Yonke insimu ingafisa ukuthi izihlahla zenzalo yakhe minyaka yonke zijabulele izitshalo ezicebile futhi eziphakeme, zingalokothi zigugile, nanoma yiziphi izinhlobo ezihehayo kalula futhi ziqine ngokushesha. Ukufaka zonke lezi amaphupho kuyinto yangempela uma uchwepheshe we-grafting izitshalo zezithelo. Sizoqonda ama-nuances ale bhizinisi eliyinkimbinkimbi futhi elithakazelisayo.
Quince
Umthetho oyinhloko wabalimi - ukufaka izinto ezifanayo. Kulesi simo, umphumela ophumelelayo uqinisekisiwe, ngoba imishanguzo ye-intraspecific ivame ukukhula ndawonye kalula futhi izithele izithelo kahle.
Kubalulekile! Izinkinga ezinzima kunazo zonke, kodwa ezingokoqobo, ezithintekayo. Isibonelo, kunokwenzeka ukuthi sikhule ipayipi ngenqwaba, nakuba izwakala njengesiqeshana esivela ochungechungeni lwamafantasy. Kodwa inhlanganisela enjalo ihlala isikhathi esifushane. Isizathu - ngokungafani nokuthuthukiswa kwezinkuni ze-wood and scion. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo mgomo uphenduka ube yidokodo elikhuni elingenakubekezelela umlenze omncane.
Umphumela oyifunayo ungatholakali nje ngokuwela i-quince ye-varietal neyendle, kodwa futhi kutholakala emaceleni e-interspecific specimens. Abalimi bamuva sebelokhu bezama ngokuphindaphindiwe, batshale ikhasi eliphakathi kwe-quince.
Le nhlanganisela yezici ezikhethekile ezithandekayo zezithelo ezithandwa kakhulu. Ukufeza lokhu uma ukhula ndawonye nehlane cishe akunakwenzeka.
Ochwepheshe bagcizelela ukuthi i-quince ezimweni eziningi isetshenziswa njengesitoko samapheya nama-apula - izitshalo lapho kukhonjiswa khona. 
Lokhu kuhlukahluka kakhulu ukuhlanganiswa kwe-intervarietal kanye ne-interspecific, ngoba lesi sihlahla sinikeza ukudla okunomsoco okuhlelekile, okusho ukuthi, kufaka phakathi izakhi zokulandelela eziwusizo ngokushesha futhi kwakha isivuno esihle.
Kodwa ihlumela le-quince elikhulayo eliphakathi kwe-pear, i-apula, i-hawthorn ayinakwenzeka. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokweqile nakakhulu phakathi kwabachwepheshe.
I-Cherry plum
Ukukhethwa okungaqondakali ukuwela kwezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zeplamu. Kodwa ngenxa yezilinganiso eziningi, izitshalo zezitshalo zafakazela lokho I-cherry plum yisona esingcono kakhulu sezithelo eziningi zamatshe.
Kubalulekile! Imishanguzo yenziwa kahle ngo-4Izitshalo ezineminyaka engu -5 ubudala, njengomuthi omncane kakhulu, umuthi ongenakuthuthukiswa awukakulungeli ukukhula ndawonye, futhi izibonelo ezindala sezivele zakha ngokwaneleAlice ngalokhu. Omdala isitokisi, kunzima nakakhulu ukufeza umphumela.
Izizathu zokuthandwa kwamapulazi esitokisini ziyi:
- izinga eliphezulu lokusinda kwezicutheni;
- umkhiqizo owandayo we-graft ezayo;
- ukunambitheka okuthuthukisiwe nezinhlamvu ezinkulu zezithelo;
- ukwanda kwesomiso nokumelana nesithwathwa;
- ukutholakala kwemali encane yokukhula kwezimpande.
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bakhulume kahle ngama-apricot, ama-cherry, ama-plums kanye nama-peaches abanjwe kwi-cherry plum. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, baqaphele ukuphumelela kwenhlanganisela yokugcina kuphela ezindaweni ezifudumele, lapho kungekho khona ubusika obunzima.Futhi wabuye weluleke ukusebenzisa ukugoma izinhlobo eziningana zasendle ze-cherry plum.
Kungenzeka ube nesithakazelo sokufunda ngokuxhunyelelwa kwe-apula, amagilebhisi namapheya.
