Ngokungangabazeki, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene okumnandi zama-apula zibhekwa Isikhathi eside (isi-Chinese).
Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zayo zokulima, izihlahla ze-apula zalezi zihlukahlukene ziletha ngempela isivuno esikhulu.
Futhi izimfanelo zokunambitheka ezihlukahlukene zaseChina ngeke zikushiye ungenandaba - kuhle, njengokungathi izithelo zebheyizi, ngeke zilandelwe. Incazelo ka-Apple Isikhathi eside nesithombe sakhe - kusihloko sethu.
Uhlobo luni?
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zama-apula zadalwa eMelika, yaqala ukusakazeka ngenxa yezithelo zayo.
Ukuhluka okude (isiShayina) kubhekisela kuwo ekuqaleni kwekwindla ezihlukahlukene zama-apula.
Ama-apula alezi zinhlobonhlobo anenambitheka emangalisayo, njengoba izithelo ze-Long zinomdlandla ukunambitheka kwe-dessert.
Izihlahla ezivuthiwe zinyanyiswe izithelo, ngokuvamile zivame ukulingana, zibomvu embala.
Lokhu kunikeza umuthi ubuhle obukhethekile.
Ukuvota
IBanga Long (isiShayina) libhekisela kulezo zinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla zama-apula, lapho kutholakala khona impova ngokubonga ngokuqondile izinambuzane.
Leli banga inezici ezinhle zokuheha izinambuzane inqubo yokuvota imbala (umbala ogqamile, iphunga elimnandi), kodwa akufanele utshale izihlahla ze-apula zalezi zihlukahlukene ezixubene nabanye, ngoba iphunga lezihlahla zezimbali zingaxuba futhi zidibanise izinambuzane.
Incazelo ezihlukahlukene Long
I-apple tree isikhathi eside ngokuqinisekile iyoba phakathi kwensimu yakho futhi izobongwa ngabanye.
Izihlahla usayizi omncaneNokho phezulu (cishe ngamamitha angu-4).
Ukuma komqhele elizungezile, elibanzi. Amahlumela sredneopushennye, aluhlaza okomnyama kakhulu.
Amagatsha ahamba phambili, ebuka phezulu. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuvuthwa, amagatsha agcwele ngokuphelele izithelo ezigcinwe esitini esifushane.
Amaqabunga ezinhlobonhlobo ze-apula afana ne-plum. Unesimo se-oblong, izinsimbi ezilula emaphethelweni. Amaqabunga awashi, avame ukugoqa, hhayi ama-pubescent.
Izithelo zalezi ezihlukahlukene usayizi omncane ngesikhumba esithakazelisayo. Isisindo sesithelo esisodwa cishe 20 g Ukuma kwesithelo kufana nesidonsa, kepha ngezinye izikhathi kuyindilinga.
Umbala wama-apula uvutha obomvuI-saucer ayisho. Ifomu elincane elincane le-yellowness emaphethelweni. Inyama isonwe, i-cream-colored nge-splashes ebomvu, elimnandi nelomuncu.
Isithombe
Umlando wezinhlobo zokuzalanisa
Umuthi we-Apple u-Chinatka Long watholakala e-america ngo-1917, wafunda Hansen. Isisekelo sithathwe izinhlobo zaseRussia zama-apula Sibirka nezinhlobonhlobo ezingaziwa.
Ngenxa yobuhle bayo obumangalisayo nokuqhwa kwamaqhwa, izinhlobo ze-apula zalezi zihlukahlukene zisetshenziswa kakhulu njengezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa ensimini Western, Eastern naseNyakatho-ntshonalanga yeSiberia.
Lapho bewela izinhlobo ezaziwa kabanzi indlela yokuhlunga.
Kulezi zihlahla zomama ezingu-15, impova yokuvota impova yayithathwe kuphela kusuka ku-11.
