Morozovka iyinhlobo ehlukahlukene ye-dessert ye-cherry ethandwa phakathi kwabalimi. Isiko sibonakala ngokuqina okukhulu kweqhwa, ukuvunwa okucebile kanye nokunambitheka okukhulu kakhulu kwamajikijolo. Siphakamisa ukuthi ujwayele izici zeMorozovskaya cherry, kanye nama-nuances okutshala nokunakekela lesi sitshalo.
Umlando wokuzala
Cherry "Morozovka" - izithelo ezincane nezitshalo ezincane, ezakhiwe eSikhungo Sokucwaninga Scientific Research ngo-1997. Umbhali we-cherry wayenjalo T.V. Morozova - umfuyi odumile, isazi esigunyazayo ekutshalweni kwezithelo zamatshe.
"Morozovka" yadalwa ngokucubungula ubusika obude nobusika. Ababelethi babhekana nomsebenzi onzima wokwakha izinhlobonhlobo lapho ukuphakama okukhulu kweqhwa kwakuzohlanganiswa nezici ezinhle zokunambitheka kwezithelo, ukukhula okuphansi kwemithi nokuphikisana nezifo. 
Ukuze athole uhlobo olunjalo jikelele, izinhlobo ze-cherries "i-Lyubskaya" ne "Vladimirskaya" zisetshenziswe njengesisekelo.
Ukuhlukahluka "uLyubskaya" kwakunentshisekelo ngenxa yokuvunwa kwayo okuphezulu, ukuzala, kanye namajikijolo amakhulu futhi anambithekayo. Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze "Vladimir" ziyaziwa ngokumelana nokuphakama okukhulu emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Kwaqunyiwe ukuwela lezi zinhlobo ezimbili. Umsebenzi wokubeletha wagcina cishe amashumi amathathu. Umbono ophumela kuthunyelwe ukuhlolwa. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ezihlukahlukene "Morozovka" akalahlekelwa ukuthandwa yayo.
Zijwayele ukulima ezinye izinhlobo zama cherry: "Molodezhnaya", "Kharitonovskaya", "Turgenevskaya", "Shokoladnitsa", "Black Large".
Izici eziphilayo
Ngokuqhubekayo kulesi sihloko sizobuka izici eziphilayo ze-Morozovka cherry, incazelo yezinto ezihlukahlukene, izithombe, kanye nokubuyekezwa kwabalimi abaqeqeshiwe kanye nabalingani abavamile. Ngokuba i-dessert cherry "Frost" izici ezilandelayo zangaphandle ze-varietal zihlukile.
Incazelo yomuthi
Isihlahla sinokuphakama okuphakathi, kufana nebhola elima. Isihlahla somuthi sigcwele amagxolo omnyama omnyama. Umqhele womuthi ukhulu kakhulu.
Amahlamvu akhiwa ngamagatsha aqinile amagatsha. Ngokuvamile, isihlahla sinamaqabunga amancane (isilinganiso samakhasi). Izitshalo zixubile, i-gray-green tint. Inombolo encane ye-tubercles encane yenziwa phezu kwamahlumela. Amaqabunga aphikisiwe kakhulu ebusweni behlumela futhi abe nomumo ovoid ohlangene. Ukulimala kwenzeka kokubili ekukhuleni kwezimbali, nasemagatsheni waminyaka yonke (kulezi zinsuku - nakakhulu). 
Amahlamvu "Morozovka" asemnyama shades aluhlaza. Amaqabunga ayanqatshwa kwe-pubescence futhi abe nebushelelezi kuze kube yilapho ebheke phezulu. Ishidi elijwayelekile likhulu kunaleyo. Emaphethelweni wekhasi, umuntu angathola izinsimbi ze-bichenate. Esikhathini esisekelweni sibheke izinhlayiya eziningana ezibomvu ezincane. Amaqabunga agcinwa ema-petioles amafushane. On the petioles kunezinhlayiya zombala obomvu.
Lapho kufika entwasahlobo emthini oqhakaza ama-inflorescences amhlophe. Izimbali zikhulu ngobukhulu futhi zisehlobo lwe-roses. Amapetali ahlangene.
Uyazi? Oddly ngokwanele, ungakwazi kalula ubuthi ama cherry. Kodwa hhayi i-pulp yamajikijolo, kodwa okuqukethwe kwembewu nembewu. Zine-amygdalin. Ngesinye isikhathi emzimbeni womuntu, le nto iphenduka i-hydrocyanic acid eyingozi.