I-Plum
Njengoba seba nesithakazelo engadini ephakeme, abathandi abaningi bokuhlola bahlanganisa ukungavumelani futhi, nakanjani, badumala ebhizinisini eliqalisiwe.
Ukuze singadabuki ngokuchitha isikhathi, sabuza ochwepheshe ukuthi yini engatshalwa iplamu.
Enye yezindawo ezincane kakhulu zensimu yezwe, sacekwa ukuba sikhulume ama-cherries nama-peaches kulesi sitshalo. 
Futhi uma ufuna ukuthola okuthile okuthakazelisayo kusuka ku-plum varietal, kungcono ukwenza i-inoculation phezu kwezithombo ze-cherry plum, isitshalo esikhulu, isithole esikhulu. Into enhle kakhulu yokudla okunomsoco yokuhlunga yi-stock VVA-1, i-Eurasia 43, i-SVG-11-19.
Kubalulekile! Kungcono ukuhlela ukuhlanganiswa kwezithelo izitshalo entwasahlobo, lapho isikhathi sokutshala kwemvelo siqala futhi ukusabalalisa kokushisa emithini kunamandla kakhulu. Izivivinyo zasehlobo zivame ukwehluleka ngenxa yokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, futhi ukuhlolwa kwekwindla kungenxa yamaqhwa okuqala.
Izinhlobonhlobo zamapulangwe ezinamapulangwe zihlanganisiwe kahle, ezibhekene nokukhuthazela okwandayo emakhazeni. 
Ngaphandle kwalokho, umangazwa umbuzo othi "Kungenzeka yini ukutshala i-apricot ngeplamu?". Lena indlela elula futhi ephumelelayo kakhulu yokuthola into entsha ensimini.
Ochwepheshe batusa le nhlanganisela lapho isayithi lixubile kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ukuhambisana kahle kwamafayili, okubonakala ngokungabikho kokukhula esihlahleni.
I-apricot
Nge-apricot, isitoko esikhulu siphendulela, ipula noma i-cherry plum. Ngezinye izikhathi izihlahla zikhula ngokuphumelelayo kwi-cherry yesihlabathi, kodwa lesi sihlahla sidinga ulwazi oluthile namakhono avela kumgadi wensimu.
Ngokuphathelene nokuhluka kwalokho okungahlanganiswa kuma-apricot, ochwepheshe abayincoma ukuthi bahlanganiswe ngezithelo zetshe. Iqiniso liwukuthi isitokwe esinjalo cishe yonke imingcele yinto engalungile. 
I-Peach
Kunzima kakhulu ukuthola i-peach kusuka iplamu. Emiphambeni ehlukene, abalimi bezobuchwephesha bazikhethela kakhulu kunezingcingo.
Uyazi? Izithelo zezitshalo zingabonakalisana ngokuhlasela okuseduze kwezinambuzane eziyingozi noma izifo eziphilayo. Le nqubo yokuxhumana iyenzeka, ngokusho kososayensi, ngosizo lwe-symbiotic fungi, i-micelles efaka izimpande zezitshalo.
Izithuba eziningi zokutshala izithelo ze-peach eziyingqayizivele, uma uhlanganisa ama-cuttings ayo nge-plum, ama-cherries, ama-sloes, ama-almonds (nezinye izithelo zamatshe). Ochwepheshe bacabangela ukulima njenge-stock ekahle.Futhi phawula inqubo enzima yokuhlanganisa wonke izinhlobo zepayipi. Ngisho nesitokisi esikhethiwe kahle, ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi isiko sifa ngesikhathi sasebusika noma sitholakala kabi ngenxa yezimo zemvelo.
Abanye balimi babelana ngokuhlangenwe nakho kobuchwepheshe obuphumelelayo nesitoreji sezinhlobo eziningi ze-frost anti resistant.
I-Cherry
Imithetho engaqondakali yabalimi iqinisekisa inhlanganisela ephumelelayo yazo zonke izithelo zamatshe. Zingahlanganiswa njengezimpande kanye ne-scion. Ukucacisa lezi ziqondiso, izazi zithi okuhle kakhulu kwe-cherries kuyinhlanganisela ne-sweet cherry ne-cherry bird, kanye ne-cheretal cherries.