Ngemuva kokuvuthwa okuphindaphindiwe okuphumelelayo, uHansen wakwazi ukususa imbewu yezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha.
Ngaphambi kokutshala okulandelayo, umfuyi wahlunga imbewu. Le nqubo ithathe izinyanga ezingu-4.
Ukutshala kwaphumelela, futhi kamuva ekunakekeleni kwahlukahluka okusha, indlela yomfundisi (umfundisi) yasetshenziswa. Izinhlobonhlobo zaqala "ubhapathizo" lwazo ezimweni ezinzima, okwamvumela ukuba asebenze ukumelana nokushisa okuhle.
Isizinda Sokuqala
Indawo yokukhula kwemvelo eYurophu yindawo ebandayo. Ngokuyisisekelo I-Western ne-Eastern Siberia nezulu layo.
Uhlobo Olude (IsiShayina) luhle kakhulu ekukhuleni okushisayo.
Wakhe uhlelo lwempande lujulile ngokwaneleLokhu kuvumela ukuthi umuthi ugcine izinga lokushisa elikhulu.
Izinhlobonhlobo ngokwanele Ivumelanisa kahle ezindaweni ezifudumele nezomileNokho, isimo esiyinhloko sokuzivumelanisa ukuchelela okuningi.
Njengoba kunamanzi anganele, uhlelo lwempande lomuthi luqala ukuqeda, okuholela ekunciphiseni kokuqoqwa kwezakhi kanye nenqubo ye-photosynthesis engafanelekile.
Kuhlobene nalokhu isivuno esinciphile.
Zokutshala kulamave ezifaneleke izinhlobo ezifana: Liyaziswa, Isetskoe, Reinette Chernenko, ayegcwele kuyo, Lada, Isipho balimi, Pepin liqhakaze, yamathebhu Ural, flashlight, isikrini, Amber, Uralets, Phoenix Altay, indodakazi Pepinchika, Lyubava, Gornoaltaisk, Bugler, Altynay
Ukuthela
Ukukhiqizwa kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene kunokwenzeka ephakeme ngokwanele kunoma yiziphi izimokodwa kaningi lokhu kuhlukahluka kusetshenziswa ngokuqondile njenge umuthi wokuhlobisa.
Isihlahla siqala ukuqinisa cishe eminyakeni emihlanu emva kokuduka emhlabathini. Isayizi encane yezithelo, isisindo somntwana ovuthiwe sifinyelela ku-15-20 g.
Ukuzikhethela kwama-apula kulezi ezihlukahlukene endaweni yawo emagatsheni, ngenkathi yokuvuthwa, zihlala zizungeze wonke amagatsha, kodwa ubambe ngokuqinile.
Isikhathi sokuvuna siwela ekupheleni kuka-Agasti - ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba, ukuhluma kwalokhu kuhluka kwenzeka njengomthetho Kanye ngonyaka.
Indawo kuphela yokugcina indawo emnyama futhi ebandayo. Ukuhlanganiswa kwale mibandela kuzosindisa ama-apula zingakapheli izinyanga ezimbili.
Izithelo ezinhle zihlukahlukene: Augustus, Gala, Antonovka dessert, Papirovka, Pears ebusika, Wonderful, Welsey, Sun, Stroyevskoe, Sokolov, Antey, Malinovka, Apple Spas, Lobo, Bely Naliv, Zvezdochka, Elena, Zhigulevskoe, Korey, Delight.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-apula, kubalulekile ukugcina indawo ekuzozizwa ngayo ukhululekile ngangokunokwenzeka.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela ekutshaleni lokhu okuhlukahlukene kufanele uqale kuleli sonto. Ngalesi sikhathi kubalulekile ukulungisa izimbiza zokutshala. (angabi ngaphezu kwama-90 cm) futhi ahlwanyele.
Kwaphela isonto, umhlabathi emigodini uzoba nesikhathi sokufudumala nokugxila kumanyolo.
