Umanyolo we-Organic

Ukukhetha umanyolo wokushisa engadini

Ngentwasahlobo, lapho imvelo ivuka, izakhamuzi zasehlobo nazo ziyasebenza kakhulu, ngoba kubo yisikhathi esishisayo. Ukuze uthole isivuno esicebile ekwindla, kufanele ulungiselele inhlabathi yokulala embhedeni kwentwasahlobo, kufaka phakathi ukuqoqa umquba oqondile futhi ubheke izilinganiso ezifanele.

Kubalulekile ukucabangela izidingo zezitshalo zensimu ezotshalwa kusayithi. Futhi uma kubalimi abanolwazi olunjalo inqubo engekho nzima, ke kubaqalayo kuleli bhizinisi kunzima ukukhetha ukugqoka okuphezulu.

Isidingo sokufaka umanyolo wonyaka ngomhlabathi sisekelwe ekunciphisweni kwezinsiza zomhlaba. Uma ungacebisi isayithi ngezakhi, izitshalo zizophuthuma ngokushesha unyaka nonyaka. Kulesi sihloko sizokuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izitshalo ezidingeka kakhulu entwasahlobo yensimu.

Isitshalo ngasinye sinokuzikhethela ekugqokeni okuphezulu, ngakho kubalulekile ukwazi ukutshala utamatisi, amaqabunga, i-pepper, izaqathe, anyanisi, i-garlic, iklabishi, ukhukhamba, ama-strawberries, amagilebhisi, ama-beet, ama-currants, ama-gooseberries.

Nini ukwenza?

Ngokusho kochwepheshe, kungcono ukutshala indawo yokutshala kuyo entwasahlobo. Kulesi simo, asetshenziselwa izithako ezilungiselelwe ngaphambilini, kanye nemikhiqizo eyinkimbinkimbi ebizwa ngokuthi i-dosed mineral complex. Ungaqala ukufaka umanyolo ezweni ngokushesha ngemuva kweqhwa. Abanye balimi be-amateur bafaka indawo phezu kweqhwa, kodwa ukusebenza kwalendlela kuphansi, ngoba kanye neqhwa eliqhakazile, izinto ezifakiwe zingakwazi "ukuzulazula" zivela endaweni yomhlaba.

Ukuze ungakhohlwa ukuthi yini futhi kuphi okudingeka ukwenze umanyolo, kungcono ukwenza uhlobo lwepulani. Ngakho wonke amasiko aqinisekisiwe ukuthi athola inani elifanele lezakhi ezisezingeni eliphakanyisiwe.

Kubalulekile! Ukugqoka okuphezulu akunjalo lapho kudingekile ukulandela isimiso "okunye - okungcono". Ukuchichima kokubili kwamaminerali nezakhi eziphilayo emhlabathini kungathinta kakhulu isimo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo ezikhulayo lapho. Amaminerali amaminerali ahlanganisiwe adinga ukunemba okuqondile emithini.

Yini yokutshala?

Ngentwasahlobo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezilimo zezitshalo kuqale nje, ngakho bayathatha izakhi nemithi evela emhlabathini ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, ukukhula kwabo kuzobe kunciphisa kakhulu uma umhlaba usuphelile, futhi izinhlobo eziningana azitheli izithelo ezimweni ezinjalo.

Uma umanyolo usetshenziselwa uketshezi entwasahlobo, akunakwenzeka nje kuphela ukuthuthukisa ukukhula kwezakhamuzi, kepha futhi ukwandisa kakhulu izinga lomkhiqizo wabo. Kuzophinde kube nokuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo kwekhwalithi yezithelo ezikhulayo. Izitshalo zihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: eziphilayo nezamaminerali. Sizohlaziya ngamunye wabo.

Uyazi? Izitshalo ezitholakala ngqo emapulazini kuthiwa zendawo. Lezi zihlanganisa i-peat, umquba, umlotha, umquba. Lokho okwakutholakala ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali kuthiwa yizimboni.

Ama-organic

Umanyolo we-Organic unemihlobo emibili: imvelaphi yemifino nesilwane. Imanyolo yemifino i-peat kanye ne-compost, imfuyo - imifino yezinyoni nomquba. Uma ucebisa umhlabathi ngezindaba eziphilayo, ke phakathi kwezinye izinto ungabuye uthuthukise kakhulu isakhiwo saso, esizosiza ekubunjweni nasekuzalweni kwezinhlobo eziphilayo ezizowusizo kokubili inhlabathi nezitshalo.

Kukhona futhi ukungalungi. Ngokuyinhloko, kungase kube khona ukungalingani kwezakhi. Futhi kule ndlela yokufaka umanyolo kungaba imbewu enokhula, futhi ngisho nangokwezilwane kungase kubangele izifo zezitshalo zezitshalo futhi kube uhlobo lwe-magnet forxin. Kodwa-ke, ama-fertilizer organic awalahlekelwa ukuthandwa kwawo, ngoba izinzuzo zazo zingaphezu kokulimala.

