukhanyisa.
Uyazi? Ukuthuthukiswa komqondo we-hydroponics sekuye kwaba yizinto eziphilayo, lapho izimpande zezitshalo zikhona emoyeni futhi ngezikhathi ezithile zivotelwa yi-substrate. Amanzi ngokuqondile ngqo ezimpandeni azinikezwa.Uma kungekho isifiso noma ithuba lokuhlangana isitshalo se-hydroponic ukuze ukhule imifino uqobo, ungayithenga ngokuyala nge-intanethi. Isimiso sokusebenza kwezinhlelo zefektri sinye, ngaphandle kokuthi ukuthengwa kuzobukeka kucacile futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
Isixazululo kanye ne-Substrate
Lapho isitshalo esikhulayo sesilungile, sisalokhu sinakekele isixazululo bese sisekela phansi. I-substrate egcwalisa izimbiza nezitshalo isebenza ukusekela izimpande. Yena ngokwakhe uyinyumba, okungukuthi, ayinakho izakhi. Kubalulekile ukuthi i-substrate ayibonakaliswe kumswakama kanye namakhemikhali aqhekekile emanzini. 
Isixazululo ngokuvamile sithengwa ezitolo zokulima. Lokhu kungoketshezi olulungile oluqukethe zonke izakhi zokulandelela ezidingekayo zokukhula nokuthuthukiswa kohlobo oluthile lwamahlathi. Njengoba isitshalo ngasinye sidinga isikhala somuntu ngamunye, ukwakhiwa kwesisombululo sezinhlobo ezahlukene kuzohluka.
Ilungiselela ukufika
Ngaphambi kokufika kuyadingeka ukunquma indawo lapho ukufakwa kwe-hydroponic kuyobe khona khona. Njengomthetho, i-sill iwindi noma i-balcony. Ngaphezu kokudla (okuyinto enikezwa uhlelo), izitshalo zidinga ukukhanya okwanele nokushisa okuhlala njalo, okunethezeka kokukhula. Lezi zici kufanele zicatshangelwe.
Ukukhetha okuyisisekelo
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, i-substrates ihlukaniswe ibe yizinto eziphilayo nezokufakelwa. Impahla eyinhloko yimuphi wabo - ukumelana nomthelela oqhubekayo wamanzi nezici zamakhemikhali. Futhi akufanele bakhululwe noma yiziphi izinto, njengoba izakhi zezitshalo zibalwe kusengaphambili. Nazi ezinye ze-substrates ezivame kakhulu:
- ubumba obwandisiwe - Lawa yizicucu zobumba, zigciniwe ngaphansi kwethempelini ye-1200 ° C. Azikho amaminerali kuwo, kodwa ubumba obunwetshiwe lunganciphisa i-pH yesisombululo. Lolu hlobo lwe-substrate lufanelekile ukusetshenziswa okusetshenziselwa ukuvuselelwa, udinga nje ukuwahlanza kusukela ekugcineni kwekhambi bese uhlanza izimpande. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa kuqala, i-claydite nayo igezwa ngamanzi agijima ukuze igweme ukungcola;
- uboya obunamaminerali - enye yezingxenye ezishibhile futhi ezisebenzayo ze-hydroponics. Noma kunjalo, inezinkinga zayo. Ukusebenza ngobuningi bamaminerali kudinga ukuqapha, njengoba kuqukethe ama-microparticles ezicasula isikhumba. Kubalulekile ukwesaba ukushaywa kwalesi sici emehlweni nasezindiza. I-substrate ye-biodegradable, futhi ukulahlwa okufanele kwe-uboya wamaminerali kungabangela ubunzima;
- i-coconut substrate. Ekubunjweni kwayo - igobolondo lekakhukhunathi neyomhlaba, ngakho-ke kuphephile ngokuphelele imvelo. Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kungathululelwa emibhedeni njengomanyolo. Njengokwesekwa kwezitshalo kwi-hydroponics, kubhekwa njengenye yezinto ezihamba phambili, ngoba zingagcina amaminerali futhi ziwondle isikhathi eside. Iphinde igcine amanzi kahle futhi inikeza ukufinyelela kwe-oxygen ezimpandeni;
- i-vermiculite ne-perlite. Lezi substrates ezimbili zinconywa ukuba zisetshenziswe ndawonye, njengoba zinezakhiwo ezihambisanayo. I-Vermiculite yenza ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi kukhululeke futhi kuthatha amanzi amaningi. I-Perlite iyagcwalisa, le substrate yemvelaphi yomsakazo igcina nokugcina umswakama ngokuphelele futhi ayihlangani nama-fertilizer amakhemikhali.
