I-Dieffenbachia ekhaya, ukunakekelwa nokukhiqizwa kabusha, isithombe

I-Dieffenbachia (I-Dieffenbachia) Umuthi ongapheli owomdabu waseNingizimu Melika. Ekhaya, iyakwazi ukufinyelela imitha eyi-1 ngenxa yesilinganiso sokukhula okumangalisayo: ifinyelela ku-40 cm ngonyaka. I-Dieffenbachia ihlala isikhathi eside, kepha idinga ukuvuselelwa nokunakekelwa okujwayelekile. Lesi sitshalo siyaqhakaza, kodwa kuyaqabukela. Izimbali ziyi-cob eneyili futhi ayithwali inani elikhethekile. Amaqabunga awo abukeka emuhle kakhulu - omkhulu, oluhlaza okotshani, ombozwe kakhulu ngamabala akhanyayo.

I-Dieffenbachia idume kakhulu eRussia njengemplant ekhanyayo yendlu. Akugcini nje ngokuhlobisa ingaphakathi lendlu, ihhovisi nesikole, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa umkhathi osegumbini ngenxa yezakhiwo eziwusizo.

Izinzuzo ze-dieffenbachia

I-Dieffenbachia inezakhiwo eziningi eziwusizo, zayo ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni wonke.

• Amaqabunga ayo amakhulu aqongelela umswakama, okhipha umhwamuko, onisa umoya egumbini. Abantu abangaphakathi kulesi sitshalo bawuzwa umthelela: kuba lula ukuphefumula nomoya usha, kungathi kusemgwaqweni.
• Amaqabunga akhipha izinto ezivele zisebenza emzimbeni ziyisimo sezulu esibucayi emoyeni, ezinciphisa umsebenzi wamagciwane ayingozi. Kungakho i-Dieffenbachia itholakala ezibhedlela nasemitholampilo. I-Phytoncides futhi ibhubhisa i-compounds ye-benzene, i-formaldehyde nezinye izinto eziyingozi.

Nakekela i-dieffenbachia ekhaya. Kafushane

I-Dieffenbachia ekhaya idinga ukunakwa nokunakekelwa. Kuyadingeka ukuyinikeza ngezimo ezifanele zokukhula, ukuze igculise umkhathi ngezinto eziwusizo nomswakama ovela emaqabungeni awo.

Isitshalo sidinga imibandela elandelayo:

Nakekela i-dieffenbachia ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

I-Thermophilic kakhulu ne-hygrophilous ye-Dieffenbachia: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kufanele kucabangele lezi zici.

Ukuthenga i-Dieffenbachia

Esigabeni sokukhetha i-dieffenbachia esitolo, kufanele uyicabangele ngokucophelela, unaka lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

• Izeluleko zeqabunga elomile: isitshalo singenamandla, asitholi umswakama owanele.
• Ukukhanya kancane ngaphansi kwamaqabunga: lokhu kuwuphawu lwe-mealybug.
• Amacwecwe ansundu esiqwini: lokhu kunguphawu lokuba khona kwesibazi.
• Amacembe abolile, yize inhlabathi imanzi impela: ukuthambisa ngokweqile kuholele ekuwohlwini kohlelo lwezimpande.

Isikhathi esihle sokuthenga i-Dieffenbachia kusentwasahlobo nasehlobo.

I-Dieffenbachia ngemuva kokuthenga

Musa ukunisela ngokushesha lesi sitshalo, bese usifaka kufasiteleni ekhanyisiwe. Ukushintshwa kwendawo enjalo kungashaqisa lesi sitshalo, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuyibeka endaweni engakhanyi kangako isonto, futhi ungayiniseli amanzi noma uyondle, ngoba ithole ukudla okwanele esitolo.

Uma imbiza lapho i-Dieffenbachia itholakala incane kakhulu, idinga ukufakelwa kwelinye libe yindawo ebanzi kakhudlwana. Kungemva kweviki kuphela lapho amaqabunga angafafazwa ngesisombululo somanyolo, futhi ngemuva kwenyanga ukugqokwa kwempande yokuqala kungenziwa.

I-dieffenbachia yezimbali

Ekhaya, lesi sitshalo sithokozisa umnikazi ngokuqhakaza ngezimbali kuyaqabukela. Imvamisa kuyizinsuku ezimbalwa ngo-Ephreli noma ngoMeyi. Imbali ibukeka njengekhwebu, embozwe ngesembozo esiluhlaza okotshani. I-dieffenbachia yezimbali ayiwona umgomo womhlwanyeli, kunalokho, kunconywa ukunquma imbali, ngoba kwenza buthaka isitshalo. Iphunga lembali nalo alikhangi, mhlawumbe lesi sitshalo kuzodingeka ukuthi sikhishwe ngaphandle kwegumbi ngesikhathi sezimbali.