Uma ukhetha izinto eziphilayo, kunconywa kakhulu ukusebenzisa umquba. Noma yimuphi umlimi angayilungisa. Ukwenza lokhu, esakhiweni samamitha ayisishiyagalolunye. m. kufanele ihlakazwe utshani, ubukhulu besendlalelo kumele bube ngu-15 cm. Phezulu kwalo ubeka ungqimba lomquba 20 cm ubukhulu, futhi ekugcineni - ungqimba lwama-peit 20 cm.

Ungafafaza konke nge-lime ne-phosphate ufulawa, ngesilinganiso sama-55-60 g weyingxube ngayinye imitha engama-1. m. Ngaphezulu udinga ukuphinda ubeke ungqimba womquba bese umboza zonke izendlalelo ngebhola elincane lomhlabathi. Emva kwezinyanga ezingu-7-8, umanyolo osebenzayo ozosebenza uzobe usulungele ukusetshenziswa.

Kubalulekile! Umquba omusha awulona uhlobo oluhle lomquba wensimu. Iqiniso liwukuthi lapho umquba ungena enhlabathini enomanzi nomfudumalo, iqala ngokuqala ukubola, okuholela ekubeni kukhishwe ukushisa. Ngenxa yalokhu, sonke isitshalo singase 'sishise.' Yingakho umquba omusha usetshenziswa kuphela njengomanyolo wezitshalo eziqinile, kuyilapho kuhlanganiswa emanzini futhi kuphela amanzi phakathi kwemigqa. Ungaqala futhi ukomile umquba, bese uwuchithe phakathi kwemigqa enezingqimba ezincane.
Enye indlela yokufaka umquba emhlabathini entwasahlobo uneminyaka engangonyaka. Ukulinda, kuguqulwa sibe yi-humus. Kodwa lapha kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi umquba, njengenhlanzi yenkukhu, ubola kangcono uma kungenjalo ngendlela ehlanzekile, kodwa uhlanganiswe namaqabunga, utshani noma i-sawdust.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngokwezinto eziphilayo kuphela ingxenye encane ye-nitrogen ishubile. Ngemuva kokuba umquba ubeke emhlabathini, uhlaselwa yizinkulungwane eziningi zezakhamuzi zasemhlabeni, ezidlayo, ziguqula umquba futhi ziwuhlakaze. Kungenxa yezenzo ezinjalo zezincane ezincane ukuthi i-nitrogen ephuma efolini elingenasimo engagculiseki, ngemva kwalokho konke kuxhomeke ekukhuleni komhlabathi wesitshalo. Isibonelo, amazambane kunalokho asheshe athathe i-nitrogen, eyayilungiselelwe yizinyunyana ezincane, okungeke kuthiwe ngezaqathe. Ekuqaleni ikhula kancane, futhi phakathi kukaJulayi kuphela ukukhula okusheshayo kwamaqabunga okuqala. Ngokususelwa kuleso datha, futhi udinga ukwakha isondlo sokudla.

Amaminerali

Ngama-fertilizer amaminerali ngokuvamile okulula ukusebenza kakhulu kunezinto eziphilayo. Zithengiswa ngokushesha esimweni esiphelile, esicacile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphakheji ihlale ineziyalezo, lapho kunezincomo eziwusizo ekusebenziseni izidakamizwa kanye nesilinganiso esiqondile. Nokho, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe lapha. Kumele kugxile kuzidingo zesitshalo segadi, kanye nezici zesayithi ngokwazo.

Abanye balimi balubaluleka kakhulu kumanyolo wamaminerali, ngokusekelwe ukuthi lokhu "yi-chemistry" futhi kulimaza kuphela isayithi nezitshalo. Omunye akakwazi ukuvuma ukuthi isakhiwo somhlabathi asikathuthuki ngempela kumaminerali, okudingekayo lapha kuphela. Kodwa inzuzo ephawulekayo yobuningi bomanyolo wukuthi izitshalo zizokwazi ukufinyelela ngqo eqenjini lazo zonke izinto ezidingekayo, i-nitrogen ne-phosphorus ikakhulukazi.