Kubalulekile! I-substrate kufanele iphathe kahle hhayi amanzi kuphela, kodwa futhi nomoya. Ukuphuza kuyadingeka ukuze izimpande zibe nemisebenzi ebalulekile.
Imbewu yokutshala
Njengomthetho, i-hydroponics idinga ukuhluma kokuqala kwembewu. Imbewu ihluma enhlabathini noma i-analog yayo (isibonelo, in peat), ukuchelela kusengaphambili ngesisombululo esilungisiwe. Uma isithombo sinamaqabunga owodwa noma amabili eqinisweni, kusho ukuthi uhlelo lwempande seluvele luthuthukile. Lesi sitshalo sizodlulisela ukutshala endaweni yokugcwalisa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa. 
Ukuze ukufakelwa kwezitshalo, umquba okhulile ususwe ebhodweni kanye nomhlabathi futhi izimpande zihlanjwe kahle. Khona-ke, ubambe isitshalo, ulale phansi izimpande system substrate. 
Kubalulekile ukutshala ngokujulile kangangokuthi esikhathini esizayo izimpande azithinti isixazululo - umswakama kanye nezondlo ziyophakama ngokusebenzisa ama-pores of filler ngokwanele. 
Kubalulekile! Masinyane emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo, amanzi alula athululelwa ku-tank yesisombululo. Iviki elilodwa kuphela kamuva liyisisombululo lapho isitshalo sishintsha.Ezinye izinhlelo ze-hydroponic zanamuhla zenza kube lula ukuhambisa nokufakelwa nokuhlwanyela imbewu ngokushesha esihlahleni. Kodwa amathuba anjalo awahlinzekiwa yibo bonke abakhiqizi bemishini.
Ukulungiselela ikhambi
Isixazululo silungiswa ngokuvumelana nezincomo zomkhiqizi, ngokubona umthamo oqondile. Ukuze ukhule i-lettuce neminye imifino e-hydroponics ekhaya, ithatha ukuhlushwa kwe-1.25 ngaphezu kwesilinganiso. Isixazululo sinomanyolo obunzima kanye ne-calcium nitrate. Ukuze uphenyo olunembile lomanyolo, ungasebenzisa isirinji yezokwelapha. Inani elidingekayo lihlanjululwa ku 1 litre lamanzi. I-nitrate ye-calcium ihlanjululwa emgodini we-25% wamanzi athambile (250 g yemithi ngayinye ngamanzi 1 l amanzi). Lezi yizici ezimbili eziyisisekelo zesisombululo esivamile.
Funda izimfihlo zezitshalo ezikhulayo, ezinomsoco, ze-rosemary, ze-basil, ze-cilantro, ze-chervil, u-anyanisi oluhlaza, i-parsley, i-arugula efasiteleni.
Okuyingqayizivele yokunakekela imifino kuma hydroponics
Izinkinga ezinkulu kanye nokukhathazeka kwabanikazi bama-hydroponic izinhlelo zizogcina izimo zangaphandle zokukhula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufakwa ngokwayo kudinga ukunakekelwa. 
Nazi izidingo eziyisisekelo:
- Isixazululo somsoco kufanele sithathwe indawo zonke izinyanga ezintathu. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukugwema izinguquko ekujuleni kwemithi yamaminerali ngaphansi kwethonya lezici zangaphandle;
- Ungavumeli izinto zangaphandle ukuba zifake isisombululo. Lokhu kusebenza nasezingxenyeni zezitshalo ezifile - zidinga ukuhlanzwa ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi;
- ukushisa kwamanzi okungcono kufanele kugcinwe (20 ° C). Uma ukufakwa kusefestile efudumele, kunconywa ukwakha i-stand noma itayitela yalo.
I-Hydroponics iyindlela enokwethenjelwa yokutshala imifino ekhaya, ingadingi imizamo eminingi futhi isiqinisekisile phakathi kwabalimi be-amateur.