Incazelo yezithelo
Izithelo ze "Morozovka" zizungezile, kunalokho zikhulu futhi zinzima. Isisindo sesilinganiso sebheki sihlukahluka 4.8-5.0 g. Esikhathini esiswini se-cherry ngayinye kunesigxobo esicacile. Ngaphansi kwesibushu kubhala isincikithi esincane kodwa esibonakalayo.
Isikhumba kanye ne-pulp yesithelo sinombala obomvu obomvu, kunenombolo encane yezindawo ezincane ezingaphansi. Inyama iyamanzi, hhayi kakhulu. Ithanga liyindilinga, ubukhulu obuphakathi, lihlukaniswe kalula kumalitha. 
Izithelo zigcinwa emagatsheni ngosizo lwezinhlanzi ezindala nezincanyana. Uhlaka lokuhlukanisa lubekwe phakathi kwe-cherry ne-stem.
Uyazi? Amaphesenti ayishumi nambili ama-cherry amajikijolo ayengena emiphumeleni yawo i-aspirin eyodwa.
Ukuvota
Ukuhlukahluka "Morozovka" kungokwesigaba esivamile i-cherries e-self-infertile. Isici sesici salesi sitshalo ukuhluleka ukutshala nge-self-pollination yezimbali. Ngakho-ke, ukuze isihlahla sikhule futhi sithele izithelo ngokuvamile, kuyisiko ukutshala izinhlobo ezizimele eziseduze nayo.
Ngokuba Morozovka cherries, izinhlobo ezilandelayo cherry kukhona pollinators ekahle: Zhukovskaya, Griot, Lebedyanskaya, Michurinskaya. Lezi zinambuzane zisebenza kahle kakhulu futhi zibeka esikhundleni izinambuzane.
Lesi sici se- "Morozovka" asiyona inzuzo, kodwa kunalokho kunenzuzo. Ukukhiqizwa komuthi cishe akuhlobene nezimo zezulu. Ukuvuna izimbali kwenziwa ngisho nasezimo zentwasahlobo epholile, kanye nokungabi khona kwezinyosi - impova yemvelo yezitshalo. 
Isikhathi sokubeletha
Ngokwesilinganiso, "Morozovka" uvuthwe ekuqaleni. Uma isimo sezulu esifudumele sishisa, isivuno sivunwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Nokho, isivuno esikhulu sezithelo ezivuthiwe kulindeleke kuphela 3-4 emva kokudlula.
Ngaphezu kokukhangisa kwamajikijolo kunambitheka kakhulu. I-asidi yezithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo iyancishiswa kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukubiza ubumnandi bama-cherries kugcizelelwe ngempumelelo ngomunyu omncane nomnandi.
Ukuthela
Izinhlobonhlobo "Frost" ibonisa isivuno esihle kakhulu. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele kanye nezimo zezulu ezihle, isivuno esivamile sama cherry siyoba 50-65% ehektheleni noma 35 kg ngomuntu omdala ngamunye.
Isitshalo esiphumela sinomphumela ophansi wokudlidliza, okungukuthi, ukuhamba kahle kwezokuthutha. Lokhu kwenza uMorozovskaya afune ukuthakazelisa ngokuletha ngesikhathi esifanele imikhiqizo ezimakethe zezolimo.
Ubusika obunzima
Isihlahla salezi zihlukahlukene futhi sibonisa izinga lokusinda elihle (izinga eliphezulu lokuqina kwebusika nokumelene nesomiso). Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ubunzima bebusika abuhambanga kuzo zonke izingxenye zaleli cherry. 
Amaqabunga nezimbali zomuthi zingabanda futhi zinyamalale phakathi nobusika obunzima ngisho nangama-frosts alula kakhulu. Leli qiniso libuhlungu kakhulu ubusika obusika eMorozovskaya cherry.
Isicelo
Izakhamuzi zithi ngezinzuzo ezinkulu zokudla izithelo ezintsha "Frost". Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-dessert ziyasiza kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu. Emalindeni amajikijolo ayo kunezici eziningi zamakhemikhali ezenza igazi (ithusi, i-cobalt, insimbi), okusiza nge-anemia.
Amajikijolo acebile ama-acids aphilayo, ama-microelements asebenzayo nama-vithamini ahlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amajikijolo ama cherry anezici ze-pectin ezibhekene nokukhipha izidakamizwa eziyingozi emzimbeni.
Uyazi? Ngaphambi kokufika kwezidakamizwa zanamuhla, odokotela banqume iziguli ezinesithuthwane ukuba zidle amajikijolo ama cherry, futhi ebusika - thatha i-decoction yamaqabunga omisiwe omisiwe. Lokhu kwavimbela ukuthuthukiswa kokuqothulwa kwesibindi noma kuqhuba inkambo yabo.