Kodwa-ke, abanye abalandeli be-Dieffenbachia baphupha ukubona imbali yakhe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele ubeke lesi sitshalo ezimweni ezinzima, ngoba siqhuma kuphela ngemuva kwengcindezi. Isibonelo, ungamisa okwesikhashana ukunika isitshalo umswakama nokufaka umquba. Lapho amaqabunga esag, i-dieffenbachia kufanele ibekwe esitsheni esinamanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho uzophila akhombise ukuqhuma.

Imodi yokushisa

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi u-Dieffenbachia uthanda kakhulu ukushisa futhi uyawazonda amaqhwa, ngakho-ke umbuso wokushisa kufanele umkhumbuze ngeNingizimu Melika, lapho avela khona. Izinga lokushisa lasehlobo lilungile kusuka ku-+20⁰Kusuka ku- +26⁰C, futhi ebusika ungakwehlisa kancane, kuya ku- +18⁰C.

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-Dieffenbachia zithinteka kakhulu ngalo mqondo, zingagula "noma zigule" noma kube nezinguquko ezincane zokushisa.

Ukufafaza

Fafaza isitshalo ngamanzi acacile noma ngesisombululo ngamanyolo. Lesi senzo kumele siqale ngesonto lokuhlukaniswa abantu, futhi siqhubeke njalo kukho konke impilo ye-Dieffenbachia.

Ehlobo, i-hydration yalolu hlobo iyanconywa ukuba yenziwe nsuku zonke, noma izikhathi ezi-2 ngesonto. Ebusika - kaningi kakhulu. Ukufafaza kaningi ebusika emazingeni okushisa aphansi kungaholela ekubumbeni kwesiqu nokuwa kwamaqabunga.

Impilo enethezekile, isitshalo sidinga umoya omanzi owanele, ongatholwa ngokubeka indwangu emanzi ebhethri noma ngokubeka isitsha samanzi esivulekile eduze kwembiza.

Isibani

Yize i-Dieffenbachia ingaba semthunzini oyingxenye, ukukhanya okukhanyayo kunikeza induduzo ephezulu. Ehlobo, udinga ukuvikela isitshalo elangeni eliqondile, ngokwesibonelo, usivikele ngesihenqo. Ebusika, ukukhanya kwemvelo okuqondile kuvunyelwe, futhi ukukhanya okwengeziwe kunganikezwa kusetshenziswa amalambu we-fluorescent. Akufanele zibekwe eduze kwesitshalo, ngaphandle kwalokho ukushisa kungavela emaqabungeni.

Isimbali se-Dieffenbachia ekhaya siphendula ukushoda kokukhanyisa kanjena:

• ukukhula kuncipha;
• isiqu sinwetshiwe;
• amaqabunga awenzi i-motley, kodwa aluhlaza;
• amaqabunga aphansi omile futhi awe.

Ngokukhanyisa ngokweqile ku-Dieffenbachia, ungabona izimpawu ezilandelayo:

• amahlamvu aphenduka aphuzi, bese alahlekelwa umbala wawo;
• kushiya droop, ukugoqa nokuwa;
• amabala ansundu noma ampunga ayabonakala ebusweni bamaqabunga - lokhu kuyasha.

Ukunisela

Noma isitshalo sithanda umswakama, ukuchelela kufanele kube ngokulinganiselayo, ngaphandle kwalokho amanzi ngokweqile azobangela ukubola kwezimpande. Kubalulekile ukuthi inhlabathi yomile kancane phakathi kokunisela, ukuze isimo sayo silingane phakathi komile nokumanzi. Ungahlola isimo somhlabathi ngokwehlisa umunwe wakho kuwo. Uma inhlabathi inomswakama ekujuleni kuka-1 cm, khona-ke ukuthambisa akusadingeki.

Ukuqinisekisa le esele, imbiza enomgodi wokudonsa amanzi ifanele futhi inhlabathi ye-peat ayifaneleki, ngoba umswakama uyama kuwo. Ilungele ukuchelela, amanzi okushisa egumbi lokushisa.

Ebusika, isitshalo sidinga ukuthambisa kancane kunasehlobo, noma kunjalo, uma itholakala egumbini elinokushisa okunamandla, khona-ke umbuso wokunisela ehlobo uyagcinwa.

Imbiza ye-Dieffenbachia

Ukwenza isitshalo sithokomele, udinga ukukhetha imbiza efanelekayo ye-dieffenbachia. Ubukhulu bawo akufanele budlule kakhulu usayizi wohlelo lwezimpande, uma kungenjalo ukuzuma okulimazayo komswakama kuzokwenzeka emhlabathini ongafakwanga.