Kuze kube manje, uhlu lwamaminerali amaminerali alukhuni lukhulu, yingxenye encane kuphela - i-Akvarin, i-Kalimag, iKalimagnesia, i-Plantafol, i-Crystalon, i-Kemira Lux, i-Ammophos, i-Signore Tomato, i-stimulus, i-calcium nitrate, i-Azofoska, i-potassium chloride, i-chelate ye-Iron.
Futhi izidakamizwa ezine-potassium ekubunjweni kwazo ziyothinta kakhulu izinga lokuvuthwa kwezithelo. Uma usebenzisa ithuluzi elibanzi, elihlanganisa izinto ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, lizokwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zemifino ezakhiweni. Ukwenza umanyolo we-nitrogen kanye ne-phosphate kufanele ube semhlabathini ngaphambi kokumba. Izinto ezizuzisa kangaka zizotholakala ngokuseduze kakhulu nezimpande zezitshalo. Ukujula okunconywe ukunamathela kungaba ngu-20 cm.

Ihlobo luni lomgqugquzeli wamaminerali ohlobo lwehlobo oluletha izitshalo entwasahlobo oluxhomeke kulohlobo lwesayithi kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ezizotshala khona. Amalungiselelo anzima athengiswa ngesimo se-liquid futhi ngesimo se-granules. Kudingekile ukusebenzisa izindlela ezigqinsiwe, ukugcina ngokuqondile umthamo.

Ngokuvamile kuhlelo lwamamitha ayisishiyagalolunye. m. kufanele isetshenziswe 300-350 g we-nitrogen supplements (urea, ammonium nitrate), udinga ukwenza cishe 250 g we-phosphate fertilizer kanye no-200 g we-fertilizer umanyolo. Le ndlela yokugcina, ngendlela, iyamukeleka ukufaka esikhundleni somuthi ojwayelekile owenziwa ngamapulangwe.

I-Superphosphate e-granules yi-phosphorus-nitrogen yomanyolo jikelele ongasetshenziswa cishe kuwo wonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi futhi unikeze ukudla kwensimu yanoma yimuphi umhlali wehlobo.

Ama-fertilizer amaminerali kumele asetshenziswe enhlabathini njalo ngonyaka. Umuntu akakwazi kodwa uvume ukuthi kuyodingeka ukuthi unikeze izimali ezithile ezivela kwisabelomali somndeni ngalokhu, kodwa ukubuyiswa kwezimboni zezimali nezomsebenzi ngeke kudingeke ukulinda isikhathi eside. Emva kwakho konke, ekwindla isakhiwo segadi sizojabulisa umnikazi ngevuno elicebile nekhwalithi eliphezulu.

Uyazi? Ngokusho kukaRosstat, eRussia Federation, izinkampani zokulima, ngo-1990, kwasetshenziswa amathani ayizigidi eziyizigidi ezingu-9,9, kanti ngo-2010 - 1.9 million amathani. Njengoba kubonakala, inani lamanyolo wamaminerali asetshenzisiwe selinciphile izikhathi ezinhlanu eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-20 .

Izimpawu zokuntuleka komanyolo

Kunzima kakhulu kubalimi be-novice ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izitshalo zomanyolo ezingekho. Ukusiza ukunikeza izibonakaliso eziningana ongaqonda ngazo ukuthi ukugqoka kufanele kuthuthukise kanjani inhlabathi.

  • Uma amaqabunga ezitshalo ephukile, aqala ukuphenduka, futhi ngezinye izikhathi aze athole umbala obomvana, lokhu kungabonisa ukusweleka i-nitrogen. Isitshalo esinjalo sikhula kancane, asiqhakazi, amaqabunga anganciphisa bese ewa.
  • Uma amaqabunga endala yezitshalo ephakanyiswa phezulu, abe yibubende noma ibluhlaza, inhlabathi kufanele ihanjiswe. i-phosphorus.
  • Isimo sokuntuleka komhlaba i-potassium kuzoba nokushisa okwehlukile emaphethelweni amapheshana. Amaqabunga kuleli cala kancane kancane aqhwaza futhi aguqe phansi. Ezimweni ezinjalo, isiko singase siguquke, kodwa izimbali ziwa ngokushesha, okwenza kube nezithelo ezincane kakhulu.
  • Uma amaqabunga eqala ukuphuzi emaphethelweni, khona-ke umhlabathi kufanele ukhule. i-magnesium.
  • Amagatsha amancane, ahlangene, aphikisiwe, afakwe amabala amnyama - lokhu kuyisignali ecacile yokuntuleka emhlabathini i-zinc. Amahlamvu ezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo zasensimini angase aqale aphuzi, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi athole umbala obomvu.
  • Amathiphu amhlophe amaqabunga - isibonakaliso sokuntuleka ithusi.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu ngesikhathi esifanele futhi kulungiswe kahle enhlabathini entwasahlobo kuyisiqinisekiso sokuvuna okucebile nekhwalithi eliphezulu. Ukubaluleka kwama-fertilizer spring kumele kungabi nakancane, ngoba ngale ndlela kuphela singakwazi ukubuyisela inani lemikhiqizo engadini engadini edingekayo ekukhuleni okuvundile.