Ukutshala izihlahla ngenqubo yezimpande ezivaliwe kungenziwa kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi kuya kuphakathi kuka-Ephreli, kanti ekwindla kusukela ekupheleni kukaSepthemba kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba.
Ngesikhathi izihlahla zama-apula ezivulekile kufanele zikhishwe entwasahlobo (kusukela maphakathi no-Ephreli kuya maphakathi no-May) noma ekwindla (kusukela maphakathi no-Septhemba kuya maphakathi no-Okthoba).
I-TIP: Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zama-apula zizozizwa zihle zodwa, zingabi nazo eziseduze nezinye izihlahla. Apple Tree Long Chinese izobukeka kahle phakathi nendawo yokwakhiwa kwensimu.
Ukunakekelwa okufanele for apula izinhlobo Long (China) kuhlanganisa ukulandelana okuthile kwezenzo:
- Umuthi udinga ukuhlolwa njalo.
- Uma kunesidingo, ukuphulukiswa okuphoqelekile kwamanxeba avelayo.
- Njalo entwasahlobo susa amagatsha omile anonakele.
- Ngentwasahlobo nehlobo, inhlabathi ezungeze isihlahla kufanele ikhululwe futhi ihlanzwe ukhula.
- I-Apple idinga ukuchelela okuningi.
- Uma kunesidingo, i-apula kufanele ihlungwe kusuka ezinambuzane.
Le nhlanganisela elula yezenzo kuyosiza ukuguqula i-apple ngesiqongo sangempela sensimu yezithelo!
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izihlahla ze-Apple zalesi sigaba ukumelana kakhulu nezifo. Kodwa-ke, kunezifo eziningi ezingaphazamisa umsebenzi wokuhlobisa lezi zihlahla ze-apula.
Lezi zihlanganisa: i-cytosporosis, ukushisa amabhaktheriya, umdlavuza omnyama.
Izindlela zokulawula izifo:
I-Cytosporosis ugeleza kanzima ukuze uthole umuthi. Ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwe-bud, umuthi kufanele uphathwe nge-preparation Hom, futhi ngaphambi kokuchichima - nge-sulphate yethusi.
Ukushisa amabhaktheriya. Isifo esibi futhi esiyingozi sama-apula. Kubheka ukubonakala kwayo kumuntu. Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokulwa nokushisa amabhaktheriya ukubhujiswa komthombo wokutheleleka.
Umdlavuza omnyama Lesi sifo silimaza ngokuyinhloko ukhuni, ngakho-ke ukubonakala komuthi. Amagxolo abonakaliswe yilesi sifo kumele asuswe, futhi amanxeba enkuni aphulukiswe ngamalungiselelo afanele.
Izinambuzane ezinkulu:
I-aphid eluhlaza. Isixazululo segwayi kanye nesepha kuphela esinganqoba ama-aphid.
Listoblashka. Lezi zinambuzane azibekezeli ukubhema ugwayi, isinqumo esisebenzayo sizoba ukugcoba izinkuni.
Apple moth. Ukulwa kufanele kuhlanganise ukuphalaza isisombululo se-chlorophos.
Listovertka. Lezi zinambuzane zingalimaza kakhulu ukubonakala komuthi wakho we-apula. Ukulahla kungaba nesisombululo se-nitrofene kuphela.
Apple Blossom. Ukulondoloza izimbali ezinhle, udinga ukufuthola i-apple ngesisombululo seCarbofos noma i-Chlorophos.
Ukufingqa, singasho ukuthi izinhlobo ze-apula Long (i-Kitayku) zilungele umhlobiso wegadi wokuhlobisa.
Ngendawo efanele futhi unakekelwa, ama-apula alezi zihlukahlukene azoba umhlobiso wangempela wensimu yakho. Ngeke bakujabulele ngobuhle babo kuphela, kodwa nangezithelo ezihlwabusayo.
Buka ividiyo mayelana ne-apula ehlukahlukene yama-Chinese.