Imbiza kufanele ithengwe ngemgodi yokudonsa, futhi amanzi ngokwawo kufanele abe nezinsimbi noma aqhakaze ubumba oluphakeme ngo-3-5 cm. Njengoba i-Dieffenbachia ihlala ikhula, udinga ukuvuselela amabhodwe kuyo njalo ngonyaka.

Inhlabathi ye-dieffenbachia

Umhlabathi we-Dieffenbachia kumele ukhulule futhi ngasikhathi sinye, ukuze umoya ungadlula ngokukhululeka, kepha izimpande ezinamandla zesitshalo ziboshwe ngokuqinile ebhodweni. Kunconywa ingxube eklanyelwe lolu hlobo lwesitshalo kuphela.

Ungalungisa futhi inhlabathi ye-Dieffenbachia ngokwakho ngokuxuba inhlabathi yephepha, isihlabathi kanye ne-humus.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Ukusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba, lesi sitshalo sikhula ngenkuthalo, ngakho-ke, kulezi zinyanga zidinga ikakhulukazi ukugqokwa phezulu nomanyolo. Isitshalo siphendula ngokuntuleka kwezakhi ezinezifo, amaqabunga awayo. Kunconywa uhlobo olunomanyolo lomanyolo.

Ekwindla, ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa kakhulu kuyaqabukela (isikhathi esingu-1 ngenyanga), futhi ebusika kumisa ngokuphelele.

Uhlobo lomhlabathi lunquma ubukhulu bokugqoka okuphezulu. Inhlabathi ekhethekile enamaminerali iyakwazi ukondla ngokuzimela isitshalo ngaphandle komanyolo owengeziwe izinyanga eziyisithupha.

I-dieffenbachia yokufakelwa

Ukufakelwa kokuqala kwe-Dieffenbachia kwenziwa emasontweni ambalwa ngemuva kokuthenga. Ngemuva kwalokho lesi senzo senziwa minyaka yonke kuze kube yilapho isitshalo sisencane futhi sikhula ngokushesha. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, lapho lo mmeleli wezimbali esevuthwe ngokwanele, ukufakelwa kwenziwa njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-4.

Ukuthola ukuthi isikhathi sesifikile sokufakelwa, udinga ukukhipha isitshalo epanini kanye nenhlama yomhlaba. Uma izimpande zihlanganiswa ngokuqinile kuwo wonke umhlabathi, khona-ke i-Dieffenbachia idinga ukufakelwa.

Njengoba lokhu kungukuhlukumezeka kwesitshalo, kufanele kuzizwe kuhle. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uhlole ngokucophelela isiqu saso namaqabunga: ukuthi ngabe kukhona amabala, izilokazane nezinye izinkinga.

Ukufakwa kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

1. Isitshalo sikhishwa ebhodweni.
2. Inhlabathi endala iyaqothuka.
3. Izimpande ezibolile nezonakele ziyasuswa.
4. Isitshalo sibekwa embizeni entsha enenhlabathi elungiselelwe.
5. Ama-voids aphumela obala agcwele inhlabathi.
6. Ukujula kancane kwesiqu kuvunyelwe.

Masinyane ngemuva kokufakelwa, i-dieffenbachia kufanele iniselwe kakhulu, kepha hhayi ukuvundiswa.

Izihlahla

I-Dieffenbachia ekhaya ibonakala ngokukhula okusheshayo, okungewona wonke umthandi wezitshalo ongabhekana nakho. Kwesinye isikhathi baphendukela ekuthengeni, kepha abanini abaningi bayamelana nakho. Kodwa ngisho nabaphikisi besimo sengqondo esinjalo kufanele banciphise imiphetho emnyama yamaqabunga.

Lokhu kuwukubonakaliswa kokunisela okunganele lapho inhlabathi isomile kakhulu, ngakho-ke izihlahla akusona isixazululo senkinga, kodwa kuphela ukuqedwa kokungapheleli.

Uma useholidini

Ikhaya Dieffenbachia lidinga ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo nokunisela okuvamile, ngakho-ke, ngeke ame yedwa isikhathi eside. Ukuya eholidini, unganikeza lesi sitshalo ngezimo ezifanele ngokusibeka etrayini ngodaka olunwebekile olumanzi. Izingcezu ezizungeze ithangi eligcwele amanzi zizogcwalisa umoya umswakama. Isakhiwo sonke kufanele sibe kude nefasitela, kepha hhayi ebumnyameni ngokuphelele.

Ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ngokulingana, i-Dieffenbachia izokwazi ukubekezelela ukuhlukana nenkosi yayo isonto elilodwa.