Cherry "Morozovka" - umkhiqizo obalulekile wokudla. Uma sekudliwe, ukufisa ukudla kuthuthuka, ukoma kucishiwe, umsebenzi wezinambuzane uzinzile.
Ngesikhathi ukwelashwa kokushisa, izici zokunambitheka ze-cherry Morozovka azilahlekile. Kusukela ku-Morozov cherries ukulungiselela ama-compotes ahlukahlukene awusizo, ama-jam, ama-jams. Izithelo zalesi sihlahla zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulungiselela izidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene, iziphuzo ezidakayo (brandy, utshwala). 
Imithetho yokutshala izithombo ze cherry
Ekugcineni yonke imithetho yokubamba i-cherry Morozovka izokujabulisa ngesitshalo esikhulu samajikijolo anamakha futhi ayigugu. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kweningi labalimi abaqeqeshiwe nabalingani abavamile, uMorozovskaya cherry kulula kakhulu ukukhula.
Isikhathi esiphelele
Ababelethi batusa ukutshala ngesikhathi sonyaka ka-spring (ngo-Mashi) noma ekwindla (ekuqaleni kuka-Septhemba). Ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sitshalo asibonakalwanga nesithwathwa nesomiso, ukuze kungcono ukuthi ikhule. Zama ukuthola umuthi oneminyaka emibili ubudala, ngoba amahlamvu alokhu isitshalo kakade athuthukile. Kodwa-ke, isitsha esisodwa sonyaka esisodwa sinesifanele.
Kukhona uhlobo lwe-cherry elinomumo we-bush-felt felt cherry. Ikhulelwa ngempumelelo ngabalimi futhi iveza izithelo. Funda mayelana nezinkinga zokukhulela lesi sitshalo esingavamile kanye nokuvikelwa kwayo ezinambuzane nezifo.
Ukukhethwa kwendawo
Indawo yokufika kufanele ibe khona uhlangothi olusenyakatho lwezwe. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi kwakukhona umoya omncane ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ayitholakalanga eduze nomhlabathi.
Ngaphambi kokuqala imisebenzi yokutshala, indawo ekhethiwe kumele ilungiselelwe ngokucophelela umuthi omdala ozayo. Khetha indawo engamatshumi ama-3 kuya kwangu-3 emthini owodwa. Ngaphakathi kwemingcele yaleso sakhiwo, i-rhizome yomuthi ingakhula futhi ikhule ngendlela evamile. 
Inqubo kanye nohlelo
Inhlabathi endaweni yokufika kufanele ibe ne-acid-neutral loam, inhlabathi enesihlabathi noma isihlabathi.
Isinyathelo sokufika:
- Ephakathi kwendawo yokutshala ama cherry, bamba imbobo 50 cm ejulile no-80 cm ububanzi. Umhlaba okhishwe emgodini akufanele uphonswe: uxube ngesilinganiso esifanayo nama-humus, bese ufaka umlotha, i-superphosphate ne-potassium chloride.
- Faka isikhonkwane esingama-130 cm phakathi nendawo emgodini.
- Yakha inqwaba ye-15 cm high kusukela e-substrate elungiselelwe phansi kwegodi.
- Beka isithombo kwi-tubercle. Intamo yentambo yomuthi kufanele ibe ngamasentimitha ambalwa ngaphezu komhlaba.
- Spread the rhizome of the seedling kahle, bese ugcwalisa umgodi.
- I-Condense inhlabathi kancane, bese ugoba umgodi wamakhilomitha ebangeni elingama-30 cm esitshalweni uphinde uthule amanzi angama-30 l.
- Uma amanzi enamathele kahle, gcoba indawo yensimbi eseduzane ne-mulch (umhlaba omusha, iziphuzi, i-peat).
- Hlanganisa isithombo esikhwameni. Beka ama-pollinator ebangeni elingamamitha ama-2.5-3 ukusuka esihlahleni.
Ukunakekela ukunakekelwa kwesikhashana kwama cherry
Emva kokutshala komuthi kudinga ukunakekelwa okuphelele. Ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kwe-Cherry kuhlanganisa ukuchelela njalo, inhlabathi ikhululeka emthini, ukukhulelwa, ukusika ngezikhathi ezithile, nokuvikelwa ezifweni nasezikhungweni.
Ukunisela nokukhipha
Masinyane emva kokutshala, nisela amanzi okungenani 3 amabhakede amanzi aphephile afudumele. Njengoba "i-Morozovka" ibekezelela kalula isomiso, yenza ukuphuza okuqhubekayo kuphela uma kudingeka.