Lezi yizinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu ezingeni le-amateur. Futhi ama-willows ane-hybrids nezinhlobo ezahlukene avunyelwe. 
Uyazi? Ososayensi bakwazi ukufakazela ukuthi zonke izitshalo zithumela ulwazi mayelana nenani le-ultraviolet elitholiwe. Le nqubo iqhutshwa ngengozi yendlela yangaphakathi efana nesimiso sezinzwa zezinto eziphilayo ezindala. Isibonelo, lapho ukukhanya kuthinta iqabunga elilodwa nje kuphela, kwezinye izimpikiswano zamakhemikhali ezinobudlova zenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakungefani nokuchayeka kombala.
Kodwa lokhu kuseluhlu olungaphelele lwalokho okungatshalalwa ngama cherries. Amajikijolo amahle atholakala ngokuwahlanganisa nge-currants, i-cherry plum ne-plum. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulezi zimo, okuphambene kuvunyelwe.
Futhi uma ufuna ukuthola isihlahla esincane, isihlahla esibusika kakhulu-ebusika esinomqhele we-variegated osetshenziswayo - zama ukukhula i-cherry ngameva. 
Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esilinganiselwe, "Vladimirsky", "Korostynsky" izinhlobo ze-cherry, kanye nesitokisi se-cloned "Izmaylovskaya (PN)", "Rubin", i-AVCh-2, i-VP-1 iyilungele ukugoma.
I-sweet cherry
Uma ungaphambuki kumthetho oyinhloko wabalimi, khona-ke inketho ekahle ye-cherry cuttings yizinhlobonhlobo ezibandayo ze-cherry.
Futhi uma ufuna ukwandisa ama-horizons amathuba we-horticultural, ungazama ukuwafakisa kwi-cherry noma i-cherry plum. Lezi zinguquko zamukelekile phakathi kwabaqeqeshi bembonini, njengoba benesilinganiso esihle sokusinda kanye nekhono lokuqoqa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezithelo emthini owodwa ngonyaka.
Imfuneko kuphela yokufakelwa komshini: kufanele kube nokuzivikela okuhle nokukhuthazela kwezimo ezilimazayo zokulima. 
Uyazi? Ukuze uthole umphumela kusuka ezitshalweni ezihlanganisiwe, uzodinga 4-5 iminyaka.
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bangazama ukukhulisa i-cherry ngenqwaba, besebenzisa lesi sigaba njengesitoko. Inhlanganisela enjalo idinga umzamo omkhulu nolwazi, kodwa umphumela uwufanele.
Iphakathi
Indlela elula yokuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamapheya. Kuletha ngempela injabulo kusuka emthonjeni omkhulu. Ukuze kuhlanganiswe okunjalo, abalimi bakhetha izinhlobo ze-Svetlyanka, i-Lesnaya, i-Severyanka, i-Tenderness, i-Ussuriyskaya, esetshenziselwa izimpande. 
Umphumela omuhle utholakala uma ipeyari ingenwe kwi-quince. Ukudubula okunjalo akulokothi kukhule, izithelo zawo zivuthwe ngokushesha kakhulu kunokujwayelekile futhi zibe nokunambitheka okuncane okuthakazelisayo.
Yebo, uma ubuza, "Kungenzeka yini ukutshala i-apula ngesihlava?", Khona-ke uzothola impendulo engacacile: "Yebo." Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Apple "Melba", "Vityaz", "Antonovka" nephakathi kwe "Kadephralna", "Lada" kubhekwa njengenhlanganisela evamile kakhulu, ehlukaniswa ngokusheshiswa okusheshayo kwe-rootstock kanye ne-scion.
Ochwepheshe baxwayisa ngemikhiqizo ephezulu yokugoma, ngakho bayeluleka ukuba baphakamise amagatsha e-scion ngesikhathi, ngoba ingozi yokuwaphula iphezulu kakhulu. 
Uyazi? Amahlamvu ezitshalweni atholakale ngokucacile: endaweni ehlukile, ebangeni elifanayo kusuka komunye nomunye, ngaphezulu noma nge-clockwise. Ababalo bezembalo bakwazi ukuchaza la maqiniso ngamanani ayingqayizivele kusukela ochungechungeni lwe-Fibonacci. Isibonelo, ku-apricot, i-angle phakathi kwamaqabunga i-2/5, ku-almond - 5/13, naku-pear - 3/8. Ama-botanists ahumusha lezi zimiso njengekhono eliphumelelayo lezitshalo ukuthola i-ultraviolet kanye nomswakama.