Ukusakazeka kwe-dieffenbachia ngokusika

Lesi sitshalo sinamandla aphezulu okusakaza ngezinsika. Kwanele ukubeka isiqu se-apical emanzini, njengoba ngemuva kwesikhashana kuzonika izimpande. Kodwa-ke, lo mthetho awusebenzi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zalesi sitshalo. Kukhona lezo okunzima kakhulu ukwenza amasistimu wesimungumungwane kusuka kokusikwa, okungenzeka kungakhuli ngemuva kokutshala.

Ngemiphumela emihle kakhulu, kunconyelwa ukomisa udoti ngemuva kokuthenwa, bese usibeka esitsheni se-opaque esinamanzi, lapho amaphilisi ama-2 e-carbon ocushiwe ancibilika. Isitsha kufanele sibe semthunzini, futhi amanzi akuso kufanele aguqulwe njalo: zonke izinsuku noma zonke izinsuku ezi-2.

Ukuphinda kukhiqizwe izingxenye zezindevu sekuvele kwenziwa enhlabathini, lapho kubekwa khona isilayidi. Ungasimbozi ngesikhwama ngaphezulu, njengoba abatshali bezimbali abaningi benza. Kwanele ukufafaza ukuze kunikeze umswakama owanele.

Ukuqala kwe-seedling kuvame ukwenzeka ngemuva kwamaviki amathathu noma amane.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Lapho unakekela isitshalo, umlimi wezimbali angahlangabezana nezinkinga ezilandelayo:

• Amacembe aphansi e-dieffenbachia ajika aphuzi - Lokhu kuwuphawu lomswakama ngokweqile enhlabathini nokudonsa okwanele kwamanzi.
• Amahlamvu aphansi ayawa - Ubufakazi bomswakama onganele womhlaba noma izinga lokushisa lomoya eliphansi kakhulu.
• Amaqabunga e-Dieffenbachia aphenduka aphuzi futhi abe yiphafu - lokhu kusikisela ukuthi isitshalo sibanda, sihlushwa okusalungiswa.
• Isiqu rots - Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuthambisa ngokweqile kwenziwa kumakhaza.
• Imiphetho yamaqabunga ansundu dieffenbachia- amanzi aniselwa yisitshalo anzima kakhulu.
• Amacembe amancane phezulu - isitshalo asinalo ilanga elanele, kudingeka siphinde sihlelwe kwenye indawo.
• I-Dieffenbachia ishiya ishabalale - Lokhu kungenye isibonakaliso somswakama ngokweqile ngokuhambisana nokushisa okuphansi.
• Amabala amanzi emaqabunga - Lokhu kukhombisa izinkinga eziningi, kufaka phakathi i-blight sekwephuzile, i-anthracnose noma i-fusairum.
• Izindawo eziphuzi kumaqabunga dieffenbachia- uphawu lokubonwa kwamagciwane.
• Amahlamvu abukeka eshisiwe, aphenduka ansundu - isibonakaliso sokuthi umnikazi wenezela kakhulu umanyolo enhlabathini.

Ngaphezu kwezifo, izinambuzane zingacasukela isitshalo:

• ama-aphid;
• isihlangu esikalini;
• isihlangu esingamanga;
• isicabucabu esibomvu;
• thrips.

Izinhlobo ze-Dieffenbachia ekhaya ezinezithombe namagama

Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-40 Izinhlobo ze-dieffenbachia. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu yilezi ezilandelayo:

I-Leopold: Lesi sitshalo sibonisa ngokukhula okuphansi kanye namaqabunga amahle, ukubukeka kwawo kufana ne-ellipse. Lolu hlobo lukwesaba ngokukhethekile okusalungiswa nokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile.

Kuchithiwe: isitshalo esine-stem enamandla, isisekelo saso siba lukhuni lapho sikhula. Isigqoko esikhulu samaqabunga silingana ngobukhulu nangombala. Amaqabunga kukhona okusaqanda, umkhawulo wawo wangaphandle ukhonjisiwe. Umbala wazo oyinhloko uluhlaza, amabala amhlophe.

ICamilla: endle, lolu hlobo luyakwazi ukufinyelela kumamitha amabili. Inesiqu esinamandla, amaqabunga amade anomngcele oluhlaza nendawo ephakathi emhlophe. Ekhaya alikubekezeleli ukukhanya kwelanga okukhanyayo nohlaka, kudinga ukushisa komoya okuphezulu.

I-Seguin: amaqabunga alesi sitshalo abumbeke okweqanda, ahlotshiswe ngamabala nemikhanyo eminingana ekhanyayo.

I-Dieffenbachia isitshalo sasekhaya esidumile esihlobisa ingaphakathi futhi sigcwalise umoya ngezinto ezinempilo.