Vuselela ukuchelela emva kokuhluma kwesitshalo, ukuze isihlahla sibeke izithelo ezinhle, futhi amajikijolo ayoba namanzi. Amanzi omuthi owodwa omdala izikhathi ezine ngenyanga, ibhakede elilodwa lamanzi ekuseni nakusihlwa.
Kubalulekile! Qinisekisa ukuthi umswakama awunamatheli emhlabathini, kepha ungena emanzini angama-45 cm.
Ngemuva kokunisela ngamunye, khipha inhlabathi. Lokhu ukukhwabanisa kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukufinyelela emoyeni ezimpandeni zomuthi. Okokuqala, vula umbuthano wokunisela okhula uthola izakhi ezisuka emhlabathini. Bese ugoqa indawo ezungeze isiyingi sombuthano 10-15 cm ejulile. Ububanzi kufanele buguqulwe ngokulinganisa komqhele. Kule ndawo eduze kwamanzi amanzi anikeziwe. 
Umanyolo
Ikhwalithi yokuvuna esikhathini esizayo kuxhomeke ekunamatheleni kwezobuchwepheshe obufanele bokudla umuthi we-cherry.
Nciphisa umhlabathi ngobumanyolo ngendwangu yesikhwama semboxo esakhiwa nge-sawdust ne-humus. Ukuphakama okufunayo kwalolu ungqimba ngu-2 cm.
Iminyaka engama-7 yokuqala iveza umuthi njalo ngonyaka. Esikhathini esizayo, gcina izikhathi ezithile phakathi kokugqoka. Izakhi zamaminerali okwenza iminyaka emibili emva kokutshala, kanye namanyolo eziphilayo - njalo eminyakeni emine.
Ukulwa nezifo nezinambuzane
Ifriji ngokuvamile ayimelene nezifo ze-fungal. Nokho kukhona izifo ezininganalapho umuthi kufanele uvikelwe khona:
Coccomycosis (I-agent causative yesifo yi-mushroom kaSossomuse s hiemalis). Ngokutheleleka okunzima, leli qabunga liboshwe ngokubunjwa okubomvu. Ngokushesha leli qabunga loma futhi liwa ngokushesha. Umuthi uyancipha, ulahlekelwa amandla okudla ngokujwayelekile futhi ufe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. 
Ukwelashwa kwe-coccomycosis cherries, yenza ukwelashwa kathathu ngamapulangwe. Yenza ukwelashwa kokuqala ngaphambi kwephuphu lokuphuza; owesibili - ekupheleni kwesigaba sokuqhakaza; okwesithathu, fafaza isitshalo 2-3 amasonto emva kokuphuza.
I-Anthracnose. Esikhunjweni sezithelo ezincane sibonakala ukwakheka okuncane okumnyama. Amachashazi akhula masinyane, ashaya yonke i-cherry. Ngokushesha inyama iyaba nsundu. Ukudla izithelo ezithintekile akunakwenzeka. Futhi, izindawo ezincane ezimnyama ziyabonakala emahlamvu. Amaqabunga awawomile, kodwa kancane kancane awe phansi. 
Ukuvimbela i-anthracnose kuhluma ngesisombululo se-0.2% zinc noma i-manganese sulphate. Uma umuthi usuvele ugula, ngokushesha ulahle izithelo ezithintekayo. Bese uphatha izinkuni nge-fungicide ("Poliram", "Topsin-M", "Topaz", "Horus"). Ukufafaza kwenziwe ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokucubungula. Inqubo kumele iphindwe emva kwezinsuku ezingu-12-14.
Ukubonakala okuphazamisiwe. Amabala obuhlaza anemibala emnyama afakwe emaqabunga. Ukuze uzivimbele, njalo uqoqe futhi uchithe amaqabunga afile, bese ugoba ngokucophelela inhlabathi. Ngaphambi noma ngemva kwesikhathi sokubhakabhaka, phatha lesi sihlahla nge-fungicide "Hom", uphinde emva kwezinsuku ezingu-15-20.
Monilioz. Isifo sesifo ukubola ngokungazelelwe kwamaqabunga amancane. Amahlamvu abukeka ashiswa. Izithelo zigcwele ukukhula kwe-spore. Ukuphefumula kwentwasahlobo yokuzivikela kwezinkuni nomhlaba ngaphansi kwayo nge-3% ye-Bordeaux liquid izosiza ekugwemeni ukungcola. Ekulweni nokulwa ne-moniliosis ngaphambi kokuqhakaza izinso, ukwelashwa ngesisombululo sulfate esine-ferrous (3%) kwenziwa. Ngaphambi kwesikhathi se-flowering spray "Horus", "Fundazol", "Azofos", "Zircon". 