I-engraftment ye-cuttings ephakathi kwe-ash ash, hawthorn, dogwood, i-chokeberry (i-chokeberry emnyama), irga kanye ne-lemon kuvunyelwe. Kuzo zonke izimo, umuthi wokuhlola udinga ukunakekelwa okungaphezulu nokunakekelwa okwengeziwe.
Iqiniso liwukuthi i-pear ihluke ezimpandeni ezifakwe ohlwini ngokuthuthukiswa kwayo okusheshayo, okunciphisa amandla nokuqina kwazo. 
Isihlahla se-Apple
Mhlawumbe lokhu kuyinto evamile kakhulu yokuhlolwa, kokubili ochwepheshe nasesimweni se-amateur. Isihlahla sama-apula ngokuvamile siwela nezinye izitshalo zembewu.
Futhi yonke imizamo yokuyihlanganisa ngama-plums, ama-cherry nama-apricot ahlale egqoke ukuhluleka, ngoba izithelo zamatshe nezinzalo zembewu akuzona i-pair.
Ngokweqile, kungenzeka ukuba ukhule i-apula esihlahleni, kodwa ngokusemandleni lokhu akunakwenzeka ngisho nakubo bonke ochwepheshe. Ukwehliswa okuncane kwezitshalo ngenxa yezinga elihlukene lezinyanga zabo ezikhulayo, okufakazela ekubhujisweni kwesayithi lokugoma.
Ngenxa yalokho, kuncane okungahlanganiswa ngempumelelo emthini we-apula. Njengomthetho, lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi ye-intervarietal kanye nohlobo oluhle. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinqanda ukuhlwithwa yi-Frost ezinezifo ezivame ukubhekana nezifo ezivamile nezinambuzane (i-Antonovka, i-Anis) zikhethwa njengesitokisi. 
Kubalulekile! Ukugoma kuvunwa kuphela cuttings amancane futhi aqinile.Abaqeqeshiwe bacabanga ukuthi i-rootstocks engcono kakhulu ye-apula yilezi:
- 62-396;
- A2;
- 5-25-3;
- I-M9;
- MM 106;
- 54-118.
Ugqumugqumu
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo nezitshalo zeberry zingahlanganiswa nama currants abomvu nabomnyama. Amahlumela atholakalayo abonakala ngesivuno esikhulu, ukukhuthazela ekomeni, iqhwa nezinye izimo ezingavumelekile zokulima.
Kungcono ukuthatha umsebenzi wezithombo ezimbili zeminyaka, kanye nenzalo kusuka ezimpandeni. 
Rowan
Izihlahla ezivela kulesi siko yi-graft enhle kakhulu ye-hawthorn ne-chokeberry. Njengengxenye yesitokisi, isetshenziselwa i-cornel neyesibili. 
I-Hawthorn
Abagadi bezilwane phakathi kwabo babiza lo muthi isisindo somhlaba wonke wezitshalo eziningi nezithelo zensimu. Kuzo zonke izinto ezingatshalalwa nge-hawthorn, i-apula, amapheya, i-dogwood, i-aronia kanye nama-roses ajwayelekile athandwa kakhulu.
Izinkuni zalesi sitshalo zihlukaniswe ngamandla alo nokukhuthazela; ngakho-ke, ama-graft akhule avela kuwo ngokuzenzakalelayo athola ingculazi kanye namandla.
Kubalulekile! Inqolobane yokugoma kufanele ibe yinyumba.
Manje uyazi izimfihlo eziyinhloko zokwehlukanisa izithelo zezitshalo. Sithemba ukuthi izincomo zethu zizokusiza ukuba ugweme amaphutha ajwayelekile kunazo zonke abalimi abangenalwazi futhi ungabi nesikhathi sokulinda umphumela okungahambisani nawo.Ngaso sonke isikhathi cabanga ngobuhlobo be-botanical zezitshalo ezihlanganisiwe, nezivivinyo eziphumelelayo kuwe.