Ngaphezu kwezifo, izihlahla ze-cherry ngezinye izikhathi zihlaselwa. izinambuzane ezinambuzane. Cabanga ngezinto ezivame kakhulu:
- Aphid. Lesi sitha esincane se-cherry sishaya amahlumela aso namaqabunga ayo. Uma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ubeka amabhande, ukubonakala kwama-aphid kungagwenywa. Lo mcimbi ngeke uvumele izintuthwane ukudonsa izimpungushe ze-aphid ku-cherry. Ungase futhi usabise izintuthwane ngokumnika kwamanzi anamandla.
- A fly - Inkathazo yesibili futhi eyingozi kakhulu ye-cherry. Abantu abadala abangaphansi kwesitshalo, bangcwatshwe emhlabathini. Izimpungushe zezimpukane zibangela umonakalo omkhulu - zingene ngaphakathi kwe-ovary futhi esigabeni sokuvuthwa kwe-fetus siphendukele umgqomo omhlophe kuze kufike ku-1 cm ubude. Kunezindlela eziningana eziphumelelayo zokulwa ne-cherry fly. Qinisekisa ukususa zonke izithelo eziwile phansi komuthi bese ugoba isihlahla somuthi. Umhlabathi oguqayo uzokhathala, futhi izindiza zebusika zizofa ngokwemvelo.
Kubalulekile! Zama ukulwa nezifo nezinambuzane ezihlahleni ze-cherry ngendlela ephephile, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amakhemikhali.
Ukwakheka komqhele kanye nomqhele
I-Cherry "Frost" idinga ukusika izihlahla njalo nokwakhiwa komqhele. Inqubo yokunquma inconywa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ukuze uqoke izihlahla, uzodinga i-saw, i-pruner, ummese, kanye nensimu var. I-Garden var - i-remedy jikelele evikela lesi sihlahla ngokuyiqiniso ezinambuzane nezifo. Ukuze ulungise impi yensimu oyodinga:
- amafutha ezilwane (ingxenye eyodwa);
- umlotha wokhuni (ingxenye eyodwa);
- i-turpentine (izingxenye ezingu-5);
- ukuphuza utshwala (izingxenye ezimbili);
- rosin (izingxenye ezingu-10).
Kubalulekile! Uma ungakunaki ukusika izihlahla, inani lamahlumela angenalutho liyokhula kakhulu, okuyinto ngokuqinisekile izophazamisa isivuno somuthi we-cherry.
Uhlelo lokunciphisa:
- Nciphisa wonke amagatsha angenalutho omqhele.
- Shiya amahlumela amahlanu aqinile esihlahleni. Amagatsha anjalo kufanele atholakale emigqeni eminingana (amahlumela amathathu emgqeni wokuqala, amagatsha amabili okwesibili no-1 okwesithathu).
- Ngemuva kokubunjwa kwe-longlines, izihlahla ezilandelayo zihlanganisa ukuqeda amahlumela aqina kakhulu.
Ukuvikelwa emakhazeni namakhaza
Nakuba "i-Freezer" ibekwa njengezinhlobonhlobo ezibandayo, kufanelekile ukunakekelwa ulungiselela umuthi ngesikhathi sasebusika:
- ukuqoqa wonke amaqabunga awile azungeze isihlahla somuthi;
- i-perekopyvayte kanye ne-mulch umhlaba nge-peat, utshani noma i-sawdust ngemuva kokunisela ngamunye;
- hlambulula ubuso be-trunk namahlumela omzimba wamagxolo afile, bese u-white;
- ezindaweni ezingenyakatho ze-shtamb kuyadingeka ukugoqa iphepha noma ukugqoka
Lezi zinqubo zizosiza ukuvikela lesi sihlahla emiphumeleni yesimo sezulu esibi.
Kusuka kumagundane, kulimaza amagxolo kanye namahlumela aphansi esihlahleni, kukhulula ukugoqa kwesiqu ngenetha elikhethekile noma kunoma iyiphi enye impahla enesisindo.
Njengoba sibona, i-Morozovka cherry iyinhlobo ehlukahlukene ye-dessert enezimfanelo ezinhle zezobuchwepheshe zezithelo. Ukuze umuthi wakho we-cherry ukhule uphilile futhi ukwenze ujabulele izitshalo ezicebile, ungakhohlwa ukulandela zonke izincomo ezingenhla.
